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אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
Wאאאא
J z
E2FHZEFאא
x
א
א،אאאאאF W
אאאאאא
Kאאא
W1
אאאאאאEF
؟EFאאאא،א
אא
116.56 1
116.55 2
116.50 3
116.48 4
116.46 5
Wא
x z
Z
x116.46H116.48H116.50H116.55H116.56 z x z
116.51Z
5 ZZ
Wא
- 45 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
א،א
116Z א אא
Eא0.46،0.48،0.50،0.55،0.56FWאא
J z
HZEFאא
x
، 0.48 ، 0.50 ، 0.55 ، 0.56z
א116.51Z0.51H116ZH116ZEFאא
5 x0 46
K
W2
Wאאא
O L LL
57 43 10 1
57 43 12 2
57 43 08 3
57 43 14 4
؟אאאאאא
Wא
x z
Z
43 14H5743 08 H 57 43 12 H 75 4310z
574311Z
4 Z
x 57
Wא
- 46 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
ResidualsWEF אK2
EFאאEFאאא
E3F–Z
W
אאאא، אא אא
Kאאאאא
Standard Error WEFאאאא אK3
א אאאאא
א אאאאא،
Kאאאאאאאאא
2
x z
E4FZ
1 –
W
- 47 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
KאאאאאZ
KאZ2
KאאZ
KאZxz
אאא
אא
Kא
אאאאא א
،אאאאאא،אא
א EאFאאאאא
אאKא א
אאא
Wאאא
אא
J ∞H∞
EאFאא
א
Wאאא
Kאא K1
KEאאFאא אK2
Kאאא אK3
- 48 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
- 49 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
Wא
א א אא EFא א
2
J Z EF
0.0001 0.01 184.24 1
00 00 184.25 2
0.0001 0.01J 184.26 3
0.0025 0.05J 184.30 4
184.25
0.0009 0.03J 184.28 5
0.0009 0.03 184.22 6
00 00 184.25 7
0.0025 0.05 184.20 8
0.0070 000 1474 א
x z
ZK1
x1474z
Kא184.25Z 8 Z
2 2
x 0.0070z x z
1J 8 Z
1 – ZK2
א0.03±Z
K3±אאאK3
0.09±Z0.03C3Z3
0.09±אאEFאא
Kא∴K0.05J
KאאאאאW
Standard Deviation EFאא אK4
- 50 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
אא،EF אאאא
אאאא،EFא
אאאאא
אא
א אאאא،אאאא
אאאאאא
Wאא
E5F±Z
2
x z
E6FZ
E1 – F
W
KאאאZ
KאאאאאZ
KאZ2
KאאZ
KאZxz
אאאא
Kאא
W
- 51 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
אאא אאאאא
אאאאא،0.40א
؟אאאאאאא،20Zא
Wא
א ±Z
D2Z2
2
2
E2 F
Kאא25ZZZ
2 ∴
E0.40 F 2
- 52 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
2
x0.007 z x z
ZZK2
E1–6F6 E1 – F
Kא0.015±Z
±ZEFאאאK3
א0.015±175.35Z
K1.50±175.35Z
- 53 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
W2
אאאא12EF
W
، 220.05 ، 219.96 ، 220.00 ، 220.04 ، 220.08 ، 220.06 ، 220.09 ، 220.11F
KאE219.98،220.10،220.07،219.94
Wא
؟EFאא K1
؟EFאאא אK2
Wא
א א אא EFא א
2
J Z EF
0.0049 0.07J 220.11 1
0.0025 0.05J 220.09 2
0.0004 0.02J 220.06 3
0.0016 0.04J 220.08 4
0.0000 0.00 220.04 5
0.0016 0.04 220.00 6
220.04
0.0064 0.08 219.96 7
0.0001 0.01J 220.05 8
0.01 0.1J 219.94 9
0.0009 0.03J 220.07 10
0.0036 0.06J 220.10 11
0.0036 0.06 219.98 12
0.0356 2640.48 א
x z
- 54 -
2640.48z
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
ZK1
K220.04ZZ
2
x0.0356z x z
ZZK2
E1–12F12 E1 – F
Kא0.016±Z
±ZEFאאאK3
א0.016±220.04Z
K1.60±220.04Z
אאאW
אאא،אא
،א אאאא
،א אאאא
אאאאא
אאא א،אא
אאא
Kאא
- 55 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
WEאFאאאא אK
אאאאEFאאאאא
אא
אאE0000030FאאאEF
،אאאאאאEFא
180אאאאאא אא אא
אאאאאאאEFא
KEFאא
WאאאWאאWאא
WאWאWאאWא
אא א אאאא אא
אא אאא o L // א א
- 56 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
Wאאא
Kאאאאא K1
KEFא–EFאZאאא K2
Kא K3
WאאאאאK
אאאאא
Wאא
אאא א אא א אאאא אא
אא אא אאא o L // א א
א א אא אאא
2
J Z EF EF א
1
2
3
4
א
- 57 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
x z
אאZZ אאאK1
x2 z
KאאאZK2
E1 – F
± ZאאאאK3
WאאאאאK
אאאאאאאא
אאאאאאא
Wא
W
KאEFאאאאאאאא
- 58 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
W1
Wאאא EFא
WאאאWאאWאא
WאWאWאאWא
אא א אאאא אא
אא אאא o L // א א
000 00 30
180 00 26
69 15 40
249 15 44
؟אאאא
Wא
WאאאWאאWאא
WאWאWאאWא
אא א אאאא אא
אא אאא o L // א א
0028 000 00 30
000 180 00 26
691514
69 15 40
691542
249 15 44
W2
אEFא אאאא
W
- 59 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
000 00 30
180 00 32
52 10 12
232 10 18
84 16 43
264 16 47
000 00 32
180 00 36
؟אאאאא
Wא
אאא א אא א אאאא אא
אא אא אאא o L // א א
0031 000 00 30
000 180 00 32
520943 1J 520944
521015 52 10 12
232 10 18
320629 1J 320630
84 16 43
841645
264 16 47
2754348 1J 2754349
0000034 000 00 32
3600000 3J 360003 180 00 36
3Z 360– 360003Zא
אאDEאC1J FZאא
Kא1J Z3DE3C1J FZ
- 60 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
W3
אאאאאEFא
WEFאאא
؟EFאאאא
א א אא אאא
2
J Z EF EF א
69 15 14 1
69 15 18 2
69 15 12 3
69 15 16 4
א
Wא
א א אא אאא
2
J Z EF EF א
1 1 69 15 14 1
9 3J 69 15 18 2
691515
9 3 69 15 12 3
1 1J 69 15 16 4
20 277 01 00 א
- 61 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
ZאאאK1
x z
01 00 z
691515ZZ אאאK1
4
x 277
2
x z
Kאאא ±ZK2
E1 – F
x20 z
K1.29±Z ±ZK2
E1 – 4F4
K1.29 ± 691515ZאאאאK3
- 62 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
W4
אאEFאאאאא
؟אאאאאאא
- 63 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
EFאאאאWא
א א אא אאא
2
J Z EF EF א
2.7889 1.67J 52 09 44 1
5.4289 2.33 52 0942.33 52 09 40 2
0.4489 0.67J 52 09 43 3
8.6667 0.01J 156 29 7 א
x z
Z אאאK1
29 7 z
520942.33ZZ אאאK1
3
x 1156
2
x z
Kאאא±ZK2
E1 – F
x8.6667 z
K1.20±Z ±ZK2
E1 – 3F3
K1.20 ± 520942.33ZאאאאK3
EFאאאאW
- 64 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
א א אא אאא
2
J Z EF EF א
4 2 32 06 29 1
4 2J 32631 32 06 33 2
000 000 32 06 31 3
8 96 19 33 א
- 65 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
Z אאאK1
x z
96 Z
32631Z 19 23 z אאאK1
3
x
Kאאא
2
±ZK2
x z
E1 – F
x8 z
K1.15±Z ±ZK2
E1 – 3F3
K1.15 ± 32631ZאאאאK3
EFאאאאW
א א אא אאא
2
J Z EF EF א
7.1289 2.67J 275 43 47 1
5.4289 2.33 2754344.33 275 43 42 2
0.1089 0.33K 275 43 44 3
12.6667 0.01J 728 11 13 א
- 66 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
Z אאאK1
x z
x 728 11 13 z
2754344.33ZZ אאאK1
3
Kאאא
2
±ZK2
x z
E1 – F
x12.6667 z
K1.45±Z ±ZK2
E1 – 3F3
K1.45 ± 2754344.33ZאאאאK3
- 67 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
EאFאאאאאאאW
EאאFאאאאW
Wאאאאא
KאאJ אאJ אאאJ
EFא
EFאא
KE2FאאEFאא
אא
EאFאאEאFאאEFאאא
W
אאWאאWאא
3W4W2
אאאאאאאא
אא،אאאא،א
E5Fאאאא
אאא15W20W10אא
K
אאאאא،אאא
Wאאאאאאא
00000000000000W4W3W2W1ZW00000000000000W4W3W2W1
K
- 68 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
אאא،אאא
אאאאאאאאא
W
1 00000WWWZ
2 W 1 1 1 W000000000000W3W2W1
2 2 2
كن 3 ك 2 ك 1 ك
W1
אאא
؟אאאK1،3،2،4אא
Wא
אאא
4W3W2W1Z4W3W2W1
1W3W2W4Z4W3W2W1
W2
אאאאאא א
؟אאאK6،1،2،3
Wא
אאא
1
1 WW 1 1 W000000000000W3W2W1
WZ
2 2 2 2
4 ك 3 ك 2 ك 1 ك
1 WWWZ
1 1 1 W000000000000W3W2W1
2 2 2 2
6 1 2 3
1 WWWZ
1 1 1 W000000000000W3W2W1
36 1 4 - 69 - 9
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
א א
אא
א36אE36،9،4،1Fא
Wאאא
K1W36W9W 4Z4W3W2W1
אאאאאא
WEFאא אK1
אאאא
Wאאא
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKH33H22H11
Z
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKH3H2H1
xCz
xz Z
W
KאאאZ
KאZ
KאאZ
KאZxz
WאEF אK2
EFאאEFאאאא
- 70 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
–Z
W
KאZ
KאאאZ
KאאZ
אאא אאאא
KZאCא
WEFאאאא אK3
x2 C z
±Z
E1 – F
W
KאאאאאZ
KאZ
KאZ2
KאאZ
אZxz
WאEFאא אK4
2
x C z
±Z
E1 – FC x z
W
- 71 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
KאאאאZ
KאZ
KאZ2
KאאZ
אZxz
Wאאא אK5
אאאא±אאא
±Zאאאא
W1
WאאEFאא
א אא א
9 592.04 1
4 592.01 2
36 592.10 3
1 592.10 4
- 72 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
Wא
؟EFאאא K1
؟אאא אK2
؟אא אK3
؟EFאאא אK4
Wא
2
x C z
±Z
E1 – F
x0.0486 z
Kא0.127±Z±Z
E3F
- 73 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
WEFאא אK3
2
x C z
±Z
E1 – FC x z
x0.0486 z
Kא0.018±Z±Z
E3 F C x50 z
WEFאא אK4
±Zאאאא
Kא0.018±592.082Z
Wא
KZE4C4FHE3C3FHE2C2FHE1C1F
KZE0.018J C1FHE0.018J C36FHE0.072C4FHE0.042C9F
W2
Wאא EFאא
אא אא א
3 173.02 1
2 173.05 2
5 173.10 3
؟EFאאאאא
Wא
אאא
- 74 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
1 1 1
WWZ 3W2W1
2 2 2
3 ك 2 ك 1 ك
1 1 1 Z3W2W1
WW
2 2 2
5 2 3
1 1 1
900WWZ 3W2W1
25 4 9
36W225W100Z3W2W1
2
x C z
±Z
E1 – F
x0.176 z
Kא0.297±Z±Z
E2F
WEFאא אK3
- 75 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
2
x C z
±Z
E1 – FC x z
x0.176 z
Kא0.016±Z±Z
2 F C x361 z
WEFאא אK4
±Zאאאא
Kא0.016±173.047Z
Wא
KZE3C3FHE2C2FHE1C1F
KZE0.053J C36FHE0.003J C225FHE0.027C100F
W3
א،אא
؟אאאאא
אא אא א
2 87.50 1
3 87.42 2
5 87.56 3
6 87.48 4
- 76 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
Wא
אאא
1 1 1
1 WWWZ 4W3W2W1
2 2 2 2
4 ك 3 ك 2 ك 1 ك
1 W 1 WWZ
1 1 4W3W2W1
2 2 2 2
6 5 3 2
1 1 1 1
900WWWZ 4W3W2W1
36 25 9 4
25W36W100W225Z4W3W2W1
2
x C z
±Z
E1 – F
x0.6755 z
- 77 -
E3F
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
Kא0.475±Z±Z
WEFאא אK3
2
x C z
±Z
E1 – FC x z
x0.6755 z
Kא0.024±Z±Z
3 F C x386 z
WEFאא אK4
±Zאאאא
Kא0.024±87.484Z
WEאאאאFאאאW
אאאאEFאW1
E451540FאאאאE 0000030Fאא
Wאאאא
؟אאא K1
؟אאא אK2
Wאא
E3Fאא E2Fאא E1Fאא
א
o L LL o L LL o L LL א
00 00 30 00 00 30 00 00 30
180 00 28 180 00 36 180 00 36
- 78 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
47 19 03 47 19 06 47 19 02
227 19 01 227 19 00 227 18 58
00 00 30 00 00 30 00 00 32
180 00 24 180 00 34 180 00 34
Wאא
E2Fאא E1Fאא
א
o L LL o L LL א
45 15 40 45 15 40
225 15 38 225 15 42
92 34 06 92 34 10
272 34 02 272 34 08
45 15 40 45 15 42
225 15 42 225 15 44
Wא
WE1Fאא
אאא א אא א אאאא אא
אא אא אאא o L // א א
00 00 30
000033
180 00 36
471827 000 471827
47 19 02
471900
227 18 58
3124133 000 3124133
00 00 32
000033
3600000 3600000 180 00 34
Z 360J 3600000Zא
אאDEאC1J FZאא
- 79 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
KאZ2DEC1J FZ
E2Fאא
אאא א אא א אאאא אא
אא אא אאא o L // א א
00 00 30
000033
180 00 36
471830.5 0.5 471830
47 19 06
471902
227 19 00
3124129.5 0.5 3124129
00 00 30
000032
3600000 1 3595959 180 00 34
1J Z 360–3595959Zא
אאDEאC1J FZאא
Kא0.5Z2DE1J C1J FZ
WE3Fאא
אאא א אא א אאאא אא
אא אא אאא o L // א א
00 00 30
000029
180 00 28
471834 1 471833
47 19 03
471902
227 19 01
3124126 1 3124125
00 00 30
000027
3600000 2 3595958 180 00 24
2J Z 360–3595958Zא
אאDEאC1J FZאא
Kא1Z2DE2J C1J FZ
- 80 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
E1Fאא
אאא א אא א אאאא אא
אא אא אאא o L // א א
45 15 40
451541
225 15 42
471827 1J 471828
92 34 10
923409
272 34 08
3124133 1J 3124134
45 15 42
451543
3600000 2J 3600002 225 15 44
2Z 360–3600002Zא
אאDEאC1J FZאא
Kא1J Z2DE2C1J FZ
E2Fאא
אאא א אא א אאאא אא
אא אא אאא o L // א א
45 15 40
451539
225 15 38
471824 1J 471825
92 34 06
923404
272 34 02
3124136 1J 3124137
45 15 40
451541
3600000 2J 3600002 225 15 42
2Z 360–3600002Zא
אאDEאC1J FZאא
Kא1J Z2DE2C1J FZ
Wאא
- 81 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
2
x C z
±Z
E1 – F
x30 z
K5.48±Z ±Z
E1 F
WEFאאא
2
x C z
±Z
E1 – FC x z
x30 z
K2.45±Z ±Z
E1 F C x5 z
- 82 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
WEFאא אK3
±Zאאאא
K2.45±471850Z
W2
אאאאאאאא
؟אאאאKא
EאאFאא אא א
3 65 30 22 1
2 65 30 18 2
5 65 30 15 3
4 65 30 20 4
Wא
אאא
4W3W2W1Z4W3W2W1
4W5W2W3Z
K653018.36ZZ
Wאאא אK2
2
x C z
±Z
E1 – F
107.2144 z
K98.50±Z ±Z
E3 F
WEFאאא
2
x C z
±Z
E1 – FC x z
z
K1.60±Z ±Z
E3 F C x14 z
WEFאא אK3
±Zאאאא
K1.60±653018.36Z
- 84 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
EאFאאאאאW
אאאא א
אאאאאאאא
180Zאאאאאאא
אאאא180Zאאא
Wאאא
Kאאאא
אאאאEאFאא
180CE2J FZאאאא
Wאאא
אאאא–אאאZא
WאאEאFא
אאDEאC1J FZאא
W1
אאא EFאאאא
W
1851ZEFא403037ZEFא841020ZEFא
55
؟אאאאאא
Wא
אאא א אאא אא
84 10 24 4 84 10 20
40 30 41 4 40 30 37
55 18 55 4 55 18 51
180 00 00 12 179 59 48 א
- 85 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
180CE2J FZאאאא
180Z180CE2–3FZ
אאאא–אאאZא
12J Z180J 1795948Z
אאDEאC1J FZאא
K4Z3DE12J C1J FZ
W2
WאאEFאאא
893519ZEFא851944ZEFא
1001131ZEFא845318ZEFא
؟אאאאאא
Wא
אאא א אאא אא
85 19 46 2 85 19 44
89 35 21 2 89 35 19
84 53 20 2 84 53 18
100 11 33 2 100 11 31
360 00 00 8 359 59 52 א
180CE2J FZאאאא
360Z180CE2–4FZ
אאאא–אאאZא
8J Z360J 3595952Z
אאDEאC1J FZאא
- 86 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
- 87 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
אWא
אא אאא א
אאאאאאא
Wאא،א
Kא אK1
Kא אK2
Kא אK3
א
אאא
Kא
Average Error EFא אK1
א،אאאא
Wאאאאאא
x⎢ ⎢ z
Z
1 –
W
KאאW
KאאW⎢⎢
KאאW
Standard ErrorEFא אK2
אאאאאאא
אא
Wאאא
- 88 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
2
x z
Z
1 –
W
KאאאאאZ
KאZ2
KאאZ
KאZxz
Probable Error EFא אK3
אא،EFא
אאאא אא
אאא،א
אאאא א،אא
אא אאאאאא
אא אא،EאFאאא
Wאאאא
WEFאאK
1H
CZ
2
WEFאאK
1+ 2 +
2
Z
2
- 89 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
W1
אאא،1אא
Wאאאא6812אא
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
25 16 24 12 13 27 18 30 11 24 אאא
44 10 40 30 30 33 28 32 31 22 אאא
؟אאאאא
Wא
אאא
א א אא א אא א
2
⎢⎢ J Z EF EF
16 4 4J 24 1
81 9 9 11 2
100 10 10J 30 3
4 2 2 18 4
49 7 7J 27 5
20
49 7 7 13 6
64 8 8 12 7
16 4 4J 24 8
16 4 4 16 9
25 5 5J 25 10
420 60 200 א
- 90 -
אא 107 אאא
אא 2J אא א
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