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● Sensorineural hearing loss, vertigo, and abnormal caloric test results. → CN8 (vestibulocochlear nerve)

○ Caloric test results → COWS mnemonic (cold opposite, warm same)


● Deviation of the protruded tongue to the ipsilateral side. → CN12
○ Mnemonic “Lick your wounds”
○ Pathway? Innervates all intrinsic muscles of the tongue except palatoglossus (innervates by
CN10)
● Weakness in shoulder shrug + problems turning the head to the opposite side. → CN11 (spinal

accessory nerve)

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