Paasa sropas TEOPETHYECKHE OCHOBbI OBXKHTA KEPAMMYECKHX H3 EINK CK H3AeNHAM CTPOHTeIbHOM KepaMaKa TMpHMeHACMLIM riaBEBIM O6pa- OM B Ka¥eCTBe CTeEHOBOTO, OGAMUOBOUNOTO M KpPOBeABHOTO _ MaTepHanos, Goeesamaotes MHOrOUnCHeHABIe TexXHHYeckHe TpeSopania\\CBoliciBa H3- enn, oTsevaoulne stTHM Tpe6oBaHHaM, MopMupyIoTca B io, OOxKura, ABAMOMCTOCA MOSTOMY BAaKHELINM STaOM B TeXHONOrAH KepaMHyecKorO npouspogctBa}\Hecmorpx Ha 9rO Upoueccs!, npoTeKaioulMe pH oO*«HTe PAH, BCE Cle OCTAIOTCA HENOCTATOUNO MSYYCHHLIMH KaK BCNECTBHE HX CMOKHOCTH, TAK H TpYAHOCTeH MeTOMOAOrHYeCKOrO NOpALKa, BOSHAKAIOULUX B CBASH C BEICOKHMA TeMMepaTypaMH, CONPOBORAAwWLLAMH 9TH Npowecci. Tipu oGxxure (Tax xke, KaK H Np Cyuike) MEI HMeeM Zeno OANOBpemen- HO C ABNEHHAMH TeNNO- H MaccoOOMeHa, O2HAKO B LaHHOM cayyae SHAUH- TeMbHO YCTOKHEHHOTO (hasoBbiMA H XHMHYeCKHMN NpespallenHaMH. C To- BLIUICHHEM TeMMepaTypbl TKK NPOHCXOMHT Mchapenve Baarn, pasmomenne \BLITOpaHne OprakHyecKUx MpHMecei, paspyileHHe KpucTanaMuecKoll pe- IWeTKH, MOABACHHE AHIKOH ashi H Apynue aBNeHUA, KOTOPHIE HMEeIOT CTPOTO OnpexereHHyio cB3b C NepeHocom Telia. EAWHCTBO BCeX STHX Mpomeccos Mpotleccos Tenn006mMena co3zaet TPYAHOCTH Asia KaveCTReEHHOTO H KOJIN- Y€cTBeEHHOrO H3y4eHHA HX, KOTOPHe MoryT GbiTb MpeoZoreHH c NOMOIbIO BBICOKOPASBHUTLIX COBPCMCHHMLX METOAOB (pH3HKO-XHMHMECKHX M TeNAOdUsH- WeCKHX HCCC ROBAaHH! B uactosuleii Thase usnaraioTca HeKOTOpBle OCHOBHBIe cBeleRUT Oo mpouecce O6xKHra KepaMMYeCKHX MaCC, KOTOPHe XOTA elle He co3aloT ObopmaerHoi teopeTHueckoll Gasb Aan pacueTa uM peryaNposaHuA 9Toro mpoulecea, HO O6meruator. CosHaTeNbHOe KONCTPYHpOBaHHe H SKeMyaTanuio neuelt. 1. CTPOEHHE riHH Tlogapasioulee SombUIMiCTBO MHHepatoB, OGpasyioulux TAMHHCTOe Be- wlecrso, KMeeT KpucTanaMueckyio etpyxTypy. Xapaxrep KpHcTanmuyeckon pelleTkH 9THX MHN€panos OKa3KBacT BAHANHE Ha XOX Nponecca oOxKara. B Muvepasoruu rama ussectHO u u3y4¥eHO GombIIOe KoAHYeCTBO raHHO- o6pasylomlux MuHepasioB, KoTOpEe OOLIGHO OOLeMHHAIOTCH B YeTEIPe Tpynnbl: — 60 —KaOMMMHTOBYIO, FaanyasHTOBYIO, HAANTOBYIO (rHAPOCMANCTYIO) H MOHTMO- pHuouutosyio. AxaaemuK JI. C. Beraukun pbienin eme B oTjeapityio Tpynny Munepadbl MOHOTepMHTOBOM rpynBl. OxnaKo no HanGozce 1O3,HKM mpearctasnenuam P. C. [pyma nauOozee sepontunim apanetca npemnono- %KeHHe, YO MOHOTepMHT MpeAcraBAReT COGoi cMech MHHepaaos KaOAHHUTO- Boi M rasstyasHToxoll rpynnbt. To caoum BOAKBIM H OOXKHTOBLM CRoOfcTBAaM HaHOodee pesko pasHATCH MHHePaAbl KAOAMHATOBOM H MOHTMOPHATONRTOBON rpynn. Ha puc. 25 npwBogutca cxemaTuyeckan crpykTypa KaowNHHTAa H MOHT- MOPHANONHTA, Te pasaH4HbIMH KpYKKAMH MOKa3aHbl WeHTPL TARECTH OT- ReAbUbIx AaTOMOB (HZIH HO- HOB). Kpucraaanueckas cTpyk- Typa STHX TMHHMCTHIX MHHe- pasos uMeer cioncToe erpo- eHue HM Kalacendnunpyetea DBYMA OCHOBHBIMH THITAMH peuleTon, OTAHUAOINEXCH “pyr oT Apyra KOauyecTBOM CAOeB TAHHO3eMa H Kpemue- oo 20H ° si @ aL (mg) 3eMa, COCTABAAIOWLUX KpH- eTanauueckwi naKer. Pe- werka KaOAHHHTa COCTOHT a ee H3 QBYX CNOeB: OHH coi — Terpasapuyeckntt (a pc. 25 nuxnuit cnof) o6pasyetca HOHamMn KpeMHHA, BTopo# col — oxrasapuyecKHi — o6pa3yeTcn HoHamu amiomuius. Kpome HONOB STHX ABYX 9IeMeHTOB, B KPHCTaTAH4eCKOH pelleTKe KaOAMHHTA HMe- 1oTCH MOHD KHCOPOAa M rHApoKcHIbHOA rpynnet (OH), Kaxapili von KpeMnua Waxo_uTea B cocTosHUN veTBepHOl KoopAHHa- UHH, T, @, CBA3AH ¢ YETHIPbMA HOHAMH KHCNOPOMa H THAPOKCHAbHOH rpymitat. Monat amioMHnita HMeHwT Gores BHICOKYH CTeNCHb KOOPANHALLHH — OH CBA- 3aHbl ¢ UECTbIO ATOMAME KHenOpoma H rHApOKcHaAbHO rpynnet. isa cnos smecre o6pasyior KpucTananueckuii naxet. PaccTosnne 3 MexKAy nakeTaMu y KaonuuMTa paBHo 7,21—7,25 A*. TlockoapKy B maKeTax KaOAHHKTa THAPOKCHALHAE rpynnbl MOTH NOHOCTHIO pacMonOKeHb C HX BHeUIHeH CTOPOHH, OHH HaSLIBaloTCA OTKPHITHIMH Naketamu. B aanpuefuem MBI YBHIEM, UTO STO OGcrosTeABCTBO BUIHACT Ha xapaktep AcrH#apaTalnn np HarpeBe KaoanHuTa. O6man Sspyery pie opMyia WIA MHHepasoB KaonMHMTOROH rpynnbt umcet Bun; AlpO,- 2 SiO,-2 HO, MonrMopuasonut cocTonT 43 TpexcNOAREIX MaKeTOB C BOAHKIMH mled- Kama Mewkiy Hum. Buyrpenunii cnoit —oxTasupHuecknil ¢ HOHaMH amio- MHHHA (HAM MarHHA), ABA BHELIHMX CilON — TeTPASApH4ecKHx, ¢ HOHAMH Kpemuun. Pacctroaune Mexay naxetama 9,6—21,4 A. B aantom caywae na- KeTb! HASMBAIOTCS 3aKPTHMH, NOCKONBKY MHAPOKCHABHbIe rpyNML! pacno- Jowkenb BAYTpPH HX, Crpyxtypa MOHTMOpHAAOKHTa TpyAHO NoAAaerca TOU- HOMY CHMBOTHUECKOMY H30OpAaxKeHMIO, TAK Kak COOTHOMeHHe MexKAY CnOA- MH, OOpa3yembiMH Ha OCHOBe HOTOB KPCMHHA H QJOMHHMA, ABaseTcH Be- aMunHo Nepemexxon. B sapicCHMOCTH OT cocTaBa KPHCTaMAM MOHTMOPHAAOHHTa npHaoT rannaM pa3Hunpie cBolicTBa. PasHOsHAHOCTH 9THX KpucTaqaoB MoryT O6- pasoBaTb cTpyxtypy ToHKOYeMyiuarywo, KpynHoueMyiuaryw, ynanHeHHO- yeuryiuatyro H Jp. Pue. 25. Cxemataveckan erpyxtypa 6 — monTwopanaounrs > + A — aurerpens, panett oxso# cromuzomnofi wactw conTametpa » >Moutmopuanonnr unoraa smpaxkawr dopmyaok 0,2 (K, Na, Mg, Ca) O+ AlsO;-3Si02-1,5H20+0,5H2O; cpocrku ero Kpucrainos o6pasyioT ABYX- H TpexcnoitHple MaKeTH. Kpome Kpictaauseckux MUHepatoB, OOpasyiOWlHx rawnHcToe Belle CTBO ,B MpEPOAHNX PrAuHaX BCTPeYatOTCA H AMOpQ@HHIe MHNepaq, Tak Ha 3bIBaeMLIe a/lOdaHH, B HX, OYEBHAHO, HET XMMHYCCKOH CBASH MCXKAY SiO. u AljOg # Hx MOxHO paceMaTpHBaTb KaK MPOAYXT cOBMECTHO! Koary- AAUMH resell STHX COeLMHEHHA NPM BbINAAeHHH H3 BOANDIX PaCTBOPOB H TPE BLIBETPHBAHHH CHARKATOB. 2, TEnsOBbIE 9¢®EKTEI IPH HATPEBAHHH TI B mpouecce warpepanwA B fIHHaX NpoaBaROTCA TeNAOBbIe stpdpeKTLI, KOJHYECTRO H XAaPAKTeP KOTOPHX 3aBHCHT OT NpeoOAamaiouero poga rH- uucTOrO MiHepata. B cea c STHM 1a ONpeACTeHHA MunepanornyecKoro cOCTaBa TAH PHMenseTCA Tak Ha3bBaembili Tepmorpadu4eckHii MeTOX aHausa, IPH KOTOPOM BbiaBIAIOTCA XapakTepuLe TenNoBble spmpeKTH Ha- rpepanus. HccnefyeMylo raWKy HW 3TaJOH NO_BepratoT HarpeBannio B OAH- HAKOBDIX YCOBHAX; MPH TOM CUKcUpyeTca TeMNepatypa cpegbl u ciHMa- ered mupepenmarbuad KpHBas HarpeBaHis, T.€. KpHBad pasHOcTH Temnepatyp MexKy ruHoi w sTanoHOM. Pog raRnHCTOrO MuHepata onpe- neaseTca 10 KOMHYeCTBY H GOpMe TeNJOBHX siextos, NOyyAeMbIxX Ha TepMOrpaMMe H MO TeMMepaTyPHBIM HHTepBATAM, B KOTOPLIX oTH StppexTH MpoaBasiores. Hapaay c TepMorpaMMaMu wenecoo6pasHo CHHMaTb Tak»Ke KPHBbIe NOTepH BeCa IPH HArpesaHHH, NOCKOAbKY Ka Abii MHHepan uMeeT XapaK- TepHYIo Win Hero KHHeTUKy noTepH Beca. TlockoamBKy npu HarpeBatun Mu- HepasioB NoTepA BeCa MPONCXOTHT r1aBHHIM O6paz0m BCaencTBHE OGesRo- 2KUBaHHA, TO YaCTO KPHBbIC HSMCHCHHA BeCa HaSbBaioT KPHBMIMH OOe3R0- 2KHBANHA, ITO, KOKEYHO, HETOUHO, TaK Kak TPH Harpepanuy rant BLIropatoT opranuyeckwe mpumecu uw pa3narawtes KapSonatH (MMII—norepn npn npokaausanun). OsHakoMHMcsa mpexze Bcero c TepMOrpaMMaMH H KPHBLMH TIOTepH Be- Ca IPH HarpeBanun TAH CEYIULNX OCHOBHLIX HETEpeCyIOUNX Hac rpynn MEHEPAOB: + MOHTMOPHJIOHHTOREIX, MOHOTePMHTOBBIX, TATTYASHTOBLIX H THAPOCMOMKEIX. XapakTepHLie TepMorpaMMB NpuBereHH Ha puc. 26,4, a KpHBbe noTepH Beca — pu. 26, 6. TepmorpamMMbl rau O6bINHO CHUMaIOT TaKHM OGpa30M, YTO Ha audie- PeCHUMAMLHHX TeMMepaTYPELIX KPHBEIX NOANawres! NMKH H NeperHOL!, NpH- weM SHAOTepMHYecKHe sideKTHI (MOrsomtenHe Tena) pachOsarajotca nHka- MH, HallpaBsleHHbIMH BHH3, a SK3OTEPMHYECKHE HpeKT] (BLIWeTenHe Ten- aa) — NuKaMH, NanpaBaAcHHLIMM BpeEpXx. Kax Buaxo no Kpuann / 4 2 na pue, 26,4, KaoaMHUT IPH HarpesaHnHH mpetepiepaer SuMOTepMHYCCKYIO Peak B TeEMNepaTypHOM HHTepBae 590—600° u sks0TepmuyecKyIo Peaxunio B HuTepBae 950—1050°. Cootser- cTpywmlan KpHBaa Ha pute. 26, 6 noKasbipaeT 3HauuTeTbHyIO MOTeplO Beca B URTepBase Temmepatyp, GANSKHX K Temnepatypam 9HLOTepMHYeCKON pe- aKuun. TIpH Harpesauyu MOHTMOPH.IOHMT, Kak BUAHO NO KpHBBM 3 u 4 Ha puc, 26,a, nperepnesaer TpH sHz0TepMuYeCKUX sdekTa H OAMH SKs0TEp- uyeckuh, Tleppaili s#x0TepMuuecknii ascexT UumeeT MecTO Tipu TemMnepa- typax 50—150° (suorga JonorKHTerbHO npn 200—235°), Bropoii— mpi Temnepatypax 550—760° “, uwaKxoneu, tpernii—npx 900—1000°. Bropoit ==? =aHAoTepmuuecKHi —9th- (bekT sipanercn HanGo- see XapakTepupimM Avis rani MOHTMOPHATONH- TOROA FpyAtt; mG CBO- HM pagsMepaM OH 3HauH- TeIbHO MeHAMIe aHaao- rHynoro s¢ipexra mph 500—600° y Kaouunra. Uro KacaetcA sk30Tep- MHYeCKOTO sdbexra, TO on Take 3HaunTenbHO cna6ee, 4eM y KaoaH- HHTa; 3TOT 3qipeKT nou- TH HcHesaeT Ha TepMo- rpaMMax Muorix MOHT- MOPHANOHHTOBDIX [VIHH. Kpuepe norepi pe- ca Aaa MOHTMOpHsA0- HHTOBLIX = MHRepaJos noKazanbt Ha puc. 26, 6. Sia =xKpHBue = o6nigHO HMeIOT YeTLIPe XapaK- Tepuble yuaerKa ¢ pas- AW4HHIMH = CKOpocTaMit mOTepH BeCa, O HEM CBH- AeresbeTByOT = paswin4y- ube yribt Haknona aH- nui OTACABHBIX yuacT- KOB. Mutepaa MOHO- TCpMHT NOnyUHA CBOE HasBalme No xapaKTepy TepMOrpaMMbI, Ha KOTO- poli OTMeyaeTCA TONDKO oaun (Kpupaa 5 Ha pie. 26, a) kpynnnti 9H70- TEPMHYCCKHA sthdexr B HuTeppale TeMnMeparyy 1505305 Sbhbexr i normoukeHHem rena pu HHSKHX Temnepaty- pax y MonoTepMnta OYeHb HesHayuTe/bHDtii, Jomepn seca 6% Pac. 26. Tepmorpamun (a), KpMBble MOTepH Beca Nit sarpesenun (6) pasamHbix PAMHNICTEAX MEHMEPAZOD, KOMI TexcHax AWArpeMus Keon Ra (6) @: f—kiomomT MapaynomcKull 2—KSGAKK eLeHMNCKHTT: —ackawr — rpysiuckmiy 6 — raaayasn7 ypanauncKnt rapocmoaa (GaIDKe 6; 1—Ksoanm cacHHE- a ok30Tepumueckull 9p- Q iy STARRY SARMQTEREEEE:, 8 — CARPOOL c 5 poemoia (6a 7 — mamur: ext mpm tennepaty: — & 7°Renant Sin woaneuat 2 sure meees 9a sd — on pax oxoxo 1000° uacro Gepopmnartyean, epmnas Temmnvecins, eo gearees. 4 Oae MOMHOCTHO HCYe3aeT, Kpusax noteps Becca: Movorepmuta (puc, 26,6) umeer Gonbutyio no¥rH FOpusoHTabUyro MtouLaAKy, Mpoctupawntyioca oT 100 no 350°. TepMorpaMMA! MHHepadtos raqiyasmTOBok rpynmt oGpaHo comepxat wpa suLoTepMuyeckux apiexta (puc. 26, @): Maabit —mpH Temmeparypax 50—100° u staunreapuniit mpx 405—555°. Sksorepmuyecknil nux va6mona- ered B uHTeppane Temnepatyp 970—1060°. TepmorpamMa rasmyasuta NO CBOHM OvepTaHHAM 6nu3Ka K TepMOrpaMMe KAOQJMHUTAa 3a MCKMOUeHHEN HusKOTeMMepaTypHOrO stdexta, Ilo AawHLIM HEKOTOPHIX uccaeqopatenelt — 63 —BTOpoll SHDOrepMuuecKHi sdekT y ranayasHTa npOTeKaeT MPM HeCKOABKO Oonee HH3KHX TeMMepaTypax, YeM Y KAOMHUTA. Kpupan notepu peca ramayasuta npuBegena Ha puc. 26, 6. TepmorpaMMbl MHREpatos ruazpocaioanolt rpynntt moKa3aHu Ha PHC. 26, a, Kpusnimu 7, 8 n 9. Tuapocaloabl, HaxoAaueca Ganako K KaOAMHATY 8, umewr cna6wit auoTepmuyecknit adext npx 100°, B octanbHom — Oe CXORH C KAOMMEHTOM: GorbMOi sH_OTepMH4eCKHH stpdext rpa 600° w 3ka0TepmuMeckuit spexr np 1000°. Uaanr 9, OTOKACCTBAeMBI MHOrfa C NOHMATHEM THApocmoALl, HMeeT SHOAbLIOe CXOACTBO C MOHTOPUAAOHHTOM NO TepMHYecKHM Shextam: on MMeeT TPH SHLOTeEpMH4eCKHX SpibektTa B MHTepRatax TeMnepatyp 100—170, 500—600 a 840—900. Huoraa tperal spipexr nenocpencTBeMHo nepexoauT B neSompuol sk30TepMHyecKHii NHK mpH Temnepatypax 900—950°. Kpuanle o6e3noxKMBaHus THAPOCTION NOKasaHbl ua puc. 26, 6 (5,607). 3. M3meneEnns PivH PH HArPEBAHHK Kakue xe mpoweccst npoTeKaloT pH HarpeBanun rann, O6ycnoBxzKBaA SHAOTEPMHYCCKHE H IK3OTEPMMMeCKHe TenOBbIe sh@ekTE Mp pasansHBlX TeMMepaTyPHBIX HTepBaAaX? Bee 5a sdipexrst caasanbt ¢ Lerunparanuelil, o6pasonannem HOBEIX haa H M1aBAeHHeM MpM BBICOKHX TeMMepaTypax. DuLOTepMHYECKHe HUSKO- yemnepatypuble SpekTH ABAAIOTCA CalexCTBHeM MOTepH TAHHHCTHIM MH- HepaaMi agcopOuposannol Baarn, CaenonatembHo, 5TH adepexrht 20KHE MPOABAATECA TEM CHABHee, YeM BEINe alcop6uHOHHAaA CHOCcOGHOCTh TMIE H 4em Gonbure ee AucnepcHocTs. Bosppamasch K PacCMOTPeHHIO TepMO- rpaMM, MEL BHAHM OTCYTCTBHE HHSKOTeMMepaTypHOrO SHAOTEpMHYECKOTO adpexra y KaoaMnura, TockombKy on OGaazaeT neboABUO; agcop6uKoHHOl cnoco6uoctto. O6 stom cBHeTeAbCTByeT Take KPHBAA NOTePH BeCa, CyAA No Koropoit KoAMYecTBO agcopGupoBaHHOl Baar y eNeHUNCKOTO KaONHHA He mpesbitiaer 1%, mpH oOulef noTepw B Bece OKO 14%. RPOTHBOMOAOXKHOCTH KAOAHHUTY, MHHEPane MOHTMOpH.TONHTOBOL TPyNNs OTAMYAIOTCR BEICOKOM AUCMepCHOCTbIO, MOsTOMy OHH OGrazalOT Combo axcop6unonHOf CHOCOGHOCTHIO H CKONHOCTHIO K HaOyxaHHto. TIpH nepBoM sHoTepMuyecKOM adpieKTe MOuTMOpHIOnUT TepaeT Gomb- wily 4acTh agcop6mponanHolt Raara (rurpocKonHuecKoil # HaGyxauna), NpHuem 3TOT Mpouecc nporeKaeT OUCH MesieHHO. KoanyectBO BaarH, BbI- Aeasemollt MORTMOPHAAOHHTOBBIMH THHAMH B MepHOn HUSKOTeMMepaTypHo- ro 3HgzoTepMEuECKOrO adpexta, AocTHraer 10—11%. Sate, npH Go.ee Brico- KUX TeMnepaTypaXx STH MIHHEI Tepslor eule 1,5—2% axcop6upowannoll, Tax HasbBaeMOh M@KMAKCTHOM BATH, MOCKOABKY MOHTOMOPHAAOHNT ABANCTCA MHHepasioM C TpexcoliHoll cTpyKTypoi KpHCTaAMYECKOTO NaKeTa. Taaitt MoHOTepauTHOi Fpymnel H Tpyiinb! raasyastta SaHuMaioT Mpo- M@XKyTOWHOe MeCTO M@xRy ONHCAHHMMH MHHepasaMH M0 BeAMUHHe HM Xa- pakrepy HHaKoTeMTepatypHEIx sdextos. Tlpu tremnepatypax 400—900° TAHHEE TepAOT XUMMMECKH CBAZAHHY10 KOHCTHTYUHOKHYO Bary HM 9TOTMpO- uece HasuiBaeTca coGcTBeHHO AerHApaTausel UX, JTor Npowecc B TeN10- BOM OTHOMMCHHH ABITeTCA SHAOTePMHUCCKEM, T. 6. MpoTeKaeT C Moriolle- HHeM Tera, O6tuHO OneHMBaeMoro B 100—150 kaa Ha 1 2 ramHHcTOrO Be- qiecrsa. Ilo nbselimusm aaxxnm™ IO. Il. Bapexoro pacxog tenaa xa merna- paraumw KozeGnerca or 7 Kaa/2 aa cepuuuTa 10 180 kaa/e ana Kaonn- uuTa, Caeayer oTMetHTb, yTO NO HaGaOAeHHAM MHOTHX wecMegoBaTeeit QHQOTepMNNeCKaR peaKUMA MermapatanHn OAHoit H TOM %Ke raHDI MOXKET AftSana3QbIBaTb B 3ABHCMMOCTH OT cKOpocTH Harpesa, Tak, HampuMep, Mp NObeMe TemmepaTypH PIHKs Jo 1000° B Tevexne vaca peaKUKA MacTyna- ala npw 550°, a mpu nogorpeBe co ckopocTIo Beero Hub 200° pn uac— npw 460°. Onwn uccaefonatenn cudTalor, YTO PeaKMNA AETHApAaTAMHH, Ha- npeaep y Ka0quHMTA, NPOMCXONAT MPH Temnepatypax 440—450°, a X. C MKOFOCHH NpPHBOAUT jaxKe Goace HHSKHi HHTeppaas — 300—400°. Ha repMorpammax, noxasannux ua puc. 26, Ae rauu Ka- ONMAHTOBOH PpyNMk MpoKCXOAUT B MHTepBane TemnepaTyp 475-590, y PAM MOHRTMOpH.WIOKHTOBOH rpynns — 550—875", y mouorepmuta — 450— 550° 4 y TAH radayasHTonol rpynm— 405—555". Tlo nonpocy 0 Tom, uTO sABAReTCA NPoAyKTOM AerumparauMn ranH, cy- inectByloT pasiwiHbie MHeHus. A. M. Coxoaos cunraet, uo B pesyibraTe floTepH KOHCTHTYUMOHHO BHarH ranuNcTOe BeLlecTBO pacnanaeTcA Ha cBO- Oonnpie oKHca AljOgn SiOz. B aoKasaTenpcTBO STOrO MpeANosomKeHHA OH MpoKasuBat npH pasAKYHBIX TemnepaTypax raudy, BlMenAa caoSoAuBIit TaHHOSeM, PacrBopas ero B 5%-Hol coanHof KucoTe, Kosuyectso cBo6ox- Horo AlpOs Bo3pactaio To Mepe AeruApaTauNN MAb H AOCTHTasO MaKCH- MyMa NpH NoxHOM ylaneHHH KOHCTHTYHMONNON BaarH. B. H. Bepnaackuii cuutaer, uTo np Temnepatypax 400—450° raunne- Toe BellecTBC MpeBpalllaeTca B aHTHAPHA Ges pacnanenns na ecnobonKMe okHcabl. IlponykTOM JerugpaTauMu KaOJHHHTA OM CuHTaeT CHAKKAT THMa aeseppbeputa, WIM Meraxaonuuuta, HMeHomMi copmyay Al,O3-2SiOs. B Dokasaresbcrso storo B, H. Bepnaackuit yxa3bBaet Memway NPOYHM HM Ha TO OGCTOATEMCTRO, UTO KAOAMHUT MOCMe MerMApaTalun mpHoOGperaet maot- HocTb, pabuyio 2,32—2,38, ato 3Ha4NTeABHO HHxKe MAOTHOCTH CMecH cBO- Gombtx oxHcnox (3,08). I. C. Beasuxna yxaabipaer, uo «Metakaolnn npeactanaaet co6olt OTH He HHAHBHLYATbHOe KPHCTAMAMMECKOe BeUleCTBO, HO TonuafuTy!o aucnepcryio cmech cBOGOLHEX oKHCAOB SiO, H Al,Os, Bnoa”He akanornuHyIO nomy4aeMoit. B pesyabTaTe AePHApaTAAN aMOpepHBlx araopanongzoss. Moxno corzacutpes c O. TI. Maeaznosmm-[erpocaiom, sto Lapnufi cnop O TOM, pacHaqaeTcA AM KAONMHHT MpH OGC3BOKHBAHHM Ha OKACTM HK o6pasyetea MeTakaonunut (KaoaMnopnilt auTHRpHZ), HyKHO CuMTaTh B Ha- cTORLLCe BPCMA PELIEHHEIM B MOJb3y CyMlecrsoBanNs B KaKoii-To Mepe yno- pAAOICHHOM cTpyKTypb, KOTOpyIO LWesecooGpasxo HasBaTb YCAOBHO «MeTa- xaoannom». O. Il, Mucaros-Merpocan. cunraet: «¢ Kpactaaoxumnieckoit TOUKH SPCHHA COBEPLIEHHO HEBOSMOAKHO NpeACTaBHT CeGe, ITO B Mpouecce NOCTeNeHHOFO OFCSBOAMBANHA COKHOH CAOHCTOH CTPYKTYpbl NpOHcxXoABT HOANMA pacnag a OKHCAEL. Henb3A OODACHHTS H HaAMYHe aMOpIpHbIX OKHC- JOB B cRO6omKOM cocrosHMH Np Harpere spite 600°, HenonstHo, rae co- XpaHAWTCA B pacnasitieticn cTpyKType Cnetbt BOMBL, a Mc”KZy Tem PAL HecnezoBaHHh NoKasbiBaeT, ITO MOCeAKE OCTAOTCA H NPH Gores BLICOKHX TeMNEpaTypax>. Tipu sugotepmuseckom mpomecce AecruApaTaunu raHH BbieaAeTCR SHa- QHTeMbHOe KOAW4eCTBO BAarH. Tak, HanpHMep, MOHTMOPHAAOHHTOBLIe MH- Nepaay B 9ToT MepHog TepsioT 5—6% XuMUYeCKH CBRIAHHOM BONDI, YTO CO- cTaBaneT ape TperH Bcei BAart, BKAIOMAd alcopOupoRanHyw; MuBepanbl Ppynnhl KAOIHHHTa cosepxar 10 13% KpucTalnusanHONHON BAarH HW BCeTO auuib |—2% ancop6mnonxolt. Haanune B HeKOTOpHIX CAy4anX Y MOHTMOPHAMOHHTOBLIX riHH AByxX cxeaylomlux ~pyr 3a ApyroM BLICOKOTeMnepaTypuHXx SHAOTePMAYeCKHX 3¢)- exTos OGbacHseTCA, OUeBHANO, TeM 4TO AerHApaTauuA MpoucxoAWT MPH temmepatype oxomo0 700°, a paspyuieHve KpHcTamiMueCcKOA peweTKH Mp4 Sonce BBICOKOH Temnepatype — oKOou0 850°. 5K. A. Hoxparem sp HR oeIipa sarpesanun rawn Belle TeMMepaTyp AernapaTanAH MNpoHcxoaAT SK30TePMHYeCKHe peakuwH B uHTepBate G00—11 w Bone. KaoaHHHt uperepmebaeT ABC 9K30TepMHYeECKHe peakItHH: C KOPOTKUM 0 BpeMeHH, HO MHTCHCHBHBIM TeMIOBLLelenHeM pu TemnepaTypax 950—1050° u ¢ He- SHAUMTeALHLIM TensoBhim scextom oKoo 1130—1250°. Bropoii sxsotep- muyeckHi adupekr HaGnwAaerca He y BCeX KaOAHHOB. Her ycranosreuiclica O6tlel OleHKH H 3THX SKSOTEPMHYECKHX peak- uni, Ogu uccaeaosatean mpeanoaaraiot, 4TO B MaHHOM cayuae amopdunih TAMHO3EM—MpOAYKT pacnaka ranus UpH MernapaTamuu — kpuctasan- ayerca c oGpagosannem 7-Al,O3 (Coxonos, Jle-[areave 1 ap.). Apyrue CHHTAIOT, NTO MPOABAAWTCH HOBIE COCAHHCHHA B Bue CH/IMMaHHTa (Al,O3- SiO.) ua# myaauta (3 Al,03-2 SiO), noayuatommeca nu60 u3 cBo- GOMHBIX OKHCIOB, #60 H3 MeTaKaOAMHMTA, OOPasoBaBmleroca Mocae DerHl- paraunn. Brickasbipaerca Tak7xKe MHCHKE, ¥TO paccMaTpHBaeMD NH3KO- TeMnepatypubih sksoTepmauecKui oddeKr OGycnOBAMBacTcA OANOBpeNeH- ihm pachafOM MeTaKaoaHHHTa Ha OKHCIb HW NCpeCxo_oM aMopduoro Al,O, 8 xkpucTamanueckuit = 7-AlpOs, Caeayer oTMeTHTb, "TO pasaHune MexKLy CHAJMMAHHTOM H MyJuTOM ycTaHaBaMBaeTca C GovtbilMM TpyAOM. Hexotoptie uccaenoBaterv, NOAL3yOMLHeCH PeHTreHOCKONMMECKHM aHasH- 30M, YTBEpALawWT, 4TO HM ylaeTCH SaMeTHTL Pa3SHHlly B KpUCTaMYeCKOM CTPOCHHH STHX ABYX BHMOR CHMKATHDIX CocanHeHHH, Kamcetea Govtce BepoaATHBIM, 4TO Np sK30TePMHYeCKO! peaKUHAH NpH 900-—1100° o6pasyerca OHO AHWb COeLHHEMMe — MYJNHT, OHAKO HAaCTOJIb- KO CYOMHKPOCKONHMeCKKH, 4YTO ero TPYAHO BHABHTb MPH 9THX TeMMepaTy- pax. C noBbumenuem temmepatypmt (1100—1200°) aucneponpit myaaur aya Wwe OKPHCTAJAH30BbIBAeTCA, BCAEMCTHHE “ero Ke PAacnoIHaeTCA MPU peHT~ reHopckom auavuse. Tipu temmepatypax 1250—1300° xpuctanan myasauta HaCTOMbKO PASPACTAIOTCA, 4TO CTAHOBATCA BUAUMBIMH [10] MHKPOCKONOM, Oauaxo II. I]. Byakuxos u X. O. Penopkan soo6ue cuntaior Masope- PosTHUM MyNHTOOOpasoRaHHe MPH WHSKHX TeMMepaTyPAax, MOCKOABRY PeHTrevorpaMMbl B AaHiNoM cayyae O6uapyxuBaior HasHune -Al,0s, ¥TO HeCCOBMECTHMO € PeakiHeli OGpasoBanHaA My1nTa. O. Tl. Muenaop-Tetpocau, TuWaTersHo ysyuanliuit mpomeccet, cBasax- HBC C HarpeBakveM KaOAHHHTA H MONTMOPHNJONHTA, BbICKAsbIBAeT CeMYIO- uve COOOPAaKeHHA O NepBOM SKBOTEPMHYeCKOM sHieKTe Nocue obesBOKK- eanna. Kpucranam4ecknit y-TauHo3sem o6pasyeTca mpa TeMnmepaTypax 600—800°, # 9ra thasa He MoxeT 6bITh CTaG“aLHOi Mp Goee BbICOKHX Temmepatypax nepBoro 3K30Tepmuueckoro siphexra. Han6onee BepoaTHbim apenctapaxercn Mepectpolika KpHCTAaAAuecKOH PeuleTKH KaK y KaQ1HHH- Ta, Tak My MOHTMOpHaaonnTa, FIpH ZocTuKeHAM ONperenenHoi TeMnepa- TYPHI MOBEWAeTCA KOOPAHHAMHOHHOe YHCAO KaTHOHOB aJOMHNHA MH KpeM- HHA. B raase nepsoli ykasupasoch, ¥TO MOHTMOpHZOHUT UMeeT Gonce BET coxyio agcop6unounyio cnocobxocth u MOsTOMy TPyAHEe OTMAeT CBOIO Baary Np cyINKe, ¥eM KaoaMMAT. OcaGeHHOCTh MOHTMOPHAONHTA B OTHO- WeHMM OTMAYH BNArH MPOABAAeTeS M MPH BLICOKNX TeMilepary pax. Kaonmunt, umes Asyxcaoinyw crpyKTypy, AerKo oGesnoxmKuBaerca. B o6pasopasineiica npu 3TOM MeTaKaOAMHHTOBOH CTPYKTYPe HOH aOMUHRA MOXKeT NpH jaspuelinem HarpeBallMy go onpexereHHO! TeMNepatypbl Ha- XOJUTBCA B COCTOMHHH HeycTO4MBOM Daa Hero ueTBepHOH KOOPARHAMMH, @ 3aTem MOxXKeT Nepelira B BLIcoKyO (1mecTepHy!o) KOOpAMHAuMIO, Gonee cra- GuapHyW HM xXapakrepHywo Ata KaoarHuuta. [lospimenHe KoopadHaltucnnoro yncma Bcerfa CBasako ¢ BLIesenNeM Tera. OnkcaHHpli xapaxtep mepect- pofikH MpRBODHT K TOMY, YTO MExAy FHLOTEPMHYECKHM ShpexTOM, cassaH- HLIM ¢ JlerHApaTaunell, w sK30TCPMIECKHM 3XppeKTOM, CBASAHHLIM C MOBbI- — ObieWeHHeM KOOPAUHANMM KATHOHA, MDOXORNT HeKOTOPoe RPEMA, co3malONIee TemnmepatypuHmli HuTepsan 0 300°. MorTMopaasonnT HMeeT TpexcnOfuyio CTPYKTYpy, COePAHT MeHbUee, e@M KaOJHHMT, KOJHYECTBO OH-nonos, a KaTHOHOM B peuleTKe MOmeT 6uITh Kak aTOM aJloMmHNS, Tax H Mardua. TlocKoapxy verRepHax KOopauHatna COBe¢pueHHO HeycTOMuNBa Kak JA HOHA KPeMAMA, TAK UM 21a OHA MarHua, SK30TepMHUeCKHH stpekT cresyer ceiiyac Ke BeTen 3a OGesBOXKMBANHEM. Tlo sueunio O. TI, Muegzosa-Merpocana nepecrpofika pewerku npea- ulecrsyer MYAHTOOOPasoBaniio, UMelOlleMy MecTO NpH TemMmepaTypax nepsoro sx3zorepmuyeckoro xpdexta. B KaOAHHHTOBBIX rAHHaX HAG MOAAIOTCA Cue 1Ba SKIOTEPMHUECKHX 3p- gexra np temneparypax 1150—1300° 1 1210—1320°. Y montmopnanonn- TOBLX Faun 3TH scdbexth He Habtogatores. BorbuMHcTBO HCCe_OBATerell BTOpoll sdcpeKt OTHOCAT K peakWMM OOpasoBakuA My.lnTa, TpeTHh sp- bekt — K peakuun OGpasz0BanuA KpucTroGasuTa. Tlo wonpocy 0 BoaMoxnocTH O6paz0BaHHA MysaHTa «pH Temnepaty- pax, He mpexbuuatomux 1000°, caezyet oco60 nomuepxHyTb, ITO Temnepaty- pa Havana peakuun MyvitHTOOGpasoBanHa, KAK M Nan BCeX peakuUHi, npo- TEKaIOMNX TPH HarpeBRaHHH FH H KAONHHOB, 8ABHCHT OT CKOPOCTH TOADe- Ma M JUTHTCABHOCTH BEIeDKKH TeMMepaTyp. Beuiy Toro, 4To My.KT OGpasyercs 3a CyeT KaONHHHTa, KOMHYeCTBO €rO 32BHCHT OT MHHePaOrH4ecKOrO COCTaBa TMMH, a HMeHHO OT cosepiKa- nua B Hx AlgOs. Hike npnpogntca o6mlaa cxema npespauenuit np na- fpesaHH RYX OCHOBHHX PYM PAMHCTHX MHHepasoB, cocTraBslemtad . Tl. Muezaosum-Ilerpocauom na OcHOBAaHHM OTeCYeCTREHUbIX H 3apyOex- HEIX HCCeROBAHHii. TaGauna 13 O6man crema npespamenud ocKoensx zanKucmex mMunepasce npu nazpecanau Tewuepar 100—200 600-200 B® cpa. Masepoas 200 | 1280 Kaosmuer | Yassenue —coobor- (ravmnno- | nom noanis co: van -rpynda) | Koropot erteneento Swopdiesa- Tun kuo.uwaners.. Oco- Geuxo xapaxtepio ana rasayaniers Yanxemre oc= | Yauzenwe —_caexon | Mysauy «| Myaaur # nowvok waces vo- | OH-Konoe mW nepect- | wprctoGa- | xpucroba- AM KOOpammpe- | polka pemerKR O6ne- ar aur wawnx OFf-nonon | Ho ¢ waeTHNMAI Orme (oGpasoniie we | aexweu 7-A1,0,; anore ‘Taxaoaknmra) 2a pace Cbpasona- jure wyaauira Mourwopwa- | Yauxexme rarpocko- ¥aaxeime wesx- enme —xopan- | Kpweroda- | My.xawr w ONT niseeKoft pone ¥: naxereoa box | atwponaunux OH-no- | nwt, umm | ereeso Mop x. nepectpofina | xent, m).1- petuerxw € biaenenite [any w cTek Eu menunent m erexza | 30 4. W3mMeHEHHa KBAPUA MPH HAPEBAHHH Bo scex kepaMHyeckHx Maccax COMCPKUTCA 3HAYHTCBHOe KONHYECTRO HecBasaHHoro (cBoGo_HOrO) KpemHe3zema. B s1erkOnmaBKUx TIMHaX OH CO- AePKUTCA B BUA NecKa Kak mpuposesii KOMNOHEHT. Oanaxo 4acTO MeCOK BBOAHTCA B TVIMNbI LOMOMHUTEABHO AIH HX OTOMLEHHS, T. €. YMCHBILNEHHH yeanku. B dasHcopbix u dapdroponbix MaccaxX KPeMHe3eMHCTOe CHpEe ABARCTCH BAKHOM COCTABHO “acTbiO 4 HrpaeT ABORKYH POJlb: BO-NEPBbIX, CHMKaeT yCanky B MepHOR cyMIKH HM OGKUPa, BO-BTOPLIX, Mp BLICOKUX TEM: mepatypax perynaer p (busHKO-XHMHYeCKOE BSANMOLElCTDUc C KOMNOHEHTA- MH MACCLI, B pesyJbTaTe Yero OOpasylorcd coeAHHeHHA, OGYCAOBAHBAIOULHC Se — 7 —onpeseneHHbie TeXHHGeCKHe cRoficTsa usiennii. Kpemuesem apnaetca Heo6- XOMUMOM YacTbIO Miasypeli H KepaMH4eCKHX KpacoKk. Tipu narpebaHun H OXAaxKMeHHK HecsasaHHblA KpemMHesemM mperepre- BacT MOAMPHKAUHOHHbIc USMCHEHHA, HPPalOULHe CyMecTREIHY!O pob B op- MHPOBAHHH NPOMHOCTHBIX XapaKkTePHCTHK KePaMHYeECKAX w3lerHi, Kpuctananuecknit KpemneseM BcTpewaeTcH B CeMH MOAMMOpdHEIX co- CTORHHAX, B PasMHUHX TemnepatTypHBx HNTepBanax. Ha puc. 27 npaBo- Aabaenue Tennepamypa 6 epad. Puc. 27. [narpamma coctomn#a oxnoKomnouentnon cucrems SiOz ANTCS AnarpamMMa CcOCcTOMHHA OAHOKOMMOHEHTHON CHCTEMbI 10 @anuepy. 3aecb no CCH aGcunce OTJORKeHBI YCAOBHbie SHAYeHHA yipyrocTH mapoB SiOz, a no ocu OpAuHaT—TemnepatypH, COOTBETCTRYTIONLHe TO¥KAM MOAH- (PHKAUHONHDIX NpeBpamennil. Kak noxasbiacr AMarpamMa, OOpaTHMBe mpoueccel Npespawexui mpo- TeKAIOT pH CHeAyIOUWMX Temmepary pax: 1. a-xKpapit + G-upapu npn temneparype 573° 2. a-Keapi +> eTpHanMnT » . 870° 3. a-tpuaumnr = <— a-KpacroGannt * 1470° 4, a-Kpncrobaaur +; pacuaan * * 1713? 5, @TpauiMeT >> }-1paamunt ‘ ‘ 17? 6. Berpaauser = = a-ypayuearr 3 é 163° 7. Bexpnctobasnt => a-Kpucto6aant | ‘ 180—270° Ilpuseaeniaa cxema npeppaliennii KpemMHe3eMa 3HAaYHTCAbHO PacxOAHT- cal ¢ Npaxtwyeckuma na6nogenmamn, II, I. Byaznnxop u X. O. Tezopxan NpHBOLAT CXeMY cpakTHUeCKKX NpeRpaitennt KpemHesema (pwc. 28) H OTMe- YalOT, YTO: 21M MCWWICHHO HAYULNX NpespalieHull yxasanuple Temneparyp- Hble Ppahuh MPaBsddHbl AAW B YCMOBHAX BECbMa JVIHTCAbHOrO HarpeBa- AHA, MPH TONKOM H3MesIbYeHHH HCXOMHUX MaTepHanoB Hu B NpucyTCTBHE CHJbHuIX MHNepaau3atopos. [pespaulenna % -kBaph+a-TpHaMMAT 2-KDH> cro6asut Ge3 q06aBKH MuNepaaHsaTopos HNOrAa OcTAalOTCA He3aMeTHLIMH K mporekawT c TpyloM. NGGTipaxtauecku, npw Harpesanum KRapua npx 1000° on Ha¥nuaeT npeppa- watEca B KpHcTOGannt. IIpespamenue B TpuguMuT HaGmMozaetea aKWD pH HarpeBauHM B MpAcyTCTBHH, PalocoB; Nepexoy TPHAUMUTAa B KPHCTO- 6aaur nponcxoznr npw Aanpnefmem narpesanun po 1600°. Tipu o6kure KepaMuyeckHx Macc, B KOTOPHIX O6LIIHO , NpHcyTcTBYyIOT qawocylomue mpuMect, B nposyKTax OGaAUra pH Temnepatype go 1450° HaGMOAaWTCH HeMmpeBpaulenubifi KBapU, KPHCTOGAIHT H TPHAMMHT>. Be npucmobanun. Th B-7- _ eApucmebanum Becowa retiree, Forse 1000" TO Sanemne 8 1200-13098 & Kd " 38 unmencuBwo | om 1500" geet gs z Sle s) AX. pen ~t HE 3. MOapyeboe cmenag « sf slp ‘° “s ye HE 38, RS ste cof 8 BIS 4 ee oe Sg =n Kpemmezemucmoid “& rc 3 Se S18 i338 an Re n RBS ete “i . fo Onuako cnekanwe KepaMHyeckHX Macc MOXKeT O6yCAOBAHBATECA He \TOABKO HaAWYHeM %KHIKOR ase, Kax 3TO GEO ONNCAHO BHITC. | [pa seicoxwx Temnepatypax, B mpomecce pekpucTannusalHH, 91eMeH- TapHble Yactusl KPHCTaTAHYeCcKOl pelueTK4 MpHoSperatoT GonbMy1 nos- BUXKHOCTL, YTO OGycAOBAHBAaeT BHYTPeHMIOI ZNdysHi0, NpH KOTOpOM npo- ACXOAHT HE TOABKO OGMeH MECTAMH M@XKAY YaCTHaMH OMHOH A TOM we Kpucraamyeckoit peuleTKH, HO H Me@*KAY YACTHUAMH Pa3sTHIHBIX KPUCTAIOB: Takada NOMBHKHOCTE 3TeCMeCHTAPHUX 4ACTHIL o6ycaoBanaaer BO3MOXKHOCTL MpoTekaHua XHMHYECKHX Peakuuit B TBepLOH dase, Aubpysua B teepxok tase npomBasetca B Bue CAASLIBAHHA OTMETb: HBIX KpHCTas10B 5B Ykpynnennbe arperaTe, 4TO onpeweineTcA Kak Hayao Mponecca cnexaHua. TeMMepatypa naaBAeHHA ABAReTCA KOCBeHHEIM MOKa- SaTeseM MPOYHOCTH CBASH Se€MeHTAPHMX YACTHIL B pewlerKax KpHcTam10B; ee FE \Coraacho npapHay Tammana, Ana OANOTHNNDIX KpHCTasMyeckHx BeuLeCTB cymectByeT NpuOsusHTeMBNOe CooTHOWeHHe: aGcomoTHaN TeMMepaTypa cie- KaHua papna */; abcomoruol Temnepatypbl NaaBrenna. ’ CyulectByer TePMHH «, KOTOPLIM NpHHATO KavecTBeHH OUCHHBath rayOuny W CTeMeH’ SaKONYeRHOCTA MpOUeccoB, CBASAHHBIX C oSpasopanem Kepamiyeckoro uepenka. A. M. Cokoaos, aptop storo Tep- MuHa, NOXHMMA. TOA HMM OOpazopaline «MakCMMatsHO 3arycTeBllell KHAKO- CTH, TPH W36bITKe KOMNOHEHTOB UpHOzWxKatouelicA NO CBOeEMYy CocTaBy K OupeseTeHHbIM Npeweiam KauBEcmeM HachiuleHHOCTH, CooTReTcTRYIOUel KO- ueuHoll Tennepatype O6xkura». Orclona caeayer, 4TO NPH aHHOM MHHepa- AOPHYECKOM COCTaBe ChIPbA H MaKCHMAAbHO AOMyCTAMOM Temnepatype O6- «Kura CymecTByeT ONPeAencuHMH Npexes cneKacMocTH MaccH, XapaKTepH- syloulMit ero TexumyeckHe KayecTBa.(Tlostomy 3agaua palwonabHoro O6:KHPa SaKAOVAeTCA B TOM, YTOGLI KAaK-MOXHO Gwe NOAOATH K 9TOMY npezeay 6e3 noppexnenna uspeauii, T. e. Ges RehopMauuu nox HarpysKoill. C 970i TOUKH 3peHHs OMA H Ta Ke cremenb cOspeBanNA vepenKa MOXKET 6uITB AOCTHrHyTa MPH KpaTKOBpeMenHOM OG2KHre H BbICOKOH KOHCYHOM TeM- nepatType HK, HAOGOPOT, UPH AUIATeEAbHOM OGAKHTe, HO 3akaH4HBalolleMcA npH Goaee nusxofi Temnepatype. Yem sbile Temnepatypa O6xura, TeM WHTCHCHBIce MponBaKetca cneKaune (ymnOTHeHHe) MaCCHt B pesyabTaTe auy3nn sactun. Oznako B MpakTHeCKAX YCIOBHAX M@KCHMAIbHaM TeM- wepatypa orpanuuusaerca KepaBHOMepHOCTbWO TeMNepaTypHOrO MONA Kak no pGpemy neau, Tak U nO OBbeMy H31eHAD, B chappopospix Maccax mpollecc cospesdHHA Yepenka CompoBoxAaeTCA MyatHToo6paz0Banvem. CaenosaTenbHO, HET AOCTATOUABIX OCHOBAHKA a TOro, YTOGI" rOBOPHTL O cospeBanuA yepenKa, MOCKOMBKY. 9TOT HHTePBaA He ABAAETCA NOCTOAHUBM HK SABUCKT OT chaKTOpa BpeMeHH. > Hy2Kio nonyTHO oTMeTHTE caesyiouee OGcroxTeabcTBO. Kak yKaspipact A, H. Awrytrnnuk, dasexo He Bcerza pasBurue lpouecca cnekaHua Kepa- MHYecKOro YepenKa CONPOBORAaeTCA YAYUleHHeM ero TEXHH4YECKHX H 9KC- HIyaTalHOHHbIx cBolicTB, ITO OGbACHAeTCH TeM, ITO npoueccy cnekaHHAa B ONpedenenMbix TeMNepatypHbIX YCAOBUAX ConyTCTByIOT APyrHe npoueccss, OTPHUaTerbHO BIMAOUMe Ha CTpyKTypy Yepenka. Tak, HanpuMep, npH O6- *uTe @aphopownx macc nocae 1150—1200° nauwmaetca Bbiqenenue ra30- oGpasHoll asi BCNeACTBHe PAaSMOAKEHHA WLEIOWHDIX AM LLeAOYHOIeMeAbHBIX CePNOKHCAHIX CoenuneHUi, cHHKatomMHX OGbeMHBIi Bec Hepenka, a caeNO- BATCABHO, U MeXAHHVeCKyIO NpoUHOCTb, TlapannenbHo CO ChekKaHMeM MOryT Mporekatb. TakxKe mpouecchl oGpasozanua daz MoOHMKeHHOTO yeABNOTO seca Hanpumep, np O6pasoBaHHH MywHTa U3 AMcTeHa NpoucxoguT yBe- auuetine oGbema 20 18% man cuMKeNHE yoerBHOro Beca ¢ 3,6 no 3,2. Ha- KOKeH, MoAMMOptpHble NpcoGpasoBanuw KBApeBHX COCTABAHIOMNX MOryT faKKe YMCHDUIHTh OOBEMHLIA BEC YepelTKa B PeSyubTAaTe ero PaspHixsieHHA. Caenopatenbuo, B paze cryyaes B OGNacTH cHeKaHAa CymlecTByeT onpese- sexpbit ontumy. CB mponmecce yactuuHoro MaBACHA B KepaMMYeCKHX MaccaX TpOHCXO- LUT YHAOTHEHMeE Yepenka H OOpasopaltHe SaXPHITHX Nop; ynmOTHeHMe 4e- penka BHI3HRAaeT TaK Ha3blBaeMylO OFHeBylo yCaZky, BbIpaxaloulyioca B YMCHBUeHHH pasMepos OGxuraeMOrO H3LeNHA> Y raun aerKonaasKnx , TYTOMABKHX, ABAMIONINXCA ChIPbeM IA H3- Zeani rpy6ok crpoutenpuoi KepaMukH, ynaonHenne Yepenka Naynnacrcs yxe mpu remnepatypax, 60n3Kux x 800°, 6e3 mpH3Hakon Ae@opManun H C S3AMCTHEIM YMeHbIICHHEM KOJHYECTBA OTKPLITHIX NOP; NOLOGHOe cocTORHHe uepenka Ha3bIBaeTCA HayaAOM ero CrieKaHus. Cnexmniiga yepenox OOHUHO XapaxTepusyeTca pesKHM CHHKeHHEM BOAONOrIOMLeRUS.)| B npaktaKe orne- = 72 =ynopHof UpompizeHHOCTH MpHHATO CUMTAaTS XOPOUO CNeKUIAMCA YepenoK, Hornomaiouuit Baary ne Gonee 2% of cpoero seca.\IipH xanbueitinem mo- BveBHA TeMnepaTypht PawiH4Hbe MMH B paadiuniux TeMMepaTyPHEIX MHTCPBaAtax COXPAHANWT COCTOAHHE CeKAaHHA, NOCHE Yero, BCEICTBHe 3a: KPHTHA Top, HacTynaer BCNyUABaHHe Macc! B Pesyabrate ras00b6paz0BaKnun B 3aMKHYTHIX nopax. Bcaex 3a BCHYYHRAaRHeEM TARHM pasMaTualoTcA; cTe- Hewb pasMAryenHaA ONperessercd QehopMalnel nod HarpysKoH. Haxkouen, npH Aavibyelliem nOREWeHHN TeMNepaTypbl HatHaercaA MNAbACHHe, 19 NapakTepHcTHKE 1aBKOCTH é TAH CAYKUT CTeNeH, HX OF- fleytopHocts. Tog TepauvoM «orHeynopuocre> yeaOBLo Npulisto NOHHMaTb Ty TeMre- patypy, Np KoTOpoH TeTpa- SAP “HS HKCNbITyeMOR rMHEI (ctanaapruux ~ paamepos), 20 pasMaruaseh, KacaeTca cBO- @f BepulnHOM NOACTABKH. IHEYNOPHOCT TH 3a- 30 BUCHT OT COOTHOIWUeHHA KOAH- 4ecTB fIHHO3eMa H KpeMHe- Sema, CORepRAMHXCA BHUX, Hg OT KOaHYeCTBa H xapakrepa : malaBrel; ¢ yBeTHTeHHeM CO- 2 AepwkakHa TaHOseMa orie- = yNopHoctb Bospactaer. Kpome toro, Kak mnoxa- saa A. M. Asryctunux, Ha or- rd ueyNopnocT TAMHE BaMHeT Takke HX renesic. B Texnuxe o6kura npH- » HATO OMCHABaTh HH 10 TemslepatypkoMy unTeppany - cneKanus-1aBjAeHaaA, T. e; 10 ee footage rset a ee uuTepBany Mexay TeMnepa~ Typo Hayana ynaoTHenuAa Pue. 30. Heopmanna Syaieactos Syrouixenoe wepenka (cneKania) mu Tew- — MBM © SABMCuMOcTE Ot TennepaTyphl Mw nepatypoil, up KoTopof no- ABARETCH Aepopmanns. Oxe- BHAHO A STOT TEPMHH HE TOYNO XapaktepusyeT Mpomecc, Kak H TEPMHH «HH- TepBan cospeBaHHA 4CpEeNKa», O {eM yKe YKa3bBaNOCL Bbille, NOCKOADKY caM cTeMMepatypHbli HATepBal® saBHCcUT OT pexuma HarpeBanun. OnHaKo MBI 6yEM NOMbIOBATECA STHM TePMHNOM KAK NOTYTUBLNM IHPOKOe mpR- MeHeHHe, Temnepatypubit HATeppad cnekannaA-NaaBAenun OfpakiuMBaeT BOa- MOMHOCTS JOCTATOVHOTO YIOTHEMHA VepenKa, HeOOXOAUMOTO ANA npuAa- HHA H3AeMHH oNnpedereHHDIX TeEXHH4ECKHX CROicTB, AonycTuMOM nedopMa- Muelt hog ONpexeneHHOM HarpysKoi, HCNuITLIBAeCMOA H3AeCTHeM B NPOMbIL- JCHHEIX Mewax. Ha puc, 30 noxa3ana Aeopmalusa ryronnasKof KyautoRcKom Panne B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT TeMMepatypH Hu Warpysku. Mcnuiradna npomsBoAMAHce c Harpy3koi 0,2 4 2 xe/cm? vy Gea HarpysKu. Kak sunuo or 850 no 1100° KpuBle JepopMaunit ain Bex yKasaHHWX ThHex CAy4aes NOTH COBNagaloT: 3TO CBUeTenBCTByeT O TOM, YTO BHEIIHAM Harpy3kaM MpoTaBogeficrsyior SHAYATCABHE BHYTPeHBve cub! ynpyroctH. Ilpa Aaspueimem NosmineHHA 6 KA Hoxparan —w—TemnepaTyPH B CAYYaAX OTCYTCTBHA Harpy3kH H Np HarpysKe 0,2 Ke/cm? nedopmanna TAHHb 3amMeiaAeTCA, a 3aTeM HacTynaer BcnyuNBanHe, T. &. yBenuienve O6bema. Tomko MpH 3HauHTenbHO BHeMHeH Harpyske (2 ke/cm?) npeoposenawotca BuyTpeHHue CHK BCHYINBARHA H DehopManns MposoAxKaeTca BnNOTh AO nNoOAHOTO PasMArdeHHsA TIHABI. J. H. NoayGospaHosum 6e14M nMponssehenb ucniTaM@ serKkonnaB- KHX PIHH Pa3/IHGHNX MeCTOpOMIeCHH Ha setopManuio nox HarpysKoi 0,5 xe/cm®, cooTBeTCTBYIOULel PeaIbHbM YCNOBHAM OGKHTA B TYHHCAbHEIX nevax Mp BRICOTe CaAKH Ha BaroHeTKax nO 2m. Mcnuitannem onpesenn- ach OrHeyMOPHOCTh THK KaK NOKa3aTenb MPeNeNbHLIX TeMMeparyp pas- marqenus, Zlanee onpeneanaach cneKkaemocTs Muy, XapaKTépH3yeman OnHe- soli ycaaxoi, BoACNOroMeHHeM H OObEMHM BeCOM— Bs Npesenax Temne- Patyp 900—1250° c matepBattiom B 50°. Hue npwsogutca Ta6auia HTOTOBLIX MaHHHx STHX NcHuITaHHf. Ha- paay c merkonaaBKuMe# TanHamH 15 MecTopoxKAeHHA aHanOrHuHiM HCIEITa- 4MAM NOABepranach WATHeHCKaN OrHeynOpHan rma. Kak BuqHo us Taba. 15, OrHeynopHocTh BCex HCIBITaHHBIX TIMH HH3Ka HK xone6netca B ‘yaKux mpenerax 1180—1235°. Temnepatypa, np KOTOpol nepopmaunn nox Ka- rpyskoA 0,5 x2/em? nocruraet 3—4% H Bue, cocraBaxet 1050—1150°. Suecb npegxer zonycTuMOA ecopMauHM npuHAT ycnopHo 3—4%, uro naeT o6utyio ycamky no 60—80 aa npv BHCOTe caKH Ha neyHOM BaroHeTKe ‘B 2 4. Unteppan Mexay TemnepatypaMH Hauata‘cneKaHua H pagMarueHHa BCEX TAHR, NOMBepraBLIMXcA UCHHITAHMIO, COCTaBAReT BceTO AMMb 50° Hn TOMKO B OAHOM Cayyae (KpacnoflapcKoe mecropoxazenne) noctruraer 100°. TemnepatypHit qutepsan Bp 50° onpegenser TO ycxoBHe PaBHOMepHOCTH, Ta6anua 15 Hcnumanne 22un xa dehopmagui nod nazpysKob zt aha as Peis és fr a Hi BR e388 1 3 7 8 Pa6o1 it O6nac- ae eee rand 1220 | 1000 | 3 2.3 | 3.7 | 1050, 50 1220] 950] 5,8 | 2,1 7,5 | 1000] 50 1200 | 1000] 0,6 | 1,89} 14,3} 1050} 50 TH)... 1235] 1050] 6,5 | 2,14] 6 | M00} 50 Oe ‘ 1220 | 1000 | 0 1,94 | 8,87] 1100 | 100 Her act aici | | HE | $a | P| 3 || qT (Cwoaencxoh o6aacTH ‘ . " poemonron ve . he ate en 1210 | 1050 | 0,85 | 1,88] 13,9 | 1100] 50 Howocoxoabimueckoe (Beanxoayk- oe «+ e+ | 1220 | 1050 | 1,95] 2,1 8,7] 1100] 50 a eee si » . «| 180} 1050] 141 | 1,8 | 17,4) 1100} 50 epegy ONENRE _ CCrBBPOMOALCEOH T 66 | rosy | 0.4 | 1,22 | 16 | 1100 | 50 Yepemymmnucnoe (Mocksa). . .| 1290 | 950] 0.6 | 1,91 | 12,8 | 1000) 50 Becxyanuxoscxoe (Mocksa). . . -| 1285 | 1000] 2,4 | 1,97 12,2 | 1050] 50 Kyauucxoe (Mocksa) . 2... 1195 | 1000 | 0,7 | 1,81] 16,7 | 1050) 50 Jlatuencxoe (Boponexckoli o6aac- " eserusiadees ranna. ... . « «| 1220] 1050| 1,7 [1,9 | 12,8 | 1100] 50 orneyuopuaa ge ee 1670] 1100] 1,8 | 1,79] 17,8) — =KOTOPOMY HOKHO YLOBNETROPAT TeEMMepAaTypHOe None BO BCeEX ceyeHHAX news maa oGecnevenua KauecTBeHHoro O6xKura H GeaaRapuitnoh pa6oTu TYHHeABHOM ney. Vintepecuo conoctasvth npHscneuube pesyabTaTH MCMHTANMi MerKo- MAABKUX FANH C Pe3yAbTATAMH UCHbITaHMit TO TeM Ke NOKASATeAAM WaTHeH- cxoh orseynopxof ranuit. OrneynopHocts aToit r1uueL nOWTH Ha 400° ayue OrHeynopHocta slerkonaBKHx ranu. [Ip temnepatype oOxkura 1100° sta ryigua HMeeT HOPMaAbHbIe NOKa3aTeEIH NO OObeEMHOMY BeCy H BOAONOTIO- WLEHHIO UpH orHeBoll ycamKe scero Aum 1,8%. Xota Temnepatypa pagmar- yeHus AaTReHCKON TAHHEI He ONMpereTANaCh, MOKHO C YBEPEHHOCTbIO 10- TYCTHTb, YTO TeMMepaTypHLii HHTeppan MEATY CnekaHHeM W pasMArveHH- eM pape MHHHMyM 200—250°. Bosspameanct x o6aKHFy AeTKonaaBKBX TAH, BY KMO eme Pas aTMe- THT, YTO NpH MX OOXKHTE HEOOXOMHMO HMETb MAKCHMAJIbHO paBHOMepHoe TemnepaTypHoe none. B npusenennoA tabanue pesyiptaTos McnbiTaHHA AerKOnTABKHX KHP*, MHSHHX H YepenMdHbix TAMH flaeTCA MAKCHMAJIbHO fJonycTamad Temmepa- Typa o6xKHra. Sta temMepatypa onpeseanerca He No yCNOBHAM CieKanHA (BogonornomedHs), a NO YCHOBHAM Havata nehopManHH Tog HarpysKoli. B Oosbuuncrse cayyaes HOpMasbHaa Temmepatypa oGxKura Ha 50° HAxe MaXcHMaaBHO AonycTuNoA. Cnenyet OTMETHTb, UTO BCe HCNWTAHHA MpOBO- AWAWCh C OOpasiaMn, MOAyYeHHIMH NAaCTHUAEM dopmoBanvem. OG Kur HayenHi, NonyyeHHLIX MONycyxXHM “TIpeccoBanHeM, NOKasbIBacT HeKOTOpOe OTKTOHEHHE OT NpPHBeREHRNX nepp. Tipu maacruyeckom PopmoBaHHu B TARHY BBOLHTCH 3HAYHTENBAOE KO: ayueCTBO Brat, B pesyAbTate vero, KaK NOKasNBaeT CAMO NasBaHHe STOrO. Metoza opmoBatns, Macca mpuoOperaet mactHyeckHe CRoficrBa. Baan- MogelicTBHe MeaKAY AHCNCPCHLIMH YWacTHHaMyY PIHHH H BOAHNMH MieHKasia, WX O6BONAKHBAIOMUMM, NOM MeficTRHeM NOBePXHOCTHIX CHA NPHBOMAT X TeCHOMY COnUKERHIO STHX YACTHIL No Mepe YaeHHR BAATH B NepHon cyw- kx, B pesyabtaTe SToro BMeeT MECTO NAOTHAA YKAAKA YACTHI TAHHBI, cnd- coBcTByiollad NOABNeHHIO GoNbUIOTO KOAHYECTBA KOHTAKTHHIX TOBEPXHO- CTefl, 470 OYeHb BaxKHO ANA HHTCHCHHKALMH peakuHn B TBEPACA dase pH onpexeneuHUX BEICOKAX Temepatypax. I1pH nonycyxom npeccosaHiw MH HMEEM fe0 C MOJOTLIM THHAHBIM NOpOUKOM, B KOTOpb!! BBOLHTCS MeHBilee KOANUECTBO Baru, YeM NPH NAACTHYeECKOM CopMoBanHH. SepHH- cTaa Macca, Gyly4u CNpeccoBaHa Mp BEICOKHX TaBNeHMAX, XOTA 4 MpUI6- PeTaeT BEICOKYIO NpoyHOcTh B HEOGOMmeHHOM COCTORHMM, Tpe6yeT, OAHAKO, W Gonee BucokOi TeMnepaTypH Ain cnekakAA yepenka. Kunxaa basa, 06-, Pasyiomasca B NepHoy ChekaHHA Yepenka nostycyxoro mpeccoBaHna, NOs-! %KHA SANOMHHT HE TOADKO NPOMERYTKH NEXAY AHCMEPCHBINA TIWHHCTHMH yaCTHUaMA B Npewerax 3epen, HO HM NpocTpaHcTBa MexKAYy OTIEADHEIMH 3ep- HaMH-arperataMmH. Tpaxtaxa nontsepxnaet H3anoKeHHOe NOAOMeHNe: Temneparypa 06- Mura H3erui, HSTOTOBEHHIX MOnycyXHM npeccoBaHveM AA NonyNeHHA ApPowyHoTO H MOposocTOiKorO “epenKka, ZOAKHA Gbith BHUUe Ha 50—70° no cpasHenmo c TenmepaTypot o6XHra u3qenMh NaacTasecKoro opmosaHua, eyeT OTMETHTD, UTO OGesBOSAYMIMBAHHE CAH Oka3blBAeT ABHO MONOKH- TeNbHOe AeficTBHe Ha KayecTBAa 060% *KeEnHOTO yepenka, © 4e€M CBHAeTeNb- crsyioT pa6ota I. K. Cepreesa, oTHocatueca kK naactitveckomy dopso- Banwio. Ha pyc. 31 npwBegena 3aBHCHMOCTR Mey CTeNeHbIO BakyyMHpO- BaHHA aun Be3wimsakcKoro mecTopoxsenun (KyfiGtmesckxoii 061.) 4 TexXHBYCCKUMM NOKasaTeIAMH O60%KKEHHOTO yepenka, BbIABIeHHaA r. K. Cep- reesum. Kak nOKaabBal0T KPHBHe, C MOBHIMeHHeM BakyyMa ¢ 0 20 6" — 75 —700 a pr. cr. OGbeMHbI Bec OG6O%*KKEHHOTO Yepenka yReEAMYHBAeTCA C 1,88 20 1,95, mpounoctn Ha cmaTHe noBLIWacTcA c 225 20 600 Ke/cm?, mpou- HocTs Ha ¥3rHO NoBaeTca co 125 A0 190 xe/cm?, BoxONOrAoMeHHE mana- etc 12,5 no 10%, B peayanrate yero KostpHHeAxT MoposocToiiKOCTH BOSpa- eraer c 0,89 no 1,2, Iipnsenenuuie Zanubie oTHOCATCA K KyGuKaM, O60K- 2KCHHLIM NpH Temmepatypax ot 850 a0 1000°. . IIpx BakyyMHposanuH, Kak yoke OTMeNaq0ch, sMC- Nepcuan ranua ocBo6ox%KAaeT- CA B SHaaHTebHOH CTeNeHH OT allcopGupoRaHHoro BOSszy- Xa, BCJeMCTBHE 4erO BOspa- craet rHApopunenocre TaAHHBI CO BC@MH BbITeKaIOUMMH T10- NOXKATEALHWMH NOcAeACTBAA- mu. C yaacHiem BaarH yBe- JHYHRaeTCA KOAHUECTBO KOH- TaKTHEIX MOBepXHOCTe MexK- Ay wacruuaMu, a pu BHCOKHX TeMMepatypax HH- TCHCHHILAPyeTCA = peaKILHA B TBepAOH dase, TakHM o6pa30M, MOKHO yTBepxZaTb, iTO BakyyMupo- BaHHe ae BOSMORAOCTS MPH Goarce NH3KKX - TeMTepaTypax NOAYIHTh Te Ke TCXHHYeCKHE kavectBa vepenka, KOTOpEIC Tonyyawtca OGEIHO mpH Go- “ee BBICOKHX TeMMepatypax, T. @. BakyyMHpoBaHne Kak Our CHM>KaeT TeMnepatypy He- O6xOMHMOTO CncKaHHA Yepen- ka. C apyrofi croponni, 3Kc- TIEPHMCHTHE NOKASbIBaWT, 4TO Puc. 31. Sapnenmocts rexuuseckux moxasatenei BaKYYMMpOBAHWe SHAUHTeTb- oGommenmoro Yepenka OT CreneNU BakyyMupOBaHEN HO YBeAHYHBAeCT MeXaHAGe- — CKyKO MpOwHOCTh chpla BO ap mOnnOTS a SmaTG: | 2 CoueNMUD Oe: poummcor «BCC CTANHAX CTO CYLIKH, NO- ‘MoposcerofixoctH Morpena H OGKura H, creq0- BaTeabHO, YMeHbulact BeAH- URHY AetopMaluM MmpH BEICOKHX TeMMepatypax. B pesyaptate Takoro aBycToponncro Bosaelictaua Ha Tranny, BaKYYMM- PoBanue mpaKkTHueCKH paculnpseT TeMnepaTy PHB HHTepBad CnheKaHuA, UTD apesBuafixo BaxKHO NPA OGXKHTE AerKONAABKUX TAH. paptopozpie u cbatucoBLe Maccbl BEOARTCA CheUHaAbHLIe 106aBKu AAA YBEAHYeHHA KOAHVECTBA HKHAKOM cash B NepHoOR cneKaHus. Moxuo Cka3aTb, ITO npH HaAWunNH TaKwx 206aBoK (naaBHell) npH Goree HASKAX Temnepatypax Monyyaetca KOAHUeCTHO *KHIKOM ase TAaKOe Ke, Kakoe MOTO Ob GbITh MOAyYeHO B TOM me Macce B ee ECTeECTBCHHOM COCTOMHAH, Mpa Harpese 10 Gowee BEICOKOM TemnepaTypLI. Koansecrsessutii poct *Ha- Koi tbasn: Npu Stom O6ycaoBAMBaeTcA THGO HHSKOM TeMMepaTypod N1aBae- WHA CaMof 106aBKH, 1WGo O6pazoBanHem SBTEKTHYECKOrO paciapa mpB B3IaAMOJeHCTBHH LOOaBKH C OCHOBHOA Maccofy — 7% — . : Aoeven npowuccmu 0 arene 0 100 200 300 +00 300 600 100 Baxyyn 6.1m bod.cmQloneswe wats MAH UX SaMeHHTeRH, BBOAMMMe B KepaMMuecKHe MaCCEE Jf OOpasoBakta AHAKOM das, He TOAbKO MAaBATCH Camu, HO H pactsopatot apyrHe coctasuue Yacru stoi Maccwt.) Kpome Toro, maga cnoco6crsyoT O6pa3z0kaHHw HOBLIX KpuCTasHUeCKAK thas. HanGoree 6.1a- TONPHATHLIM NaBKCM ABAAIOTCA KanueBbe WNATH, TAK Kak Cc yBeAHye- WHeEM COMepKAaHHA Kata NOBHUIAeTCA rycTOMAaBKOCTh. B CBA3H C 3THM KO- AMYeCTHO NerMaTHTOBLIX NaaBHel oNpenearneTcH cooTHomennem K20 4 NazO- A.M. AsrycTHHyk yka3bBaer, UTO ecyilecTBenHOe BIMAHHE Ha Ha4aAo HlaBleHHA H Ha MOHOe PacntaBAeNHe OKa3HBaecT pasMep 3epeH MONeBOrO muatTa H HHTCHCHBHOCTh NowbemMa Temnepatypbl. Uem Tonpule sepHo WwW MeANeHHee HarpeB, TEM Hie TeMNepatypa NaBNeHUA H TEM Gawxe ona K Teopernueckofis, Inanxenve noseporo wimata B KepaMH4ecKo Macce MpHBoguT, Hayunan c 1000°, noctenexHo K yNaoTHeHWIO MaTepHada H3Ae- aux, Gaarofapa gelicTsHIO MoBepxnocrHnoro NatAxeHHA pacnaana. Pac- NjaBlenHe CMecH KaOnwHa H KBapla C MOMeBLIM IMaTOM BRISLIBAeT 4a- CTHUHOe PacTBOpeHHe KaOJHHA H KBapla B OOpasyiwulemca crekne C H3Me- HeHHeM yAenbHoro Beca paciinaga 4 noKasaTea NpezomseuHa. [pH stom yAenbunii Bec cbaphopa cHnxaetca ¢ 2,61 npu 950° zo 2,48 npw 1350°. Paaanuuble 9KCnepuMeHTaTOpH naloT PasMHYHble BEAHYHHB PacTBOpH- MOCTH ksapila H KaAOTHHA B NOCBOM MiNaTe B S4BHCHMOCTH OT BHA ero: Ha 100 2 winata pactsopsetca KBapla oT 4 no 70 2. KaoMuHa — OT 14 20 36.2. rHeynopHnle, asncopie 4 capdopopnle Macc mpHobperaiot Bu- col NPOWOCTL B PesyAbTaTe OGPasoBaHHA MyANHTa MDH TeMneparypax ux O6xKura. Tlonpnenue *KAAKOH has cnoco6cTByeT pocTy AMNefMEX pa3z- MepoB xpucTanos. 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C OW’HD MAJILIM COLEpKaHHeM KUCNOpOsa, C Tem uToOut OCYINECTBHTL Mpoltece nepexona OKHCHBIX opm oene3a B 3aKHCHBIe, Boc- CTAHOBHTeABHaA CPeNa CO3MACTCA OKHChIO yraepoga, KOTOPan NPOHMKaeT B nop yepenkKa coxelictayer BOCCTAHOBICHHIO OKHCH *KeIesa. Tipu mMak~ CHMANbHOM MOmbeMe Temnepatypbl no 1230—1250° u BmepxKe npu Hea cpea nomepxKHBaeTcA B HefiTpanbHom cocTosHMy. Ecnw Macca comepXUT MOBMIMEHHOe KOAHYECTBO KeNeZHCTUX COCAMHEHHA HAH APyrHX serKonsaB- KX Dpymeced, TO HeOOXOAHMO CO3NaBATb BOCCTAHOBHTeIbNYIO Cpeay npH Gonee uuskux Temnepatypax (980—1000°), c tem sTo6n soccraHosneHHe OKHCIOB %KeAesa NporeKato M0 OSpasopakHA SHAYHTeNbHOrO KOAMYeCTeA *RHAKOH dase. \ —7—Tlockoneky Jerkonaakve TANHEL OGLIWHO ABARIOTCA BEICOKOKEeNeaH- cTHIMH, B BOCCTAHOBHTEBHO! cpegze NpoHCxXOAHT nepexoa *MOMESHCTHIX npa- meceil B JerKONMaBKHe CHAHKATH *KeNe3a C BhIMeNeHHeM ras006pasHHX coenuHenni. Tasoo6pazopanue MOXKeT BH3BATh BCNYYHBanHe H3fenHt npH Onpezenennot CcTenenh Hx PaSMATYCHHA. 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