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    (Paata Gaprindashvili) Imagination in Chess How T PDF

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    Imagination in Che How to Think Creatively and|Avoid Foolish Mista Paat Gaprindashvili t Imagination in Chess How to think creatively and avoid foolish mistakes Paata Gaprindashvili BATSFORD First published in 2004, reprinted in 2005 © Paata Gaprindashvili The right of Pata Gaprindashvili to be identified as Author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. ISBN 07134 8891 3 ACIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means without permission from the publisher. Printed in Great Britain by Creative Print and Design (Wales), Ebbw Vale for the publishers B.T. Batsford Ltd, The Chrysalis Building Bramley Road, London, WI0 6SP wwnw.chrysalisbooks.co.uk Distributed in the United States and Canada by Sterling Publishing Co., 387 Park Avenue South, New York, NY 10016, USA An imprint of chrysail Books Group ple A BATSFORD CHESS BOOK AUuURUne Contents Foreword Progressive Thinking Reciprocal Thinking Reciprocal Thinking - Logic Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea Mental Agility Mental Agility — Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea Imagination Solutions to Exercises Index of Players 40 56 87 103 109 131 152 275 Foreword Chessplayers possess plenty of manuals on tactics, quite a few textbooks on strategy, and stacks of books on the opening and endgame. Yet there are hardly any publications dealing with the main thing—the process of thought, the evaluation and development of the brain’s reflective activity. Tt is to these issues that the present work is devoted. The author would like to share his ideas and the pedagogical material that he has accumulated over many years of intensive labour, Over 700 “fresh” positions are collected in the book, incorporating a variety of schemes of thought. Attention is drawn to the role of logic and resource; light is shed on the problem of imagination. In sum, there is much here that the reader will find useful. The book is intended for trainers and competitive players. How should you work with the book? To make the best use of it, we recommend the following: (1) Carefully study the introductory article to the first chapter. (2) To consolidate the material, solve a few exercises. (3) Go on to the second chapter, and proceed in the same way. In other words, you need to acquaint yourself with all the theoretical material and then extend your mastery equally in all directions. Asterisks above the diagrams indicate the level of complexity. The exercises should, of course, be solved without moving the pieces, though an exception may be made with positions on level four (****). We believe that regular solving of these exercises will improve the cogitative action of the brain and raise your standard of play. ‘The author is grateful to those who helped him collect the material and who collaborated in the production of this book. 1 Progressive Thinking What should I undertake? How am I to continue? Chessplayers are faced with such questions at every turn, To answer them correctly, you have to perform a specific task which comprises a number of steps: (1) Study the position, that is, identify all the tactical and strategic peculiarities of the configuration of pieces and pawns. Note the word study. We are not talking about “evaluating” the position but about “studying” it, because an evaluation just by itself (without study) doesn’t supply the key to farther action. For instance it may be a case of “White stands better”, and a young player may give the correct assessment—but he won't know what to do next, What is he to do with this “better” position? (2) Studying the position generates ideas with their corresponding “candidate moves”. These ideas aim at exploiting some particular character iestics of the situation (the characteristics you previously identified!). (3) Now calculate the variations and assess the positions to which they ead, In other words, weigh up an idea and assess it for suitability. (4) If the verdict on the idea is positive, you carry it out, that is you make ‘the corresponding move. Let us take an example. Toshkov-Russek Saint John, 1988 White to move 8 Progressive Thinking As we study the situation, our attention is drawn to the following: (@) the opposition of the queens, and the fact that the bishop on d6 is to some extent “hanging”; (b) the alignment of the king and bishop on the a2-g8 diagonal (the pawa on £7 is pinned, which means the knight on g6 is unprotected). ‘Such are the tactical features, Of the strategic ones, we notice: (©) White’s pawn superiority in the centre, and Black’s on the queenside. From the above, some ideas and “candidate moves” emerge: (A) White could try to pick up the bishop on d6 by jumping to bS or £5 with a knight: 1 Acb5; 1 Baws; 1 Os. (B) He might attempt to win the knight on g6 after clearing the pawn from 4; thus, 1 ¢5. (C) He could prepare the advance of his e- and f-pawns: 1 @de2; 1 Wd2. ‘You might ask about the order in which the candidate moves should be examined, The answer is, first of all look at the most promising ones, those which are forcing and tactical in character. Only then examine the moves which aim to carry out a strategic plan. So let us proceed to the calculation of variations. (A) It’s clear that knight excursions to bS promise nothing good, while 1 AES doesn’t lead to a forced line of play, and would require detailed investigation. So we switch to the following possibility: (B) 1 e5 —a fairly straightforward analysis shows that White wins. The verdict on the idea is positive. The move can be played. As you see, then, we never got round to examining the strategic moves 1 @de2 and 1 Wd2. In the game, the continuation was: 1 ¢5! Qxe5 2 f4 (the knight perishes) 2..Deg4 3 hugs Dxgd 4 Rel Hads 5 Ded ... 1-0. In this case the winning idea was “on the surface”, the variations proved very simple and White didn’t need to “dig deep”. Let us visualize the scheme of thought like this: 7 homany—t ay NEGATIVE POSITIVE : VERDICT venice ey — 4 a 10 —— ' 7 Progressive Thinking 9 But is what we have said above realistic? Usually it all happens a bit differently. When a player turns his attention to the placing of the queens and the vulnerability of the bishop on d6, and notes the corresponding moves I @cbS and 1 @\dbS, it’s hard to imagine him not looking immediately at the capture of the knight—I...cxb5. In other words, a preliminary, cursory inspection of the elementary forced variations takes place as soon as the idea emerges. In this way, idea “A” is discarded without more ado. Next, the player will notice the opposition of the bishop and king, the pin on the £7-pawn and the unprotected position of the knight on g6. The move 1 5 comes into his head, and he immediately starts working out the variations. With this, the preparatory work is practically finished. The player will dispense with any further investigations, He will re-check his variations and play 15. eos. ‘NEGATIVE POSITIVE STUDY THE VERDICT VERDICT POSITION, (a Se 3 6 N va a It’s easy to see that this scheme differs substantially from the previous one. If idea “B” cropped up first (as well it might), the scheme of thought would be simplified still further: POSITIVE ‘CALCULATE; VERDICT ASSESS THE |] ——— IDEA We will agree to classify this scheme as progressive thinking, by which we mean a simple, straightforward train of thought, In chess.as in life, battles are fought between ideas, As a rule, the more sophisticated ones prevail. We now offer 180 positions for solution, which we hope will help young players to pursue their mental development and conceive new, interesting ideas. Progressive Thinking 11 10. Progressive Thinking Black to move Black to move Progressive Thinking 13 12. Progressive Thinking 20 14 Black to move Black to move 21* Black to move 5 Black to move Black to move 14 Progressive Thinking Progressive Thinking 15 Black to move Black to move 16 Progressive Thinking Progressive Thinking 17 Black to move 18 Progressive Thinking 7 Progressive Thinking 19 Black to move Black to move 20. Progressive Thinking Progressive Thinking 21 Black to move Progressive Thinking 23 22. Progressive Thinking 24. Progressive Thinking Progressive Thinking 25 89 90 95s Black to move Black to move Black to move 26 Progressive Thinking Progressive Thinking 27 = 100* 105* 106* 28 Progressive Thinking Progressive Thinking 29 i* 112* 117 118 Black to move Progressive Thinking 31 30 Progressive Thinking 128** 127** 122** 2. 130* 132** Black to move 129% 131* 124 126 123* bbs 32 Progressive Thinking Progressive Thinking 33 133** 138* 143* 144** 34. Progressive Thinking 14see* 147+ 14gee* Progressive Thinking 35 151*** 152*** Black to move 1ss#* 36. Progressive Thinking 157" 161** 15ge#e* 163** 167* Progressive Thinking 37 164* 166* 168** 38 Progressive Thinking Progressive Thinking 39 175" 176*** 2 Reciprocal Thinking After noticing an idea and briefly familiarizing ourselves with it, we pro- ceed to its detailed examination. What do we do if we find that it doesn’t work? Do we discard it and try another one, and then the next one and so on? Then do we come back to the first one, and study it more closely? This is hardly sensible. If we fail to make an idea work, we need to stop and ascertain the cause of failure (i.e. answer the question “why?”), and then attempt to correct our design. Let’s take an example. Aronin-Kholmov ‘Yerevan, 1962 Black to move It’s interesting to acquaint ourselves with Kholmov’s comments: “Black’s advantage is undeniable. It looks as if 32...2d4 would be very strong, removing the last obstacle—the knight on f5. But then there could follow 33 Dxd4 We3+ 34 Shi cxd4 35 WxaS, and White obtains saving chances based on the threat of perpetual check. This variation didn’t satisfy me, so my thoughts took a new direction. What about 32...Wd2 ? Then White evi- dently has to play 33 £12, to defend against mate. But after that, it's simple: 33...Wd1+ 34 Bfl £2+! 35 Sxf2 BxfSt 36 exfS BxfS+ 37 Se3 Wefl, and Black wins. “That’s it! I've found the solution—let’s go! “And yet just as my hand was reaching out towards the queen, an uneasy feeling came over me. On 32...Wd2, White has 33 Dh4!. What then? Black Reciprocal Thinking 41 would gain nothing from 33...d4, in view of 34 Wxd6. The threats of 35 ‘We6+ and 35 Wxc5 would be quite unpleasant. After a little more thought, I came to the conclusion that the knight on £5 had to be eliminated at once.” 32,2xf5! 33 exfS Wa2, and White resigned. What did Kholmov do? He corrected his idea. How? By altering the order of moves. Let’s look at another episode from play. Purins-Inglitls Correspondence game, 1971 White to move After 1 Wxd6+ @b7, or 1 Dxd6 hxg6, no decisive continuations are to be found. What is White to do? 1 Db5+!! An important interpolation! With this intermediate check, White causes the long diagonal to be opened, allowing his bishop to join in the attack with tempo: 1..cxb5 (or 1...&b7 2 Dexd6+ a6 3 Ac? mate) 2 Wxd6+ bb7 3 Rxe4 (check!) Dc6 4 Rxc6+ Lab 5 Wa3 mate. Therefore, Black resigned. By inserting a useful intermediate move, White brought about a favourable change in the position. Thus, an idea may be corrected by: (a) altering the order of moves; (b) inserting an intermediate move, ‘A simplified representation of the “reciprocal” scheme of thought would look like this: 42 Reciprocal Thinking POSITIVE STUDY THE ‘VERDICT Bete) Ge, a I - fs CORRECT _—_——_ ‘THE IDEA ‘THE CAUSE A problem that many young players have is that they don’t think about the reason why one idea doesn’t work; they set about examining the next one straight away. In other words in the logical chain of their thought there is a link missing, namely “ascertain the cause”, and consequently “correct the idea”. This results in missed opportunities and a low quality of play. Experience has shown that the reciprocal manner of thinking is easy for a player to develop. 183* 185* Reciprocal Thinking 43 182* 184* Black to move Black to move 44 Reciprocal Thinking Reciprocal Thinking 45 187* 188 193 194* Black to move 46. Reciprocal Thinking Reciprocal Thinking 47 201* 202 204* Black to move Black to move 48° Reciprocal Thinking Black to move 212* 214 Reciprocal Thinking 49 217* 218 219+ 220% 50 Reciprocal Thinking Reciprocal Thinking 51 230** 2234** 2248+" Black to move 225*+* 268** Black to move $2 Reciprocal Thinking 235*** 236%** 238* 243** Reciprocal Thinking 53 242068 54 Reciprocal Thinkin, Reciprocal Thinking 55 S 1S 247 249%" 250%*** 255* 256* 257* Black to move 3 Reciprocal Thinking — Logic Quite often a player succeeds in physically eliminating the reason why an idea doesn’t work. This is achieved with the aid of logic. Sax-Partos Biel, 1985 White to move The straightforward 1 Bxe6 &xe6 2 Exe6 looks obvious, but then Black parries the threat of 3 Bg6+ by playing 2...Wxc2. 1 e4!! bxe3 Now the queen can’t get to c2! 2 Bxe6 Lxe6 3 Bxe6 Lf6 4 Bxf6, and Partos resigned. In this case White eliminated the direct defensive possibility (We8xc2). Now let us look at another example. Reciprocal Thinking - Logic $7 Bednarski-Ghitescu Bath, 1973 White to move White can’t play 1 2h3 because of mate on g2. 1 £d5! Depriving Black of his counter-threats on the long diagonal—a logical decision! 1..xf3 If 1..,.exd5, then 2 Hh3. 2 Axc6 Lxc6 3 guf3 Luft 4 gl ... 1-0. Here White parried his opponent's counter-threat with tempo, that is he deprived him of an indirect defence. POSITIVE STUDY THE ‘CALCULATE; VERDICT POSITION > ASSESS THE | —————> 1 IDEA 6 a SGATIVE NE 3 NVERDICT 5 Loaic <_<. 4 58 Reciprocal Thinking = Logic Reciprocal Thinking —Logic 59 Sometimes more complex cases arise. Lukin-Yuneev Leningrad, 1989 261 262 White to move The knight on al is short of mobility. White can try to win it with 1 Bc4, but Black replies 1...2b8 and saves his piece by exploiting the weakness of the back rank: 2 Zicl @c2!. So let’s try to stop the black rook from coming into play: 1 Hd4+ &c8 (the square b8 is now inaccessible) 2 Ec4, and wins. However, the king isn’t forced to retreat to the eighth rank—Black has 1...<2e6. Well, can we deprive him of this possibility too? 1 e6+!! fxe6 2 Md4+1, and Yuneev laid down his arms. In this case, how will the reciprocal train of thought be schematically represented? POSITIVE ‘VERDICT > > 2 x. 6\__ NEGATIVE 3 VERDICT NEGATIVE, 5 53 VERDICT Locic <_—_—_—_————_ 4 LOGIC —————— 7 STUDY THE POSITION 60 Reciprocal Thinking — Logie Reciprocal Thinking — Logic 61 Black to move Black to move 62. Reciprocal Thinking ~ Logic Reciprocal Thinking - Logic 63 Wi, yy, § Black to move Black to move 64 Reciprocal Thinking — Logic Reciprocal Thinking ~ Logic 65 289 290* 295 296 De Black to move Black ta move Black to move 66 Reciprocal Thinking —Logic Reciprocal Thinking Logic 67 Black to move 68 Reciprocal Thinking - Logic Reciprocal Thinking - Logic 69 Black to move 70. Reciprocal Thinking - Logic Reciprocal Thinking —Logic 71 328* 333 Black to move 72. Reciprocal Thinking - Logic Reciprocal Thinking — Logic 73 74. Reciprocal Thinking - Logic Reciprocal Thinking — Logic 75 356* 349* 7 @ fe we ee a aoe mia me ee 352* 357** 358° 76 Reciprocal Thinking — Logic Reciprocal Thinking - Logic 77 Black to move Black to move 78 Reciprocal Thinking — Logic Reciprocal Thinking — Logic 79 380** a EY Ve Oo Ose 2o 08 f 375* 376** 381** 378** 383** : 384* Black to move Black to move Black to move 80. Reciprocal Thinking - Logic Reciprocal Thinking — Logic 81 387 388" 393"* 389" 390 Black to move 82 Reciprocal Thinking - Logic 39786 401* Black to move Reciprocal Thinking — Logic 83 407** 4ose** Black to move 84 Reciprocal Thinking — Logic Reciprocal Thinking — Logie 85 4ogee* 40% aise 4l6ee* Black to move 413 4l4eee 4l9* 420** Black to move 86 Reciprocal Thinking - Logic a Black to move 4 Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea Sometimes, to carry out one idea, you need to find another auxiliary one. Gulko-Vaganian Reggio Emilia, 1981 Black to move Black is in a difficult situation. To save himself, he will have to pick up the hrpawn (which is a long way away) and get back to the f5-square. But analysis shows that he is one tempo short. His position looks hopeless. 1...@c5 2 bad Playing 2 h4 would be silly—the opposing king is in the “square”, 2..e4!! The auxiliary idea! By threatening to take the ¢3-pawn, ‘Vaganian forces his opponent’s next move: 3h4 After 3 sa ed3, the game would be dawn. 3..d2d5! Reverting to the original idea—the route to the h-pawn is now one square shorter! 4 Bad hes 5 has S15 6 xa? ded 7 Hb6 Sxh4 8 He5 Spd! But not 8...99g3? on account of 9 d5! &f3 10 ed4, 9 Sd5 SS YA 88 Reciprocal Thinking - Auxiliary Idea Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea 89 Ss ‘THE Ss (x) THE (x) 428* Black to move 90 Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea 91 437* 434" 435* Black to move Black to move 92. Reciprocal Thinking - Auxiliary Idea Reciprocal Thinking ~ Auxiliary Idea 93 442 443 448 44gr* 445* 450* 4si* 447* 452* cok he Black to move 94 Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea 95 456 457 462** 463*#* 465* 96 Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea 97 466** 467" Black to move 469** 474" 415* 476** Black to move 98 Reciprocal Thinking ~ Auxiliary Idea Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea 99 4TR*** 47geeee Ag0* 48i* Black to move 100 Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea 101 49o"e* ao* 496* 497* 493" aggre 494+ 495** soo+* Black to move 102 Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea Black to move 5038** Black to move 5 Mental Agility Every chess teacher watches his pupils and evaluates their mental capabilities. One of the criteria for this evaluation is their mental agility (quick-wittedness, resourcefulness). This quality is easy to detect by means of tests. Let’s look at the following example. F.Olafsson-Karpov Valletta, 1980 Black to move To find the winning idea, you have to show resource. 1,.Wb1+! 2 Hel Wa2! A delicate manoeuvre—an ambush is laid for the white queen. On 3 He2, Black has prepared 3...2\d2+. Therefore White resigned. Regarding the development of the mental faculties (and resourcefulness in particular), heredity and the age of the pupils are highly significant factors. As specialists will tell you, at the age of three, children should already be receiving a large quantity of the most varied information. This fortifies their nervous system and advances their mental development. Subsequently their brainwork must be stimulated by a variety of exercises, problems, puzzles, etc. There is no time to lose—the older they are, the less chance there is of developing their wits. We would strongly urge coaches working with young chessplayers to use more exercises with original, unconventional solutions, since it is at a young age that mental agility can be successfully developed. This quality sometimes helps a chessplayer to find the main idea in a position, but far more often it comes into play when searching for a auxiliary idea. The exercises offered in Chapters V and VI can be effectively used to assess your mental agility, but not to develop it. 104 Mental Agility Mental Agility 105 504* 505* 510* Sul* 506* 507* a) he 513 508 509 sae oc Black to move 106 Mental Agility Mental Agility 107 516* 517* 522 523 518* 520* 521* 526" 527 Black to move Black to move 108 Mental Agility 6 Mental Agility — Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea ‘Think about the following position and find the strongest continuation. Behrhorst-Dizdar Berlin, 1985 Black to move ‘Now let us follow your train of thought. What did you look at in the first place? You thought about taking the rook, didn’t you? But White replies 2 ‘2h6, and by threatening mate he recovers the lost material. Next you will have studied the logical move 1...h5. Its aim is to drive the queen off the g-file and thus destroy the mating set-up. But in this case logic is powerless: 2 Wg3 h4 3 Wed. It is only after this that you go a little more deeply into the position and unearth the winning auxiliary idea. In the game, there followed: 1...f5!1 Unblocking the seventh rank with tempo. 2exfS Exd1 3 2h6 Ba7! 4 Bel Wad, and White resigned. ‘What helped you (and Dizdar) to find the winning auxiliary idea? Your mental agility and resourcefulness, I believe. It is something you must keep testing! Mental Agility — Reciprocal Thinking ~ Auxiliary Idea 111 HO Mental Agility - Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea 533 534 POSITIVE STUDY THE lls Position | —> ae ae ' 2 6 NEGATIVE 5 3 — —_— 4 112 Mental Agility — Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea Mental Agility - Reciprocal Thinking - Auxiliary Idea 113 543 544 Black to move 114. Mental Agility — Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea oe Black to move 553* we Za py © Y pe te a ee Bee os eel Sees Black to move Black to move Black to move 558* ae @:eemre) i ate oo. Mental Agility - Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea 115 7 116 Mental Agility — Reciprocal Thinking - Auxiliary Idea Mental Agility - Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea 117 ad 568 573* 574* Black to move Black to move 118 Mental Agility ~ Reciprocal Thinking - Auxiliary Idea Reciprocal Thinking - Auxiliary Idea 119 575* s76** 577* 578* 583 584* 586* Black to move 120 Mental Agility — Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea Mental Agility - Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea 121 Black to move 122. Mental Agility — Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea Mental Agility — Reciprocal Thinking ~ Auxiliary Idea 123 601 602* 607 608 603* 604 Black to move Black to move 124 Mental Agility - Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea Mental Agility — Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea 125 6ll 612* 617 618* Black to move 621** 622* Black to move 126. Mental Agility — Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea Mental Agility — Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea 127 624* 629* 630* 627* ose ms om come Black to move Black to move 128 Mental Agility — Reciprocal Thinking - Auxiliary Idea Mental Agility — Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea 129 635e* 636** Black to move Black to move 130 Mental Agility - Reciprocal Thinking — Auxiliary Idea 64ge* 64g 650*** Black to move 7 Imagination Kronlack-Kneller Liepaja, 1972 White to move—assess the position ‘The kingside pawns are blocked, and there’s no possibility of creating a passed pawn on the opposite wing. Does this mean it’s a dead draw? 1 2d6 2c3 2 Se6 Lad 3 M2! Ph6 4 b4! exbé If 4...2xb4, then 5 ‘&xb6, and the a-pawn is set in motion. § Qb3! Extraordinary! The bishop is walled in! It was soon all over. What helped Kronlack to discover his remarkable idea? Logic? No. Mental agility? Hardly. Imagination? Of course! That was what led him to the thought of shutting off the bishop. But what part did knowledge play? How does knowledge affect imagination? Let us take an example. 132 Imagination ASelezniev, 1923 (conclusion of a study) White to move We have shown the diagram position to many a junior chessplayer. The task—"White to play and win”, or again “White wins in one move”—left them bewildered. Hardly anyone could find the solution, Why? Let us look into it. Two factors should be noted: (1) The pupils possessed the indispensable knowledge for solving the position; they knew about the right to castle, (2) They also knew that castling usually takes place at the beginning of the game, and that if it doesn’t, something will happen to deprive the player of his castling rights. In other words, they had systematized and generalized their knowledge. As a result, the children subconsciously inferred that castling must be impossible in an advanced stage of the endgame. It was this inference that prevented them from finding 1 0-0-0+, Most of the small number who did give the right solution had come across something similar before—see the next diagram. ‘mate in one move Imagination 133 Discovery of the solution made such a strong impression on them that the idea stuck in their memory. Thus they found the concluding move of the Selezniev study with the aid of an analogy, that is, through knowledge and recollection, What about the remainder of those who found that move? They had managed independently to rid themselves of false inferences restricting their imagination. Let’s take a practical episode from a game between young players. Kamsky-Tiviakov Daugavpils, 1986 Black to move Of course, when Kamsky made his last move, 4\e2-d4, he had considered what would happen if Black captured on that square. Yet he was only think+ ing about a knight exchange, which is characteristic of such positions. The unconventional move 1,..5xd4! escaped his attention. After 2 &xd4 e6 3 e3 eS, Black emerged with an extra piece. Why did White overlook 1...Sxd4 ? Kamsky (just like any other chess- player) had probably seen a knight exchange dozens of times before in this type of position. Black’s surrender of the fianchettoed bishop, which in most cases runs counter to common sense, was something he had perhaps never once come across, His knowledge had become generalized; for him, the knight exchange had become the typical precept. Hence 1....xd4 was subconsciously excluded as a possibility. We may say that imagination is endangered not by knowl generalizations from it, for they entail various subconscious inhi yet generalizations from knowledge are a human characteristic that is essential to life. How can this contradiction be resolved? Clearly, the ability to think in a non-standard manner needs to be developed in young players from the time of their very first steps in chess. This means the coach must not merely impart knowledge and teach them the principles and methods of combat, but also demonstrate exceptions to the tules, and, most importantly, stimulate their own investigations. 134 Imagination Imagination 135 653 654 659 660* Black to move Imagination 137 136 Imagination Black to move Black to move 676* 675 Black to move 670 669 138 Imagination Imagination 139 677 678* 679 680 685* Black to move Black to move 140 Imagination Imagination 141 691* 692 697" 698* 693 694 699% 700** Black to move Black to move 142, Imagination Imagination 143 703, 704* 709 710 705* 71% 712* Black to move 144 Imagination Imagination 145 713* 714* le 716*** T2144* 17 118 Zao 724** Black to move 146 Imagination Imagination 147 725* 726 731* 732* ages 728 733* 734* 730* 736" Black to move Black to move 148 Imagination Imagination 149 7438" T4aee+ 740" Black to move 747448 74Rt8** Black to move Black to move 150. Imagination 74984 751 153** Black to move 7528048 ‘7155%« Imagination 151 Solutions to Exerci: 1 Short-Topalov, Linares 1995 The rook on d6 has two defenders. 1..c4! With the idea of first removing one, and then—the other. 2 Wxf3 2 HaS f2 3 Wxf2 Wado. 2...8xd5 3 Bxd5 Exe3 The rest is a matter of straightforward technique. 4 Wi We7 5 Wi2 Wed 6 b2 Wh4+ 7 Sal Hh3 8 Whi He3 0-1 2 Ehivest-Kir.Georgiev, Vrsac 1987 1 Wd4! The pin allows him to win a knight. 1...Wd6 2 ¢7 Wxe7 3 Wxd5 ete. 3 Matanovié-D.Byrne, Vincovci 1968 1 &b6! The d4 square is needed for the knight. 1...Be8 2 Ad4 Wad 3 Dxe6 1-0 4 Krasenkov-Gleizerov, Poland 1993 The black rooks are very restricted in their movement. 1 Hd8+ @f7 2 Le6 Bec? 2...kbc7 3 Le8+. 3 ddl! and Gleizerov resigned. 1-0 5 Stein-R.Byrne, Sousse 1967 14! 1-0 If 1...dxed 2 Bicbl! Wa6 3 &xe7; 1...Wa6 2 exd5. 6 Mukhamedzianoy-Pelts, Ryazan 1976 1 bSt geh5 1...Hed 2 hxg6 sexg6 4 Bxb4. 2 Mhd! Hxhd 2... Hed 3 WH. 3 gxh4d Wa3 4 We2 2e7 5 Wxh5 We5 6 Bb3 Wa7 7 Be3+ Of8 8 Wxh6+ Se 9 Nyse a7 10 Wed Wal 11 Wxt7 Wres 12 We8+ 1-0 7 Mirkovié-Gluzman, Belgrade 1991 1 d6! Bd5 1.,.Bc6 2 He8+! (2 2072? Wxe7) 2..Wxe8 3 Wxe8t Axes 4 a a 2 BeBe! 2 He7 1-0 2..Hd1+ 3 dg? We6+ 4 deh3 We8+ 5 d7 £8 6 Hes, 8 Rozentalis-Nikoloff, USA 1994 1 Db! 1-0 Solutions to Exercises 153 9 Kupreichik-Gavrikov, Lvov 1984 1 Efi! Kupreichik drives the queen away from the eS square. 1..Wg4 1... Wig6 2 We5!. 2 2£3 Wyg7 3 WeS! 1-0 10 Pismenny-Shwartz, Moscow 1968 Black is counting on moving his rook back and forth from g6 to e6. 1 g5 Ee6 2 Wi6!! £8 The pawn ending is hopeless, 3 dd8 &g8 4 wd7 Hel 4...2f8 5 Wh8 mate. 5 g6 1-0 11 Khalifman-Ulibin, Sochi 1989 1 Dxe6t! Wre6 2 Hel Wrelt 2...De5 3 Axc5; Qb7 4 We6+ ... 1-0 WA7 3 Be7, 3 Wrel 12 Reshevsky-Larsen, Lugano 1968 1.Df6! 2 DxeS Exe2 3 xc? Wal!! 0-1 13 Lein-Flesch, Ordzhonikidze 1964 1d5! exd5 1...2xc3 2 dxe6+ dexe6 3 Bxd7 DaS+ 4 Sc2! Re5 5 c5 etc. 2 Exd5! 1-0 2...Bxd5 3 exd5. 14 Magergut-Bykoy, Vladimir 1960 1 Qd2! 1-0 There is no defence against the manoeuvre of the knight to 5. 15 Matanovié-Dumpor, Novi Vecey 1986 1...g4! With the idea of clearing the second rank of pawns. Already then the well known manoeuvre Kb1-hl-h2+ will be decisive. 2 hxg4 The threat was 2...exf2 3 Sxf2 g3+. 2uh3! 3 gxh3 exf2 4 Hb7+ 16 5 Zb6+ des 6 Ebs+ chad 6...cef4!. 7 texf2 Hhi 8 93 b1=W 9 Hxbi Bxbl 10 wet4 dds 11 hd Efl+ 12 dogs hee 13 ge Eto 14 shg7 Ee7+ 15 Sg8 Ba7! 0-1 16 Van der Wiel-Hiibner, Wijk aan Zee 1987 1 Ehhi! De7 2 Wh3 DES 3 g4 1-0 Since the variation 3...h6 4 g5 DES 5 Wh8+ £7 6 g6+ $e7 7 ExfSI is easy to find. 17 De la Villa Garcia - Ilescas Cordoba, Spain 1995 1..Wh3! Black exploits the opponent’s pieces on the third rank. 2 Dxg6 Other continuations are also unsatisfactory, e.g. 2 Sxe5 Dxes 3 Wxfs 3 We2 Hxhd) 3..2xh4 4 WEB+ chd7 5 Hdl+ Seb 6 Wib+ HbS; 2 He3 dxc3 154 Solutions to Exercises 3 Hixc3 Add 4 We3 g5 5 Bxc5 Exh4. 2...Lxe3 3 Axh8 Lxel 4 Wxf6 Dds 0-1 Since there is no perpetual check: 5 Wi8+ ded7 6 WE7+ dec6 7 Wi6+ obs. 18 Salov-Wahls, Le Havre 1980 1 £5! Threatening 2 We3. 1...d4 Or 1...0b7 2 £6 218 3 WgS and 4 g4.2 Wes 218 2.25 3 Wed, 3 Exdd Wh8 4 fxg6 fxg6 5 WeS 2g7 6 Bde We8 7 xg6 1-0 19 Kofidis-Stefansson, Athens 1993 1.05! The winning idea! 2 dxe5 BeS 3 Kgl Exe6 4 &xe6 Dh4! A clear-cut move! 5 Exg3 fxg3 6 Qd5 g2+7 gi LeS 8 Red+ Ph8 0-1 20 Veliékovic-Musil, Yugoslavia 1984 1 RxeS!! He8 1...£xeS 2 Dxes We7 3 Df7+ kegs 4 Wed! with irresistible threats. 2 2¢3 We6 3 e5 Dd7 4 Wi3 fxe5 5 Dxe5! tgs 5...Axes 6 WxfB+. 6 Dxc6 Ld6 7 Db4 BfB 8 Wal Black lost on time. 21 Machulsky-Cvitan, Shibenuk 1987 1..2h3!! 2 gxh3 Wxh3 3 Wi3 Hed8 Exploiting the overloading of the knight, Cvitan wins back the piece and remains a pawn ahead: 4 @ab3 Dea! § Wxh3 Dxh3+ 6 bhi Dxd2 7 Drd2 Exd2 ... 0-1 22 Dely-Suetin, Kecskemet 1972 1..2h5! 0-1 2 h4 WA+ 3 Sgi Qd3; 2 Bhi Wet 3 kgl Dd3 4 Bc2 Hest. 23 Karpov-L.Portisch, Tilburg 1988 1 EES! The black rook is in an extremely poor position. 1...8b7 Of course it is possible to shed a pawn by 1...te5 2 Dxe5 dxeS 3 Wb? but it would hardly affect the outcome of the game. 2 Exf6 WbS 3 We3 Wfl+ 4 sbg3 Wgl+ 5 &hd 1-0 24 Jok3ig-Werner, Biel 1975 1 £3!! A winning move and a theoretical novelty! 1...Wh4 We2; 1...WES 2 2d3! and 3 dxe6. 2 Xg5 Whs 3 Sixd8 Hxds 4 not 4 dxe6—4...Hxd2 5 e7 Exg2+!, 1-0 4...b6 5 dxe6l. Solutions to Exercises 155 25 Matanovié-Soos, Israel 1965 1 D5! exdS 1...2c5 2 Dot! Hh8 3 Eh3 h6 4 Lxc5 Wxc5 5 £5. 2 Be3 dxe4 2,,.Wa4 3 Bg3. 3 Excd bxed 4 We3 g6 5 Wxed 2b7 6 We7! 26 7 ‘WeS £6 8 Wxe7... 1-0 26 Ogaard-Barczay, Lublin 1975 1...b3! Freeing the b4 square for the knight, 2 Wed 2 Wixb3 Wxb3 3 axb3 Db4; 2 Wo1 Db4. 2...Ab4 3 Ha? Hdd 4 Wxb3 Bhas 0-1 27 Henkin-Karpman, Minsk 1989 1 Ef4! The knight cannot be saved (2 Hed) 1-0 28 Kopye-P.Gomez, Correspondence 1987/89 1 e6! fxe6 1...2fe8 2 7 Hd7 3 Wadd Ac6 4 Exg7+ dhs 5 Lg8+; 1...Wxes 2 Wd4 £6 3 Wxb4 Exd6 4 Hgel Wd7 5 23.2 Wad Dd5 2...Ac2 3 Bxg7+ Ph8 4 Bost xgs 5 Wh8+ S17 6 AhS+! WxhS 7 Wxh7+; 2.06 3 Rxc6. 3 2xd5 1-0 29 Vistanetskis-Kholmoy, Vilnius 1953 1.ug5! 2 Se3 d5!! The threat of d5-d4 forces White to accept the sacrifice. 3 exdS exdS 4 @xd5 Dxd5 5 &xd5+ Lh8 6 Hacl b6 7 Lxg5 On 7 a3 follows 7..WeS 8 Hfdl e7. No good is 7 Sxc6 Hxd2 8 Rxd2 because of 8...Wd6!. 7.uhxg5 8 e4 Add 9 £4 gxfd 10 gxf4 HxdS! 11 exdS Dert 12 bg? Wed+ 13 B13 Dxl4+ 0-1 30 Ehlvest-Fominykh, Helsinki 1992 1 £6!1 Creating irresistible threats on the 8th rank. 1...Wd6 2 Edi Wxd8 3 Hxd8 c5 4 Kgl exb4 5 Egdl 1-0 31 Instructive example 1..d41! After 2 exd4 (2 &xc6 dxc3!) the cl-h6 diagonal is opened and Black wins a bishop: 2...xc3 3 &xc3 &xc3 4 Wxc3 We5+. 32 Browne-Sax, London 1975 1 &c6!! Browne prepares to seize the long diagonal. 1....xc6 1...bxc6 2 Rxa6 Bb8 3 Bxc3 Wxc3 4 Rd4. 2 dxe6 The c6 pawn must be taken, but after 2...Exd1+ 3 Wxd1 Bxc6 follows the blow 4 Bxc3! (4...Wxe3 5 Wds+ &g7 6 d+), 1-0 156 Solutions to Exercises 33 M.Gurevich-Bareev, Belgrade 1988 1 £51! Freeing the £4 square for the knight, 1..2%e6 1...gxf5 2 Df4 Be7 3 Dg6+ he7 4 Dxe7 exh 5 Hd6 etc. 2 fxg6 e3 There is no salvation —2...£g7 3 DT+ bg8 4 De7+ 18 5 Dxe6. 3 Lh7 mate 34 Smyslov-Robatsch, Amsterdam 1954 1 He3! Smyslov finds a way to ‘put pressure’ on the knight. 1...We7 2 Bf e4 3 Axed Dh4 4 Df6+ Qxf6 5 Axf6 Axf6 6 Rxf6 Wx! 7 Wh7+ LB 8 Wxd7 He8 9 Wxe7 g4 10 hxgd Wi4 11 25 1-0 35 Yurkov-Belinkoy, Moscow 1967 1.26! Bad is 1...2xf3—2 WxeS (2 d8=-W Bf2) 2.262 3 Wg3. 2 gl Wel+ 3 @h2 W2 4 Wel The threats to his king force White to leave the d-pawn to its own fate. 4...00g6 5 Wgl Wd2 6 2b2 Wxd7 7 LxeS Wrad ... OL 36 Balashov-Sunye, Wijk aan Zee 1982 1 He6t Now 1...Sxc6 is no good because of 2 dxc6 Hc8 3 Dd5+ hes 4 Wxt6+ doxd5 5 Wxi7+ Gxc6 6 Holt Gb6 7 a5 mate, while on 1...Lc8 comes the very strong 2 Hfe] with numerous threats, 1-0 37 Jansa-Béhm, Amsterdam 1975 1 h4! 248 On a clear board the bishop has no decent square. 1...Sxh4 2 Wed; 1...d2 2 Hdl We6 3 Re2!; 1...216 2 Wes dh8 3 x6 gxfs 4 Was bg7'5 He3. 2 He8 Black has no moves. The threat is 3 Wc4!. 2...96 2...b5 3 BxdB; 2..8c8 3 Wxc8! Wxc8 4 De7+. 3 Rxgé MbS 4 Bxds Wad8 5 Wxb5 Argo 6 g3 DeS 7 Wh7 a5 8 De7+ Shs 9 Axts Wie 10 Wed ... 1-0 38 Larsen-Pomar, Las Palmas 1975 1...d3!! Excellent! On 2 exd3 follows 2...Wxf3 3 Scl (otherwise 3...f4) 3...Sf4! and all the same the knight gets to £4. 2 Dc3 Le5 3 Ddl 3...dxe2 was threatened, 3,..2xb2 4 Eg3 4 @xb2 dxe2 5 Hxe2 Wxf3+ 6 Heg2 Df4. 4...W£5 5 Dxb2 dxe2 6 Det Wd3 7 b3 We3 0-1 39 Gauglitz-Hever, Budapest 1985 1..Wed!! The decisive move! On 2 Wd2 comes the planned 2...h2!!. 2 Mc2 Bad is 2 Wxe4 fxe4, since the rook comes under double attack and if 2 Zel, not allowing the move in the game, then 2...2e8! 3 Wxe4 Hxed! 4 Hb} He2+ 5 sefl Hh2! and Black wins. 2...e3+ 3 Wxe3 Wxe2+ 4 Hz Wed+ 5 Wred fixed... 1-0 Solutions to Exercises 157 40 Lobron-Schiissler, West Germany 1983 At present it is difficult to see what White can exploit in the enemy position. 1 dS! Ab8 1...DeS 2 £4; 1..De7 2 Wed!. 2 Agd By combining threats on the king and bishop, Lobron achieves victory. 2...Wg5 2...Wd6 3 We3!; 2,..Wd8 3 WES 22 4 Wh6+ se8 5 DfG+ Wis 6 He8 mate. 3 hd! Urs 4 Hes Unclear is 4 Sd3 Wxas 5 Wea de, 4..We2 $ Wis Bd6 6 Ze7 41 Azmaiparashvill-Ye Jiangchuan, Peking 1988 1 We6!! 1 Wxa5 lets slip the win: 1...Wd6+ 2 Wb6+ Ga8! 3 &bs Wh4+, 1..Wb4 1...Wd3+ 2 s+. 2 Wd7! 1-0 42 Kosikoy-Bezman, USSR 1986 1 22! The £7 pawn is more important than the knight! 1 Hd2 does not achieve its objective: 1...2e7+! (1...2xb3? 2 Hg2) 2 tdi Bxf7 3 Bxdé Hd7. 1..xb3 2 He? Kbit 3 df2 Hb2+ 4 dgl Nxg2+ 5 xg? Dgé 6 12 DMB 7 dee3 De6 8 ted3 45 9 te3 1-0 43 Bagirov-Vooremaa, Tallinn 1981 1...Df4! 2 £3 Or 2 gxf4 gxf4 3 Heel Wg6+ 4 Phl Bc2 5 Wol We6+ 6 Sg] 3 7 Shi Whé. 2...Wb6 3 Kael Dd3 0-1 44 Hort-Sigurjonsson, Reykjavik 1978 1 2f6! Df3+ 1..Bxf6 2 e7 He6 3 Bxd7 Exes 4 Df6+; 1...c6 2 Rxg7 oxd5 3 Qxd4!; 1..De6 2 He6 De 3 tres Wxed 4 Df4. 2 Hg? c6 3 He7! Delt 4 Wel Bxe7 5 Wre7 Wxe7 6 Mxe7 cxd5 7 cxd5 1-0 45 Wirtensohn-Niklasson, Reggio Emilia 1977/78 1 gS! Picking up on the h7 square. 1...hxg5 1...Ste7 2 Dxe7+ Dxe7 3 Wxd8+ Exd8 4 &xf6 gxf6 5 Bxe7 Edit 6 Del. 2 Dxgs Ded 2...96 3 Axf7!, 3 Dxf7 De5 3...kext7 4 Wxed. 4 Ds! 1-0 46 E.Vladimirov-Agzamov, Vilnus 1978 1 De6! The struggle for the h6 square. 1..Bxe6 1...fxe6 2 Lg6+ Lxg6 3 fxg6+ Gh8 4 Uxh6+; 1..WA 2 Dgs+ hs 3 Wxas Abs 4 Wrc5. 2 fred Wre6 3 Led Wd6 4 215+ dh8 5 He6! The h6 square falls! 1-0 47 Torre-Kinlay, London 1977 ..b2! 2 €5 2 Hxb2 Qd2+! 3 Hxd2 Hb3+ 4 dc2 He3+; 2 Ra2 Kcl, 2Hb3+ 3 Hed d5+! 4 dxdS Hg8 5 c6 Hd8+ 6 cS BbS+ 7 hed Hdd 8 &c3 Hb3+ 9 de2 Hest! 0-1 10 ed] He3+. 158 Solutions to Exercises 48 AdorJan-Ostojié, Polanica Zdroj 1970 1 d6t Adorjan finds a profound idea. 1..Wxd6 1...Dxd6 2 Dds Was 3 Rxd7 Wxd7 4 cS; 1...Rxd6 2 Dds Was 3 Lixd7 Wxd7 4 Dd6. 2 Des Was 2...Wxdd 3 Wh3+ Wed 4 Wxcd+ Bxed 5 Uxd7. 3 fxd? Wxd7 4 W3+ bs 5 23! In this move also lies White’s idea. The bishop sacrifice on hé is inevitable. 5..We6 6 2xh6 Axb4 7 Lxg7+! Sxg7 8 h6+ Hxh6 9 27 Hg8 10 Hg? 1-0 49 V.Milov-A.Hoffman, Martini 1994 1 @aS! A highly unpleasant surprise! It looks like Hoffman was anticipating the natural 1 &xc4. True, ‘surprises occur more often when least expected’. The queen comes under attack by the white pieces. 1...We8 Or 1...Wb8 2 Hab Wa7 3 Hb7 Wxdd 4 Hxd7 dxd7 5 Wb7+ Sd6 6 Lb4+ $e5 7 We7+. 2 Efel 0-0 No better are the other continuations: 2...2d5 3 Rxcd Wob 4 2xd5 Wxd5 5 Wxd5 exd5 6 Hel+ df8 7 Habl or 2.227 3 Bxcd Wa8 4 &b4 Dd5 5 Hacl D7b6 6 Hc Hb7 7 Led, 3 Bxcd We8 He cannot avoid defeat: 3..Wb8 4 Hb1 Wa6 (4..Wa7 5 Hb7) 5 Qb4. 4 Bb4 Das 5 Qxf8 Wxl8 6 He6 a5 7 Abt. 1-0 50 Dobsza-Svensson, Correspondence 1985 1 Bfl! Dobsza transfers the rook to perform the function of defending the f-pawn, thereby releasing the queen for a meeting with the black monarch. Svenson cannot prevent this. 1ucc3 1...He4 2 Wg3 Be4 3 We3 Be? 4 Wxg7+!; 1..We7 2 WES Me6 3 Wxh7. 2 Wh4 1-0 51 Halasz-Meyer, Budapest 1984 1 Wad! Creating irresistible threats. 1...Hfa8 1..aa8 2 Ad4. 2 Wb5 a4 3 Dds Qxd4 4 Bxc6 Sd8 5 Rd6+ c8 6 Kelt+ bs 7 Rd7 WiS 8 Ab7+ 1-0 52 Tal-Hulak, Novi Sad 1974 1 dt! In anticipation of mass exchanges Tal prepares a break on the queenside. 1...g5 2 Bxf6 Hxf6 3 a4 Gaining the maximum number of tempi. 3.07 4 Wxf6+ Wx16 5 Exi6+ dxf6 6 a5! des 7 bS d7 8 b6 h6 9 Hf3 1-0 53 Schiissler-Vaganian, Tallinn 1983 1..Qd241 2 Bxe8 2 Dxd2 Wxg3 and 3...2h8, 2...2xe8 3 Db7 3 Dxd2 Wxp3 4 Wh7+ De7. 3..We7 4 Axd2 Wags 5 DM Wrel 6 Da6+ LE6 7 Dxe8 g3 8 Wa3 WI mate Solutions to Exercises 159 54 Ivanovié-Z.Nikolié, Budva 1986 1 £4! Ivanovié prepares an invasion of the rook on the eighth rank. 1Kxf4 1.297 2 Qxg7 Bxg7 3 Wadd; 1.26 2 dS. 2 BdSt Qxb6 2...Se3+ 3 Bxe3! dxe3 4 Wxe3 Wo (4...2e6 5 Wxe6) 5 Qxf7+ Sxt7 6 Eflt+ Q65 7 g4. 3 Be8+ O18 3.27 4 Wxd4+ Wie 5 Wxf6+ bxt6 (5...Exf6 6 Eg8 mate) 6 Bfl+ 25.7 Qxf7. 4 W13 Wd7 4... 2e6 5 Bxe6! (5 Rxe6 Wxeb) 5...xf3 6 Bxg6+ Ph8 7 Eg8 mate. 5 Bfl WES 6 Qxt7+ Sxt7 7 Exc8 1-0 7..2xc8 8 Wd5+ $6 9 Wxd4+ segs 10 hd+ WHS 11 Bxf5+ gxfS 12 W£6. $5 Naumkin-V.N.Kozlov, Pinsk 1986 1 Dh4!! White wants to surround the bishop on g4, 1...Hh6 2 g3 Re5 3 {4 Qd4 4 £5! Dd7 4.03 5 Ds. § h3 Des 6 fot Bd7 7 Vxa6 L638 Dxf3 Dxf3 9 Dxd6+ hd8 10 He8+ He7 11 Acd Dd2+ 12 Dxd2 Exf6 13 EBe8+ Wd6 14 Ded .., 1-0 56 Burger-Keglevié, Correspondence 1977 L HG! | De4 h6; 1 DS NFS. 1..2e6 1...bxe3 2 Wes. 2 Hxe6 Wxc3 3 Hes Wal+ 3...c6 4 tg2! (4 Wie Welt 5 dg2 Wxh6). 4 dg2 Wa6 5 c5 1-0 5...82h8 6 06 £6 7 He8!. 57 Browne-Mariotti, Venice 1971 1 Wb3 Dc6 2 Sg8! Cutting off the black king’s way back. 2...Exg8 2..4d7 3 He6!; 2.,.We7 3 He7!. 3 Wxg8 d3 4 b4! hS 5 Hed! Eb8 6 2d6 1-0 58 Evdokimov-Madl, Budapest 1990 1.Dxf2 2 bxf2 2 Ex xc, 2.ke4! Preparing the manoeuvre Qgi-d4xe3. 3 Dds Bxd5! 4 gl Bd7 59 Yudasin-Kramnik, Ist match game, Wijk aan Zee 1994 1.265! The white king is holed up in the corner of the board so Kramnik plans an opening of the h-file. But first he needs to eliminate the £2-pawn. 1.063 leads only to a draw: 2 gxf3 Wxf3+ 3 Bg2 eS 4 Hegi Exe? 5 Exg? Wdl+ 6 Bgl W£+. 2 We? There is no acceptable continuation: 2 ‘WeS €3 3 Bgfl exf2 4 BxeS Dg3+; 2 Wh4 Wxf2 3 Bxed Hae8 4 Hf (4 ExeS Exe5 5 h3 Hel 6 Bxel Wxel+ 7 dh? We3+ 8 @gl De3 9 Wed Welt 10 @h2 Afl+) 4..g3+! 5 hxg3 Wxg3 6 Hefl (6 Bhd Bel) 6..Eh5+ 7 gl Ke2 8 WiS+ (8 H1f2 elt 9 Efl We3+ 10 B4f Sxflt 11 ‘bxfl Bhi mate) 8...xf8 9 Bxf7+ dg 10 Bf8+ be7 11 Bif7+ Sho. .e3 3 Hxe3 3 Ddd exf2 4 Wxe5 Dg3+; 3 Hefl exf2 4 BxeS Dg3+. .Wxe3! Iterum Crispinus. 4 Dd6 Ke7 5 Dxf5 gxi5 6 Wd6 We ... 0-1 160 Solutions to Exercises 60 Panno - Gomez-Baillo, Santiago 1987 1d6! &xd6 1...218 2 h6!. 2 Hc2 Bd5 3 h6! 1-0 3...b3+ 4 Sxb3 RB 5 hxg7 xg? 6 Exe? Hd3+7 shod Bxe3 8 hdd. 61 Rivas-Mestel, Marbella 1982 1 De7!! Wy8 1...Bxgs 2 hxgs Wxe7 3 fxe7 Leb 4 Ldl+ des 5 Ratt; 1. WEB 2 Sxg6+ Bh8 (2...fxg6 3 h5) 3 AES KxfS 4 exfS Hh7 5 Ags! 2 dl Hh8 3 Wh6+ 1-0 62 R Byrne-Korchnoi, Sousse 1967 1... £e6! 2 We3? Byme overlooks his opponent's threat. Better is 2 4, though after 2...215+ 3 Ho2 dg8! (3...2a4? 4 Wd4! with very dangerous threats) Black should win. 2..Hal+! 0-1 63 A.Sznapik-VLSchmidt, Poland 1977 1 ShS! In this original way Sznapik demolishes his opponent’s king’s position 1..0d5 1..@h8 2 Sg7+ dg8 3 Rxg6! bxg6 4 Wh6; 1..268 2 QxfB Hxf 3 7 Hes 4 West, 2 Wed NxfS 3 Qxge Hes 4 KET+ Shs 5 Rxg5 1-0 64 Hort-Vukié, Ljubliana/Portoroz 1977 1.WbB!! Saving the game. 2 WgS+ tc8 3 Wel+ das 4 WeS+ eB 5 Welt a8 4-4 Playing for a win is dangerous: 6 Wo6? Wxbs 7 Wxbs DeT+ 8 es Dubs 9 hd Dds! 10 b4 whe7; 6 Dad? Wa6+ 7 ht7 Wir. 65 Darga-O’Kelly, Madrid 1957 1 dS!! White seizes the long diagonal with his queen and creates dangerous threats. 1..exd5 More stubborn is 1...S0xd5 2 Wd4 tg 3 Ded (interesting is 3 B5e3—3...e3! 4 BxeS Ead8 5 Bdl £6 6 ExdS Wxd5 7 Wxd5+ Bxd5 8 Hxd5 fxg5 9 Hxgs Mc8 10 g3 Bc2 11 HbS with the advantage) 3..Wd8 4 Bxd5 exds 5 Di6+ wh8 6 Be7! We8 (6..Wxe7 7 Axd5+ £6 8 Dxe7 Had8 9 Dds Hd6 10 Wed! Heas 11 De3 Hdl+ 12 DEL Bel 13 WT!) 7 g4! and Black is helpless. 2 Wad sbg8 2..W£6 3 Dxh7!. 3 Ze7 With the threat of 4 De6. 3...£6 4 Z1e6 Wa8 5 2xh7 He8 6 Wh4 1-0 66 G.Garcia-Klinger, Havana 1966 1 Bf6+ Gh7 1_.Gh5 2 Hfgo!. 2 He7+! Ph6 2.,.ehs 3 Hes. 3 Kfg7! 1-0 On the only move 3...2b3 (otherwise 4 B4g6 and 5 g4 mate) follows 4 sh4! with inevitable mate. Solutions to Exercises 161 67 Ghitescu-Stoica, Bucharest 1981 1 b4! The eighth rank is weak. 1uh6 1...2a4 2 b5; 1...g5 2 Le3. 2 bxeS bxc5 3 DbS Bxa2 4 Bfet Wed 5 Dd6 ... 1-0 68 Sliwa-VLSchmidt, Poland 1970 1 e6! Wae6 1.008 2 DfS!. 2 Hel DB 3 Dgi Hxd6 3..Wd7 4 Des. 4 Hxd6 WA7 5 2d8 ... 1-0 69 E.Geller-L.Portisch, Moscow 1970 1 Sgt! An excellent idea! 1...WA7 1...hxg5 2 Dg6; 1...Wxes 2 Wxt7+. 2 Hadl 2d6 3 Sxh6 gxh6 3...Axb3 4-2xg7! xg] 5 DIS+. 4 We6+ 218 5 Wot g8 6 He3 1-0 70 Macharashvili-Gogadze, Tbilisi 1980 1 b4!! A total surprise! It becomes clear that he cannot play 1...Wxb4 because of 2 DxcS WxeS 3 @xb7 and 1...Lxb4 because of 2 Zc4. Nor does 1 Ab3 achieve its objective: 1...Ab4! 2 a3 (2 Bd4 a5 3 Bfdl De5). 2.05! with equality, 1..2d4 2 Ded We7 3 Exd4 Db6 4 Bxd8! On principle—that means strong! 4...xa4 5 Bxh8 Wxed 6 He8+! td7 7 Halt Ye7 8 Be8+! 1-0 71 Conrady-Velimirovié, Hague 1966 1...a3+ 2 el b3!! Surprising: Pushing the pawn where it is doubly attacked. He could not play 2.,.204—3 Exb4 2xa2 4 dd2! 2b3 5 cxb3. 3 exb3 He3+ 4 d2 Exb3 5 axb3? 5 Wc2! led to equality: 5...Lb2+ 6 &c3 R06 7 Bxc6 Exb7 8 Hd6. 5,..a2 6 Kxb5 al-W 7 Hb4 g51 8 fxgs Was 9 be3 Wred+ 10 dd3 WeS 11 Led WhS 12 263 Wxb3+ 13 ddd bg7 0-1 72 O.Hansen-Beliavsky, Plovdiv 1983 13! &xg6 There is nothing else. 2 Rxg5 hxgs 3 &xg6 Wi6 4 Ebi! The attack is irresistible. 4...21a7 5 Wh2 207 6 exd4 g4 6...exd4 7 Eb8+. 7 &g2 ‘S18 8 Wh8+ Se7 9 We8+ Ld6 10 Hel 1-0 10...a6 11 Be5!. 73 Ritums-Akopdzhanian, 9th USSR Correspondence Team Championship 1 Dal! Excellently played! Weak is 1 De4+ de6 2 Dg3 Mls 3 Dxhs Bg6 4 g3—4...£5! 5 de} Hed. 1.6 2 De3 1-0 162 Solutions to Exercises 74 David-Martin, Correspondence 1988 1...Qe4!! 0-1 He suffers material loss: 2 Dxc6 Oxf2 3 Axd8 Dxd3+ 4 Phl Dt2+; 2 Axes ded 3 DAxc6 Lxf2+ 4 Bxf2 exd3 $ DxdB dxe2; 2 Re3 Rxd4 3 Bxd4 Dxd4 4 Wxd4 Axc3, 75 Chandor-Moét - Bottlik, Correspondence 1974 1,..Wd3+!! 2 gS Other continuations also do not save him: 2 hs Wh7+ 3 ed gl=W+; 2 Sho Wd6+ 3 dgs (3 PhS Wh2+) 3... Wedd! 2...Wdd! The concluding fine point. 3 Wxb7+ #xb7 4 Wxg2+ eb6 5 Wa8 WeS+... 0-1 76 Ljubojevié-Tringov, Lucerne 1982 1 &g8! With the destruction of the h7 pawn Black's defence collapses. 1...f3 Or 1..\Wxg8 2 We7+ Bek 3 We8+ Lt7 4 Wd7+ Sf8 5 Wxd6+ Hed 6 Wos+ b7 7 We7+ SB 8 We8+ HET 9 Wa7+ LAB 10 db. 2 Axh7 Sf 3 exfS Wh8 4 fxg6 1-0 77 Balashov-IFarago, Dortmund 1987 1 £g5! Weaving a mating net around the black king. 1..gxh6 2 Hxh6 Og7 2.96 3 Lxf6 Bxi6 4 exf Dxal $ Dgs Rd7 6 Hgs+ HB 7 Be7!. 3 Hh? Dxal 4 26+ dg6 5 Dh4+ Ghs 6 DxkS+ 1-0 6...bg4 7 DhGt SH 8 Bhat. 78 Kuindzhi-Antoshin, Moscow 1971 1 Ebdt! &xh5 It was possible to avoid the loss of the queen but not the wrecking of his position: 1..Wb7 2 Dxf6 Dxi6 3 Wxe6+. 2 Exed dred 3 GIB eS 4 Rxc6 exf4 5 Web Hxg4 5...Lxg4 6 Wxcd Sb8 7 LdS cB 8 Wa6. 6 Rxd7+ Hxd7 7 We6+ dd8 8 Wa8t Lc7 9 Wxa7+ hc6 10 Was+ be7 11 a5 1-0 79 Szczerbak-Lazarev, Kiev 1960 1 SxhG!! gxh6 1..Axh6 2 Bxe7. 2 We3 cg7 3 De2! The knight is heading for the hS square! 3...Wb6+ 3...d8 4 Df4 De7 5 DhS+ Hes 6 Wid. 4 g2 Ht8 5 Dts Wad 5..Wxb2 6 Lxe7+ Dxe7 7 DhS+ b#8 8 Wrd6 Wes (8...Hb4 9 Hel; 8...Wb4 9 Wxf6+ de8 10 Wh8+) 9 g7+ SE7 10 Lic4+ etc. 6 Hed We5 7 BhS+ 18 8 g7+ 1-0 8.. eB 9 Axio. 80 Barcza-Lengyel, Kecskemet 1968 1..,€a7!! Now the rook can attack along the a and b-files. 2 ¢4 White has no satisfactory continuation, for example: 2 We2 Kb6! 3 ded3 Wa6+! 4 dc2 Wad+ 5 d3 Hd6+ or 2 WE7 Wdl+ 3 db2 Bb6+. 2...Wa2+ 3 eel Walt 4 bc? Bas! 5 Wis Ha2+ 6 od3 Whi+ 7 de3 Ha3+ 0-1 Solutions to Exercises 163 81 G.Timoshchenko-Ruban, Norilsk 1987 1 h3! Timoshchenko takes the a2-g8 diagonal and creates mating threats on it. 1..Wxg2 2 Wxe6+ Gh8 3 2c4 Bh7+4 Abo! It was still not too late to lose: 4 #al?? Ha2+! 5 2xa2 Wb2 mate. 1-0 82 Instructive example 1 ad!! followed by 2 Ha3. There is no defence. 83 G.Kuzmin-Averbakh, Moscow 1974 1 gS! An attractive idea—clearing the diagonal of pawns. 1...fxg5 2 04 1-0 2...b4 3 £43 O47 4 Bxt7. 84 Kinderman-Tatai, Budapest 1987 1 De6+ &g8 2 Wal! The queen rushes to the other edge of the board in order to capture the solitary bishop. 2...2\g6 Or 2...c8 3 Ad8 Wed 4 Wa7. 3 dB 1-0 85 A.Sznapik-Van der Wiel, Amsterdam 1984 White needs to eliminate the main defender—the knight f6. 1 e5! Wre5 2 Dest Whs 2... e7 3 Dxfo+ Oh8 4 Dxh7!, 3 Dx!6+ Bxt6 4 Wehs Axhs $ Exf6 g5 6 Bt8+ bg7 7 Ba8 He7 8 Za7 1-0 86 Kakhiani-Chelushkina, Volzhsky 1989 1..Dxgd!! Not complicated but quite elegant. 2 Rxgd ReS 3 bel Ba3 Also sufficient was 3...Wh2+ 4 £2 2d4 5 Wxe3 Wfa+. 4 We2 Wh2+ 5 2 Wi4+! 6 bel Ra4+ 7 Be a2 8 Wis Wxls 9 Axf5 Bxf2 10 Bed Bxb2+ 0-1 87 Rogers-Hort, Biel 1985 1 Dxd4tt Wxdd 1...cxd4 2 Bc8+, 2 Bdl Wxb2 3 Ha2 Whs Or 3...Wi6 4 Bxd7 Wg5+ 5 Sfl Wel+ 6 e2. 4 We8+! H6s 5 Wxd7 Wud7 6 Bxd7 Abs 7 He2 Bxf5 8 Exb7 a6 9 He8+ Lh7 10 Bed... 1-0 88 Polugayevsky-W.Watson, Sochi 1985 1 De5!! dxeS If 1..h8, then 2 Dxd3 Wxd3 3 Web followed by ShS-g6-e4. 2 217 ef 2.0183 ReG+. 3 WiSt! Lh8 4 Lxgs e3 5 Wes Wis 6 Q07+ 1-0 164 Solutions to Exercises 89 D.Gurevich-Hellers, New York 1987 1..Wxe3! 2 Hxe3 Qg5! 3 DS If 3 Hc3, then 3.264 and 4...2hg7. 3 DXf5 OL 90 Sax-Ree, Amsterdam 1984 1 a4!! Bxd4 2 axb§ Hxdi+ 3 Bxd1 The bishop has no moves, the queen’s flank has collapsed. 1-0 91 A.Chernin-Dra3ko, Polanica Zdroj 1988 1 a8 Eft 2 Ba7! 1-0 After 2...g1=W 3 b8=W+ the king will not save itself. 92 Seleianu-Cafferty, Correspondence 1974 1 Ecel! Creating the threat of 2 He7 and 3 Dh6+. 1...Hxgl Or 1...0de5 2 He7 Des+ 3 c2. 2 Hxgl Sf7 3 Dh6+ Se7 4 Hel+ 1-0 93 Nunn-Tal, Naevsted 1985 1 ga!!_ An excellent idea, Nunn intends to create mating threats by a march of the pawn to g6. 1...d4 Or 1...fxg4 2 xg Hixfd 3 Zh3. 2 gS! g63 Wag6+ fh 4 Wes d3 5 ExfS.... 1-0 94 Vitomskis-Rinkis, Correspondence 1985 1 eS! d5 2 2d2! The invasion of the knight on {6 (after the exchange of bishops) is decisive. 1-0 95 Latunov-Krasenkov, Dnepropetrovsk 1985 1...2d6!! Preparing 2...Wd7. 1...2d5 is no good because of 2 Red and 3 so. 2 eo 2 Wer Wa4 3 Sel Wai 4 Wed £5!. 2...WbS+ 0-1 3 We2 Wxb2 4ha3 Wad! 96 Thorsteins-Petursson, Akyreiri 1988 1..Bd8 2 244 We2! 3 £4 Bxd4 4 exd4 Wh2 Material balance has been established, but White loses because of his pawn weaknesses and the poor position of his rook. 5 Kad 5 12? el=W+. 5..Wel+ 6 dxe2 Wahl 7 206 Wah2 8 &f3 Wh5+ 9 be3 We 10 £03 We6+ 11 dd WIS+ 12 de3 Wer 13 &c6 h5 14 g3 We3+ 15 h12 Wxdd+ The white pawns disappear one ane the other. 16 &g2 Wf6 17 SUS Wh2+ 18 Gh3 &g7 19 Rc6 Shs 20 5 We2 0-1 Solutions to Exercises 165 97 Smagin-Monin, Pinsk 1986 1 Efel! Creating the terrible threat of 2 Hxd4 Wxd4 3 He7. 1...Wf6 1...c5 2 Bxd4!. 2 Dxf6 Axf6 3 He6 2g7 4 WhS a5 5 Hdd6 Hack 6 He7 a4 7 Bn6 1-0 98 Sax-Timman, Arhnem/Amsterdam 1983 1 e6! The e5 square is needed for the queen. 1...WaS 1...£xe6 2 Wes; 1.16 2. €7! Rxe7 (2...xe7 3 Wd6) 3 WdS+. 2 ext7+ Sxf7 3 Red+ Reo 4 WaTt e75 Rxe6+ dues 6 He2+ Hf6 7 Wxd4+ 1-0 99 Anand-LSokolov, Wijk aan Zee 1989 1 24! We6 2 Wd! The e7 and £8 squares cannot be defended. 2...Wh6+ 3 Bb Abs 3,..Weh4 4 Axes; 3..Dxc5 4 Wxes Wxh4 5 Wxc6+ we7 6 Wrxo7+ he8 7 Wo6+ Se7 8 Wd6+ ee8 9 Hf8 mate. 4 Dab! Wahd 4...d7 5 We7+ dc8 6 Wxc7 mate. 5 WI8+ sd7 6 DcS mate 100 Adorjan-Ribli, 4th match game, Budapest 1979 1 Qxg! &xg7 2 hott 2 Hxg7+ is weak because of 2...dexg7 3 WeS+ dB 4b6 Wa8! (4,..8x037 5 h7 Bxc2+ 6 seb] Bxb2+ 7 dxb2 We3+ 8 a3) and Black wins. 2...2{6 2...Sh8 3 Hg7+; 3 Wg5; 2...218 3 Wes £6 4 Weer h8 5h7, 3 We2! 1-0 101 Tukmakov-Peresypkin, Baku 1977 1 Re2 Qh? 2 she3 KeS 3.213 Lb2 4 dd3 eS 5 hed 1-0, Peresypkin resigned without waiting for the transfer of the king to £7 and the rook to hl (but without taking on f6—because of stalemate). 102 Panno-Mariotti, Dubai 1986 To achieve victory it is necessary to transpose to a pawn ending but in such a way that the black king cannot take the opposition (the e6 square). 1 Best Mb1 Or 1...fa6 2 HhS Rd3 3 Eh8+ bc7 4 whe7! followed by 2h8-d8-d4 (cutting off on the file!), te7-f6-e5, Hd4xe4. 2 Bd5+! 1-0 On 2...e8 follows 3 HbS 202+ 4 eS, while if 2...e8, then 3 Bd4. 103 Psakhis-Ehlvest, Tallinn 1983 1 g5! A blow to...the bishop £8! 1...Wg4+ 2We3 Wal+ 3 bg? EES 4 gxho+ obs § Bx ixgs+ 2 Wxgs hxgs 3 h6+. 166 Solutions to Exercises 104 Tukmakov-Ribli, Las Palmas 1982 The position of the heavy pieces on a single diagonal following operation from the Hungarian randmaster a 1.5! ivi i cEst 2 a 3 We3 e4 Driving the knight away from the gS square. 4 105 L.Portisch-Miles, Tilburg 1984 White has a chance to gain victory. 1 Wed!! With the threat of 2 Wa2 and 3 Bxc6+. There is i . no satisfacti defence, e.g. 1...Hd8 2 Ha6+!!. In the game White continued 1 We8? Ward We2 Wb7 3 Hg8 (3 Wed!) 3...Ad8! and Miles seized the initiative, 106 Instructive example 1 Bad1!! (with the idea 2 bl) places Black in a critical position. 107 Miles-Hiibner, Wijk aan Zee 1984 1 i gd! Be 2 g5 hxgs Or 2...Wg6 3 Wxg6 fxg6 4 exh6. 3 Sxgs g6 4 Wh7 108 Romanishin-Lobron, Biel 1987 1 2hS! A knockout blow! L...g6 1..xh5 2 Bxd7. 2 W; Ww! Lng 1. |. 2 Wxh6! gxh5 3 Wh8+ W183 4 Waxf6 2bS It is time to throw in the towel. 5 ad ‘bxadG Des R067 Ddb+ kad7 8 DAxb7+ &e7 9 Das 2bS 10 Wes+ 109 Kostro-Sydor, Poland 1972 1 Wg3!! An excellent ideal With the threat to i ‘ c ! penetrate with the queen behind enemy lines (We3-g6-h7), White prepares a blow on the e7 square. 1 ore 2 We6 Se8 3 Qxc7! 1-0 3...Exc7 4 Wxd6 Hfd7 5 Wxe5 Be7 6 23. 110 Magomedov-Kveinys, Bratislava 1990 1...f4!! Ramming the position. The black Squares now weak, etd exth Andt; 2 guts Sad 3 exdd Wahd; 2 Ded fed 9 Bed as 4 oe res ole Wrc3 Dxe3 5 Dre3 Hxe3 6 Wad We7 x! 410 vain dvs o1 2! Rxgd bug 11 Be2 Wel+ 12 Sg2 Solutions to Exercises 167 111 Suba-Gallagher, Biel 1987 1 6! Lengthening the bishop’s diagonal from h2-b8. 1...axb6 2 exb6 c6 2..De6 3 Axo?! Exd3 4 Exd3 Axc7 5 Hd7. 3 Hxd4! The bishop comes into play! 3..f5 The last chance. 3...exd4 (3...cxd5 4 Exd5) 4 Sxb8 oxd5 5 Exd4. 4 Abd exd4d 5 Rxbs WB 6 Dxc6! bxe6 7 Lc7 The passed b-pawn decides. 7..c8 7...fxed 8 Whol. 8 Wad Hf7 9 exf5 He7 10 Edi 2e5 11 ‘Rxe5+ HxeS 12 b7 Ze8 13 16 Ha8 14 Web d3 15 We7 d2 16 Hxd2 1-0 112 Speelman-Sax, Salonika 1988 1 He7!! Speelman spots a conclusive zugzwang position. 1...%g6 2 Ke8 bh 3 E68 3 Begs Gh7! 3..eg6 4 Bh8! Zugzwang! 4..0c6 4..Ha8 5 2b7!—a tactical nuance which holds together his conception. 5 bxc6 Exh8 6 07 bS 7 c8-W Exc8 8 xc8 b4 9 Sxe6! There was also another way, pointed out by Mestel: 9 2a6 b3 10 43+ deh6 11 Mb1 b2 12 deed! dg6 13 de3+ Dh6 14 ded3 cys 15 hd2+ Hh6 16 dc2 etc. 1-0 113 Hiibner-De Firmian, Manila 1990 1 d6! cxd6 2 Axd6 An astonishing position—there is no satisfactory defence against Dd6xf7. 2..He7 2...2g8 3 DS. 3 Dxt7+ Hes 3...Wxi7 4 dst. 4 Dxh6+ gxh6 4..h8 5 DE7+ shes 6 We6. 5 We6+ LIB 6 Bd3 We8 7 213+ 1-0 114 Tatai-Kavalek, Manila 1973 1 e5! Da5 If ...dxeS 2 Xxf6 Lxi6 3 Rd7, 2 Lxd5 dxes 2...xd5 3 £6. 3 Bhd ef 3...2xd5 4 Exd5!! (4 £67 gxf6 5 Wh3 Red!) 4..cxd5 5 16 gxf6 6 Wh3. 4 Wed exd5 5 £6 We5 5...gxfo 6 Wh3!, 6 WhS Wxg5+ 6..h6 7 Rxh6. 7 Wags Qxf6 8 Whs Axh4 9 Wrhd 1-0 115 Knaak-Tischbierek, Potsdam 1985 L..WaS!! 2 2g2 On 2 S12 follows 2..Wo6+ 3 del (3 Wd4 Bxd6) 3...We5! winning the knight. 2..—xd6! 3 0-0 3 Hxd6 Dd3+ 4 edi Df2+. 3...Wb6+ 4 hl a5 5 We7 He6 6 Wh4 xe? 7 Hf4 Web 8 Hdfl Hel 9 Wes BeS 0-1 116 Lerner-Vogt, Berlin 1989 1 Wed! Piling up on the e-file, 1...Sxd5 Or 1...247 2 £4 ££6 3 Wxe8+. 2 Wad5+ 1-0 2...WE7 3 4; 2...2h8 3 Exes. 117 Furman-Witkowski, Polanica Zdroj 1967 1 Hed!! xfs There is no acceptable defence: 1...Re7 2 Hexe7 Dxe7 3 Exe7. 2 Rxg7+ Exg7 3 Bxf8+ 1-0 168 Solutions to Exercises 118 Kunert-Schmitzler, West Germany 1968 15! dxcS 1...Ac8 2 06, 2 Axe5! 1-0 2...xe5 3 £4. 119 Gheorghiu-Miles, London 1980 1...Wg4! Threatening the manoeuvre Bh8-hS-f5, 2 Wal EhS! 3 Pf1 3 ad EES 4 Whl eS, 3..BhI+ 3,..20d2+ is also sufficient. 4 Dg Dxe3+! 5 fxe3 Wrxg3 6 bez Eh2+ 0-1 120 Makarov-Dvoiris, Gorky 1989 It seems that Black is under no threat, but... 1 Wat Bd5 1...2b2 2 .2c3 £53 Wxg7+! Mxp7 4 Hxd8+ Bxd8 5 @xb2; 1 Rxf2 2 xa5 Hxd! 3 Qxd8 Hxcl 4 Wd7. 2 Rxa5! b6 3 Ab4 £5 4 Wed hG 4...Bxad 5 Hxd4. § Re7! Wxe7 5...Wd7 6 Bc7. 6 Hxd4 Had8 7 Bxd5 Uxd5 8 Ec6 ... 1-0 121 Ostermeyer-A.Sokolov, Saloniki 1984 1 RAT! Be7 2 Be5t 1-0 122 Topalov-Short, Spain 1995 White has an extra knight but it is cornered in enemy territory, How can he get it out from there? 1 Da2!! c5 Or 1...£5 2 4 Ded 3 Debt HF6 4 DE. 2 Ded Ad3 3 Dh7! Dashing Black’s hopes. 3..d2 And, in view of the variation 4 Dhf6 Dfl+ 5 gl Bdl 6 Bg8+ Sho 7 Dg4+ Gh5 8 Bhs mate, Black resigned. 1-0 123 P.Blatny-Plachetka, Namestovo 1987 1 2g8+ Wh6 2 Leb! 1-0 If 2...2c2 then 3 Hh8+ eg7 4 DxhS+! Sxhs 5 ‘WeS+ and mates. 124 Psakhis-DraSko, Sochi 1988 1 d4!! The threats of 2 Bd3 and 2 e4 cannot both be partied. 1...exd4 1...04 2 Qd3; 1...dh8 2 4, 2 Dd3 Wrel+ Or 2.,.203 3 Dxc3 dxc3 4 Db4. oat ae 4 Sg2 Be5 5 a3 Gh7 6 De? Lc3 7 Axdd Lxd4 8 Wa3+ xd4... 1-0 125 Kuczinski-Suetin, Warsaw 1978 1 £5! An attack directed against the h7 square. 1..gxf5 1...1g7 2 xg6 Hxg6 3 Hxh7+ Wixh7 4 Exh7+ dexh7 5 Wa7+. 2 g6 £4 3 Wh3 M6 4 oxt7 M98 5 Ba2 1-0 Solutions to Exercises 169 126 Tseshkovsky-Bagirov, Lvov 1978 1 Exg3! xg3 2 b4!! exb4 3 dead! Tseshkovsky exploits the fact that the knight defends the pawn from the front. 3...0f4 4 c5 @e5 5 c6 ed6 6 &b3 Vath 6.806 7 Bed LG 8 Wxd3 GDS 9 he? wat 102. 127 Vepkhvishvili-Avetisian, Tbilisi 1970 A very sharp position. Both sides have passed pawns, but it is Black’s tum to move. 1...f2+ is weak because of 2 d1—White is prepared to give up the bishop for the fpawn, while on 1...2c3 sufficient is 2 2215. 1.261! Avetsian finds a mating formation! 2 e6 After 2 fl an attractive idea materialises: 2...£2+ 3 td] 2xc4!! 4 Sxcd De3+! 5 bel Delt!. 2uLixed 3 e7 Le2 4 LI4+ Or 4 Lg} xg} 5 e8-W+ Des. 4..cexf4 5 eB=W hed 6 WI82! 6 Wrett xed 7 Wi2 dxd5, 6..12+7 Wxt2+ Dxf2 8 2£5 8 d6 Axh3 9 d7 DES 10 dd=W Dg? mate. 8...g4 0-1 128 Marié-T.Petrosian, Vincovci 1970 1 aS! Marié prepares the move 2 2b6, which breaks the opponent's defensive line. 1...0f8? Petrosian overlooks a tactical blow, but there was no satisfactory continuation anyway: 1...De8 2 &b6 Dxb6 3 axb6 Dxd6 4 bxo7 De8 5 Axf7! Bh7 (5...Bxc7 6 Dgs+) 6 DgsS+ Lh6 7 Deb c5 8 Ld5; 1.28 2 Kb6 Hed7 3 La8!; 1.6 2 Lb6! Dxb6 3 Dxé7!! (3 axb6 Sixgs) 3...De8 4 Hxfo bg7 5 Exf6 6 DgSt. 1...05 2 DIS Dxd5 3 Rxd5 Qxd5 4 Wixds Ba7 5 b4. 2 Lxf7 Exf7 3 DeG+ dys 4 Dxc7 L185 De8! Wh7 6 Xxd7! 1-0 129 Dreev-Metliak, Protvino 1988 1 WS! A strong move, containing two threats—the first: win of the bishop on g2 by 2 £3; the second: 2 2xf6 2xf6 3 £d3. He is not in a position to parry both of these. 1...2c6 1...g6 2 WE4 Sxh3 3 263; 1..2h7 2 Hd7. 2 Qxf6 Axf6 3 Vdd 1-0 3..Bfe8 4 Wh7+ Sf 5 Wh8+ Le7 6 Belt. 130 Yusupov-Noguelras, Montpellier 1985 1 Wa4t! It is impossible to repulse the various threats, 1...£6 1...Wb6 2 e6!. 2 exf6 gxf6 3 Lxf6 Hg8 Or 3..Dxf 4 Waf6 Bes 5 Dxds!. 4 Dds Also sufficient is 4 Qed! Wa3 5 Bc3!, 4..WxbS 5 2xbS Deb 6 Wh2 exb5 72nd 1-0 131 Sax-Espig, Balatonbereny 1984 1 Dg3t! With this “trick” Sax puts decisive pressure on the g7 square. 1,..e8 Or 1...xg3 2 Hxg3 2e8 3 Wed Ha? 4 Sxg7 Wxg7 5 We6+. 2 Wed 247 3 DES x15 4 Bxts Wa7+ 5 eh? 1-0 170 Solutions to Exercises 132 Miannik-Krivun, 9th USSR Correspondence Team Championship 1 Dxest! fred 1..Dxe4 2 AhS. 2 LhS DshS 3 WxhS 5 3..2h3 4 Rxg7+ Exg7 5 Wes WI7 6 Bxd7; 3...d8 4 Wes Wi8 5 Bgs wh8 6 Bxe7 Bxg7 7 Bgl. 4 Wes SES 4..We7 5 Wxe7 Hxe7 6 xg7 Bxg7 7 Bxg7+ bxg7 8 Exd7+. 5 Lxg7 Lg6 6 Axes Nxi2 7 hd WB 8 e3 His 9 Wed 1-0 133 Chernin-Rashkovsky, Sverdlovsk 1984 1 Dgo!! fxg6 Or 1...Dxg6 2 bxg6 Hob 3 gxf7+ Wrf7 (3...0exf7 4 Bh3) 4 Bxh6, 2 Sxe6+ Ph7 Also losing is 2.217 3 hxg6 Dxg6 (3...Lxe6 4 Wre6+ dh8 5 Bxh6 mate) 4 Wxg6 Hc6 5 Exh6! &xe6 6 Wh7+ SE7 7 Bese. 3 Mxc8 guh5 4 Wh3 WHT 5 Bd7 Wa2 6 0-0 Wxb2 7 Lxe8 Wrad 8 ha! 1-0 134 F-Portisch-Bilek, Zalaegerszeg 1968 1,,.Dxf3!! 2 gxf3 Rexed!! 3 tues W6 4 Bd3 Or 4 05 WxeS 5 Bd3 Ef2!. 4.082 § Wxi2 Walt! After 6 dc2 Wxa2+ 7 bdl Wxf2 White is doomed (8 5 WE+!). 0-1 135 Gogichaishvili-P.Cramuling, Stockholm 1992 White is in a critical position: the eS pawn is very weak. 1 Wad1!! Wh4 Otherwise there is no chance of a win. 2 Wd2 Wxh3 3 Wa8+ 218 4 Sp5! 4 We8 would be mistaken: 4...Wh4!! 5 2d2 (5 Wxc6 Wxf4 6 WxbS We3+ 7 @f1 Sc5) 5...2d7. The move in the game is made with the intention of driving the queen to a passive position, and then to capture the bishop on c6, 4....2e8! Fine but insufficient. He could not play 4.,.Wg3+ 5 Sf Wee5 in view of 6 &e7 Wg7 7 Wc8!. 5 Se7! Finesse after finesse! 5...Wg3+ 6 Sfl Wh3+ 7 gi Wg3+ 8 Sl 4-4 The attempt to play for a win is easily parried, e.g. 8...Wh3+ 9 del Wg3+ 10 dd2 2xe7 11 Wxe7 06 12 Wd8+ dg7 13 Wok WeS+ 14 te? Wed etc. 136 Krantz-V.Zakharoy, Correspondence 1990 1 g6t! h6 1...Wxc7 2 Wxh7+ £8 3 Wh8 mate; 1...£g6 2 Wrxe6+ Sf 3 Dade; 1...xg6 2 Exe7! Wxe7 3 Dgs Wo4 4 Wh7+ SFB 5 Wh8+ we7 6 Wra8 Wel+ 7 dg2 We2+ 8 oh3 Wxb2 9 Wxa7+. 2 gxt7+ wh7 2...

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