Chapter 2 Maintenance and Service on Lifting Operation 2-1 Boom and telescoping system 2-1-1 Part function. 1. Boom and its telescoping system Boom is the main component to which force is applied; it bears loads weight and wind load during lifting operation. Telescoping system realizes the boom length changing, 2. Telescoping balance valve spool Telescoping balance valve spool in the telescoping system can prevent retraction of the cylinder when the control lever is in the neutral position, but also avoid the phenomenon of runaway of the boom retracting speed caused by lifting loads when the lever in the retraction position. Besides, telescoping balance valve spool also has the function of preventing oil cylinder rapid retracting when the damage occurs to hose of boom telescoping pipeline. 2-1-2 Working principle Truck crane has five boom sections, the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and Sth boom sections driven by two telescoping cylinders telescope sequentially and synchronously. After the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and Sth boom sections driven by telescoping cylinder T extend at the same time, the 3rd, 4th and Sth boom sections driven by telescoping cylinder I and wire ropes extend synchronously; while retracting, first the 3rd, 4th and Sth boom sections driven by telescoping cylinder II and wire ropes retract synchronously, then the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and Sth boom sections driven by telescoping cylinder I retract at the same time. The Pressure of pressure-limited valve is adjusted to I8MPa in order to avoid piston rod crooking because of too high pressure when the boom is extending, Balance valve is fitted in the oil circuit in onder to keep the boom steady or stopping safely when it is retracting. 2-1-3 Operation and maintenance 1. Adjustment of cables Users should check and adjust boom extension and retraction every month, because while using this crane, force is applied to wire ropes and cables in the boom working process and its length will change. Maintenance and Service on Lifting Operation 2-1apter2 A\DANGER If the boom does not extend and retract synchronously or vibration appears, users should adjust in time and begin operating until these phenomena disappear. Otherwise, wire ropes and cables will remove from the chute and be cracked so as to cause serious results. Please do periodic adjustments in order to keep normal operation. The method is as following: ‘Operate the boom elevation angle to 60° , keep each boom section fully extended and then fully retracted, repeat for several times. Extend the 3rd, 4th and Sth boom sections for some distance, and then lower the booms, synchronously adjust the nut on the thin cable II of Sth section and nut on the thin cable T of 4th boom. section until the 3rd, 4th and Sth sections telescope simultaneously with no vibration. Then tighten the nut on thin cable, refer to Fig. 2-1 and Fig. 2-2. Thick cable I- ‘Nut on thin cable II ‘Fg. 2-1 Telescoping mechanism (boom head) 2-2 Maintenance and Service on Lifting OperationFig. 2-2 Installation position of boom head ‘When the booms are fully retracted, if there is more than 1~2mm clearance at boom head or among booms, please assemble slide block in front of boom head, otherivise it may influence the applied force to cylinder and cables. A\cAUTION @ Ifboom shakes while adjusting, coat sliding surface of slide block with greasc. © Boom cannot be fully extended and lowered during coating, refer to performance plate or table, © Cables must be prevented rotating when tightening the nut. ‘Maintenance and Service on Lifting Operation 2-3apter 2 2. Adjustment of slide block ‘The slide blocks have all been adjusted well when the truck crane is delivered to consumers. During operation, slide blocks may become thiner with abrasion, so adjustment is needed when boom crooking, lateral loading and deflection increasing because of serious frictional damage or some other reasons. For the slide block on boom head, users can adjust the bolt on the boom head by themselves to control the clearan for the slide block on boom tail, the clearance must be controlled by disassemble boom to increase or decrease the numbers of washer under slide block, refer to Fig. 2-3.2. AACAUTION © The boom should be fully retracted before adjusting slide block on boom head. © The slide block on boom tail must be adjusted by trained and qualified personnel. 24 Maintenance and Service on Lifting Operation