M. We HOLBEN. winoatt.. APPLICATION FILED MAY 8, 1915 1,201,184. Patented Oct. 10, 1916. 2MW. HOLBEN, WinomiLL, 1,201,184. Aercanio FMED WATERS. od ot, 10,1018 2 SMEETS—SHEET 2.10 16 20 26 30 36 40 45 50 5b, UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. MARVIN W. HOLBEN, OF GARY, INDIANA. ‘WINDMIEE. 1,201,184, Application filea May 8, 1915. To all whom it may concern. Be it Imown that T, Marvin W. Houses, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of Gary, in the county of Lake and State of Indians, have invented a new and useful Construction for Windmills, . of which the following is a full, clear, and comprehensive exposition and specification, the same being such as will enable others to make and use the same with exactitude, ‘My invention relates to a windmill adapt- ed to revolve in 9 horizontal plane, with vertical sails operating about a central ver- tical axis common to all, and each, sail adapted to revolve on its own axis inde- pendent of the said central axis, and having means for turning the sails into and out of operative position. ‘The object of my invention, broadly speaking, is to provide a windmill adapted to develop a maximum of power, which will be strong snd durable in construction, neat and attractive in appearance, easily ‘ope ated and controlled, efficient in practic which all of its parts are easily acces not liable to become inoperative through wear or breakage, and which ean be manu- factured and sold, and installed, at a com- paratively low price. More specifically stated, my object is to provide a horizontal windmill adapted to travel upon a circular track, having a plu- rality of sails for engaging the wind, with means for automatically and progressively bringing the sails broad-side to the wind, and then returning them edgewise against the wind, in order to cause the mill to re- vole in a definite predetermined direction as desired Other subsidiary objects and particular advantages of the invention will be brought. out in the course of the following descrip- tion, and that which is new will be eorre- lated in the clain Various means may be employed for carrying out the prinefples of my invention in a practical. manner, certain of which are shown in the accompanying drawings,-in which- Figure 1 is a central vertical section of the invention, there being but one series of sails shown in this instance. Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the arrangement shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a central vertical section of the azrangement in which I show a plural series of sails. Fig. 4 is an enlarged vertical de- Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Oct. 10, 1916, Serial No, 26,677. tail section of the central gearing for con- trolling the sails, and showing the means for placing the mill into and out of gear. Fig. 5 is an enlarged vertical detail section of the gearing for the sails. Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail elevation. of the parts shown in Fig. 5, but taken at right-angles thereto. Similai indices denote like parts through- out the several views. In order that the construction, the opera- tion, and the advantages of my invention may be fully understood and appreciated I will now take up a detailed description thereof, in which T will set forth the several features of the invention as fully and as comprehensively os T may. Referring now to the drawings in detail: letter A denotes an embankment which may be formed to carry the horizontal circular track 1, however the track may be laid on a frame construction, ‘There are several methods by which my invention may be carried out, certain of which are shown in the drawings, but all of which involve the sume general’ principle, and in order to make the invention clear T will first refer to the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 wherein I employ eight vertical parallelogram wings or sections whi Fadinte from the common center, extending outward to the track 1, Each of the said wings comprises an upper bar 2, a lower bar 8, and the two vertical bars 4 and 5, which are all connected together at their ends. ‘The inner ends of all of the bars 2 are con- nected to the upper central disk 6, while the inner ends of all of the bars 3 are connected to the lower central disk 7. Bach of the frame sections thus formed is made rigid-b a pair of eross-bars 8 and 9, ‘The outer ends of the bars 2 and 8 project outward some distance beyond the bar 5 to form arms for carrying the sails, in the manner herein- after set forth. Each of the sails 10 is com- posed of a paneled frame, which is com- paratively light in weight, and which is adapted to revolve horizontally, its lower end being mounted by the pivot 11 to the outer end of the bar 3, with its upper end pivoted to the outer end of the arm 9, in the manner hereinafter set forth. The outer ends of the wings are connected by the con- necting bar-12, substantially as shown in Fig. 2 the outer end of each bar 2 being at- tached to the adjoining ends of two bars 12 by a gusset plate 18, which forms the as- 60 65 70 15 80 85 100B sembled wheel more rigid. Located at ench junction of a bar 2 with its connecting-bars 19 is a gear mechanism which is shown in section in Fig. 5, and each comprises a 5 jacket 14 which is secured to the bar 2 by the bolts « and B, or otherwise as desired. Rotatively mounted in the jacket 14 is the spindle 15, which projects above the jacket 14, Numeral 16 denotes the eap, which is se- cured to the upper projection of the spindle 15, by means of the key-bolt 17, with the lower end of the cap 16 resting in rotative contact with the upper end of the jacket 14, Formed integral with the lower end of the spindle 15 and extending out beyond and contacting with the lower end of the jacket 14 js the genr-wheel 18. Rotatively mount- ed in the spindle 15 is the stem 19 whose "upper end Js located below the key-bolt 1 and formed integral with the lower end o: the steam 19 is the large genr-wheel 20, which is located immediately below and con centric with the gear-wheel 18. And ex- tending down from the lower face of the gear-wheel 90, on ench side of the center thereof, are the two flanges 21 and 21” hav- ing bolt apertures therethrongh to receive a plurality of bolts 22, The center of the upper end of a sail 10 is adapted to fit in between said flanges, where it is secured by the bolts 92. Numeral 283 denotes a stub-pivot which ex- tends down from the bar 2, to which it is secured by the bolts 24, and it is located near the jacket 14, substantially as shown in Fig. 5.” Revolubly mounted on the pivot 23 aro the two gears 25 and 26, the former being of larger diameter than the latter, and they are integrally united together faco- to-face.” The gear 25 meshes with the gear- wheel 18, and the gear 26 meshes with the gear-wheel 20, all as shown in Fig. 5. Se- cured to the top of the cap 16, by the bolt 27, is the tail-arm 28, Referring to Figs, 1 and 2, itis apparent that all of the sails 10 are geared to the tail 48as follows: Secured around the spindle 37%, immediately above the disk 6, is the miter” gear 75. Carried by each of the sections is a shaft 76, each having secured to its inner end q miter-gear 77 which mesh with the miter-gear 75. On the outer end of each of the shafts 76 is secured a miter-gear 78 which mesh with their respective miter gears 78" carried by the wings 10. Tho means which may be employed to transmit the power of the mill to machinery to be operated thereby is shown in Figs. Land 8, wherein is shown the horizontal goar 31, which is concentric with the disks 6 and 7, ‘and it is secured to the underside of the bars 8, and it meshes with the relatively sta- tionary pinion 82, the latter being secured 5» to the upper end of the vertical shaft 38, 10 16 20 25 35 40 6 80 60 1,201,184 the latter having on its lower end the bevel rear 34, and meshing with the gear 31 is the bevel gear 35, which latter is secured on the inner end of the horizontal power shaft 36, from which latter power may be taken as desired. From the above it is evi- dent that the turning of the mill will re- volve the power shaft 36, at the speed to which it may be geared. Referring again to Fig. 3, there is shown extending up from the center of the disk 7 a hollow spindle 87°, which is located around the upper portion ‘of the shaft 88, which latter is revolubly mounted through the disk 6, and passes freely through the hub of the ear wheel 31, and secured on its lower end is the miter-gear 39 which meshes with the miter gear 40, the latter being secured on the inner end of the horizontal shaft 41, which latter extends ont beyond the track 1, with a hand wheel B secured on its outer end, the purpose of which will hereinafter be made manifest. Secured to the spindle 37 is the bracket 42 which carries on one end the large tail 43, and on its other end the counter-weight 44, It should be understood at this point that the large central tail 43 will not, ordinarily, he used when each or x part of the sails 10 are provided with a tail, as in Fig. 1, But when the individual ov small tails are dispensed with, as in Fig. 3, then the large tail 48 willbe employed anc it is then geared to ench of sails as shown tn Pig. 8 or otherwise as desired, ‘eferring now, more patricularly, to Fig, 3 jt will be noticed that the upper ball of said_view shows the wings each carrying 1 sail 10, the sume as in Fig. 1, but in'this instance the individual tails and their mech- anisms are omitted, anil all of the sails axe controlled by the single large central tail 43, this is accomplished as follows: The spin- die 87 extends down through the disk 6 and terminates in a downwardly projecting collar 37* which surrounds the upper por- tions of the bushing 45 around which it op- erates, which latter is cecured to the disk 7, as shown in Fig. 4. The collar 37* has 2 tongue a” in ite lower end which is adapted to fit in the notch 6’ in the upper end of the collet 37°, whereby said spindle and col- let may be loeked together or the spindle. 37 may be lifted up and turned with relation to and without moving the collet. ‘The lower end of said collet rests on the disk 7. Extending out around the lower end of the collet 87° is the bevel gear 46, which may be integral therewith. “Extending out. par- allel with each of the lower bars 3 of the wings is a shaft 47, each having on its in- ner end the pinion 48, all of which pinions mesh with the bevel gear 46. Secured on the outer portion of each of the bars 3 are the hangers 49 which forms a bearing for the shaft 47, and a miter gear 50 is located with- 5 80 85 90 95 109 105 110 16 120 135 a010 60 5 of gear is shown most clearly in Fig. 4, 1,201,184 in the hanger 49 and it is secured on the shaft 47, ‘Numeral 51 denotes the lower pivot for the sails 10, shown in Fig. 8, the same being rigidly secured thereto, Secured on the lower end of the pivot 51 is the miter gear 52 which meshes with its respective miter gear 50. ‘Numtral 58 denotes the upper pivot of the ails 10, which pivots are carried by the projecting arm of the bar 2. By the above it will be apparent that the revolving of the large tail will revolve all of the sails, the proper ratio being obtained by means of the differences in the sizes of the gears mentioned. Also, as shown in Fig. 3, a single or a double series of sails, 10° and 10%, may be added below the sails 10, and they are pivoted above in the bar-8 and be- low to the additional bar 38, the upper pivots of the sails 10 and 10° having each a miter gear 54 which meshes with the miter gears for placing the mill into or out wherein it is shown that the upper portion of the shaft 38 is threaded in the bushing 45, as shown by the threads 56, and when the said shaft is revolved then’ the spindle 37 may be raised or lowered in order that its position may be changed with relation to the collet 37° or to simply place it out of en- gagement therewith, for the purposes pre- viously stated. AAs herein before stated the device is adapted to revolve upon a cirewlar track 1, therefore secured underneath the outer end. of each wing, that is below each bar 5, is a concave faced roller, or easter, 57, all of which casters are adapted to revolve on the circular track 1, as indicated in Figs. 1 and 3. ‘As has been intimated, the purpose of my invention is to provide a windmill of com- paratively great power, adapted to be em- ployed for pumping water for irrigation purposes, and adapted to be located near the surface of the ground. It will be seen from the drawings that 1 provide a windmill adapted to revolve in a. horizontal plane, with sails adapted to re- yolve about a vertical axis. Bach sail to be controlled through gears by means of a, tail, or by a tail for each sail or a part of the sails as desired. Each sail is adapted to make one revolution to every two revolu- tions of the mill. If the mili be stationary and the tail be revolved then the sails-will make one-half vevolution to one revolution, of the tail, the direction of rotation being the same for both tail and sails. ‘The mil will always revolve in the direction for which it is set. Then in order to change the direction of rotation the sails are rotated 90 degrees in either direction, the position of s the tail remaining stationary, and made fast jn this new position, ‘The same result may he accomplished by rotating the tail 180 de- grees in respect to the sails. To throw the mill out of gear the tail is disconnected from the sail gearing by turning the hand-wheel B and causing the serew 56 to lift the tail out of engagement with the clutch, as shown in Fig. 4, and then allowing the sails to ro- tate free without respect to the direction of the wind. In throwing the device into gear the hand wheel B is rotated in the opposite direction from that above stated, and as there is only one position in which the clutch can engage it is evident that the sails will be set at the proper angle, with relation to the tail, to insure proper rotation in one di- rection. I desire that it be understood that, va- rious changes may be made in the several de- tails of construction, from that herein shown and described, without departing from the spirit of my invention and without secrifi ing any of the advantages thereof. Having now fully shown and ‘described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is— 1. A windmill comprising a framework adapted to revolve horizontally and includ- ing a plurality of wings rigidly connected, together and radiating from the vertical axis which is common to all of the wings, a horizontal eixeular track on which the frame is rotatably mounted, a vertical sail pivoted in its vertical center to the outer end of each of said wings, a tail to which all of the sails are connected and adapted to bri the sails broadside to the wind on one of the mill and causing them to be edgew to the wind on the other side of the mill as the mill revolves, a clutch, means whereby the clutch may be placed ‘into and out of gear, and means whereby the direction of rotation of the mill may'be changed at the will of the operator. 2. A windmnill comprising a circular track forming the single support for the mill, a framework comprising a plurality of ta- dial wings radiating from the center of the mill, sails carried by the wings, each of said sails having a vertical axis and each adapt- ed to revolve horizontally, a central shaft, gearing connecting each of the sails with the central shaft, a tail for alternately bringing the sails on one side of the mill broadside to the wind and those on the other side edgewise to the wind, means for plac- ing the tail out of gear with relation to the means for reversing the direction of ‘ution of the mill, and means located entirely outside of the mill for manually operating the means for placing the mill into and out of gear and for reversing the direction of operation thereof. 70, 90 100 0 us 320 125 13010 a 3. A windmill comprising a frame adapted to revolve horizontally on a circular track, a track, whoels disposed between the frame and the track, a plurality of wings radint- ing from the center of the mill and each comprising an upper and a lower bar whieh tre connected by cross bars, means for eon- necting the outer ends of said wings, sails pivoted to revolve horizontally in said wings: the same being pivoted to sid upper and lower bars of the wings, a tail gested to the upper pivots of the stils and adapted to control the positions of the sails, means for 1,201,184 manually placing the tail into and out of genr, and means for manually changing the Positions of the tail with relation to the po- sitions of the sails in order to control the di- rection of rotation of the mill, all substan- tially as shown and deseribed. Tn testimony whereof I have hereunto subseribed my name to this specification. MARVIN W. HOLBEN. Witnesses ‘Tro. H. Daven, Canorixe G. Hones, Copies of this patent may be obtained for ave cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents, ‘Washington, D.c.”