“sued wiopuen uno t4-r amdha , mm ivivivivi 7 ore ebre Po eee THT r+ nek nek seb =u on ; (are ~ ton som wm Unron OQ x-0% yeu on F Pe a = Pn boom - ure= (He t- a Poon1 { 28 re rount axsron chop. 2 domain and the total energy computed in o, the radian frequency domain. For example, Parseval's Theorem (to be derived in Chapter 4) states. JO at = 2xat [7 |H(@)/* do (2-46) tthe energy computed in is required to be equal to the energy computed ing, then a, = 1/./2x. However, ifthe requirement is made that the Laplace transform, universally defined as LNA) = f° koeae = F Koei any shall reduce to the Fourier transform when the real part of s is set to 2er0, then & comparison of Eqs. (2-44) and (2-47) requires ag = I, ie = V2 which isin contradiction to the previous hypothesis, A logical way to resolve this conflict is to define the Fourier transform pair as follows: HS) = [me ade (2-48) mo With this definition Parsev "HN ap 2-49) 's Theorem becomes S_Pod=f impre and Eq. (2-48) is consistent with the definition of the Laplace transform. Note that as long as integration is with respect to f, the scale factor |/2n never appears. For this reason, the latter definition of the Fourier transform pair was chosen for this book. 25 FOURIER TRANSFORM PAIRS A pictorial table of Fourier transform pairs is given in Fig, 2-11. This ‘graphical and analytical dictionary is by no means complete but does contain the most frequently encountered transform pairs, PROBLEMS 2A, Determine the real and imaginary parts of the Fourier transform of each of the following function aE ce bk ibe wwo=[E 120 Size “Par FounuER TRaNeroRN 29 <1 1<0 caon fe" 150 | acoraniy 10 wef o 10 A acecbiab>o . w-ff 5 dewin Ga) 120 Ho ={f aD KO = F[ +) + 50) + 3(6 + $) +(e $)] 22 Determine the amplitude spectrum |(J)] and phase 6(/) of the Fourier transform of KO: eMnT me . For example, Papoulis (2, page 44 gives mO- 3 u—nTy Heo) ein By the frequency scaling elationsip (1-16) we know that 3S aaa(s— 9) FE a(s- G8)36 rune reason PnorenTes 2S aay, Jao a Chap. 0 non eat vA 7 r bey ® e ‘ ou ws ° sna By 7 — iN Figure 3.3. Frequency sealing property. See 36 unin Tunsront rrorenras 37 and (-17) can be rewritten in txms ofthe frequency varable / wo= 3 de- ary EP HN= whichis Eq, 240), #) ow 3 TIME-SHIFTING If H(@) is shifted by a constant ‘4 then by substituting = — 4, the Foutier transform becomes [mem iectede = J aera tn Foie as OH) 20) ‘The time-shifted Fourier transform pair is men) OQ Mpen em ExaMrns 3.6 ‘A pictorial description of this pair is illustrated in Fig. 34, As shown, time= shifting results in a change in the phase angle (f) = tan I/(//R(/)}. Note that time-shifting does not alter the magnitude of the Fourier transform, This follows Hi fet = H(f eos (2x fe) — Jin 2a fie) land hence the magnitude is given by [He Bt6| = ARTIC ORT + TRIN = VT) (3-22) where H(J) has been assumed to be real for simplicity. These results are easily extended tothe case of H(/), a complex function. 36 FREQUENCY SHIFTING If H(J) is shifted by a constant f, its inverse transform is multiplied by oem ED NF-H) eon) ‘This Fourier transform pair is established by substituting s = f— fg into the inverse Fourier transform-defining relationship Jae —so0%n ar = [meyers ds = ere ("Hise ds mt Ke) om‘38 oun raanaronn prorenris hap. 3 See. 36 ounien reoserona enorenres 39 Exar 3-7 ‘Fo illustrate the effect of frequency-shiftng let us assume that the frequency function H(i real. For this case, frequency shifting results ina multiplication of| the time function A) by a cosine whose frequency is determined by the frequency shift f (Fig. 3-5). This process is commonly known as moculaton. n~7 I YA men ni 19 [ae es ee mt 24) = Figure 34. Time shifting propery Figure 3.5. Frequency siting property