MINISTERUL EDUCATIEI NATIONALE LCERGHIT LT.RADU E.POPESCU _L. VLASCEANU DIDACTICA ‘Manual pentru casa a X-a, soli normale @ EDITURA DIDACTICA §1 PEDAGOGICA, RA. ~ 1898“Actwatal manual i eproace ps in. anal 197 ire teeece Uno Pe oira vam op s0N 979903711-7 ‘accents CCopyigtt © 1998 Tote crepe stupa aos ti ‘srt rezervate Edt doce 9 Pedagogies, FA cea ‘pw in — es ea of i 1 Bice eure pnd a pce eet RSSEY a manne os Sie ec 1 Cospenenice poco de hina ‘Bierce ene Sightseer prope ii ere 2 SSSI yp de ent ‘cancer oth peeal 6 dat JK eon ie pcm de mt ee Sa Coit nde 2 Nine ete wate a, Re Seer ea i ‘aot eats na a ag» aii eth ‘opuaty Meade mice de tnt 2 none mio ce pean ani ante 2 Need aloe separa 4 Ske cor tine esi par ice aeex eases aLexie. A (it nt AG kes peacoat de Snips wfc acs Sie dat conv mn mi ii ate ee ace Modur i forme de rganare procs de ins 1 oem rcs eine, Me otnn de ogame poe se ann feat nets Sa 5 Se inshcgt ei ERR S I ss iinacate Kean ra pce Le ee ee psn mies CE Spa ce Sstoomisre en copa Inder ror wae cmt Proecteres cial ldactce sn sen eet eta ea te gp tt af 1 Dela omg ee Eset nt, Bisse ae 58‘CAPITOLUL | PROCESUL DE INVATAMANT —OBIECT DE STUDIU AL, DIDACTIC a PROCHSUL De TvATAMANT — cas ue Ae argentine’ 9 $4. nel Priv in propecia semi, cola repre am aman. conponcate elon ona inert cre aia fein 1 tema, ot uit, umd relatea aioe cece tie plaid’ Tet components predomi ales sca sea eo snc, Scare (aie) popes Se reateor val, emanen| ese ate apo eee = ae : = ta atten sae? = flag de — timp soolar,. > & a ee ey eter ee eae pee aes Ce Cant Nip ears tm (SE pool as cee Sy eae ee pe tp Fo Cert ea pes nh Sea a oo (Produ! rpreio vezaiailaofeite de you see gl anwwe- vt ghee ee ‘Stinnett a en a mae ee Epler merge ees apenaspe v4 5 prez de tama z “ ‘pmponente sum chasderste i cauzePeic, care favorzead acide de preare seer oc os Pesere Flux de intr Flux de iegit aaa | | proce at Seat Syeheat itn sane Pretest, fe de atu “eon roar (ones, | |{> fame poten cece seme eat = Scere prin ec) st te = ton ee [fies ate eprom "page aces ccoponamine Cuponcate interarunce Mind aces se ve staat proceuall 2 Idina in son ai Desigr-cca ce denomime fees de Svan repress ost arca clenyals cca tal importants 2 vail procs pean ntact on Dino Jo ale pe de acti proceeal de naam repre ol il lt ape a acti ae sae gas de mole «persons Jer Aces ese un proces progres (pial sstemate nani Seep intemiv de inroducere» cops i ante conoyteis a ‘Tnone de raonformarea neil Ii conor; cle wm POs PS Surolo promaue act, barat pe sleionara i scart sit & Sor contour restate 1 pe eforta volunar de ava feel proces de avin cepeind 0 vst acne de mele 3 pescnaail xpi pio fa), ce are fe Ini ambit etd Peveoars In cae opereech ce maximum de ilnsate conte (it) rine, lear, thnin-pracic ler ete, scjonate sae frte tec scop, pan e cet it WR Sun Inert, deed bun petonl 3 leat Mae se explichdece proce einai repre praca ml prin cate soitate post isrit § euc,an dupa, tee geri, Ggonbiatce oredr conde acs procs ees Ge ‘Deon flu dey po cae af tn preghves pen vg mush extort tint wide ee societata aco o impor primordia Fectejonde sf moderna cotinue # ab tate aspect a pros de esti, ment fin psc cle ms ot ace ale ee hi, AM catur co ceigete aia inal le Genta save. Ace, ‘ten impertv maor ex 5 Tj yoi de tone grate \ 2 DIDACTICA—TEORIE GENERALA “A PROCESULUI DE INVATAMANT j) | «ei sensi tiesto gee opt ase th owes “disease vn din pT Tae nor Bnei cael yore oie incl pe dts resend —red Fieger oda ete pon a nc HEAT Cencroeaes st cenit canteen peal fi poiey7'A-comcann (290 TOT 0 atc aes nc Srp fiactice Mages (aie ence su atu 6 inh (io oaey . eda one or prose de peta nar arma cael feo loess rouse ip needa tS _possthT de MUNMGAL ETOCS cae ie dade iA mE ca Reaiesje ager seve oa o problems einai ce ronansase See ceacte tw epee proce, In sen nil tes de sven noel Ge aa e 0 ie pe a, Te I naar tone ps ean eet wt orien de ocr stemmed eat vim eeu: nl Su test nsf aa estate forele pe tae wets inns sain eencourproveull de predaesavare saeco siines toate daele propel sas azteca semniteaye pedagogic ale aor inf (psiolope,socologe cola i teoria informa, ciberneuch,teora conduceisuinilice “= ‘etvitiilorsocal-amane, pranilogle cl) sh oere 0 imagine de ansamble ‘svpraproserlul de Inaqimlnt in coca ee privefc astute obeclnelo 9 blectvele, principle ¢1 coninuterl, metodele, miloucle i formele de te, implicate in organiarea # desfguraen acsty) loss aed so atme concn plop unl» i aceasta Const deoseitea sa eseaials If de dais empiric, bath pe pein, pit, pe ner eo ‘Drie se 1 op chborsca bale tere ais gh conduceit, plies, ai Poculat de lavage Exe o guys ica mijonc te soars are ide a mosels in cane! ast, proce iris ee» conor op. oeegorare valor reso unane wea le eh ‘DAES mu ote o gins Sow decreas» former inne wn cep pad mello een ne) one ena cca sel by). Es incl epic cle ma iene de nate Teal gf prdty aed cam tubule rocturate copia petre» wat or ra roesire aerial re ave inte eet ct abet = de, didscica generals, +34 dezat sl docile speciale Inj sugereeh combina de metoge (nciale:metotin pris mst rom, melodic predart maiemaica ie), Aozses stains ricleak practic dexgar pred 6 de insfiming Sspectele speci, apie, pe care le {ert tora gecrll «proces de ins|smdnt Dar cee pes BU el pe aver, rele ga jung al (Senna atresia gee ‘i sea a -aeaty "Gui se adreseazd didactica gi care este importanga didactici? Didactica se gens clo ete urmesok ab aume sarin Inesn 9 Inu invjrea in ct, color ere se prqaeee pena 2 imran 0 profeune Gucic, Mal coc, armies aire vitor vaste Ppoteor in sspecce Tandameslale ale cori g/ pact procs de Presse invjrecwstnre Dar ea ste wll idiionlor i uneiagr fairl de condnoere sin ivf care doree abl aclualiese sau 341 Ferfecjonea caoqinile despre proc! e iviamant, ab familareze 63 mile vent epee In net omen, 0 Wf ingles de elev, determind succesiones optimd de ~ Timea eusopnflor de didactic ate 0 een pe termen She tn mpuntiien Iams, ntact contribs Is formats gh prfecionacer| ‘competi profesional diacice = ivsitorior sf roforio, ex exerci 0 Infvens pried modelatcare supra comportamentelr acesor tn as In col, in general, seypa stim Inova creas pedagogic. Stade idea’ denols capachaten tviftorlss dea conceptuaea procesul ae fnvilimint, de a emit Ipoteze valde atapra module in cae wimex 5 tzanizee isk condush ae proces in eae cl este det implica. "Uiimele decent au fost 8 ese, ek pee, eres tuijie pertinent Newin unet ,iavel continue? etinsd pe tnteg ‘percasul ves din anh cops # pind a Diteine|e, «ea YOTESP “mete per iaen prin sine fst, petro antisense” (auton + didskein ~ 9 ae Snoa pe sin insigiy “Avemeneaaeceilj“au" Tigi Sonserabil ala de preocupSri pliable a diac, Este adevarat, autoesruteapresupane un anamit iad oe matuae intelectual; ea devine posi iacepiad cu ani preadoles- ne gi adletcenfel. Da, ied dia primi ani de yon, col rebuke tj tne (ou siting generals) § fda cum sd tnvete (ca deprindere, de Timpusia cu muned iodependents, cy siferte wehaicl eficente de munch Inlet, Tn alata scestor aspect, eidactca poate ofert numerous sogstt pear Invi efval de autoiestrule al Invitorula, ca parte faterant st eseniall 4 asvtl Iu de autoperteeionaze profesionals continu, 3. PROCESUL DE INVATAMANT CA RELATIE PREDARE-INVATARE-EVALUARE in smal profane, noun de’ procs de Havin ete let de” cea de yatsorate(chinare sav motifcre). Dit dare ce aso ou ora” Cush inlegsm mar ajo ses Inc, om porate" on, pe cit de pint, pe at de ata av ame: {0 cichintarefpscmprement india Er rae ere ie prog: Th apd desea ce se Tn enh ae, poceiige IneAnlot vee st provace schiare in timp.Tn spain, BEA fipelenjeor de camaro, afety-ematmaa sna valu, eR acestea vind capabiie-w'yenera, mai depart, shim in a)cpnpariamenl ye sn cnr depron eimai demic ose der sae Sih a a ee PMEGIFEA proceseli de invayimint este acl, @ maghelé ete tn esi Horo) AO) cb, crane pedgone nat ae ‘ 8 reales? ‘ees virion suena “ Poeetal de ivifm in dincsiate ta conate: in dius snc ca proeere proce ny setimarl eipeenictor de upul coor amine, ineoniae Pnieare a tesene co care rvig difetse tpn de peace 2°6 seastormate 1 tn deensune maith tne seen se Indeamnd la nol ein " cei pt ces denna eprint en aatenl ue eBerator de 20 comportamen es ex cones fa Aandios laborator vi", oe a uno" ample. prounde I de : ‘arf tees de proces ocd Iniotéeauna © duals aiden co pede 8 pare,» unor foe fae pun sa Iles? SWI lon ole pute enue nun fenametile ce alent proces eiimint ys veel ance tem ste digs Be 06h pa ain sani pe i ee ee a fptrte (2 id pc Indep obit seen) ‘ean =o jr cane plone personal cree ge pablo ‘Ber open poopie "Si predare #lnvijares se constitle ca atv de baal aleprocesuar Ge nvagindad ce font evengale le ocd wii glare, oj com 6 fal J aceste dowd ati fundamental nu st 2, in poste de imps ictef de. ldturare ecanich na ff de ala; impor, ele sunt Parables afin stdns leer de eifTOSHTS comapindu $e organic Stor Contar-tren saga” pros, aii sero, ere sigs ‘rea iw senor invita for Eas proces Sts ae cope nt acne comands te co oh conde intra, elo i situa comnts srstra can 08 ona pe tare webu gb1 Injen sa co srt de acini ordoat, deste formic or eprint mentale sa practi. 2 Activate editor dace ee sim prep mote. be ist indie, ea de Indymac avis elev Peace ie ‘ens del n misor ncaredterind un eft crepe de traps a ‘ate eel. lip ine, rosetta une me pet cnfl tues pee es bata ‘senla plocesulut de ivSiimint rexih ioensi to acest wate iteces, im organiares opting a interacien favilre ap ei . "sod oat eee Gisenne rohit pes ta ofan tense et {Gatan ecient a R 4p destagurares et, a dit peta de inns co nasin dae pce 9 ota te She eens nce lt fac dtc mode 5 ik te WRAL S ak = no meme Dac eip cng dus Telfoeint wpent ca peta Geet oe itd coh ao ont aaty oped pm megan eae tel pen Se ‘atin Baha caplet eG mavens tao npn ‘Se, uate pee sen tea evo a eh tee esi pet bn tj x pool Se pede A inoue tor inet sa me 8 meal Fe ‘avai ‘one peel @e vind we detec execs ng ite gash. x ait. fans (ondament sas ‘elas, deeb pin “inl, notwafe meodlope Desh acete wet fun conopes atonal Sea pres wai ‘ear dinte ele It plsteadteeturie o peice, cate sant preeetate Ta ele ce urmesci (6 excopia evr, cela I exe rezenat um expt de sine satat0 Vom aorta priate explicit pedagopce a tap, deorece 0 Inelegere a acs laut decide pespecton nei mai bane Tle & predin i- INVATAREA ‘Cercettrile recente au schimbat in mod radical teprezent marca een spe arn fe a sans tines Pups o odie Hai comportement ndideal aid expen! trie de sabec, ca rspuns" be infueaiek ‘motile AceastE Sehimbare re ‘deli otal mare capatate de syne ‘Desigr, i aspecele generale ale inv ne preocups il fnvjorea olan euproblemele pe cate en le ich. Cera centres, de data acu ent mode prodese In comportamentelclevlv, ca umare xpi epg. ce) cpr can, Mapa, confer ind 6 asupra medial Tu de exisenl 5 ‘spud strcersiy obser $f (ae avaea cate se produce in conde acti amblanelgclare (ale net act pedagogic), de tajarea cre apate ca eruat al pedis, Pav din aceass perspei, invar Hanne etn in eis sponta, — a poss pet process, invaare ete Injen Si seveniment interne, cong aie in © itervn tn setae de unopne n opraile mente, {2 modal de fetecare 9 rela 1 compote ale eleva Ina repress de astro ce mrp des imine lo noon, dea defn te pind, de In contemplreseasiblsIa nde si acne, Se la ‘Emp aim, dn simple imps la rt enone, ela fre vech 4 comportare la forme note eeaes poner intl do a7 a Ea sa aon ce ‘roa ii cep Es duce a eaboratea anor produ cre aa caste 4 comin sf Mepe alkane ale deol ideale ar acest a "nda lo, devin puncte de plese mecansme interne ce sna fou procs de tare Tn acen sens injarea est pest io legit cy sero, i ria lao aie Dephind 0 veshe sem din beratra polo pedsgogc de plas sum, ‘SSUGAREA mu mai este consderaté cao simpli problemi de asimilare, dé ERE 1 aps conten, lta eu pati op scr aut nec oe ie, ag “ pura int sndr, cx inmate de canons 9 hy we mat ln, mpi ci ‘fautonase in. pecaneap 2 goon” penonle cfc lf Tse weatayy Concret ac 9 coma al loa cnn In Input ol @ te dowacore reac ia sea inp, se Waigin cctoaae gj wn, Exe ctor Fire sonia de-neconcopaltve 3h oper ese raioaliare ‘nnnue picscae seman, ana interested wor ten sue cenogin de nopent nara ate 0 temas rows in pal, cles cour, obra an 9 SER wat a Sea vee scene eit Ati, npn : "Pica bn a elt ace tigi Asa dup cot 3 peuete ofcare component kt proderea bv propre abe eae condoms de experi souk ce tale sat 9 Geum nba omen dat cl cre ia Dar cero ford ees tipeenyiCsctie Ge plat som nal ch socesel ei const {Fives opt mest expenege im anges toad eleva wen SNputenel ste De temple sipla letrt 4 wet lei in manoal we Stren acpi Inspr ce Noma lectrt sa, pnp, ce ‘tue eteefetoul sata eles pond im mire lon {Tuna ae ince be soci imap ie care tenn fe Fenett eons si emoine intense eve sod Son de fleece {Tmemorine de nae i interprets ete se tadue, co aerate {eimajae. La itan curl cu once a tee ww state propos Sor Numa epsent Wiki cu intense ju tneagy fin) ex ln_misrs si Soanere 0 nouk expriens. api ak gente then gots ‘esis ines co proces, impune, aa, wp eae sustina nea elev fodamena pene o are cen: SHC Iason fie doa ccerina acest anger sa partipre ac» level Preocptnduse ge mai bane orga a expres nol se peespane ‘Aa se epic, de ae, imports care se coh we pono ‘civ, apliwnor metode stn-prispatine in pace ch. Prin crea ce inv, cop se afapeaa at cenne 41 oMialor feo Tnteags uve yer te tn fond, un putea ance pregiior Beni vig mone, pote o intepare ana. cette + ort Shsohent inactivate soi pofeonla dea trie Theterc aprons cx rods iia repre of aN eae ements ane, Ts tl Breed depiner mali de gine de apes de acne, fomportimente ste? 15| { Dt pn de dee tema, mae at a A ae, al aa Bir ane Sa how cet ete er wade eae intervenjiet pedagogice). pecan posses Ce SORT a a ae ee Figisete gat ele exe! para doylat cet canons ce Sar wane est soa? vi = ial ene a sitar na ar re ice al Menon care nena Siem npr ps a ke se SST Sear ta ind Yn pret sent coratay seat in Te es {err Wik evirior, sunt independents de cle, prvie Sn Spcticnl sain | © rare FTE denumin cond euerne ae WALT aC HUIE ae Torch i ck uci rms, combina 3 ambeloy EMepOit de cond, de Wide weceiatea cinoienP (Giese seston # Sey ae Seago, gine pf exinca nh aot Noid! (ecidinte bolo REE Tae deehare fick sre de snte ie), ae (GMis‘e mn de ator polo (potential geste tect, ela Testa ictecae SE SOTB sus cgntne pelo ‘Mig ‘gine, memorie, napus ccs otal» ajc, seer sclpemonaitate nel de cud ger epics cx ua {thle munch metal ts ec pont pens I} Te Sins Sma exege ota tesasre uncle pene. cp de oxuntareg sos He nats ecient Ogi, cum arf sem og fevife yeolne fobiectre), coninotr,calltatea instru (metode,prosede, iscpi didacce et), eaaciersicl ale clase de en (ambianf3 pines? Gos), penonaliates 3) competenia invaatorsluk relaile. Ivara ined! fe scolar 3 typ geoaf ec, Alte flaca extrne su de nara rlomeand tnivect 1 pot's8 vind din parica mediuli tril ‘ifs Tocl (arban-rora) etc: (ez ig 1) 7 Pentru a doven ficient, ivjarea media fcolarprsupe tuturor condgilor sau cauzelot care inipun el sau alt Concord la objnere rezultatlordovte.Organizaca yi crelarea cu mult git {tutor aelor condi, detetate Inaini ex clvel 8& le introdus i stays fe tnvdyre sau pe prcursl favdfar, consituie o sarc primordalé a invitorulu,acesteoperai fae parte otegrani s obliatrie dim proiekarea Ss progiiea ativan sale de predare 16 | (far naoge cee z Seommaae || 4 in j re Tra Ts er dir tee eee ‘TIPURI DE INVATARE rt tebe de paolo, exists 0 mare f momeronse Inceret de cafe & fancteristie, aantje ‘Aga com peta constata In vitae de iat de ivajare. Exist estore, Desgur, cate tp de lvdjre are tee I ‘limite vain vor frente cle prezenate pe at aco. ‘Se pone th wrmtoares Inuebare: Ce tecvenl are impli rier ‘punt de experiene de lavajare in cada proces flmint in cicht primar” sau Ce tending se manifesth Punct de,soere?” ie prim rind, se remarch o gam foarte Lagl de tiputt de experienc ‘4 ivan (impliate te tvitanasal claclor I-IV). Toate acest s rst {Th vrila modaitaitor de predao, nsitmurie de monck colar n ivioracea seit de Imdjare 4 eleor. Se pone mare scien pe CONF Aierielor ipa de ivr. Thal doen rng, exit tenis so rece tot mai mult Pat star TER ea ‘area_prin erate Gree, invijarea pri reoptaea comnieiit (orale pe lneqatvarea de conan deja elorate 5 pei eperinih sO, "ese ae (ae po soceatel Spe sliares formetor ”nape simple, de manozare reproduce) sre uur de tre Sagas Scr Fr ena ‘hierar nao, Tvlfate pin dere seein ie ia, Tvare pr rezolsie de probleme, ‘ave pr eeresare, lvjare pin depen, Inbjare ret lava bn tte alectivt ete (eae puhacenll peSborareseronalt Reporter PEI an fre sate ae sun senate Pe ee, mu ste lips de lRpOrne entra Wevit eoth normale rctares trl pin Pare (lind. pe ais nee. Din act Pet. de vedere, prednes ate o cae excelem pent propia invjae, Gece loi ein accast nsttope pot din plin benefit earal past pedi : PREDAREA ous ie Seater cere ae SASS Sag Sem tes cae peonamctoe asco eres Ss gaa ‘tro soul expariefi de cunoastere ‘ee oo Sea 5 prces mtu shir (pein otic de wm = detemias commu acetor seins = = 2 onpiz $f ina produceresschimbaior = 8 onpaniza conte care tavorizeaah api shinbisitor respective = + conto preci nll nce renal tenia scone ‘soncretizate in rezultate ale invijéri ete. sa ‘tn pe sc ca anton Dac a ditactes dina preaes fst reds mat ltt 0 ‘teste de comes, de iasnlre » coeycon, ts dete trt, n ates mourns, ‘mint mane et ace ci de pli Inport comune, pride se ‘See 8 a ml dct-comencae ~ ee wn compet et se sea, s ents sb ea fot ‘seme Inspr denon vee erpmi degen eis preci in funcle de misera fn care ea dovedeste ‘ae prezetare 2 ‘predates capa nfelesort ae tacoma a ots pl tal sae conucre a pcs de var cence pesupane serra tant ac puniae pole, ce orale cordon $5 chr pire, de somancare smal e onl iene Sle tuo, de cercoure invere 8 proceso de haji ‘Stun pretren eter va imine, i Punt pore 0 acne de comunrare de’ sol conotn sau Ge preven, 2 ailor cont de {Sard p mane Pne neat cp Sn ‘eons faependet ceva, cose exist esse ape sti cae Fear icra gen cu Idan pin dscoperve eu metic Toe. Spe Pe angh aces fmt comunici,predarenfce opel a lp de comontive care Indepingpe enol ake fnciy cae i frma wet secon chon scenonr tal, orale se srk) pin ered ‘Stor nvagiont ene cecite tavairit (ace canoscat_elelor oie swans me een rele co materia aoa e iva = Evpinincrs cian, Geneve. 1 conte care iat imi ae impune succesiunea fazelor si evenimentelor de invéjare (care sea sick gare «slo, © dome acorn de ae), eect ceric sov epee de ae a ibStces rea toners fora de ere, dep pr Aeipae a evo ‘asigurd rejinerea gi transferul (aplicarea) cunogtinjelor, = Spe tetnl,ealecal poms — Siesta ‘greeile de aa T Sheovned yi roienos meri vie ce ‘Gumse pone sos, predate softer ma mama esa cee inure te np tc yt stain pregtie a aceon ter m elunea sutras lege dat te, pec 8a Tip Ge sci sce Pretend eat, honk te are fi procure, de. resborte sau petpopiae + Neen emean ep en pe oop ene. eS pee ie: .De cau © prodac col comenicaea seta? su De ce nue itsean ce tout reper: eee oes ‘pans scat lb tenors aati plone cet ak sai lt tl prt, sates tin i ee sumer. Dictate dts se ecope thst et ae py @ fi de emitere, a ni " ‘Acca inscamed force form de comoncre epind.i rima eg ce aie neon soe oe 2 comet cata pres ‘saat pane de pence come pene ina dts rin, efcainescomusicr de tc al recpori, de score mena tnt! commie are in paren plied emis recepions acemile sttuctrara loget 4 pasicinten expr, aspecte cate tn, ioral, de relate favtoeten nde de aly denote iV inp ne Seta, te Nol cneny ote vet inepa ara speech sess sen omnia pena ea ince IV dpan de pes ce 6 al fe emai een om ne de Inelegere ra wescy Pit a sscajie poste pe cae eels ie Ea iis ser ls pop e epee aos Ale! ch tee a 4 rent covne alee de cont fae aed a i sie 4) de adele tener Ase o print erin» eee eine pe ae i etn posite asa as tito 4 cunoascd foarte bine nivelul de cunogtinje "i vocabularul ~ fbr xc imran petra vl tec cosas me erie Se cane Inge 1 aoe aise comin se condoms de stem de coe fect Atel tasers uni mes) unrenuaes seeupeee a nmi reipec wares oor sete spec 4usoy nee cn tel cminlogl speci, «unl lint), (Col ete os canny ile or verte 5 evra) Darla epic ape Sind notsauns veri wf decaf ech 6 as ‘post recente de cev sont reformatted pe ‘du personal de refers constant fonda de 5 sroctara caostneor sf noleior pe care acc Realasten limb nue ash Invites ele. De exemple feitiv sca: de aceen este —g eee ros rh ce roi earner ara cee pms ae pron tt te Se ce as Scie Sse ease eee ee ae eens oS ee os oe See eee See aes eo ee pd grierteony eames a ee ea pee eee cere ee ee See ea retains ee epee erty Sooo ao BED ey ieee once ipnreb tench Soe oes See eae Papa peered ganglia ieee eer neem ee ees ee er ee ene ee ee ee eee ee eee eS ee ate eet nae a = ‘Tn fine, pot apirea dificultdyi si din cauzd ci uneori lectiile a a tes ene oe Saree craton masinert de intormaie ere ar pte expan foptime de ce ele5, COMPONENTELE PROCESULUI DE INVATAMANT te sci nr epee ea Ca tind, Somponsse cael leu, prem ta itercpscae alt pallor Spree wom sin mal fos eee ee Te Jefe Smtr eg ao i seni rs ae ae ona anal! stem, A. TEORIA SPATIULUI DE INSTRUIRE ee compen ite (ain, edi cane ee) ae el a Se at Pas ite ne re ce ne al a ao a woe oes ee a ea ici baci oa pans mt hee ot a ee an aie enone Se a a wil pei seca sts an el meee, te =e nme du nb COG rine ‘~Cum* (Cum-vom face?), - ” eee ee mes ae ge ea eee Sey ep east aera 2 oi ieee rete rans speniir 2 open ¥ cae eee aie Cen rer cereees saan gee pe ee stig ne pe te ce ae reas a ee apt ee tO Se oe er (ray ee nee sae fee a a 7 at vi tnimpti Acasa ey ht procedurt mised pe iden ef “ roost ge Inesimtnt poate t rionalict Adit, decompas Is Papeedie ae) Clea lene component in" oe ‘perp, cu eliminates aor de a aos 9) neefisente 4 pl re Simp me even rg 2 Ino. combinje opti, dems © int een a Ne seats a poe Dochetnecats SAT Lae ed a pene cea eer ee suplu, Usind Joc mencti independeme $i inigiativel elevilor, dat rexpecting re mame pa cate eacarsetant ere were ete ere Sennen wens ars eet a ree Cor ree Seco SP coe lane tants wes sic sts adr yee ce sant eee ae erne Caen ane pian sa eeoneh acetic ea a eens eee en as Se cages ne ec ae tie ee (ae at cece romani ttt anata Pen secre i i gt mete poet ies Ae a eta ae B, INTERPRETAREA PROCESULUI DE INVATAMANT CA 0 INLANTUIRE PROGRESIVA A SITUATILOR DE INSTRUIRE os sraltine of maiaue our, fC caine‘rn plains, stayite de-tndjare devin staple inoue, $e connie ino scene progress interdependent desta dprodare ‘tntare (toa pelagic) snainteprovrte Flea siuaie Bf propane 2 genres 0 anemexperint de ire 58 tvrizze producer nv dove Tn torical, nese ste sat eclen care diol vars 9 ie dn imensiane (nstent)temporsisproesuel de ivajimint Timeacionen dnie intr 91 opi, cine predate st lvdjare se ‘lira unel situa pedagopice concret je denumim lege, este 0. siuaie de nsec). ‘Da ce este 0 style de insrute? Care este confguryia ei? Ce face fnvsstoea aflndu-se im fa une! situa instru? © siuaie in pate fanlzas din perspec pibolopis 8 pedagogic Privitl din panct de vedere pedspogi, ea poate 1 sbordaté in doss ranicre care mu Se acd, ci sunt complementare — una sracturall alta xperinla “Anal strucuralé pune accental pe eraminares concretd componen- telor st varibilelor care dau co i analog — xperienali — se liiteazh st puns” in cxden(s expercaja de cusoastere antrioar a elevlor cu cae se lcrea,pornin due de ups care Icral cel mai important in organiza eneh not inva! este conosstres| onde de cunt gi deprinderi pe cate elev it posed deje (Ausubeh, ‘Se cut, dec, identfiarea cunostingeor achiionate gt wile ca suport pentru © nous Invjare previzad, bili intletuale formate ete Revenind fa analiza Sructurals, se consierl cf o stuale do poate f examinats $1 modelath plecindu-e de a asamblu de patra vi Sanam: — um comet dat (meal scolar imedia), co aspectele Iu soeisl-mane (esoune-ivijtor, clei, clash de elev etc) $i materiale (circumstance spatio-emporale mediate, materiale didactic, mijloacele de invijimant cis- posible te), = 0 imervente pedopopcd (actiunes de predare) dependents de séopori i objective cominstor, metode, priaipl, regi ete: = un proces de vare (ain partes elevior) 51 — un final sau un ansambla de ruta sa peformonte (coneretizate a unogtnge Insupite, ability! formate, atitudias 91 sentimente caltvate ee} (fg a once stwajie de insruire sunt activate, agadar, diferite componente $) Fela deinterdependengi dine el, astfel inci st rerltelo adeevarespecifick 4 actumior avajStorelesi. Flecare dine varabille care inervin aici are faracterstiile sale, de acces aciunea lor concomitentd determing studi de 26 dou sai de lasrlre abso ert pepe dooce. Dhersates 9h cero : feetttes steailor expe dive Siateastratgilor de predare : (Gidacice) tla sais 7 Contucerea processlal oe yer ei tee Inviyamdt presupone dtinivea =~ varane fapionals a fest site de is Siruire, oaccasth—privingh : Tevdisorala) reve src Seacare mace fete (aeger, preci, oF unit i reali) stagilor de Fetrate ‘cence in sae, pin ig ¢ Stacy wc ree pe suecesionen tor, si dijeze ‘net de nie Tnvajtea, Realcren acesel sarcini U0 obligh 58 problemaie specie lecirei teat & pare, si rezolve problemeleeoecese Peso ried de ecare dat $i acest nu Sunt pin. Zi de x, nj fe sede confront cu nenemérate probleme spice sav init, ce cet TReoare adecatd, solu orginal, init, cteaie personal. Sunt po. Home, de selecve. si -efinie, ea gra, 8 scoporilor gi obietelor {dca de pedepopizae a continstaul dat in manalst scolar de lege ‘hetodeon, proceeclor 31 materitelor dkactice potriite; de elaborte + STracplor de aciune adecvte; de optare pentru un tp au al de experi {cima ce vat propes levior de labora apc + uno instrument Ge evaluare, de tence 2 unor conezipentro activites imedints 20 - Solujionarea problemelor respective sugereazi indeplinirea a tot attics funcyt ale prediit NU potini pedapogi definese ari dsactica dept tdi finite st Organic situailor de fnesare (insta. C. ANALIZA SISTEMICA A PROCESULUI DE INVATAMANT ‘La nceputul acest capitol ai potat contac proces de tide! se comport x parte in apor cu items In cares ined isin De date aceasta, vom prvi procesl de invlkmdnt tse tm raport 8 Ini strututd ccea co va completa anaizle precedente a/ de sees ‘enmente ee Acestea devin Fettimdnt. Caroseate $1 rational Aepeadenlarecprocs, toate neste <2un anrambia coi (ih care famcionead ca un to iter fa ‘cae Sine pcoaa ene PO une oe fannie ttl) cont eo et een ce ee en negra rg fd 6 se rep hh ea il el mg ce epee a rca i Stn Sie ite a fh Sich ah npn tl el ine ope pon epee ops ine — oie ee tats wear snerrapa, fe complstate mjc ears lor copra Bh ah iepombiite + fcorior dawn ec mae at a Sar anc nas rs ear Pec pe cele een oe am A fer ct er na ee a oe ) soma ate Troe ae 2 coarser tre sbi so ga acne sre gl — ce “r= Pile nome reins dup cce se Stout scien istic ont — ocaph 0 ponte cei, preci propre de pear jr — sect eas in le Aisle componente ached trnsermata Tor S—imtte 3 prover unten — iasrmene de ers O7— Pesursele materiale! materiale didactice, mijloace de invayimAat etc; Fy ra proett sruchrgh 35 formete de organiza ale cctivig® (olecive, ye micograper, ama tes SN I sate cis fms gard, sm oh ed wif a ee eee cae ' ae ta tS saa A a fs oti th Sted seer eee cee oe Cans caleeee ees as oe aspen oe en gesenipommendiopenndnmnnal penne emere ee eo per aptoenal ioe eens Pe ta tei cs acoam aala pr eregeiecpaactningeeetageimpe yr ec em a ae oa aa ene, He: ce See) eae ora t Ee oe ee ae cage ane Re gs or ee ee ae atein pone tet eet 2 oper Fe ce tees an uo omy sa et tcl ome er sont “intligenja acestora, starea de pregitire generald, stadiul de jniglectualf,” influenyele extrascolare $a /$i, “see ow ee sR te Se Sea ed cor ers a ces ah nv Gite 0 ‘sarcind il ns pce it 4 ares ee Se ae cect ns sino oat Ce ee en Sern nen a ne Steno on ee ea "= Placemincs aa ete eu mot nara cette Sa sat nce ee sme a are ec ae ok name a al tne 2 tru focionl ce fomen ne fal nae ct se ae pm cata en ce i ecko Cet tie SSucbty, sob, probe sere ec) semnslen P04distributes cunosictor, nsooala moderad proces] de tavdjiine 30 — = Spin ms ‘sme ints, = sotto zi catty tet ~ come ‘Conerune ier 16 Deterinuautr erte le ceStml pce egn Inve mod de destyrre 2 Socrepego dena Seana eset ifomaj ines ce wits de tmaor fea pan ‘olde inion, pentru opie rc, pat eae tel, penta coecaren presen, tepgics sien ‘Fam. (vezi cap. 3, principiul asighririi conexiunii inverse). . tonne, sien sutemetocrs 2 amet poe roceslut de Savipmdat si tial ste, ‘obtinute, tm mod eoncet, i reralitle steps x tares obietvetor- In functie de nec, rbleme pe cate le implied optimizarea organic i destiguarit proceslor de. precae. indice, Conduceréaproceslul de invajamat poste cipsta 0 mai protunds tunity tare sini. 6. CARACTERUL FORMATIV-EDUCATIV AL PROCESULUT DE INVATAMANT. ‘Sore dcosebre de tnvijiménte tations, centrat pe cunoustere, pe ‘iaiek ‘alt easpra nivel imple cunontr, simple ussite a ogtnje Plaats preocepare ene cum Seatac in fences a © tm elomest motors evel oi a omar sadn ftom ‘ahi, at promovanl dealt personas eleva te Rvp ac ate poe 3 In ee informatie et aformapie + fain] Fomans 9 euce a stp. ’ "rk a nsocot cia de puin importa cunoqinflor, xe my viele ae tn vedere accetuea crater formatter a pcan, ae ivijindt, ea cad sb sore private eduet gt foray ae, Insect Th inate acest tpt, care dicipin care se pred In primar amend sd devote In med specie anumie capicia sa qe Prince, ca de exemple ~ iatematia — gindves matematics; = eanojtinele depre nturk — indies staid; = ima romind — eapoctatea de exprimare, diseiptnee arse — imaginal $1 formele de expres atic edueatis fact — expacis otros — tucrat manual — motivaya mone ee 5 toate Ison foe, aseipinele propun i simuleze denote tne proce cali general umape, cu af cute, spl e oben, ‘piel emcee de, a pices see, eatlycate, tae, mode ivf a muna ete Tasujre de conostnj consutue, de semenea,premisn formic was formarea comingeror ia, Sewoltara dagosel de adear lar momentle Mective cae lnsole peda, vin sf inloenexe dexvotaea atitadiior, #8 fpiitezetransfomaten co Jorn. convngerl, sf formeze, In mod progress, cute, sf caine Paousmul, siceriates, onesies ee. Tesu contenalpsibosocial In care are loc Savarese de ee, ‘mltuinesinterrelapilor et umne, constitie premin net wef elie ‘eal, inciraté cu atiea elementeemulaive 4 stimulate, care cae ‘denoitarea simjolai datorei, al rispunteri, al discipline, al respects reciprocal prieteie st eolegilist et Nu inimpltor se retunosyle cls proces! de tnvdyimdar contin pricpaal mjloc de eGvea, de preie pena vag mane a eleior ne ‘Unites entre cele tet anpecte (strctiv-ormatin-oaty) consti © ering legit organizi gl destigrdi proces de invita sink Instn, jenna ex peta a sbtenatn proce de demote 4 Folelilornedeermante pe cr vn ear pte eno pe ‘propre lor for. Inerairen gt educara, mediate cola, repent un e ajutorare de modelare a deol indviulul (2S. rane ”Tnurires prin tste mijfosete 9 in snes pin os fe iaueniet formatne 41 educative a sadn aS rt a acorn, an sa aloe penonaliai, devine cst na ecesiate obiectvl, eu clrpregitired elevalul este pret don ng ‘enter etusailpermenes cscs pind ca heer mina Sea fvele independent si dupé incadrarea in mona ee na nae i ep instruire, formare si educate. (Didattica “tmodera¥. se dentarthepoen, was igs een anes ne dt Me od ce a ana ae ga eh ta seer a oe Gl one tet i wae ate . ee Seen te Seat see ie Se eee Se cert sre em ee sat cree se re et cee as roe mete Sas sims ee oe cae me cera pte oe ee acer ee era eas erm ca seo one co : si a, i rae ae aa ee es pepe (et et eee at el a ay otis mcr a eo er te ca Practice, sf continue sd 2 sage innit ura + senha pt» cise tant ngte Dat athe aepesh« peas omaha he a a eehiiaets taal 9 on ae a ee Seach done ote darter ee a bun adaptive a parca lewor, expels lot devia Ia poste by ren moe 3 efclon educa este condo ide presege ustani™ pe stare St 9 demonsteae intensified rele sale Co 1, Deen pai pa de ie let 1 Peels tne ep ac pat Be ans arp Smt eat een Cop fom conor er ar etl pen a? «Bo od oe ce anges enn! 5 ete iy on Dep gc mea ie Set t's slats oped ide TESS omar titont pots hae con! foment ron nanit 5 A da OBIECTIVELE PROCESULUT DE TNVATAMANT Beware gy ‘spent ese, oem tat de iat scope! i obec, le srtegice al on fate thon in smaaa a norte pe call soci

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