MODULE B > CITY Focus on reading Sentence completion; matching > Fc on LS pag 33 ins three para eee Questions 1-6 ‘me lrger arn oy en 1 ais eri : : 2 coon 2 Senshin Sotion sla atl a cap becuse they we © ‘banenes 3 At present, the majority of Ugandans use batteries and kerosene q eee toa per e B ceca atone cone Sie 4 Ie nem. nascent pver | sm ely fn Hag foe S _Ithas been shown that in some places, saall-scale projects fate for energy production are more succesful than Dard 6s ce ere dag vice an 2 Complete each sentence withthe correct ending A-J from he bax 1 Gintam Knight tlieves tat for some purposes, it may be beter 1 Read the title and subheading of the text opposite. Without reading th ithout reading the rest ofthe text, answer the following questions, 1 What general problem isthe txt about? 2 Where does he problem exit, 3. What could bea possible sluion? 44 Whats one drawback otis soon? 1b Nov rea the ist andl paragraphs ofthe text o check your answers. € You can often get general picture of text quickly by looking for proper nouns. Look through the whole text quickly and underline or highlight ll the ‘Proper nouns which fer to people or institutions. What does that part ‘ofthe text tell you about the Foe of each ofthese? Spend no more than ‘wo minute om this ‘Example: (para B) fred Kaj — gaan derician ~ bos to gaa ange Ago Aston Ione type of sentence completion tat, you have to complete sentences using words rom a box. 4 Look through the sentence beganings 1-6 below: Some key words hare ‘ben underlined The same wards rein the text. Lao fr these words help you locate the paragraphs which contain the infrmation you need 1b Read the paragraphs you have marke carefully, and complete the task below Light years ahead Cheap solar panels could be the answer to Uganda's power shortage, but they are proving to be a hard sell ‘Uganda maybe ne alte woes porest counties, but it has been blessed wth 2 cla Wat is avast Derlec. With sunshine going spare, ene Ugandan ‘ecteian beleves he haste Slion to the couey’s Dower shortage ~ lowtech Sola parels tat can rn “jing om aro to able phone. 1 The lectin Fred Kaun, blogs tan orgarisaton own asthe Ugrde Change Agents Associaton, which els lel peopl lary sls Bat can make aderence to ter ies and the conearites. Members of the ‘rganistin, who ae snow 25 Change Ages, run ‘et uns, et up selfelp grous in ages, become face nal oles and, nM Kab’ case, pate the use of soar power He has set vos cam sal ‘company, Suntine Soon, which ofers customers & Solr pel to met ter every need 1c The materials for the solar panes come fom 3 ompay in Bit caled esin, st wp fve years 52 bya reted ever, Graham Knight. Me seen TV programme on he fvestion of 3 raco powered by oer Mr Keg deed that Soe parts ofthe org, sor power woud be a more elect enery Tesource fr tas and simi everyéayequoment. He Set upa frm to make the components fr lowcost sla pels for use in Aiea and South Arena, These ae taunt form, ogee with ntact on ow to fssenble them, Graham Kegs paral, whch use Smorous con, are ten times cheaper than the Cystine son panes mare conmery used for ge Scale solar power peoduchon. Susie Sobtons can therefore sel soar panels tat are moc ss expersie than he enes avaiable ne shops 1 Only a sma moray of Ugandens curenty have eces fo mans elect, wih leaves most fariles ‘efonton tere to powe th radios arden erosne ‘aps to kt tha houses. Bu for ust 15,000 slings (S850, the same price os two moxths! sippy of bateres, one of the sor patels sod by. Sunstine Soon can rn a rad for several years. spe ot th, prov rue forthe company o persuade people to inestin te solr panes. Ahough the sla ates work ot cheaper han batteries inthe long tem ‘he al costs more han any people can find. Uganda last beng poner to poe wages over the eve years, wh th bulng of aig da onthe le Bit even fhe arbtous plans for ral election sveceed ter wl sil be sections ofthe popaton hat Camat sord 0 hook up to the natn gril. The ‘eroerenc of he last ecue of decades in evlting Eeanties is that anbous schemes arena fect» feting power to the poorest peopl, says Agen Shins, an exert kom te New cones Funder Landen, ‘Smatscale entepies have a bate tack record at geting energy tothe poole who need & Bete ssl od ater renenable energy souces ‘low counties o ao the fects pon canst by ey rlace on ssl es, Mr Simms says Even the Werid Bank, often ertcived tor beng oteeseed wh lrgescle power projets, recognses that ere i ce for slr power. According toa bed Bark represeraive, slr power can te an efetve complement to gibased lcci, which i often 00 ‘oat or spare sted ag remote areas. {Bat even cheap tctwloy i ard to sl na com ‘ier ha te population ves Del the poverty ine and there are few ellecive marketing 2nd dstrinion Comal, Mr Simms beteves atthe oly sion fo ‘Sireadng sr every more wes gavernent ‘sibedes,Decouse the nial costs ofthe slr omer ‘Danes are beyond most Reusehal budgets 14th meat, Mr Kas iring is hopes of he Spread cf merocredt schemes tat wt oar money fo fares to hep tam rie te cash for hs products Hs ‘crgay has yt to make prof, tough he sys ales te picking up. He is planing anoter ito the ‘ours o daontrae fs Slr parels 5 wells 3 ‘ew sl cooker Asked he evr gets downbeat he print othe met ons workshop wall Neve ge itsas a> Fat on TS page 22 TP The rane may not ee ganin ney meer a pes 3 Todo Exercise 2, you ad to find elated phrases in the qu text Which phrases from the questions relate to the following from the text 1 more effective > 2 less expensive 3 nly a small minority (loot for the opposite meaning) 4 over sevea years 5 args schemes (lok fr the opposite meaning) 6 schemes 7 havea beter tack record pollution ‘This task involves matching two sets of information. One set willbe names ‘of people or things from the text. The second vet willbe statements, ‘opinions, theories, ct, The onder ofthe mumibered items (1,2, et) wll ‘ot be the same asin the txt. {Look through the tat quickly In which paragraphs wil ou find | information about the people A-D in the box below? (ee Fed Kat Kanon ‘Now complete the task below To help you the key word inthe statements have been underlined. Questions 7-13, Look atthe following descrprions (Questions 713) and the list of people below ‘March each person withthe desrition which relates so them. 7 He as setup business selling solar panes {8 He blives tat smal scale projects re the mast efetive way of providing people with power. 9 He blives he cam sola poem ffeting his count. 10 He says that solar powers more suitable than cls for fof ages where en few people ive 11 He uses ays ineapensve method 1 produce the component or solar pans 12 Hethinks that he government shoul help people by paying part the cost of solar ower product. 13 He suppons te ida of ending many to people to help them buy solar panels List of People ] A. Fred Kaj B Graham Knight © Andrew Sims Da Wend Bank sepresemtative Focus on listening Multiple choice (single answer); labelling a map Section 2 ‘In Section 2 ofthe Listening Modal, you isten to someone giving Information about an everyday topic. It could bea speech, a radio broadest ‘ora recorded message. urns cHoice 1 Multiple choice questions like the ones below are quite common throught ‘uisnions allsctions ofthe Listening Module. The questions will bein the same order ‘the information you hear aspire rossi Before you listen, lok at questions 1-5 and underline key words in each axswens ‘sentence beginning. This wl give you an idea of what toisten for. Lusrexincrorpaeatist 2. Toelp you deny the information you ned as you listen, look tthe EXPRESSIONS sentence beginnings and listen for rite words (these maybe parallel ‘expressions or the same words Match phrases in questions 1-5 tothe fllowing extract from the recording. 1 as orginally established 2 the number of stents in the schools just 9, compared to almost 20 1983 3 powered by 4 school hinches 5 special rust rmacrce 3. © Nowlisten tothe fst part ofthe recording nd do the tsk Questions 1-5 Choose the comec leer. Bor C 4 Theta teacher believes that primary pupils sould study problems which [Aare regional rater than lob. 1B. canbe solved locally. (© may have no clear answer. 1 Cranley Hill Pimary Scho fist opened in A 1830, B 1899, © 1988, 22 Ther are fewer pupils in the schoo! now ‘han inthe past Beas fame [A there ae not enough teachers ‘A they laf ood gen by the students have transport problems fra the local population ha declined. Bi cattyied oy tod rode 5 Thelen’ meals at school ae unusual {© she children ae involved in cooking the {3 Theta teachers proud that he school is a provided with energy from A. wind power fom thir own turbine coal fiom the local mines © electricity suppl by nearby ilges. TiP you a ots ark te awe you irks moe emer you wl 08 athe reorsng > Ideas fo spain and wren pag n aTABELUNGAMAP 4 In Section 2, you may have to label a map. You may be given the words you need ina box. The numbers on the map wil be inthe same oder as the information you hea Some information wil already be shown there, You ‘eed to look tthe numbered items and think about where they ae {Look atthe plan below. You ae her facing the front ofthe schoo AH net to Questions 6-10 bind capes foot lt Play equipment pond reoyeling centre sport fe Stoyeler’s chair | treehouse 8 c > a F G " “iP As ou hm pay 1 In which detonate you facing, north or south? oot 2. What ion the lt ofthe school building? Number ‘epein o 3 Whats at the far end ofthe ca park? Number ee ee 4 What isimmedtely bchind the school? The ‘Beer ou tn 5 What inn the bottom corner ofthe secret gaden? The. ieee 6 What isin the mide ofthe secret garde? Number 7 What sat the top endothe garden? The Questions 610 abel he map. (Choose ve anes from the at and wre the leters > dat for spain and wring page 14 u “comPanine DATA 2 Uethe information in the Waiting task to ill the gaps Focus on writing Interpreting and comparing data ar cares 1 tn'Tak 1 you have tothinkabout both the meaning ofthe data in the task > Foc on LTS pages 19 “onernapan Rete Wing know notte ar hart noe tes and the language you ned to describe questions. 1 What information docs the horizontal axis show? How many sectors are there? What does cach bar represent? 2 What information des the vertical axis show? '5 Docs the diagram show changes or diferences? (Lookbackat Module A page 11 to compe) 44 Can you us language like ince and decrease when reporting the dat? 5 What are the main similares and ferences between the counties 16 What gram cures do you ned to use in your description? WRITING TASK 1 ‘You shoul spend about 20 mutes on this tsk, The bar chart gives information about the percentage of workers in diferent sectors fof employment in three countries different Steges of economic development. rite reper fora university lecturer describing the information shown. ‘orgs! rawr ae wn Beat Ore ite teat 150 words ith words from the ‘box Use each expression ce only “was rany ower ‘Uaget Wight ager peremage lamest proportion majority mare eloped most more 1 in apa the proportion ofthe workforce iin he 2 India has many _- poople employed inthe agricultural sector than either Japan or Bri bt ihas re WOR fn the indastial sector. 3 Beal as, vee Woes the agricultural sector thas inthe nda sector Tn ni nen Ope Wok the agricultural sector 5. The mmr Of workers in Brazil are inthe service sector 6 The. of fapanese worker ate employed inthe agricelurl sector Of the thee countries, lpan has the employes in the industrial eto. percentage of Countries which have economies seem to have ven ofthe workforce the eric sector. 2ssin PARALLEL 3 In Weting Tk you eed to tke pclae ova repetiion of wo and phrases. mf rete See “Match the expressions Below with paral expression frm the box. (sezee ‘same nant epee of eo | the lowest percentage of the workforce the working population aa 1 thehisht poperton fy th et pongo 2 people employed - 3 amequal umber of nen 4 the smal proportion of ewomDING 4k you simply copy your introduction directly from the Writing task onthe Tue nernopuction ‘question paper, this will not be considered as part of your writing Instead you need to reword~oF paraphrase ~ the information, Tiss ator portant Undertne the most appropriate words to rewrite the introduction from thetask ‘he hat 1 gives information about / compares / presents th 2 percentage of workers majority of workers / proportion ‘ofthe workforce nla 3 different sectors of ‘employment /agrcutue indutey and service sectors liferent industri sectors in thre countries / Japan, Brazil and India / thee economically diferent counties. WRITING THEDESCRIPTION 5 Now complete the main body ofthe description by filing inthe gaps wth appropriate expressions Use two words foreach answer, nf al we cn eat bh pl Rta Be eae fe wz te soe tr od 0% rept) Ba whe 2 pol cng i ie pat stor tho 7 wrong pri 3 of pis wok ine ‘ode al ay 5 eh sft in fees wk inky ol he rnin 2 a the sre se 6 NDING THE DESCRIPTION ale data tes ha ‘sues thre dpe ‘sos he hier proprio of sores it intl a sere Sects than i te gc orincron LaNguace 10 ia fs fet repr Uf orer nthe agra Stor and Bl has mort errs ns er OPO 6 In Witng Tish J tis god ideato end your answer by summarising the ‘main information shown bythe dram. You ae nt required to explain {his information. “Which ofthe two conclusions below isa better ending forthe description in Exercise 5 ‘ds, ane pa andl hae ware wakes te ‘nds and serie seco, Tas ase hy hae ested cvs ee ws a are dsp ome a rae avers whi mak th see esr gow Wc age ites cous ae whe otha ue werk ae ad. 7 Under the logical links that are used to help organise the description in ercines Sand 6. Example: Fst f ll 8 There are ive thing ou shou check your answer fr before you eit the Ianguage, Complete these questions. aye you reworde the veorand no just copied i Have you focused on the ain 2 ronan wed figures as examples 5 Have you used appropriate ver to describe the datat 4 Hine you ended with ~~ statement, not an explanation? 5 ae you written a eae =~ word 9 «Read the description in Exerc again, Why aresome ofthe figures in brackets and others not? 'b- Now rad the sentences belowand correct them. 1 Bra has the same proportion of workers inthe agricultural and industrial sector, 25% i ech. 2 In Bra and Japan the majority of workers 50% and 61% respectively work inthe serie sector. {Japa has the most worker in he industri sector and the Fewest in the agriclarl sector 32% and 7%. nda as the fewest woke in the service sector at 2%. The lowest proportion af Indian workers 119 are in the industri 2 Read these extract from student? responses. Find five common mistakes and match them thelist below. Seah igen workers engl nth ria ae me ts nt pti fl re, ‘Common mistakes 1 Mise of comparativesuperative forms 2 Activepassie ver confused 5 Incortect punctuation 1b Now correct the mistakesFocus on speaking Comparing and contrasting > Foca on LS pages 214-215 Part aad ft pang Meds med goon hat tur youtan nr rio date shape ‘SSivetnge ef de lo «Lata gene * Wa erotica iyo i WP) neste 1b Write down thee advantages ofeach typeof plac. You can use phrases, with adjectives (x. quiter) or nouns (eg fewer cars) or adverbs (eg, live more comfortaby, iy = “igs ‘nor oti [Now write down thre disadvantages of each tye of place. = Village ss peace oe hae 2-2 © Listen ta student anewering question 1 above and tick the ‘comparative expressions he uss from thelist Belo (i) mach more exciting (theyre) exactly he same (here are) more shops (che sucets are) busier 5 (there's) to0 mich trafic (there's) more to do (in the evenings) (gos can have) much more fan (here ate) fe foer scrapers (ving in village). much healthier (there) les polation (leis) mach quiter (Gis) ot es rome 1b Look atthe words the speaker used organise his response What order did he sy them in? because 1 on the other band well 1a prefer to 5 Thespealer in Eerie 4 dosnt ust say homes ae diferent now | Make notes on questions 2-4 similar to the ones you made in Exercise 2 (Do you think is beter olive in a modern) fat oran old house Why?) A — a V3 (Weald you rater tive ina modern town (Ce ere ir nt Wi 4 (Wald you peer vein the ty cente») Cee ori the suburbs Whyt) 1b Answer questions 1-t using expressions from Exercises 1 and2 notes. Record yourefifyou can. year 4 to Par, you may be asked to compare a current situation with apast situation, You ned tobe caefl ith tenses in order to desribe past and present haite apd situations. Read the question then listen to students response and il the gas ‘with words hat you hear. (Be you think modern homes are diferent from “ Thome your grandparents had? Yes theyre People inthe past edt ive in 2a houses because 3 peopleived together then. They were buildings are now. of cours, and they were 5. confortable to live in. Nowadays people tend to lv in las which are 6 wat eye — wth central heating and running water and so on lens they ae ‘completely differen When speaking, tis ery natural to stessthe fiference by using modifying expressions 4 Look at the phrases below and cross out the incorrect modifying ‘expression in each one Talo / more or fs the same 2 egret del compete newer 3 much aly darker 4 fr relly polite 1» © Nowlin toa speaker taking hoa uetion 1 Blow and check stern ec Try bulig ery difrn fom hs in our endure ay 2 Doyo think mdr homes te dierent rom ome Yor frandprens ha? 3 Boyou thin ies ae the sae day athe wre 50 ear a 4 Doyo ink pope know mre rls south word than hy ime past 5 very much ilerent © 0 /farigher 7 tal ot new {6 Now usc expressions from Exercise Sain response to questions 1-4 sore Record yourself ifyou ean. » ae0 LANGUAGE REVIEW B 1 Topic wocabulry overview Module B (Focus on IELTS Units 3 and 4 cvered a range of topics connected withthe way peopl ve Aogether and thir shar of the world’ resourses. 4 Complete the mindmaps Below using werd from thebox. “agrcuare ich congstion cops densely developed developing expectancy facies financial irgation land literacy poverty rosperity rural stenderdrben wages, 1b Nov complet these extracts using words and ‘expressions from the completed mindmsps Listening Section 3: Growing rice in Vietnam ent: Next, we looked at rural aca of Vietnam, Here, most people make thir living through asthereis line industry One ofthe main 2 srw is ice. This needs 3 and plenty of water, ‘Usually the ice plants are provided with ater through Wiring Task 2:The advantages of city life For the fst time i human history, ove 50% ‘ofthe words population lives ce. | many way it makes ene oie in |s ares, rather than in emote areas inthe countryside where the population is more settered, Those living in (Sennen HCH OWNS OF es have easy accesso Services such as lett and they have ahigher than those in ura areas, together with improved rates of Bruen higher ie 10 00d 12. low ie 16 oot heh 18 «© Look ack through the units and add more words tothe diagrams. 2 Paral phrases In many TELTS Reading and Listening task, you have to be able to recognise words and phrases with similar or parallel meanings The ability to use « wide range of vocabulary is alo assessed inthe Speaking and Weitig Modules, Foreach sentence, find two more words or phrases {om the box with similar meaning tothe word in italics, rdw asocatons but det eerpriss ‘high proportion of low-tech he majority of flstacks ogunistions schemes, stumbling Boos ambit contracted 1 Governments could provide subsidies to ‘encourage lel proj = vs Using alternative energy sources, 2 In some countries, large dams have been made/ eal to provide power, but ‘hese sometimes have harmfleflecs om the Unfortunatly her ate many problems J Tene He WAY OF ‘Goveloping a ecient recycling ss 4 fe, small-scale / projets ae more ent than age ee plans 5 Vocal and national gr | cme vena A 0 be formed wo adress the patiems of poverty and unemployment {6 May people ace having 10 Fa nnn coe thet Bones in the rural ares ‘ide to sck workin he cites 7 In many parts of the Wot, st none vn people ve in urban ares. 3 Describing qualities and quantities For Wilting Task 1, you often ave to describe uals and quantities. (See Module B pages 25) 4 Read through the following sentences and choose the expresion initalics which best comptes tach of them Both expressions are grammatically Correct: you must think about the meaning and ‘ecie which one gies coreet information. 1A ch owe / ar higher quantity of wast is proce by households in the USA than in Chins. Tack of electric a much more / or less serious problem in Uganda than in North America {3 Sarprisingly; world population figures in 1700, Ino were more ore the sume asa ret dea higher than 1200. 4 Burying rubbish underground is probably a ches lightly more effective solution than burning as Burning produces barmful chemical. A significa retr/ igh lower ‘Proportion of households in Berlin have running water, compared with Ho Chi Mink wy. 6 Trapped that popltion growth may bea rather less /far mae urgent issue now than 20 year ag asthe increase shows signs of Sescing down 7. Inthe future, hydrogen could be a mich ss / {ar more important energy resource than 8 One ith ofthe world’s population consumes 1 farlanger/ mack aller amount ofthe ‘works sources than the remaining fou. fits pot together. A signify higher /cansideraby lower perenlage of people travel to work by public transport in Moscow than in Ls Angles. 10. Many envitonmentalists elev that Tene proportomf ta expenditure Se 1) Wedont oon do that tent not ring the Mead the quetion and a candidate's response. Complete the candidat’ response sing phrases and sentences fom the ist 2d on the right xamine:Do you think the way peopl at ow is erent fom the way they ate Your tpandprens day? (anda Yes hink is change a rest deal For eample ny gandparcrs bays sel 0 Ive then mal the mile ofthe 1 And they at ahi breaks coke ire Din And my grandparents just these tert fo everyday 3 son But suppose themain difernce that in my srandpuren day they ny everyone wed st owen and eat opti round he able every mea fn HS yey vwek,Beause weal gt home at diferent by bat we have much more varie alot of our food isimported from other countries, ©) bat nowadays we'll at work the, 20 we ave tin the evening. <4) butwe don’ sully do that ~ actully to be hone lots ofthe ime I don't have anything to eat atall just coffe,