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    14 views12 pages

    HTTPBasics PDF

    Uploaded by

    Juan Pérez

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 12

    In this lecture, we will discuss…

    HTTP Basics
    What is HTTP?

    HyperText  Transfer  Protocol  


    ²  Based on request/response stateless protocol
    •  Client opens connection to server
    •  Client sends HTTP request for a resource
    •  Server sends HTTP response to the client (w/resource)
    •  Client closes connection to server
    Identifying Resources on the Web

    URN:  Uniform  Resource  Name  


    ²  Uniquely identifies resource or name of resource
    ²  Does not tell us how to get the resource

    example:
    “HTML/CSS/Javascript/Web Developers/Yaakov/Chaikin”
    Identifying Resources on the Web

    URI:  Uniform  Resource  Iden;fier  


    ²  Uniquely identifies resource or location of resource
    ²  Does not necessarily tell us how to get the resource

    example:
    /official_web_site/index.html
    Identifying Resources on the Web

    URL:  Uniform  Resource  Locator  


    ²  Form of URI that provides info on how to get resource

    example:
    http://www.mysite.com/official_web_site/index.html
    HTTP Request Structure (GET)

    GET /index.html?firstName=Yaakov HTTP/1.1

    Method   URI  String   Query  String   HTTP  version  

    name/value  pairs  separated  by  &  


    Example:  ?first=Yaakov&last=Chaikin  
    HTTP Methods

    ²  GET
    •  Retrieves the resource
    •  Data is passed to server as part of the URI
    §  I.e., query string
    ²  POST
    •  Sends data to server in order to be processed
    •  Data is sent in the message body
    ²  More methods not covered here
    HTTP Request Structure (POST)

    POST /index.html HTTP/1.1


    Host: coursera.org request  
    Accept-Charset: utf-8 headers  

    firstName=Yaakov…
    …
    … message  
    body  
    HTTP Response Structure

    Separated  by  a  
    single  space  

    HTTP/1.1 200 OK

    HTTP   Response   English  phrase  


    version   status  code   describing  
    status  code  
    Typical HTTP Response
    HTTP/1.1 200 OK

    Date: Tue, 11 Aug 2004 19:00:01 GMT

    Content-Type: text/html

    <html>

    <body>

    <h1>Secret to gaining weight REVEALED!</h1>
    <p>Develop Coursera courses after work at night
    while eating sweets to keep yourself awake!</p>

    </body>

    </html>
    Some Response Status Codes

    ²  200 OK
    •  Ok, here is the content you requested
    ²  404 Not Found
    •  Server can’t find the resource requested
    ²  403 Forbidden
    •  Unauthenticated client tried to access a secure resource
    ²  500 Internal Server Error
    •  Some unhandled error was raised on the server
    Summary

    ²  Need to understand the basics of HTTP protocol


    ²  GET method sends data to server as part of the URL
    ²  POST method sends data as part of message body
    ²  Response codes: 200, 404, 500, etc.

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