Please list, explain, discuss, comment to your classmates, and give examples of the four major goals of

punishment. Use outside sources and cite the sources properly in APA format.

 Retribution
 incapacitation
 Rehabilitation
 Deterrence

In order for a punishment to be justified, it must satisfy at least one of these criteria.

Retribution

Corresponds to the "Just Deserts" sentencing model and is the earliest known rationale for punishment.
More intuitively, it is punishment inflicted on a person who has infringed on the rights of others and
derserves to be penalized. Retribution is oriented toward the past and is concerned with the 'eye for an
eye" or "You do the crime, you do the time" notions. The felon harmed society; therefore society is
entitled to inflict harm in return.

Incapatation

the use of prison or other means to reduce the likelihood that an offender will be capable of committing
future offenses. Seeks to protect innocent members of a society by way of seperating offenders from
the community to reduce oppurtunities for future criminality. All in all, incapacitation only requires
restraint and not punishment.

Rehabilitaion

The punishment changes the felon in order to make him a better citizen, rehabilitaions goal is to restore
a convicted offender to a constructive place in society through some form of vocational or educational
training or therapy.

Deterrence

The threat of punishment deters people from engaging in illegal acts, deterrence criminal sentencing
seeks to prevent others from committing crimes similar to the one for which a particular offender is
being sentenced, by making an example of the persons beng sentenced. This is implememted to instill
fear of punishment with the overal goal aims to reduce the likelihood of recidivism.

Schmalleger, F. (2014). Criminology (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.