Properties of Matter All matter has certain characteristics that can either be OBSERVABLE PROPERTIES or MEASUREABLE PROPERTIES. T.OBSERVABLE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER A. Def 8. Examples - COMPLETE THE TABLE BELOW USING THE NOTES, State | Pattern ‘Movement Shape; Volume Examples Solid Liquid Gas PlasmaI, MEASUREABLE PROPERTIES OF MATTER ‘A. Def = B. Examples- COMPLETE THE CHART AS WE TAKE NOTES Property Definition Calculate ‘Materials Units ‘Mass Weight Volume Liquid Volume Regular Solid Volume Irregular Solid DensityC. Density vs. Heat Describe what happens to an object's density as you add heat. Describe what happens to an object's density as you take away heat. TI. Chemical Properties A. Def- B. Examples - 1. Flammability. 2. Reactivity-Cece cece cet ccccccccccccc i enue gues ee er One Properties of Matter ‘A property is a characteristic that describes matter. Matter has both physical properties and chemical properties. hysical ie ‘The physical properties of a substance can be observed or measured without chemically changing the substance. Some examples of physical properties are color, luster (shine), malleability (ability to change shap2), brittleness, odor, taste, density, texture, hardness, electrical conductivity, heat conductivity, bolting point, melting point, and freezing point. Chemical Propenies The chemical properties of a substance dotermine whether or not it will roact chemically The chemical activity of a substance is defined as how easily the substance reacts with another substance. The chemical activity of elements depends on how easy it is for them to gain or lose electrons and how many electrons they have in their outer shell, The elements are grouped together in the periodie table based on their chemical properties. Write C or Pto indicate whether each of the following is a chemical or physical property. Antioxidants are used as food preservatives in margarine. ‘White phosphorous glows in the dark. White phosphorous ignites easily. Graphite is @ good lubricant. Gold does not react with water. Strontium reacts with water. Gallium has a melting point of about 86° Fahrenheit, Iron rusts when itis exposed to air. Diamonds are the hardest substance known to humankind, Ooroarons WTName Date_____ cas. MT cee Make a State-ment Complete this worksheet after you finish reading Chapter 2, Section 2. tach figure below shows a container that is meant to hold one state of matter Identify the state of matter, and write the state on the ine below the corresponding figure. Then write teach of the descriptions listed below in the ‘more than one box. Particles are close togethes, Particles are held tightly in place by other particles. Particles break away completely from one another, changes volume to fill ts container ‘changes shape when placed in a different ‘container correct boxes. Some descriptions may go in. can be used in hydraulic systems bef Boyles law amount of empty space can change hhas definite shape particles vibrate in place does not change in volume thas surface tension State of matter Description REINFORCEMENT & VOCABULARY REVIEW WORKSHEETS 101 bhp CHAPTER?WHAT IS MATTER? Observe the examples of matter listed below and record 5 physical properties and 1 chemical property, if there is one, abou each, MATTER PHYSICAL PROPERTIES ‘CHEMICAL PROPERTIES: 1, Beaker of water 2, Beaker of vinegar 3, Ice cube 5. Balloon of air 6. Sugar cube 7. Sugar cube in water GS ONFP SONS ONA|TSONE|S a wR Ga ONE|PSeNE)@. Burning candle 9. Earthworm 10.6reen plant oPene|saenelpaene For each of the following statements, write an observation from the table that would make each statement true. 1. Matter may be either living or nonlving. 2, Matter may be solid, liquid or gas. 3. Matter may have an odor or no odor at all 4, Matter can undergo many kinds of changes. 5. Often, the original matter change so much that it appears to be destroyed. 6. Matter can be detected using the senses.7. Tn some types of changes, matter may look different but is really unchanged ‘Another property of matter is called a chemical property. Chemical properties are described as when the matver is completely changed and cannot return to its original form, 8. What two examples in the chart show chemical properties? 9. What chemical property of iron causes millions of dollars of damage every year to objects made of iron?Name a Chass _ SKILLS PRACTICE Measuring: Liquid Volume ‘White your answers tothe questions below inthe spaces pro vide: you need more space, use the back of tis sheet. “The volume ofan object is the amount of space it takes ‘up. You will often measure the volume of liquids using a graduated cylinder. ("Graduated” means thatthe cylinder {is marked with measurement units) Always ead a gradu ated cylinder at eye level. Also, water in a graduated ein ‘der has a curved surface called the meniscus. Read the volume atthe bottom of the meniscus. “Hints: Always check the unnumbered marks on a ‘graduated cylinder to see how many sections there are and what they measure Also, sometimes ‘you have to estimate a measurement between {Wo ‘marks, Prove to yourself that both graduated cylinders on the right contain 25 ml, ‘Whats the volume of the liquid shown in gradu- ated cylinders 1-4 below? What isthe total vol- ume in graduated cylinder 5? Lod 6.[F the diagrams for Questions 4 and 5 show the same graduated cylinder before land after the rock was added, what can you infer about the volume ofthe rock? 1. Think About It Describe how you can use a graduated cylinder to measure the volume of an iregular object.Stay ro Tod Lsi>N cml eratedName wuliuita Lites Volume by Water DisplacementiainVolume of a Solid Practice bas° Poriod To measure the volume ofa roguar object: 1. Picany comer of ti objet 2. Measure he treo sts that conect to that comer 5: Multiply thom togthor (VL x WH) som Volume = length x with x height Bemxazenxsson 2cem—], } 92 2.4 on 7 2 = been 20m : tem VeLxwed) pte res 24m 196m aon x Been 24 om a 5 6 30. 62am Js4om Bem sion eel) leon 18am 3sen F 8, 7 om 440m) a 230m 280m ‘ 520m —_ ean a fem atmeee [resource Link] POET sign dents worksheet 55: fearongng Agra Eve fons top hem ndestand the density eqution. )jeuo Have students pvloun ab 2 te: Comparing the Buoy fancy of Borent Objects the in econ. (EE Hove sides use Doioshest Dao recd the resus fom y nel. Basti > en oben ego you {orale dy you eas Yorn sie formas Tkipng othe ofthe ety egitim ole ‘aul eed tz tle fomat te oto 0 Proto Pree 627 > orca eter tlume by ising bash ies fhe ‘ret shown above by tbe guron a Pace ‘tee 299. ‘The density of gid or sd uraly reported nuts of ams per eubic centimeter (gem. For example, 100 cr! of ter bet anasof 10, deny is 10.0 g fr every 10cm, {F100 ge? As yoa learned in Seton 12, a cubl center Contains te sane volume aa alter Therefore in some aes, Sou may Sethe densi of water exposed ae I pa. [ Dons fee now that 10.0 om ofSorbas amas of 9.7 Thar desty oie? BD stn en andi es BD ste eon or dey Deny Me peeof tina mse 1652 ganda volume £226 cm? What the deny of tn? Arman bars S00 ct? bl completly ied wih 165 go a heraed 2500 cm Eat o capacy with O36 go as {hte Deere te Soaty of the mabwance, Guts he sas ‘ane iea gua guido ait ‘a ihpice a dba vane of 7c? an aa 8757 Pedic ey Using he dats Table 2, uae, tibet sement het oul sg The mos closer pice ol ster 48.5 Determine the dey of i mater, ‘eat ine noon cst that ae eneity oF gles and Veta oc? ‘fret id wood have erent desis The et of, pine sgeral soe plan? What ie the mas of 80? eco pic? ans he vote of 52 gf metal eth density 09.0 gem? 2 Dimonis ova ensiy of 35 pem™ How bigie a amend Ut Taree of 0108?cjarree REINFORCEMENT WORKSHEET A Matter of Density omplete this worksheet after you finish reading Chapter 1, Section 2. magine Ouat you work at a chemical plant. This moming, four differ int liqui’ chemicals accidentally spilled into the same tank. Luckily, hhote of the licuids reacted with each other! Also, you know the liguids do not dissolve in one another, 30 they must have settled in thd tank in four separate layers. The sides of the tank are made of Steel, so you cen only see the surface of what's inside. But you need to Femove the red chemical to use in reaction later this afternoon, How will you ind and remove the red chemical? By finding the chemicals’ diflerent densities, of course! ome _ The following liquids were spilled into the tank: “+ a green liquid that has a volume of 48 Land a mass of 36 kg «+ ablue liquid that has a volume of 144 Land a mass of 129.6 ke, «+ a red liquid that has a volume of 96 L and a mass of 115.2 kg «a black liquid that has a volume of 120 Land a mass of 96 kg, 1. Calculite the density of each ligutd, Green tiqud Blue Hquict (ie Black quis: 2, Determine the order in which the liquids have settied in the tank. First (bottom) Secone: Third: —_—_____ Fourth (top): —___— 3. Use colored pencils to sketch the liquid {ayers in the container in the diagram on the nest page. 4, What Lind of property did you use to distinguish between these four ‘chemicals? ‘a. 2 chemical property a physical property fe. a liquid property 4. Notivof the abovecana ks re an NT Date Cas [AMatter of Density, continued +5, Now that you know where the red chemical is inside the rank hhow can you remove 1? RINFORCEMENT & VOCABULARY REVIEW WORKSHT‘roth ©, a en en. fr Name MATH IN SCIENCE Density Calculate density, and identify substances using a density chart. Density isa measure ofthe amount of ras na certain ‘volume. This physical property is often use td identify and Densities of Substances Slassify substances. ILS usually expressed in grams per cubic Density tentimeters, or g/em?."The chart on the right Its the densities | substance | (g/cm) Df some common materials E Gad [i9.3 equaTion: density = Mercury [135 lead [tia ° tron | 7.87 SAMPLE PROBLEM: What is the density of billiard ‘Aluminum [3.7 ball thathas a volume of 100 cm? and 2 mass of 250 g? masa Eo Gasaline 1066-069 ‘Air (ary) | 0.00119 25 glam Your Turn! 1. A loaf of bread has a volume of 2270 em! and a mass of 454 g. What is the density of the bread? 2, Alter of water has a mass of 1000 g, What is the density of water? (Hint 1 mi, = 1 cm’) 3. A block of wood has a density of 0.5 s/o? and a volume of 1.2 cm*. What is the lock of wood? Be carefull ‘mass of th 4. Use the data below to calculate the density of each unknown substance. Then use the density chart above to determine the identity of each substance. ‘Votume (cm?) Density (g/cm?) Substance 350 aim 1s m 148 “0 e475 250 4. 680 1000 MATH SKILLS FOR SCIENCE 35;e Name a Gas Review. and ReInrorceMENT Volume and Density _ KEY CONCEPTS. ‘A Matec's anything that has masa. A Dbpity isthe mass per unt and yelume, volume of an beet. Sl Vocabulary Stille: Using Definitions Write a short paragraph in which you explain how the following terms are relned. matter mass. —svolumie «density property I The Cease of the Missing Crown: Exploring the Malin Ideas, Imagine that you are living in Europe i the Middle Ages. You bare been sane Shed by the king of your land to Gelp in a ver) Important matter. Sommcome har stolen the King’s solid gold crown, The bing has awed: proclareation offering a.reward of 500 gold coins forthe safe return of his Crown, The probigg is Guat the 8 pe! they al Look exgetly like the-missing crown! Your job ax brilliant sient is to find out which crown isthe teal one, The chasr bps shows'some data that you have collected on one batch of crowns 8 a, then answer the ea Bensrky ef geld Is 19 3g/em> [Grown [Volume (om) | Mae a) [Density (3)o 1290is data? Why is tha property 1. what property af each crown can you determine flor this valuable? ae of the data, calculate the property that you named | Inthe spaces provided to the right question I ‘Based on your calculations, do you think that Why oF why not? any of these ciowna could be the real on ‘crowns do you think are fakes? Why? 4 Which of hese: a E ae . i prrece cee agin are madd (ff OF wha did you base your gues? 55. Can you guess what the fake, ee a ec eet fe crowne were made to look like the real crown? 46, How do you think the fake\\ LIQUID LAYER CAKE NAME PROBLEM: Does the order in which you add liquids of different densities to a container affect the order of the layers formed by the Wiguidls? 1. Identify each liquid as the teacher explains each. Write down the order in which it was added. 2. What happened to the green liquid when it was added? What does this mean? 3. What happened to the yellow liquid when it was added? What does ‘this mean? 4. What happened to the blue liquid when it was added? What does this ‘mean?55. Color in the beaker putting the layers in order and write in the nome of each liquid = 6. Pretend that this model represents a small portion of the ocean. Floating in this ocean is an oil tanker filled with crude cil. Suddenly, the tanker runs ‘aground on a reef. A huge hole is ripped in the vide and oil gushes out. ‘Assume that the crude oil has the same density as the corn cil A. Why does the oil pose such a great danger? B. Who is in greater danger, fish and bottom duellers or birds ond sea mammals? Why? C. How is the density of the oil an advantage in the cleanup? D. Why would ar oil spill be an even greater disuster if the density of the oil were the same as that of the corn syrup? UwUNDERSTANDING DENSITY. 41. Explain why @ hot air balloon rises? 2. Explain why the pressure in your bike tires change as the weather changes. 3. Describe how the water at the equator would be different from the. water at the poles. 4, Describe the importance of insulation in a house. ‘5, When you spray air freshener, what happens to the molecules,6. Why should you always keep the ceiling fan'on in the winter? 7. While swimming at the lake, you discover that the water is cooler the deeper you dive. Why? 8. Why do icebergs float? 9. John let the cold water run for a while before turning on the hot water. He stegped into the bathtub expecting the water to be warm. What do you think he discovered and why? 10. Your mother tells you to open a jar of homemade dill pickles for supper, but you find the lid is stuck. Explain why running the lid under warm water will loosen itwating DENSI! ‘Type of Candy Bar Dents the measurement ofthe amount fatten an object per unit of volume: The amount of matter in an objects the masweigh®). The space it takes up Is volume. You cn havea large object ‘thathas a large volume and nota large mass and vice versa. You must ‘calculate the mass and volume to get the density. The formala for density is: mass DENSITY = VOLUME PROBLEM: Would cutting a candy bar in halfaffect the density ofa candy bar? pothesis if then PROCEDURE: INC 7. Using the balance, find the mass ofal sold object: 2. Place data in the table provided. 1. Find the length, width, and helght of the candy bar. 2. Multiply length, width, and height find volume. 5 Place the volume in the data table. 1E DENS fE 1 Calle the density ofthe cay Bat 2. Place the density in the data table. Y. E 4. Uasinga ruler to measure the center, cut the cindy bar In halfand repeat A,B, and C 2. Place data in the data table Data table Mas Volume Density Whole Candy Bar Half Gandy BarPart ‘Problem: Will different candy 2ars have different density? Hypothesis: f Procedare: then 4. Walk around the room and find 3 other groups that have different candy bars and collect their Information to place in data table 2 Whole candy bar ass Volume Density Your candy bar Candy Bar Candy Bar Candy bar Cenelusion| Paragraph 1 ~ Explain how yor got the density of your candy bar Paragraph 2 ~ Explain how cutting it in halfaffected ts density. Paragraph 3 ~ Explain how the density of your candy bar compared tothe others. Why would they be different?ANALYSIS AND CONCLUSIONS 4. Which candy bar is more dense! Explain why. 2. Explain which candy bar will latin water. 3. What can you conclude about the relationship ofan object's density and ts ability tofloat? 6. Willan object with a mass of 54g anda volume of 20cm float in water? Prove your answer by showing your work. BA [ar contains 30ml of glycerin (mass=57.8g) and 60m of com syrup (mass*B2.8q), Which liquid is on top? Show your work and explain your answer,