‘Student's Book P Mickey Rogers Joanne Taylore-Knowles\ RGus See ae ke un itn Se eeu beam one with extra language practice plus videos and word lists. = The videos are also on the DVD included with this book, Neeser Before joining, you will nee Ready to get started? @ your code (see below) @ your email 1. Goto the website www.macmillanopenmind.com 2. Click ‘Activate your code’. @a pepe word 3. Type in the code. 4. .. Enter your email address and password. Make a note of your password. Important information! Each student has one code; do not share your code. Your code will last 2 years from the date you activate it. Ifyou need help, get in touch at help.macmillan.com Your code:8 = CMILLAN Student's Book Mickey Rogers Joanne Taylore-Knowles Steve Taylore-Knowles Concept development: Mariela Gil ViermaContents © Grammar review pagent WS SPEAKING ud PRONOUN REFERENCE: foctak COMMUNICATION bout an event ‘amagarne oie FUNCTION [eorning aout STRATEGIST FOIPEW) eyCTION, sng ps reas commen harris Pak ‘oid cet ps rent sila a move reiew IDENTIFYING SPEAKERS’ ling about cual aires. LINKING SENTENCES: ingstour | OPINIONS: FUNCTION elingformare | srl Bconse RAITON (okie! Seer] INGTON iia “@ PRONOUN travel plans COMMUNICATION, ‘travel log REFERENCE: beg FUNCTION fring ohout | STRATEGY: responding | FnicriON desing ‘waton pos eppopitely voaaion desioaton “; notice @ ioenmFING taking aboutimpeot life =| @UNKING FUNCTION fnkingotoot | SPEAKERS’ OPINIONS: | hanes ndexaines SENTENCES: on bt, casion ‘nifomal comesaion FUNCTION tikingohoot | and Bese eipetiones arogaing ferent opinions COMMUNICATION nina review FUNCTION tokingabon | STRATEGY: sripgand | eynicyons per nd hig ending omen + deciing acne reconmendtons + mong ecmnedatins sn ani forum UNDERSTANDING desing ving sous IDENTIFYING FUNCTION asking fron | INSTRUCTIONS AND FUNCTION rmking ins | PARAGRAPH ‘pier oposng roweeng | PROCESSES: ore STRUCTURE: isn © Inegulr verbs and Pronncatin symbols page vi ‘© Commonicalive wap ups pages vitaOs Reel yg PAST PROGRESSIVE INTERNET ACTIVITES STUDY AND LEARNING: ‘ AST PROGRESSIVE AND SIMPLE PAST | FUNCTION fling obs ene ais anhing sauces of FUNCTION ‘king abut ps oes DESCRIBING REACTIONS ore , esibing pap’ recions Piaeclon tiene SN er bout the advange nd disadvantages of sores ot informe i LANGUAGE WRAP-UP cs...s/mot_ | COMPARATIVES WITH AS... AS/ | ADJECTIVES FOR EXPRESSING OPINIONS, SELF AND SOCIETY: NOT AS... AS FUNCTION epg eas Delong cla meres FUNCTION dissing ondcompring | cuerypat ACTIVES FUNCTION dkcusng seus FUNCTION dissing alias ee SUPERLATIVES. FUNCTION king ompasons LANGUAGE WRAP-UP SOUS: (5/05. /) REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS TRAVEL ESSENTIALS STUDY AND LEARNING: FUNCTION ckng about yous MODALS OF PERMISSION, REQUEST, FUNCTION king cout osesions ond brave een TRAVEL Fsiotng nd guessing FUNCTION estimating ond ‘AND OFFER FUNCTION expresing on pinion snesing FUNCTION king fx pris nd raking requess SOUNDS: iol dust, | PRESENT PERFECT—EVER/NEVER | GOOD AND BAD EXPERIENCES SEF AND SOCIETY: ; FUNCTION ning shout exgeenas | FUNCTION. casing god end bud expones Ai ising PRESENT PERFECT—HOW LONG AND | FEELINGS FUNCTION ten ot nce FUNCTION king cboot expres nd felgs post experiences, FUNCTION ling abou evens that begn in th pst ond conus in th present | e LANGUAGE WRAP-UP Ng ertreeesnr ee Extra coer FUNCTION talking about pest evens FUNCTION tolking cbowt misc ians Narrowing the fous of © SHOULD AND OUGHT TO FOR ADJECTIVES FOR DESCRIBING MUSIC Pre fowice FUNCTION desig mk eee SOUNDS ses panes wom a2 FUNCTION ging abice HAVE TO FOR OBLIGATION AND NEED TO FOR NECESSITY FUNCTION. kn about hngs you ned o/ have o/o' have todo COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE ADVERBS FUNCTION comparing ais LANGUAGE WRAP. ‘OBJECTS IN A HOUSE FUNCTION. describing you lng spre PHRASAL VERBS FUNCTION inking bot husheping LANGUAGE WRAP-UP STUDY AND LEARNING: Cansisng feet options FUNCTION dicen ‘pian © Grammer reference ges xoComplete the sentences with the correct form of the verb be. What ______ their names? How old —___he? |___ interested in taking guitar lessons. Jane and | not going out this weekend. My brothers’ names ____Jack and Toby. we cooking dinner tonight? Put the questions in the correct tense using the prompts. Then match the questions to the correct answers. Who / your parents / meet yesterday? Where / he / go last night? When / you / start your new job? What / Ella / do / on weekends? Why / Ryan and Jake / like action movies? Paulina / go to the gym every day? | started it last month, No, only on Saturday mornings. She plays tennis and meets her friends. Because they're exciting My aunt and her new boyfriend, To the new movie theater on Cross Street Complete the sentences with a, an, the, or - (nothing). lim —___ teacher at Saint Martin's Academy. school specializes in language education, | would like to be pilot because pilots travel all the time, Do you think nurses work long hours? Rob Lawley is actor in TV program Case Files. Sophie wants to be writer or artist Circle the correct option to complete the sentences. Jack's Jacks’ got blue eyes and blond hair. Who/ Whose laptop is on the table? Jenny doesn’t have Martin's keys, but she found hers/ her. What are your sisters’ sister’snames? My father’s mother is my// mine grandmother. Carla doesn't have a book. She can borrow my// mine.Rewrite the sentences using the word in parentheses. Use the correct punctuation. sage my clothes and put on my gym shoes. Then, | play badminton. (before) = The basketball team wins an important game. Then they celebrate with e party (afer 2 Isayin the office, | leave when |finish my work (unt) 4 Valeria goes to the ay about twice a year (reli = They have no free time, They are busy al day, every day. always) = & Andrew got the job. He was happy. (when) 6 Circle the correct option to complete the sentences. There are several / any rock concerts in California this summer. Are/ Is there a restaurant near here? There is a/ some bread in the cupboard. There aren't / isn’t any ice cream. There is / are a lot of museums in Washington D.C. My mom doesn’t want any / some vegetables. I don’t eat much / many cake There aren’t/ isn’t any tomatoes. 7 Correct the mistakes with the imperatives in four sentences. Check the two correct sentences. + Sitting down and being quiet! 2 Please turn off your phones. 3 Don't forget to take your passport. ase to open your books at page three. = Complete the sentences with the words in parentheses using the simple present = the present progressive. — 40 go to New York this year. (we / want) now? (you / take) ‘tennis three times a week. {he / play) horror movies. (she / not like) — Spanish and Russian at university this year. (he / take) (he / not work) in a schooli ia ii on ti ala neal ameter 9 Check the correct sentence. Correct the incorrect sentences. 4. Shelly is more funny than Martin 2. The new smartphone is user-friendly than the old one. 2 She can play the piano good. 4 An e-reader isn’t cheaper than a laptop. 5 Johanna can't speak French easy. 6 Louisa and Caroline cook wonderful 40 Choose the correct option. 4) This pants really suit you. by These pants really suit you. 2 Let's have some chocolate ice cream for dessert. by Let’ to have some chocolate ice cream for dessert. 2 Would you like to try the soup of the day? by Would you like try soup of the day? 4 a) I prefer this blue shirt over there. ») I prefer that blue shirt over there, 41 Complete the sentences with the verbs in parentheses. Use the correct tense. ‘&: Hi, Rosanna! How (1) (be) your weekend? twas great, thanks. On Sunday, | @ (go) for lunch with some friends. When | @) —____ {get} home I watched some DVDs, What about you? ‘fs |(@) (not do) much. But next weekend, I'm going to see Daft Punk in concert. 1) =___ (love) them! I'm so excited. | 4» _______ (buy) the tickets last year. What 7) —___ (you / do) this weekend? B: I'm going to study because |e) ______ (take) my university entrance exams next month 12 Rewrite the sentences, Replace the underlined words with object pronouns. 4 [told Mary that | liked Jack, 2 Abby gave Jenna and me some ice cream. 3 & Who wrote A Hundred Years of Solitude? 8: Gabriel Garcia Marquez wrote A Hundred Years of Solitude 4° She gave her brother a gift. 5 Sally told her parents she would be home late 6 &: Who is making dinner? 8: Sasha is making dinner for you and me.a UNIT | IN THIS UNIT YOU ° for talking about and important A. Ework in pairs. Look at the pictures. Which of these ze things from the first decade of the new millennium do you tkeyeventsduringe _tecognize or remember? talk about generational 00 Po sbout an important event in 2 video abaut world events millennium ork in pairs. What other things do you remember jout from those years? Learn to identify different sources SKILLS Cyaielnuertcen) STUDY & LEARNING PuyA [)01 Underline the characteristics that you think are typical of Millennials—the generation born after 1980, Then listen to a talk and check your answers. Millennials ... ‘learned to use technology as young children, _ respect authority. are “connected” through social networks. ‘want to find a permanent job. * are interested in global issues. « prefer to work alone, ‘are very self-confident. prefer to work in teams, B Listen again and choose the correct answers. Ff What does the speaker say 2 What do Millennials want 3 What characteristic makes is the main characteristic of t0 do in their jobs? Millennials good at warking in Millennials? @)> stay with a company teams? a)- They're technology natives. for a long time 3). They're sociable. ») They're multicultural ») workin other countries by They're self-confident. © They're self-confident. make decisions «They're multicultural. ¢ [work in pairs. Are you a Millennial? If so, which of the characteristics mentioned in the talk do you have? 4: I'ma Millennial, and | definitely know a lot about technology. 8: I'ma Millennial, too. I'm not very good with technology, but | like social networks. y aes A Do you use a computer? Check the things you use it for. [sending and checking emails [shopping playing games [il social networking Bother B Read the article about the internet in the 21* Century. Write each of the words in bold next to its definition. ‘any people all over the world started using the internet in the 1990s. One of the fist things people could use the internet for was emall.Then, many companies set up websites and started Selling their products online, Milions of people also started using the internet to play games; download music or movies, or blog about their lives It became completely normal to browse the internet to find information instead of using books. In the 21 Century there was an explosion cof social media use. People can now post photos or status updates, and message thelr friends on Facebook They can also google new business contacts, upload home videos to YouTube, and tweet on their phones. 4 Dlwrite an online journal = —— 5 Doon the internet = 2 [put photos or videos on the internet 6 [use the Google search engine to look for = = someone/something 3 look at different websites 7 Lget files from the internet = , 4 [ito puta message, photo, orblogentry 8 []wtite a short message using Twitter cline = twee © ff check the internet activities in Exercise B that you do often. Then compare with a partner, ‘4: loften download music, but { never shop online, 8: luse Twitter and Facebook a lot.—ssSs:ti‘ te: z GNC sa) A LANGUAGE IN CONTEXT Read the blog. How is Stephanie's life different now? Steph24: Wha ago? That's easy was studying for my last exer ‘aduation. Iewas my final semester in college, andi was taking classes and workin parttime at an electronics ecause Idich't re time! N working, net dying, and 'm socializing a lot more, Life is getting more interesting]! 5 ANALYZE Read the text in Exercise A again. Novice! Form Complete this table with examples from Exercise A. Then {904 back at tho blog and choose the correct option to complete the rule below. circle the verbs that reler to = Stephanie's life two years ago. emative Negative Question 7 12) What (3 1 wo for my last exam. : with friends. years ago? vas studying, He/She/It wasn't going out. What was he/she/it doing? © You/They were studying, ! We/You/They weren't going : What were we/you/ they doing? out, = fem the past progressive with was/were and the ... form of a verb. = ») base jon Choose the correct option to complete the sentence. \e past progressive to talk about something that ... at a particular moment in the past ted and finished = &) was in progress ss © PRACTICE Complete the blog with the past progressive form of the verbs in thesis. Mouse12: Hmm, Good question. I think |(@) a= (dance) th end at a high school party Aiden300:1 (3 S (sleep|l | was only five years old in 1999 SS My family and ty {watch) the colabrations Marco: We () {have} dinner at my gras house. In my county, we have a big femly dinner an New Year's Eve, Kenny: (6) {worl on a big project for a college class, sol) int celebrate that nigh © Bi xow you bo it Work in pairs. Ask and answer questions about SoS yee were doing at particular moments in the past. you doing at this time yesterday? what were you doing last New Year's Eve at midnight? New millenniumasking follow-up questions sa ping. You cc phra nterest. 02 Listen to a conversation between two friends who meet on the street. Check the follow-up questions that they ask. 1» Oh, yeah? How come? Dl «) And what about you? . ( ® Yeah? Where? «Really? Why? What were you doing? Ta Wow! Did you like it? Tl A Oh, no, That's awful What happened? B Now read the conversation and put the follow-up questions from Exercise A in the correct place. Listen again and check. liss: Hey, Jessiel I can't believe it's you! How are you? Jessie: I'm good, thanks. | think the last time we saw each other was in the summer three years ago. I went to Mexico after that. | was living with my brother for a while ues (Ob tah Nt SL Jessie: Oh, | was traveling and working in a restaurant there. Liss: @) N i Jesiie: Yeah, Itwas great! gy ea Use:, Well, the last time | saw you I was working with my dad, but | wasn't enjoying it very much. “ ike i Well, we © [work in pairs. Ask and answer these questions. Use follow-up questions. 4 What were you doing in 2009? ‘4: What were you doing in 2009? 2 What were you doing this time last yea BJ was living in Chicago. 3 Where were you living five years ago? A: Really? How come? 4 Who were you living with two years ago? ie: Cosa ECCT A Match the adjectives with the pictures. 4 upset about 1 5 interestedin — 2 excited about 6 worried about 3 amazed by 7 surprised by 4 angry at 8 happyabout — 0. e2@ e F 6 B f§ Work in pairs. Make a list of important events during your life. Tell your partner how you reacted to each event. &: Iwas about ten when Michael Jackson died, so | remember that. | was shocked by it. B: | remember when Barack Obama bec: president. | was really excited! ®We eee exo el ead [03 Listen to the pronunciation of these words. Notice that the first vowel in words eat the end has a ‘long’ sound. at ate hid hide hop hope mad made not note us use B Listen again and categorize the words in the table. ‘short’ vowel ‘long’ vowel mad made ‘Work in pairs. Practice these sentences. Then listen and check. He hid the note in the cake. 3. They made ud hide the bikes 2 |hope you are not playing that game | hate. 4 We're going to arrive late! az aie PO ec © Pronouns are words such os he and them. They refer to nouns. Its important to understand exactly what the pronouns refer to. Usually this information comes in the clause or sentence before. Boxe) obras erika .e 1 = 2 “ay famiy was ing there athe tne, before we "remember that Ithappened ust atthe endo tho sume) moved othe US.A for my father's jb.) They te usual o get (them at that tine of year, but everyone Was wher fantasti! twas Ike beng tthe centerafthe ff wored. Tey knew it asa bg stom. A lot of people ft New Universe fortwo weeks, Ouratletes did realy well J] Orleans, but many stayed. When the stom ht, caused a lt of OF course 2 weal rely wanted thom towin!| [| damage. | saw ton TV herein Argentina. But the big problem know they were really expensive, but twas a once- ff was wth the foods, 7 They totally destroyed some parts of Iralfelie experience |wastoo young tobe one of [ihe city. Alot of paces inthe iy are below sea ve, and when the volunteers back then-Iwes only 12-—but loved] the water came out ofthe ake (8) they were flooded went seeing them in toi amzing clothes. really thera ew years ago Everything was getting back to normal wwantedto be volunteer oo!" mm butitwas sil shocking to see some ofthe efecs.” oe Rodrigo, Buenos Aires ‘A Read this magazine article about important events of the 2000s. ‘Write the correct event above each description. There is one event that is not described. ‘Tho 2008 Olympic Gemes in Beijing The blackout in New York City in 2003 Hurricane Katrina in 2005 _<@.B Look at the pronouns in bold in Exercise A. Who or what does each one refer to? Write the number of the pronoun that refers to each of these things. Text 1 P Text 2 2) the athletes a placesinthecity ®) the Olympic Games gf 9 hurricanes oO the volunteers a @) the floods oO @ thewriterandher family EJ? hy thehurricane = EI) = Answer the questions about the details of the stories. Then scan the stories quickly to check your answers. 1 Where was Lien living during the event she describes? 4 _ What was the biggest problem? 2 Does she think the Olympic Games were a good thing 5 Why were lots of places affected? ora bad thing for the county? we 3 Was Rodrigo in the U.S.A. when the disaster happened? New millennivm aan a alA LANGUAGE IN CONTEXT Read the article. ‘Why does Carol use the word “miracle”? Carol simmons met Barbara and Sonia while she was staying in ahotel in Phuket, Thailand. ‘On December 26th the three women were atthe hotel pool, The sun was shining, Carol was reading ‘hile her friends were swimming, Then it happened. Carol was looking up at the beautiful sky when she , saw an enormous wall of water. Seconds later, the: tsunami crashed over them. They were under water for about two minutes, but fortunately all three ‘women survived. ‘After thetsunami passed, all ofthe survivors started looking for friends and family members. Carol was very worried about her friends, but while she was Clauses with when and while can go at the beginning Walking aroundandcallingtheirnames,sheheard the end of the sentence. Use a comma after a when oF ‘an answer! When she looked behind her, she saw while clause at the beginning of a sentence: Barbara and Sonia walking toward her. Sonia was {was working at a law office when I met my girlfriend: holding Barbara's hand andaThai man washelping When | met my girlfriend, I was working at a law office her walk. “tt was a miracle!” Carol says. NOTICE! Look back at the text. Do the words when and while refer to tima ar place” B ANALYZE Read the text in Exercise A again. Function Choose the correct option to complete the sentences in column 1. Then complete column 2 with examples from Exercise A. Past progressive The sun @) = Oy We use the past progressive to describe the Carol (3 - o (@) background scene and actions ven The tsunamis) er Carol, Simple past We use the simple past to describe the ) background All three women (6) i scone /(events and ac! when and while She was looking up at the beautiful sky normous wall We use the past progressive to talk about an action: «@) she saw an that was in progress when another short action of water. opened. We use the simple past for the short action. | She met Barbara and Sonia (10) = she was staying in a hotel in Phuket. We use in(uhen / while to introduce the action in progress. We use (@) when / while to introduce the short action WATCH OUT! She vias living in Mexico when she met her husband X She lived in Mexico while she was meeting her husband. X She was living in Mexico while she meeting her husband.© PRACTICE Complete the text with the correct form of the verbs in arentheses. rom other countries (1) (enjoy) a beautiful day at 2004, The sun (2) ___ (shine), and a light breeze -om the ocean, It seemed like a perfect place for a relaxing some people (@) (swim), they ¢s) (notice) fer around them was moving away from the beach. Others ) Lops beautiful ocean view when they suddenly (m (See) a wave that all. It was 30 meters high, and sadly, most people could not escape. n tsunami was one of the worst disasters in history D B§Now you bo it Work in pairs. Use the prompts to tell your partner about an experience in your life. The experience can be positive or negative. studying for my exams, my mom got sick. It was a dificult time, veling in Latin America when I got my RCE f A Read about this person’s experience. Does the accident happen to the writer of the story or to someone else?) then I was about 12, I went with my family o Marine \ A ] Tend to see the aquarium and the matine animals, While we were there, we went to a dolphin show, The dolphins were doing a lot of tricks, and some of the trainers ‘were swimming with them, My little brother was standing next tome, While I was watching the show, [heard a big splash, My jbrother was in the water! yelled, ‘Dad, Sammy's in the waiter! ! ‘My dad jumped in the water when he saw Sammy in the tank, ‘but Sammy disappeared under the water! While my dad wos swimming around, looking for Sammy, I scrw on enormous gray sherpe near him. The dolphin’s hea came out of the water, and it was holding my brother in its mouthl When it sow my dod, it swam to him and put Sammy in his arms It was ctreally scary experience, but thanks to that dolphin, my ttle brother was fine, B Think of an event or experience that you want to write about. Itcan be something that happened to you personally, or that you heard about on the news or from another person. Complete the notes. What bappene: When and where i happened: - people were doing when happened: HOW TO SAY IT Whe you or ether people did when i lappened: What happened after..? What you or ot low et ended: What oid yousthe people do a z co when ..2 How you or other people fait, or what the event ums (ite: Teeic yaUteeenlane 2 . Was it excting/scary/dangerous/ fun? © Use your notes to write about the event. ‘Work in pairs. Read each other’s stories. Ask questions to get more information about your partner's story. New millenniumJecidle what information you need identify resources that can give you that inf jnd useful information, A. Read the class assignment and check what the students have to do. D1 do research on a specific topic 1 find out about all three topics 1 write an essay prepare notes for an oral report x NONE a Form small groups. Choose one of the three topics below and find out as much as possible about it. Use the questions as a uide, Use a variety of Information sources for your research, Prepare a short report to present to your group, Class assignment History and culture 203: The New Millennium 1 The first decade of the 21st Century \What were some Important local or world events duting that decade? \What were people doing when they heard about each of these events? How did they feel, and what did they do when they heard the news? 2 Culture and entertainment \what were people doing forfun atthe beginning ofthe decade? Atthe end? \What were the popular movies, Books, bands, etc, ofthe decade? \What important events happened in the world of culture and entertainment during the decade? 3 Technology How were people communicating a the beginning ofthe decade? At the end? How did communication and social media influence important events? \What were some of the big technology successes and failures of the decade? HamWork in small groups. Look at the resources people can use to find out information. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each one? Resources Advantages Disedvantages books/nenspapers/magazines official websites from organizations, governments, etc. online encyclopedias blogs and online chat rooms other people (teacher, parents, etc.) other resources c [EQ with your group, choose a topic from Exercise A. Decide what information you need for your topic. Discuss which of the resources in Exercise B will be the best place to find information for your topic. HOW TO SAY IT ‘A: There were a lot of magazine and newspaper articles about Sallarg sbourthe savancaoes important events. and disadvantages of sources of B: Yes, but looking for magazines and newspapers takes alot of time. | information We can also find {ots of information about important events on the | (Newspapers) ef internet ‘easy /difieut to get 8: Yes, but on some websites the information isn't correct. expensive / free (Official websites) ... D [Resources you can use for your topic are your le ee armen) teacher and your classmates. Find out as much 2 ae a ae ne ca information as you can from them and make notes. Se rae a tarortine ‘A: Do you remember any important events from 2000 to 2009? Yes, | remember Hurricane Katrina. My cousin and her family were living in New Orleans, and we were really worried! Oh, wow! What were they doing when the hurricane arrived? 8: They were driving. They were leaving the city = [i share the information you found out with your group. & REFLECT ... tow con the kil of identifying sources of information be useful to you in Work and Career ond Self and Society? New millenniumA Complete the sentences with the words and phrases in the box. (8 points) blog browse download ggéale online post twéet. uplfed 1 'mgoingto 113.5. a home video to an online file-sharing site so my friends can see it. 2 James can Ui‘ 4.) somemusic from the internet onto your MP3 player. 3. It's easy to shop 1. _. You just click to order something and pay with 3 credit card. | 4 You can't use moro than 140 characters ina "=. They are very short, j 5 Paul likes to 1 . the | intemet for an hour before he starts work. & Why don't you the name of that book you wanted to find? 7 When my sister went to Thailand, she wrote a about her experiences there, 8 Can you show me how to -,.- ___a status update on Facebook? B Match the beginnings 1-7 with the endings a-g. (7 points) ae 1 I'mvery worried a) in animals. 2 We were very shocked 6) about losing my phone. It was new. 3 I'm really excited a1 about John. He's two hours late. { 4 lam amazed ) about my vacation in Thailand. | can't wait! I'm studying zoology because I'm interested «) by Michael Jackson's death. It was so unexpected, - 6 Mysister is angry 4) athow good Jake is at using a computer—he's three! 7 1 Was upset 9) ather boyfriend because he didn’t call her last night. SInlSPRaH adiities andl describe reactions to events gections 2 and 5 on pages 10 and 12. ‘SCORE: NS Complete the sentences with the simple past or past progressive form of the verbs in parentheses. (15 points) 4 As What. _— you “3, — (do) when | called you last night? a | (watch) a TV show about music from about 15 years ago. It was really bad! 2 ‘The story begins on a stormy night. The wind iu! {blow} and it wuai_t (rain). 3 (see) Greg yesterday. He (walle in the park. 4 (play) soccer, Katy (break) her foot. 5 Gi you listen) to a minute ago? It was really good. (play) a CD by The Foo Fighters. 6 (live) in Costa Rica when my younger brother 2181 NUS {start school. q 7 | couldn't come to the door because | + (take) a shower when you arrived. fe We 4). (watch) TV when the electricity 4 — (go) off. Pastand the past progressive. ‘ ions 3 and 8 on pages 11 anc! 14. SCORE: nsthat cultural do you SELF & SOCIETY CoAT |COCR RIT A. Look at the adjectives. Write (1) for positive and ( for negative. Then match each adjective to its synonym. very good a) incredible strange ~ &) ridiculous boring 9 hilerious amazing d) awesome very interesting awful very dumb fascinating very bad 2) weird very funny hy dull Circle the correct adjective to complete the sentences. Dalis paintings are very weird/ dull. They have all kinds of strange objects and shapes. In my opinion, horror movies are so good / dumb. They're very unrealistic, so they aren’t scary. ‘Tome; opera is dull fascinating. | just don’t think its an interesting art form. That was such a hilarious / boring movie. | couldn't stop laughing, Shakespeare's plays are awesome / terrible. The stories are great! Abstract artis amazing / awful. | don't understand it, but | really lke it © [Work in pairs. Give your opinions about the following art forms. Give reasons. classical music_ hip-hop dancing modem sculpture realty TV shows ‘A: In my opinion, reality TV shows are really interesting. | ike to watch real people. 8: Really? think they're boring. The people don't do anything interesting, comparatives with as ... as /notas ... as [05 LANGuace IN CONTEXT Listen to a conversation between two the black and white one. Yeah; | like that one, too, but itisn'tias nice asi the picture of the elephant. That's amazing! [don't know. | thought it was dumb. Did you see that picture of the chair? Now, that was ridiculous! Yeah, but | thought the picture of the elephant ‘as just/as dumb as the picture of the chair They were both weird. | didn’t understand therm at all Maybe we're just nots smart as everyone else. You'te probably right! The picture of the elephant was just the picture of the chain. : They were both weird ie Smee Fhotas+ adjective + as © ___\> __ the picture of the elephant. That's amazing!Function Read the examples below. Then match the halves of the sentences to. complete the rules. S painting is as expensive as thatone. = Both paintings are the same price. This painting isn’t as expensive as that one. = Ths painting is less expensive than that one. + Weuse as... asto say that one thing is more or less than another thing, 2 We use notas... asto say that” ) two things are equal in some way. © PRACTICE Complete the opinions with be + as ... as or (not) as ... as and the adjectives in parentheses. 4 Tome, modern dance (go00) ballet [like them both equally. Like hip-hop dancing because it o (weird) other types of modern dance. Its better. Classical music_ou= sy) (boring) jazz. Jazzis much more boring, [think the special effects in the old Star Wars movies —_famazing) modern special effects. They're fantastic! Do you think these pictures (interesting) those? I can't decide. In my opinion, plays can (realistic) movies if the actors are good. fj NOW YOU DO IT Work in groups. Use be WATCH OUT! + (not) as ... as to talk about the categories in the ‘ box. Use adjectives from Exercise A and any other adjectives that you want to use. 7 Modern dance is as dificult as ballet. % Modern dance is as difficult than ballet ‘two bands ormusicians two concerts ‘two genres of movies ‘two museums ‘two periods of art two TV shows ‘wo types of dance wo types of music ‘A: Modern art isn’t as good as traditional art. | prefer realistic paintings: & agree. The artists definitely aren't as talented. I don't agree. {think moder artis better than traditional art: I's more interesting, CA ee A [B06 Listen to these people giving their opinions. Notice that the stress is on the adjective and not on as... as, | think Brazil is as beautiful as Mexico. Inmy opinion, museums aren't as dull as art galleries. 8 07 M9 work in pairs. Practice saying these sentences. Remember not to stress the word as. Listen and check. + Latin music is as good as rock music. 2 I don't think painting is as interesting as taking pictures. 2 S30 Paulo isn’t as big as Mexico City. 4 Many people think that trains are not as comfortable as car. Gulture vultureidentifying speakers’ opinions {© listen for words and phroses that can help to identify a person's opinion. They can be posiive or negative adjectives such as amazing or boring, or verbs such os like, don't like, and enjoy. A person's tone of voice (bored, interested, etc.) can also E indicate what their opinion is. A. [68 Listen to two people, Meg and Lauren, ~ talking about a book. Circle the words each person uses to talk about it. Meg: | awesome dull fascinating great) interesting Lauren: awesome (dull fascinating great interesting B Listen again and circle the correct answers. How do you know? 1 Meg liked / didn't like the book. 2 Lauren liked /\didn’t like the book. [09 Now listen to five other people talking about books. Choose the correct answers. 4 Speaker 1 says she ‘3 likeda different book better, _&) thought the book was amazing. 2. Speaker 2 thought the book was 2) interesting boring 2 Speaker 3 says he 2) did't like the book liked the book 4 Speaker 4 preferred a) the writer’ first book. b)_ the writers second book. 5s Speaker 5 says she )_prefers nonfiction prefers fiction. : cultural activities ‘A Complete the table with words in the box. Then add two ideas of your own to each column. ee is ee i es aeeet iden “Aphotegrephy courte ahfeture sculpe, the theater learn about take go to see join goto B_ Work in pairs. Say which of the activities in Exercise A you would like to do and which you would not like to do. Give reasons. ‘kz I'd [ike to join a book club. | love reading books and talking about them. BI wouldn't like to join a book club. | think reading is boring. | want to take another language class. I'd like to Jearn Russian.Er MOU ReTLTIC CeTNTLC3 A Read the questionnaire and add one or two more activities to each list. Then complete the questionnaire. Find out with our questionnaire Check the boxes that apply to you O went to see anew band, O joined a music group. O went to the theater O went to a comedy show. O went to the ballet. O went to an art exhibition. O Joined a book club. O took a language class. O went toa museum. O sawa foreign movie. Score one point for each box you checked. Score 0-3: Cultural activities are definitely not for you! Score 4-7: Why not try some different cultural activities? Score 8-10; You're areal Culture Vulture! B EQ Work in groups. Compare your answers to the questionnaire. Discuss any other cultural activities that you do regularly. ‘A: So, did you go to the theater last year? Yes, Idi. (went a lot. What about you? ‘ No, |don’t go to the theater very often, but | do go to the movies a Jot! ¢ [i Tell the class about the activities that people do. Say which are popular. + In our group, a lot of people go to the theater. But the theater isn’t as popular as the movies. Culture vulturey eee OU) E A LANGUAGE IN CONTEXT Read the blog. Did the writer like the movie? {min ec movie cif, andl ve welch ‘are dumb, bu! The Shining was really movies from different periods and interesting, Infact, | think i's the most) diferent genres: We wach good and interesting horror movie | know because (bad movies, and we vote on the best _ is really a psychological drama. Jack ‘one and the worst one from each ‘Nicholson is great, of course. But the decade and each genre. This month greatest acior in the movie, in my S ‘we've walehing horror movies from opinion, is Danny Lloyd, who plays Jock the 1980s. Some of he horror movies Nicholson's son. He was just allie swe saw were really scary, but we olf boy at the time, but he was already-an thought the scariest movie we saw incredible actor! ‘was The Shining (1980) with Jock - Nicholson. It was scarier than all the NOTICE! thers. In general, Think horror movies | Circle the adjectives in the text. Do all of the adjectives have the same form? B ANALYZE Read Exercise A again. emma Function Choose the correct option to complete the sentence. WATCH OUT! 4 We use superlative adjectives to compare a characteristic of 7 He's the thinnest man 9) two things. 6) more than two things. X He's the thinest man Form Choose the correct option to complete the rule. Then tle stietaet thintren complete the table with examples from Exercise A. (1)We always / never use the with superlative adjectives. We alnaysV never use than. For most one-sylable adjectives, adel -est - old—the oldest dullthe dullest great—the 2) One-syllable adjectives. For adjectives that end in consonant-vowel-consonent, double the final consonant and add -est: ; thin—the thinnest fat—the fattest _big—the biggest ‘Adjectives ending in. Change the yto iand add -est: consonant + -y happy—the happiest easy—the easiest _scary—the (a) | ‘Adjectives with two or | Use most or least: more syllables important—the most important _interesting—the () Irregular adjectives good—the 5) bad--the (6) © PRACTICE Complete these sentences with the superlative form of the adjective in parentheses. — 4. [think Luciano Pavarottiwas the 10.0 (great) singer in history 2 Taking a class is one of the —___— (good) ways to meet new people. 3 The 2 interesting) shows on TV are animal shows. 4 The Gustiey (funny) movie that | ever saw was The Mask with Jim Carrey. i 5 Marilyn Monroe was the" _______ (beautiful cultural icon of the 1950s. 6 I think hip-hop is the ——— — (bad) type of music. I hate it! 7 Maroon 5's new album is the —— hot) CD of the year. 8 _Inmy opinion, that was the — {boring) movie ever! ‘ D [Now You Do IT Choose one of these topics, or use your own idea. Tell a partner one or two details about it. + the funniest TV show + the best group inconcert | + the most popular singer in your country : ‘a: The funniest TV show is Modem Family. | realy like all the actors. B Really?! think the funniest TV show isReem cic A. Read this movie review. Did the writer enjoy The Simpsons Movie? ‘movies you missed when they were new, and to an (and again). This week we're focusing on The Simpsons Movie has to be one of my loves him more than he loves his kids! This fs favorite movies of alltime. [ove itbecause | one ofthe most enteriaining movies | knows it's as funny asthe cartoons, buti's longer | butt has some serious elements, too: The than the TV episoties, so there arelots more [iain message of the movie deals with some. laughs! The stor is that Homer causes 2 ‘ofthe most important social and poltica leak in the nuclear power piant wnerehe [issues ef ourtime, ke the effect of human works, and hes to save the city and his beings on the environment, andthe dangers ‘amily ftom cisaster As usual,he encounters | of polation and nuclear disaster I you lots of prables, and ote of funny things missed this movie in 2007, check itout row! ‘happen. think the funniest part of the movie | | defintely recommend it! as when Homer takes a pig home from a Festaurant. He cals him Spicer Pig, and he The Simpsons Movie (2007) B Circle T (true) or F (false) for each statement. Then read the movie review again to check your answers. This website has reviews of old and new movies. THE The movie in the review above is a comedy. TE ‘The reviewer says the movie isnit as good as the TV shows, tote The movie has some serious subjects TE The movie is from the first decade of the new millennium. i ¢ [think about two movies that you saw recently: one good and one bad. Tell a partner about the best and worst parts of these movi Recently, saw ... The best part was when The worst part of the mavie was when eee Tec ccd © We ure the words s0 and because to link ideas. Because is used to introduce the reason for something, and so is used to introduce the result of something, A Read this description. Which famous cultural icon does it describe? leas first invented in 1886.6. John Pemberton na pharmacy las, (8) because /< it very quickly became one ofthe mast In Alana, Georga(1) because 'so he wanted to make “health popular drinks with his customers. By 1887, the business was too Ahnk: Pemberton sai that twas good for people's health bia for Pemberton, (4) because / oOD Look at the pictures. Choose words from Exercises A and B to discuss which aspects of culture these images represent. Accom REFLECT ... Hove can hoving ‘ewareness of your own culture and ‘other cultures be useful to you in Work and Career and Study and Learning? collage about your country or a different country that you are interested in. Your collage could include photos, drawings, newspaper clippings, or even items at represent aspects of a culture. Present your € EG work in pairs or small teams. Develop a culture ie Culture vultureOTT RNC (Ae UES ‘A. Complete the sentences with words in the box. (6 points) amazifg awful ill fascinating hilarious werd 1 [think the way this aris uses color is great! His painting are 51 2 That movie was so tii. / | almost fell asleep! < oe 3. The main character in that movie made me feel uncomfortable: He was really 4 don't like reality TV shows. I think they're : 5 Whata- book! The ideas are really interesting and original. | & thought The Simpsons Movie was — | couldn't stop laughing. B Circle the correct words to complete the conversation. (9 points) I'm bored. There's nothing to do around here is I’m cngoing to f going to see a play at the theater tonight. Do you want to come? Or there's a comedy show on Saturday nights. My friends and | ofteh (2) go to /join that. No, thanks. | don't ike comedy shows. | never findthem that funny. ‘Oh, OK. Well, how about (9) taking / going to see. sculpture exhibition with me tomorrow? I don’t want to (a) go to / learn about sculpture, | don’t like it. Well, would you like to (8) join / go to a museum? Yes, maybe. | would like to (6) go to see / learn more about history, actually. So why don't you i take/ go to see a history class at the college? And you should (join / take) 2 book club. You love reading! ‘That's a great idea. Then | can (9) join / learn about literature, too! PAS Complete these statements with as ... as or the superlative form of the adjective in parentheses. (15 points) ove CSI: Los Angeles. I's 1) 2s (good) TV show on right now. | also like CSI: NY, but itisn’t @ 1.5. (good) CSI: Los Angeles, so | don't watch every show. Going to the theater isn’t @) (cheap) going to the movies, but itisn’t 4) SS (expensive) going to 2 restaurant, That's very expensive. Ronaldo is =) —_— 1. 2{s(amazing) soccer player in the world. People say Pelé was the best player, but | don’t think he was (6) — (talented) Ronaldo.“ ~ 7 In my opinion, sculpture is 7) (fascinating) form of art llove it! To me, painting isnt) interesting seulpture. Rosin sculptures are @) (beautiful) sculptures I've ever seen. a 4 A burger without cheese is (10) (good) a burger with-cheese, They're the same. Buta burger with no ketchup is —— (bad) thing in the world! & Hove comedy movies, and I think Groundhog Day's (ta) — (hilarious) movie of all. _ Ghostbusters was amazing, too, but it wasn't (13). (funny) Groundhog Day. 9/ All ofthese paintings are really weird, but this is (1) ~\ “0 (weire) one of al And the artist's photographs are, 1s) = {strange) her paintings. x ‘not as... as and superlatives. eee score. nS A B & cs a B WePBipressing opinions and talk about cultural activities. jans 1 and 5 on pages 20 and 22. ‘SCORE: ns ®UNIT 3 IN THIS UNIT YOU A_Where would you like to go on vacation? Number the pictures in order of preference. read text with advice for Americans traveling to tha UK. pronoun reference ask for permission and make B [work in pairs or small groups. Talk about which vacation you would like to go on and why Learning ways to estimate or guess SKILLS STUDY . & LEARNING Tickets, money, passport!TO ese @] 10 Listen and match the words to the pictures. Gamap [la suitcase [a passport [la drivers license [tickets [isunscréen [sunglasses Da wallet [2 guidebook [Ja toothbrush B [choose the top five essential things in Exercise A to take on a summer vacation. Then compare your answers in pairs. A; think a toothbrush is essential : Well, you can buy a toothbrush, but your passport is essential if you want to go to a different country! toc Ts A [11 Listen to the first part of a conversation. | Check the place where Alison is going on vacation. B [Listen to the rest of the conversation. ‘Write Alison’s travel essentials in two lists below. i Compare your answers in pairs. Things she already has Things she needs to buy © Answer these questions about the conversation. Then listen to the whole conversation again and check your answers. 4 Is Alison going on vacation with @ tour group? 2 What two short tours is she going to do? _ yi 3 Who organized Alison's trip? How? 4 Howdid she pay forthe trip? D [9 Work in pairs. Talk about a vacation or trip you are planning, Tell your partner what things you need to take. ‘What things do you already have and what things do you need to buy?reflexive pronouns A [B72 LANGUAGE IN CONTEXT Listen to the conversation below. Where do you think the men are? Pau | guess we have to carry our suitéases ourselves. There isn't anyone to help: lucas: Yeah, | guess so. can carry the bags, but can you go up the stairs by yourself, or do you need help? | can take the bags up and then come back to help you peut No, don't worry. | caro it, and lean carry EMOIICEL = my backpack myself. It isn’t very. heavy. Caceoahenoderr Lueas: OK, but don't hurt yourself! bold. What words come: Paul: Don't worry I'm fine before -selfor -selves? B ANALYZE Read the conversation in Exercise A again. Form Complete the table with examples from Exercise A. Subject pronouns Reflexive pronouns Singular I o you Plural we STAGE you yourselves they themselves Function Match the functions 1 and 2 with the examples A and B. We use reflexive pronouns 41 when the subject and the object of the sentence are the same, 2. toindicate without help from another person. I can Carty my. suitcase myself. by [bought myself.a birthday gift dd PRACTICE Circle the correct pronoun to complete the sentences. Imade me /:myselfa cake! Do you want me to help you/ yor c 1 2 elf? 3 My brother fs going to cartip by him / 4 5 ‘ 7 8 am WATCH OUT! / themselves on adventure trips. Sometimes people hurt # Please call us ourselves when you arrive. ¥ |bumed myselt if X | bumed me Look. | painted this picture Im My sister wants to buy her ticket her / herself. This computer program automatically updates it / itself D_ [Now You Do IT Work in groups. Discuss these questions. 4 What things can you do yourself when you travel, and what things do you ask other people to do for you? Do you like traveling by yourself? Why or why not? 3 What is something that you were recently able to do yourself, without help from another person? Tickets, money, passport!eT) Cee o Pronouns, and words like this, that, here, there, these, and those con replace noun phrases ond even entire sentences, Read the sentences that come before ‘a pronoun to help you identify what the pronoun refers to. A. Read this article and check the sentence that best expresses the main idea. Ly Americans are very interested in British culture, EH] There are some differences between the U.S.A. and the U.K. BLOG AROUND any people rom the U.S.A, and all ve the wer THE WORLD Peace war URGES LES there eohere are some tins, dreamers! Ss Tins a Q 2s corte valine shes Bei ne you TS 162 are going to need them, In Landon, when you ask people ns how fr something I, the ansner i always “about five-minute walk.” Do not believe them, The British areal worl-class Speed wales. The United Kingdom Fe & Prericans, a subway isnot a subway Ifyou go down some stairs a, * next to a sign that says SUBWAY, you are simply going to go under a street and back up to the other side of it) You are not ‘going to catch the next tran to Piccadilly Circus, If you want to get a train to goithere, look for the London Underground sign. Of course, subway tunnels under streets are a very good idea s because the British drive on the wrong side ofthe road! When you check into a hotel, ask for a short lesson about the bathroom. No two of these in Britain are the same. | usuglly have ‘0 look around for several-minutes before | can figure out how to flush the toilet. And | can almost never operate the shower without instructions. | once had to get out of a shower in Oxford and go downstairs to ask the hotel receptionist how to turn it off. There is actually a postcard called The British Bathroom, with everything on it labeled to help tourists! Seriously, though, if you are going to travel to the U.K., or to any other foreign country, spend some time learning about it before you go. Your trip will be much more fun and less stressful! B. Find the pronouns listed below in the text. Who or what does each one refer to? Choose the correct option. 1 there (paragraph 1, line 3) )_alloverthe world bythe UK. 9 the USA. 2. them (paragraph 2, ine 5) a) the shoes by people walkers 3. it (paragraph 3, line 11) ») the subway ») the underground @) the street 4 these (paragraph 4, line 17) a) hotels by lessons. bathrooms 5 it (paragraph 4, line 23) a) downstairs b) the hotel receptionist. «the shower ¢ (J work in pairs. Find the pronouns below in the text. Read the sentence containing the pronoun and the previous sentence. Say who or what the pronoun refers to. They (paragraph 1, line 2) Ai them (paragraph 2, line 7): L = there (paragraph 3, line 13): Tron it (paragraph 4, line 23}:D Circle the correct completion for each statement. Then look back at the text to check your answers. According to the writer, the British walk very fast slowly. The American word for tains that go under streets is| underground / subway. In the U.K,, a subway is a train / tunnel. The writer thinks British bathrooms are similar to / different from bathrooms in other countries. A Complete the phrases with the correct words in the box. ee fe a reservation 5 acar 2 Lt money 6 a restaurant / @ museum =: your suitcase 7 a train /a bus to the aitport ce =- “a tour 8 ata hotel / at an airport B [§J Work in pairs. Discuss which activities from Exercise A you should do before you travel and which activities you should do after you arrive_ A [think its a good idea to rent a car before you t Why? You can do it when you arrive. ‘A: Yes, but its often cheaper to rent before you travel. 6 TENA A Read the blog. What was unusual about this travel experience? eC BOLO NI acer pert to neks in beaut Taland. The cpt, Bangkok, hes DTA) pI BM sort orang maces, sch ashe enormous Catch neskens mares where you can buy traditional Thai clothes and handicrafts. One day, | was Sent looking at silk blouses in one of the thousands of stalls in the market, and | wanted to try on a blouse, The vendor spoke only a little English, and of course, | don't speak Thai at all! | indicated that | wanted to try on the blouse, but she said no. At that moment, a Thai woman was walking past the # stall. She stopped and said to me, “I'l help you.” She convinced the vendor to let me try on:the blouse, and | bought it. But here's the amazing part! We started talking, and it turned out that we both live in avery small community near San Antonio, Texas. That was.a big coincidence, but that’s not al. It also turned out that she owns my favorite Thai restaurant! So that is how | met the owner of Thai Spice in San Antonio, Texas, in the riddle of the city of Bangkok (population § million), in the middle of a market with thousands of stalls and thousands of people! To get to the Chatuchak market in Bangkok: take the Skytrain (BTS) to the Mochit station (five-minute walk from there). (eeu tts Naan Gag B Choose a place you visited or that you know well and make some notes for a blog entry like the one in Exercise A. Use the questions below to help you. 4 Where did you go? When did you go there? 2 What experiences or places were especially memorable? Why? 3 What information do you want to include for other travelers? © Now write your blog entry. “Post” it on the wall in the classroom. Tickets, money, passport!modals of permission, request, and offer 13 LANGUAGE IN CONTEXT Listen to the conversations below. Where do you think each one takes place? Conversation 1 Conversation 2 Man: Can we check in, please? Mer: Can |help you with your bags? They look Woman; Certainly. May I see your passports, please, heavy. sir? Woman: Oh, thank you. That's very kind. May | have Man: Yes, Here you are. the bil, please? = Thank you, Shall | order you.a meal forthe Man: Certainly, madam. flight? Woman: And could | ask you something? Yes, vegetarian, please. Oh, and could have man Of course, awindow seat? Woman: Can you call me 2 taxi to the airport? : I'm somy, sir, 'm afraid you can‘t change Max: No problem. Il call one now and ask the seats now. The flight is ful. river to wait outside. Man: Oh, well. Never mind. Woman: That would be great. Thank you. B ANALYZE Read the conversations in Exercise A again. Form Choose the correct option to complete the sentence. We always use .. with modal verbs. ®) the bese form ofaverb —_&)_the infinitive with to Function Choose the correct option(s) to complete the sentences. Then complete the grammar table with examples from Exercise A. We use can, could, and may with lor we to 2) ask permission. 4) make arequest. make an offer We use can and could with you to ®) askpermission. _)_ makearequest. 9 make-an offer. We use For we with can and will to 2) ask permission. 6) makearequest. 9 maken offen We use ___ to deny permission and refuse requests 3 can't ») couldn't 2 wouldn't Permission Requests Offers ° ie f ay help check in, please? call me a taxi? ‘you with your bags? jee ask ey CSN 1 — call one now and you something? have a window seat, please? _ ask the driver to wait outside. o= Hee see, Magy SOE a : your passport? have the bil, ploase? © PRACTICE Complete this conversation using WATCH OUT! modals of permission, request, and offer. In some ‘ cases, there is more than one correct answer. Gee ese eon ey Haze; Good morning, (1) —\. | see some Excuse me. May | use your phone? information about trips to Japan, please? are: Yes, of course. We have several brochures, but @)—._you complete this questionnaire fist? OK. @ {1 _1 sit here? Yes, of course. 1(4) ul, __ move these books for you. Oh, and 5) | use your pen, please? | don't have one. 1 Of course. Now, (6) I get you a drink?Tés# Coffee? No, I'm fine, thanks. X May you help me with my suitcase? X Willwe please have some'more towels? y> [Now you Do it Work in pairs. Look at the situations below. Ask and answer questions for these situations using modals of permission, request, and offer. + You are at t rain station and would like help with your suitcase. + Your friend is thirsty, and you want to get them a drink + You are ina taxi and want to. go dawntawn + Your friends are having a party and you can bring same snacks. + You are in a café and would like to see the menu, SR CO ALA © Choose a few positive and negative short responses that you can use when people make requests or ask permission to do something. Memorize ond practice them so that you're ready to use them at the right moment. A. Look at these pictures and re} match them to the correct questions. 4 May sit here, please? 2. Caniclose the window, please? 3 Could you tell me where the gas station is, please? 4° Could you turn down your music, please? B Look at these responses for each question above. Check the responses that are possible. + sue. [i'm sorry | can't [i Certainly. 2 EqGo ahead. Eves, of course. DiSorry, but I'd rather you didn’t. “ 3 Go ahead. [i Sorry, | don’t know. Dives, sure. 4 D1Of course. EINo problem. EI'm sorry, you can’t, ¢ [Work in pairs. Take turns making requests and answering them ‘A: Could | use your pen, please? 8: Sure, go ahead A [14 Listen and choose the word you hear each time. Then practice saying the words. self? shelf sort / short see/ she ip / ship. sign / shine sock / shock so / show B [is EG work in pairs. Practice the tongue twister. Listen and check. She sells seashells on the seashore. Tickets, money, passpo- A Read this extract from an environmental textbook, Follow the instructions. Carbon Your carbon footprint is how much carbon dioxide live in a big house. I's smaller when you use public (CO) gas you produce in your everyday life, This transportation (like buses and trains) to get around, ‘comes from things such as traveling, cooking, and when you use a bike, or when you recycle clothes and heating your home. Your carbon footprint is bigger, furniture. Travel of any kind makes up the largest part of for example, when you drive your car alot, especially a person's carbon footprint. fo get a basic idea of the it you usually drive to school or work by yourself.l’s _size of your own cartoon footprint, check the activities also bigger if you take alot of fights, or when you that you do below. Bigger carbon footprint er] go on allot of foreign go on vacation close to vacations home travel by car/taxi travel by bus/train/bicycle ‘cook with gas/oil cook with electricity buy food from large buy food from local supermarkets markets live in a large house live in a smallhouse or apartment B In order to estimate your carbon footprint, you need to do some simple math, Follow these instructions from the Be Greener website. BE — Megan estimated how much she used cars and tans in a week KM Megan’s total estimated travel Then she calculated 949 ral for last year: her total for a year Then she estimated age how much she traveled KM by plane last year Then she estimated tow much she if used buses and trains in a week KM. Then she calculates her total for a rear and divided it by two, because you produce less carbon dioxide when you use public transportation KMASTIN M eA ‘My total estimated car and text BE bilometrs are GREENER epee ‘My total estimated air kilometers are Now do si this year Ay total estimated bus and train Wlometers are this year member to divide the total by two. nally, add your estimates 1-3 ther to obtain a total estimate. ¢ [J Work in groups. Compare the estimates you made in Exercise B, Based on transportation use, who has a large carbon footprint? Who has a small carbon footprint? ‘A: think Ihave a sma Jonly drive about 3,200 kilometers per year fal er fly, 50 may for that. V B {also think mine is small. | ah D [Everyone can do something to reduce their carbon footprint. Match the topics (1-5) to the things you can do (a-e), and tell your group what you could do to reduce your carbon footprint, 2) Use buses and trains +) Don't go by plar ° jon't cris yourself. Share a ride. REFLECT .... tow can tho skill of estimating and guessing be useful io you in Work and Career cand Self and Society? a ets, money, passport!Language wrap-up seus A Complete this conversation with words in the box. (8 points) backpack driver'license guidebook map passpor: sunscreen tickets wallet tis: The for our vacation in Morocco arrived yesterday, 'm so excited! Sars: Me, to0! But 'm not ready yet. What do | need to bring? Lisa: Well, you definitely need (a) Morocco is really sunny! sera: OK. And what should | pack my clothes in? % | Ls: Well, I'm taking a) — to carry everything in because it's easier than a suitcase. | | Sera: - Good idea. I'm going to bring a ¢#) too, so we will know what to see. | se: Great! And | have a (5) so we know where to go when we're driving around. 7 Sara: Oh, yes, | forgot we were renting a car. | guess | need my )___|_| Wit else? My money isin my 7 — Lise: Don't forget your @) so | won't forget that. _! You'll need it to get out of the country. B Complete the phrases with the correct verb. (7 points) 1 Isthere a bank near here where | can _.\_ some money? 2 We can “ [now you po it Work in groups. Talk about concerts you've seen live or on TV. Give details. | Has anybody seen Adele in concert? Yes, | have. Isa her in 2012. Was theconcert good? twas awesome. She sang perer played at the Continental Club the last time you went? eB & moa Musical notes TTReading is faster and easier if you can predict what the text is about before you read it Use titles, headings, pictures, and what you already know about the topic fo make predictions. A. Look at the title, the headings, and the pictures in Exercise B. Think about what you know about different types of music, Predict whether these statements about the text are T (true) or F (false). : 4. Musical fusion is the combination of musical styles to create anewstyle, — T/ F 2. Fusion music is not popular today, TIE 3 Fusion musics always a combination of different types of American music, T/ F 4 Fusion music is only in English. TIF B Now read the text and check your answers in Exercise A. How many of the answers did you predict correctly? Musical Fusion ’sallin the n us ‘Musial fusion about bringing Music constantly crosses from countty fi Theres fantastic fusion music from all diferent musical gences together. Often, i tocountry and languageto language. fi over the world, and the internet gives this can create exiting new music Musigans from allover the world have us access to many types of music and Siyles Didyou know thatrockand oll had gest success in English-speaking J] musicians we've never head of before isthe result ofthis mixing of music? ‘counties South Korean rap-pop star ifyou havent heard muchinternational inthe 1950s American atts started Psy became an interational sensation | music, search for word fusion muskon combining country mus traditional fi in2012.wthhissong Gangnam Style the internet to listen to samples. blues musle and gospel music rom ‘Manu Chao isa French singer who sings churches to make an exciting new inFrench Spanish, English tala, Sound. Rock and all then traveled across fl Aabic, and Portuguese Latin American the Atlantic Ocean to Britan,and the musicians, suchas Shakira from Colombia Bitshadded their own tye. The result and the Braziin hip-hop group was ands lie The Beatles and The Racionas, have also been succesfulal Rolling Stones inthe 1960s. These bands [fl over the world with songs both in English created music that was afusion of Bitsh I andi their native languages. and American rock that people al over the word loved. Since then, many popular musical styles have fused to create diferent types of ‘music. There are artists lke Taylor Swit, whose musicisa fusion of country, rock, and pop. Artists lke the Red Hot Chil Peppers successfully mix tock, R&B, and soul music to create thelr ovin style. ‘Nu-metalartists like Korn and Linkin Park fuse heavy metal, rock, and hip hop. n Britain, Asian fusion is especially popular, with artists lke Talvin Singh, ‘Who combines electronic dance with classical Indian music ¢ P@work in groups. Discuss these questions about fusion music and make recommendations. 1. What fusion music do yoy know? 2. Isita fusion of musical styles from your country, or of international styles?oa cu RTs a A [work in pairs. Read the conversation. Then decide which of the underlined adjectives are positive and which are negative. Write them in the correct column of the table. Rakesh: | love this song! It's really\good for dancing. ‘Meera: Really? | don’t like it. | think hip-hop is too loud. | always have to turn. down the volume! ‘sjun: [ike most hip-hop. I think the best is catchy-—you know, you have to move! And the lyrics have good social messages. Meera: | guess | prefer pop. Its really upbeat, you know, It makes you feel good. ‘Arjun: | find most pop songs just silly. The lyrics aren't relevant or interesting. And it's so repetitive! You know, the same tune or words over and over again | Meeras_ What about jazz? Now that’s repetitive! And its really old-fashioned, like from when aur grandparents were young, ‘ajux: I disagree. For me, the really old stuf is fantastic. | ike to listen to itn the evenings— find it really elaxing. - Positive Negative ; interesting 4b boring fun awful HOWTO SAY IT happy violent x “ Describing music : | think (rock music) is B [J Work in groups. Use adjectives from the table above to give | fi clessical musi) relly. Your opinions about different types of music. Tome ne because te. ‘ks think classical music is great The iyres are. B: Really? | don’t like it. | think it's old-fashioned, and | find it boring because it The beatis ... doesn't have lyrics. The tune is... {27 Listen to a conversation about musical preferences. Check the music the people like. Hip-hop. Pop Rock Andy Jon B Listen again and circle the correct words to complete the sentences. 4. Jon can't stand hip-hop betause he thinks its awflll/ too fou. 2. Jon also thinks hip-hop is boring / dumb, 3 Andy likes hip-hop because the lyries are good for dancing to / interesting. ‘4 Andy doesn't like pop musie because he thinks i's awful / dumb, 5 Andy thinks pop music bil sounds the same / sounds horrible. ‘Work in groups. Discuss these questions and take notes. Then report the results to the class. 1 How many people in your group like each of the three types of music above? 2. Which bands, singers, and albums do you recommend for each type of music? In our group, two people like pop music. We all like rock. Only Steve likes hip-hop. “He recommends the new album by... called... We think the most popular rack band is Musical notes.problem 1-2 with the advice A-B. ‘rv not ure wnot 1 co. My sour syst is Ok ota low volume, But Tum upihe volume coesn sounc, 900 $01 need a new one. ut tne prcbiom sont have aot of money. What do you recomnens? (Shou buy the most expensive brane cnyway? @ > tove akinds of music, and ke 0 tur up the volume vihen |isten to. The problem fs that lve in an ‘opartment, nd my neighbors complain. neve listen te loud music late at night, s0 | don’ understand why ‘others them! What shoul | do? Do have fo tun down ény music ol he fie? B ‘ANALYZE Look at the text in Exercise A again. Function Choose the correct oj We use should and ought to to 2} give advice and make recommendations.) Form Complete the table with examples from Exercise A. ‘A LANGUAGE IN CONTEXT Read this advice column. Match each ECan khmer 1 OV Tiss very common problem, and the solution ish't Ove n to complete the sentences. give 2 warning, Pro roorc once) ‘995. You Oughtfo respect your neighbors’ wishes because: they have aright to peace and quist in thelr home. Perhaps “you should get some headphones if you want fo listen to loud muste - { you love music you shoule-buy some new ‘equioment And it you want great sound. yol should buy cctealy cheap brand. We think you ough) fe seve Up Your money ani buy something good quai. doesr't have to be the most expensive, tnowsh all the examples of Affirmative Negative Questions: Short answers Subject + You) You (i What (1 Yes, you should, should +base | get some buy areally cheap | Ido? No, you shouldn't. form of the verb: headphones brand. Ss I buy the most expensive brand? Subject + ought : You ts) to + base form respect of the verb your neighbors’ wishes © PRACTICE Use the prompts to write complete sentences with should, ought to, or had better, In two of the sentences, more than one modal is possible. You / buy / some better speakers, We / get / our tickets online? You / not / download music illegally. What CD /1/ buy / for my brother? 2c and her music bothers me.” —Gina 2. "My friends don't like the same music as | do, so | don’t have anyone to go to shows with.” —Ryan You / not / listen to loud music through headphones. Everyone / respect / other people's taste in music now vou po It work in groups. Give advice for these problems. a “My sister listens to music when she studies. | can’t study with music on, WATCH OUT! 7 You should buythe new Fy ‘Adele album, 3 “Ilove music, but my girlfriend gets angry if listen to my MP3 player when ; X You'd better buy the rnew Adele album. we're together.” —Olliestarting and ending a conversation {© To start a conversation in a social situation with a person you don't know, you can make-a comment, or ask a question about the present sition. To end a conversation, it is polite t6 make an excuse. | A. 28 atch the conversation starters to the responses. Then listen and check your answers. 1 Hi, Great party! a) No, | haven't, but I think they're great! 2 Are you enjoying the concert?) We're in the same art class. How about you? 3 So, how do you know Katy? Yeah, itis. My name's Rachel. What's yours? 4 Have you seen this band before? a) Yes; it's awesome! How about you? Choose the phrase that should not be in the list. Explain why. I'm sorry, I should go now. Iewas nice ta meet you, Oh, excuse me, It6 late, so I'd better call home. Excuse me. What time is it? + Sorry, can you excuse me for 2 minute? c [work in pairs. Choose a situation and have a conversation. Student A, start the conversation. Student B, end the conversation. Situation 1: You're at a concert listening to a band, Situation 2: You're at a party. INga little boring, CTI Mumford and Sons i Fy eee sleet eae eee eer (orirerer ae Nee aes ac se ae eect eee ee iis were excellent, and he’s also a great quitatist. And of spore yee fete a sag ae B_In your notebook, use the guidelines on the right and make notes about a concert you have been to. © Write your review of the concert. D [put your review on the wall. Read your classmates’ reviews. Then discuss these questions What y in groups. < 1 Have you seen any of the bands or singers your classmates wrote about? If so, di agree with the comments about the concen? 2. Which bands or singers do you want to see? Did you already want to see them, or dif the review convince you? fon Wo Ry Musical notesOF A PRESENTATION 10a specific are HOW TO SAY IT Making suggestions for topics [think we should talk about We'd beter (not ty 10 include A WG work in pairs. You are going to give a three-minute | We cughtto tell people about - presentation on one of these topics. Discuss which topic WESRTa ee abou you want to choose and check the box. sameeren als aband fmusic 4 in your pairs, discuss aspects of the topic you chose in Exercise A that you think are interesting or important. Make a list, Here are some ideas. Aband Atype mmendations pands and albums y commer ra playli recommend© Now choose one item from the list you made in Exercise B to focus on in your presentation. Make a mind map like the one below showing the main points you want to include. ae Es Ve ( oa aa history Ay 4 ee ce on ey CHILI PEPPERS. A Cee albums you COSreR recommend tows 3 * D. Write notes for your presentation on note cards. At the top of your note card, write the main point and list details below it. Red Het Cite Peppers « Artiony Kiedis; Michact Peter Balzary, Chad Smith, Tosh Ktnghot fer rock / funk rock REFLECT ... How con the pas skill of narrowing the focus of a presentation be useful to you in ‘Work and Career and Study and Learning? % 9 Do your presentation in front of the class. Musical notesLook at the pictures and complete the sentences with x the words in the box. Then circle the correct option in each sentence. (15 points) classiéal country hip-hop jazz tock 1 John likes He thinks its @) fun loud, but | don't. Its too (3) upbeat / olc-fashioned)\! prefer new music. 2 Myparents hato They say it’s too 18) romantic/ \ joud) But | love it because its (4) fun / repetitive 3. Imever listen to @) music. | think it sounds really (8) fur A sad) My sister listens to it when she studies because she says it’s ( ey rel 1 4 Doll like (1) music? No, | don’t! its awfull The music is iu repetitive / and the lyrics are usually (12) My'sister loves She says it’s really ¢ [like it Because the lyrics are interesting | | a | and the music BAAS GoeCH [EBA Us ajacives to tak about diferent types of music G50 correct: Look again at Sections 1 and 5 on pages 50 and 53. SCORE: ns ] A Complete the conversation with the correct present perfect or simple past form of the verbs in parentheses. Use short forms where possible. (10 points) Guess what! Im 4% _ (get) two tickets last week for the Bruno Mars concert next month. | Wow! That's fantastic! @) you (ever/see) him before? No, @)! @l (never/go) to a concert before. ‘Are you kidding? (6) |! {g0) to loads of concerts! Maybe 40: ‘Wow! Who's the best singer (6 you (ever/see)? lo (sée) Justin Timberlake last year, and he (@ (be) amazing But |) (go) to a music festival last summer, and Lady Gaga (10) a (play) She was amazing B Check the corréct sentence. Correct the incorrect sentences. {5 points) 1 Ought we to buy more milk? 2 You shouldn't to make promises you can't keep. 3. Where ought | to go to buy the best speakers? 4 What should | wear to the party tonight? L You ought apologize to Miriam for what you said BIE io orrect: ean Use the present perfect anc the simple past to talk abot past experiences and Biehils, snd should, aughit to, and had better to give advice and warnings DAO correct: Look again at Sections 3 and 7 on pages 51 and 54, SCORE: ns ©UNIT 6 IN THIS UNIT YOU £03 earn language for talking about hames and housenalc chores lten wa lecture nd He con fences far oe paragrenhs about ving away from home: indensfying paragraph ut designing Op thee re suli, ces ) Qe talkabourwhare you lve video about some very special living spaces ela = 1,4] 8 BS STUDY . & LEARNING A Look at the rules of Feng Shui for a bedroom. Which Feng Shui rules do the bedrooms in the pictures follow? Which ones don’t they follow? B [Think about your bedroom. How do you feel when you are in it? Which things follow the rules of Feng Shui? Which do not? Tell a partner. The walls in my bedroom are wh ind its very neat. | always feel pty) thechnese art otcaing sharon conconnest Uses ln corse oneal tedoa then o 28 shoutotpoo te : espa beseon rm Donateep wok Sri ngs ios Learn ways to consider the different options in order to make a decision ones© Oye MU) ‘A Draw and label the missing items in the architect's house plan. Use the symbols in the key. You can use the items more than once. BATHROOM 0, [ea wide Ofte KITCHEN “(tn 1S o / - : 5 i 4 “BEDROOM _ [coFree TABLE arwicnain REFRIGERATOR 8 ING CHAIR DINING TABLE B [work in pairs. Compare your house plans. A: In. my'plan, there’ a sofa and two armchairs in the living room, There's a coffee table in front of the sofa. What about your bedroom? 2 Cer pM eed ‘A [work in pairs. Look at the words and phrases in the box. ‘What do they refer to? Categorize them in the table. Positions ue B_ Think of your favorite room in your home. Draw a diagram of the room in your notebook and label the furniture. Think about the colors in the room and the position of the furniture. ¢ [J work in pairs. Look at your diagram and describe your room to your partner.22 LANGUAGE IN CONTEXT Listen to the conversation below. Why do you think Sarah and Zack have so many things to do? zack: Let's make a list of what we need to do. Sarak: Good idea. OK, first, we have to contact the gas company and the power company. Yes, and we have to contact the telephone company about connecting the phone line serak: Why? We don’t need to get a home phone line, Zack. We both have cell phones. Zeck But we need a home phone line for the internet Swab: That’strue. Zack: Let's see, what else? We don’t have to paipt the e © bedroom because the paint is OK in there, but we'need NOTICE! = to paint the kitchen and the living room because the ae ee ~ walls in those coms are an awful color. SReLE EEE oe comes after cach one? B ANALYZE Read the text in Exercise A again. Function Match the modal verbs with their functions. 1 have to 2} Isa necessity. 2 need to by Ian obligation. + 3 dén't/doesn’thave to )_ Itisn’t necessary. There's no obligation to do something, Form Complete the tables with examples from Exercise A. Affirmative Negative have to don’t/doesn’t have to i We — contact the gas | Wels) tat paint the ' company, bedroom. j need to don’t/doesn’t need to - Wer") __13 _ paint the kitchen. Wes) en geta home phone line. © PRACTICE Complete the sentences with appropriate WATCH OUT! affirmative or negative verbs of obligation and necessity. Fe Great! We come to class tomorrow because it's the weekend! My brother — help my cousin move to her new house on Saturday. You always... | read the instructions before you use an electric tool. You haven't to get up) My dad ___ to buy my mom a birthday gift for Tuesday. early on-Sundays. Your stove isn’t working very well. Maybe you _tobuyanewone. [need to study tonight I want to organize my room, but | 1 do itrightnow, solets 90° x j need study toni shopping. You dot have to get upeerly on Sundays D Now you Do It Work in groups. Talk about the following: ‘+ something you have to do today ) + something you don't have to do today because you can do it another day + something you need to buy on the weekend Living spacesTASC RSC Cs © When you listen to insiructions, you need to identify the main steps of the process and then listen for specific instructions in each step. Instructions offen start with sequencing words and/or imperatives. 0 Listen to a lecture about interior design and number the three main stages of the design process in the correct order. 2) Create a general design concept. a 1b) Create an architectural plan for the room. ‘Find out what the client wants. a B Listen to the lecture again, Number the two sub-stages within each main stage in the correct order. Listen again and check. What sequencing words did you hear? Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 {Ja Askwhat the client [1] Choose calors, materials, and Je) Make any final likes and dislikes styles of furniture for the room. changes. about the room [a Meet with the client and then [J Meet with the client [He Find out how the make any changes to the to present the client uses the room, concept, architectural plan, c (check your answers with a partner. A LANGUAGE IN CONTEXT Read the advertisement. ‘According to this company, is there a connection between stress and disorganization? B ANALYZE Read the text in Exercise A again. Pte Function Choose the correct option to complete the rule. We use comparative and superlative adverbs to compare actions / things. Form Choose the correct option to complete the rules. Then complete the table with examples from Exercise A. 1.» We form most comparative adverbs with ... + adverb, @ morecriess 6) the mostor the least = 2 We form most superlative adverbs with ... + adverb. ‘NOTICE! iE a} more onless @ the most or the least Underline all the adverbs in the ad. Which 3 Irregular comparative and superlative adverbs end / words appear immediately before the adverbs? do not end in -y. * Regular adverbs | Comparative “Superlative Irregular adverbs . Comparative | Superlative slowly moresiowly | the mostslowly | fast 9) the fastest stressfully more stressfully ! (gut ssp) often more aften (ry Bal ly carefully more carefully gy well (40) it the best regularly @ bedly worse the worst cfficiently a i ou the most efficiently© PRACTICE Circle the correct option to complete the sentences. 4 Mysister organizes her files more / the most carefully than my brother. In our family, my dad works in the backyard the more / the most WATCH OUT! frequently ofall of us ‘ My brother cooks the better / the best of al \clean-up my room more/ most often than my brother and sister, __-% I write more well than my |also take out the trash more regular regularly than they do. pce \ study the more / the most efficiently when I’m alone My mom goes to the supermarket fes3/ least often than my dad. I.clean the windows the less / the least often of all my chores because Uhate doing it NOW YOU DO IT Work in groups. Compare your habits. ‘What chores does everyone in the group do at home? Who does chores the most frequently? Who organizes their English notebook the most carefully? How can you organize your notebook better? Who in the group seems to live the least stressfully? What is their secret? ¥ Iwrite better than my brother PISO AL A’ Match the sentences to the pictures. DOYOU . NEED TO GET ORGANIZED? HERE ARE SOME TIPS: @ Pick up things off theta. © Hang up your cote at night ‘© Put away clean clotnes in drawors © Take out the trash regularly ‘© Clean up the kitchen after you eat. © Throw away and recycle your trash evry wock ‘@ Give away anything you don't need anymore to charity. B [Work in pairs. Talk about the things you do and don’t do. Who is the most organized? WATCH OUT! Do you clean yp your room every day? Yes. | clean up my room before | go to bed. What about you? {don’t clean up my room eyery day, but | take out the trash every 7 | always take the trash out. evening, WV always take it out, I never take out the trash because my brother does it, but | always clean up the kitchen. Y lalways take out the trash. X {always take out it. Living spacesstress patterns with phrasal verbs }31 Listen and repeat these sentences. Notice that the particle in the second sentence is stressed. 1 lipicked up my jacket. | picked it up. 2 We put away the books. We put them away. 3 Hejcleaned up the kitchen. He cleaned it up. \B [)22 [9 work in pairs. Practice saying the pairs of sentences with the correct stress. Listen and check. 1 Ijgave awey my olé\coat, | gave it away. 2 We didn'tthrow away the bottles. We didn’t throw them away. 3 Hang your clothes up. Hang them up. 4 Please take out the trash. Please take it out. 8 Ce A_ Read these comments on a website forum. Who agrees - with the concepts of Feng Shui? Who does not agree? Hi guys! What does everyone think about Feng Shui? The idea isto make positive energy flow more freely through your home, For example, in your bedroom, you have to take ‘out things like electronics or exercise equipment because their energy interrupts your sleep. They say you should have soft, relaxing colors like beige or pastels for walls,rugs, ‘and curtains. You don't have to eliminate ll bright colors, but you should use them for ‘small objects only. There are also rules about furniture. You need to sleep with your feet facing away from the door for example. 'm thinking of doing it in my bedroom, but! ‘not sure. [sit really worth tors ita lot of change for nothing? | wanted to fee calm and relaxed in my room, so dial of those things The result? More stress! Now| have to use my ‘computer inthe living room while my familys watching TV. And my exercise stuffisin the garage! Those relaxing colors? They‘ really boring! My conclusions that your room has tohave colorsandtyles that you like, andithas to be functional [never follow rendsin decorating. know what lke, and i drit need advice fom experts’ prefer to ceate my own style. Butlast month, |read lotabout Feng Shui and | decided to redesign my bedroom. The walls ere dark blue, 50 painted them peach. moved my bed, sornow my feet ‘don't face the door, and | also put some plants in my bedroom for postive energy. Im really messy and | never hung up my clothes or put away books and papers. Now | put everything ana at night. Maybe is just coincidence, but sleep much beter nol So really recommend itn fact, ym going to eng Shui my living room 15} mgoing to Feng Shui my ving B_ Read the comments on the forum again and answer these questions. What is the main concept of Feng Shui? x ‘What is the problem with electronics? Why is it a good idea to use beige and pastel colors? am What did Dani do with her electronic and exercise equipment? How does Dani feel about the colors in her bedroom? Hs toning, What changes did Liz make in her bedroom? 3 ach os What bad habit did Liz change? Ly t ¥ How does Liz feel about the results? at¢ (work in groups. Compare your answers to Exercise C. Then answer the questions. Would you like to use some of the ideas of Feng Shui in your bedroom? Which ones? ‘4: Tagree that electronics can interrupt your sleep. They make noise! What do you think? 8: { disagree. | have my computer and a TV in my bedroom, and identifying paragraph structure SaaS A Read the first paragraph of an article. What is the main idea, or topic, of the paragraph? Find and underline the topic sentence that introduces the main idea. ‘Young people have to make many decisions when they gracuate om high school. For example, they have to decide if they want +0 g0 to college or get ajob, andi what to study or what type of job to look forjIn some countries, one af the biggest decisions for young adults is where to ive]Do they continue to live with their family or move out? Young people who are going to college ina different town often live ina dormitory (dorm) on campus. Many parents like this option because 2 their children are living away fram home, but they have rules and adult supervision in a dorm. Some: ‘young people choose to rent a room in @ house. Others decide to rent a house or an apartment to share with friends. This last option is more common for people age 20 or older. B Read the second paragraph of the article. Choose the best topic sentence from the choices below. a) Living away from the family can be very positive for young adults for several reasons. ») Of course, living away from home is fun. @) ‘All young people should try living away from home to see if they like it. jean to be more responsible. Thay have to buy food, cook, and clean the house. ‘They also learn to manage money, especialy If they are paying rent. Finally, if they have roommates, they learn to gat along with other people, They have to figure out solutions to their problems without a parent to help. In general, learning to manage a home is a very ppositiva experience for young people. © Read the paragraph and choose the main idea from these phrases. ) advantages of living away from home b) disadvantages of living away from home problems with schoolwork 1 ‘Young people sometimes don't have the sel-discipiine to Ive away from adutt supenision. This can affect ther schoolwork. Also, rent fs expensive, soit can be much cheaper to ve at home. ‘Andtving away from family can be lonely, even if you have roommates. Young people can suffer from depression caused by missing people they love, Living away from home is not the right. H thing for every young person. D [J work in pairs, Write an appropriate topic sentence for the third paragraph. Remember that the topic sentence tells the reader the main idea of the paragraph. 4 Living spaces SERERSHNTESI ysjecide on important criteria, (90k at options and make a list of the pros and cons, {edvantages and disadvantages) of each one. " Decide which is the best option A. You are going to choose a place to live with two or three friends. First | read the criteria below and check the things that are important to you. ‘Add any other ideas you have. What's important +0 me? DD price (bath Ty location, Dl dishwasher [i size of the rooms Ci pets atowed number of rooms i) gets not allowed C) style of property oO ‘ ‘e 1D furnished in ; wnflarnisnes B gona Dgprden § B_Now look at your list and decide which things are essential, and which things you could compromise on.¢ [work in a group with two or three other students. Compare and discuss your criteria, and decide which are the most important things, and which things you can compromise on. Agree on a list of features the property must have, and what things would be preferable. HOW TO SAY IT | Diseusing requirements Forme, the property has tobe... _{t would be good for ito he/have Trperd aren ideally, ike {19 really important fort to have... We definitely need Id prefer ito have RoW aneerm ees | (e-doesn't heve to behave D [J m your group, read the property advertisements below, and make a list of pros and cons (advantages and disadvantages) of each one, according to your shared criteria. Large furnished house on university bus route. Three large bedrooms, bathroom has bathtub and shower, big kitchen with new fridge and stove, central heating, small yard, no pets, Pretty unfurnished house in rural area 20 minutes from the city center. Four small bedrooms and three bathrooms, cozy living room, large yard, fireplace, large kitchen includes stove, fridge, and dishwasher Tenth-loor furnished apartment for rent near university and park Two large bedrooms, large living room, kitchen has new stove and fridge, bathroom with shéwer, fantastic balcony with views over the city, pets OK. E [Now discuss which would be the best property for all of you. REFLEGT =< scott 4: think property .. is the best one for all of us. Its got skill of considering different options 8: Yes, and the best thing about itis be useful o you in Werk and : What about property... though? It has alot of advantages, too. Career and Self and Society? Living spaces ESSAIA. Label the objects in a house. (8 points) B Complete the text with the correct form of verbs in the box. (7 points) : clear up give afray hang up. pickup put away take aut throw away My brother is so messy! He doesn’t ¢) his room or @ 14 1s his clothes and shoes in the closet at night. He | doesn't even (3) his jacket 12 ML when he gets home; he just leaves it on a chair, or even on the floor! He leaves books and papers all over the floor, too; and he doesn't @ 1. them EL _He Rriows he’has a problem, and he says he is going to (9) 4 _'a lot of his old magazines * and papers when he) Lui the trash LON He also wants to 7) — the magaziries to people who will enjoy reading them : SRSRIERSRSIRSGERS IS House and touschld chores. ‘agein-at Sections Tiand 6 on pages 60 and 63, 7 vf 8 | 2 GRAMMAR AA Circle the correct verb to complete the sentences. (7 points) Paul has to/ doesn’t haye to stud tonight because he has a test tomorrow. My brother needs to stucy/ doesn't need to study hard if he wants to pass history. We're happy because tomorrow is &holidal and we have to / don’t have to go to work! You don't have to / can’t smoke in public buildings. I don't have to can’t finish my report how. | can‘do it later. Do we have to / can stop for gaynow? \ can’t/ don’t have to forget to buy my sister a birthday gift! 1 2 3 4 5 5 7 B Complete the sentences with the correct comparative or superlative form of the adverbs in parentheses. (8 points) than my brother. He's really fast! (slowly) Paulo speaks English 11 than everyoneip the class. (wel) ‘Our neighbor paints his house — \Cof'everyone in the area. (frequently) Cameron works than anyone else in the office. He takes lots of breaks! (efficiently) Mario finished his exam in 20 minutes—he worked -“\\__ than all the other students. (fast) Statistics say that people who have pets live "than people who do not. (happily - People who clean their houses \ don't have stressful ives. (often) “ This computer works 1. out of all of these computers. Let's buy it! (well) SiS FSREEIgsion andneed to or necessity. can use comparative ons 3 and 5 on pages 61 ancl 62. SCORE: nsIrregular verbs Infinitive Simple past be wasiwore become became begin began break broke bring brought build buitt buy bought catch ‘caught choose chose cost cost cut cut did crew rank drove ate fel fed felt found fleve get gave went grow Fung had heard hit held hurt kept new left let lost made met paid put read rode rang said sold sent set sang sat spoke stood stuck took taught told thought thew understood woke Past participle been become, begun,” broken brought built bought caught chosen cost cut done drawn drunk driven eaten fallen fed felt found flown gotten given gone grown ung had heard bit held hurt kept known left let lost made met paid ut read ridden rung seid sold sent set sung sot spoken stood stuck taken taught told thought thrown understood woken written Pronunciation symbols Vowels did, near bed, neck, there bad, hand but, mother book, geod, tour banana, computer feed father, box, guitar ‘all, door boot, food, student shirt birthday date, table cry, eye boy comb, post about, how Consonants P b eee os ae perk, happy back, hobby tes dis came, kitchen, quarter game, go face, photographer vegetable thing, math then, that city, summer please, goes she, shop leisure hot, who. chicken, watch jacket, orange sun, know sung, singer week, white rain, writer light, long yes, use, music Irregular verbs & Pronunciation symbols ae|Work in groups. Read the rules below and play the game. + Player A starts the game by telling the group one thing they did yesterday. + Player B repeats what Player A said, and adds one sentence about what they did yesterday. When a player forgets or makes a mistake, they are out of the game. The winner is the person who can remember the most sentences correctly! Yesterday | surfed the internet. Yesterday, Mike surfed the intemet, and | saw a comedy show. Yesterday, Mike surfed the internet, Lily saw a comedy show, and | watched a movie oRe Hl work in pairs. Study the picture for two minutes. Then close your books and take tums completing the sentence in as many ways as you can. Use the past progressive. When the thief stole the woman's purse, When the thief stole the waman’s purse, a man was reading the newspaper. Work in pairs. Mime an activity and your reaction to it. Your partner guesses what you are miming and then asks follow-up questions to get more information. Activity Reaction going on vacations date seeing a foreign movie excited about interested in | getting your exam scores hearing some news amazed st worried about | checking your email angry at Are you interested in an email you received? Yes, | am! Very Really? Why? Because it’ from an old friend, PPee(9 work in groups. You are on a weekend city trip together. Decide which activities from the list below you would like to do. You can’t spend more than $50 each! Compare your ideas with the other people in the group. Give your opinion about the activities below. seeing a musical at The Grand Vector stutent tickets $15 “8 peirg to the Museum of Film and Teloision © using on art exkiition at the National @ faving teach in Chinatown $20 © _gcing to an open-air music Festal in the park$50 (ticket fer two days) Ss in Faxt-a~Past Staking bis tour of the city $5 A Think about the internet activities you do. Take this survey about your internet use. Please rate these internet activities 1-5 in order of importance to you (1 = the most important; 5 = the least important). Please also state how many times you did each activity in the last seven days. Importance How many times in the last seven days? playing games online checking emails sending emails uploading pictures shopping online downloading music browsing the internet blogging ooo000000 4 Geet ees 2 i fet 21 — Seed 2 1 Communicative wrap-upWork in groups of four to six people. Follow these instructions for playing a memory game. Decide which person starts the game, That person begins the game with the following: | went on vacation, and | took The next person repeats the first person's item, and adds another item: I went on vacation, and took ... and .. Each player repeats all of the previous items, and adds another item. When someone makes a mistake, that person is out of the game. The last person remaining without making 2 mistake is the winner. Example: ‘A: went on vacation, and! took my wallet. 8: I went on vacation, and took my wallet and my passport. went on vacation, and I took my wallet, my passport, and some sunscreen. : Iwent on vacation, and | took my wallet, my passport, some sunglasses, and @ camera. Other players: Not sunglasses, sunscreen. You're out. [3 work in pairs or small groups. Follow the instructions and hold a class auction. + First, decide which of the sentences below are correct and which are incorrect. Put a check (¥) or a cross (%) next to each sentence. How certain are you about each sentence? You ha¥e $1,000 to spend. Write an amount next to each sentence (e.g. $100). If you are certain the sentence is correct ‘or incorrect, write a large amount. If you are not very certain, write a smaller amount. You must put some money on every sentence. Remember, you only have $1,000! Your teacher will then say which sentences are correct and which are incorrect. Calculate your score as follows: if you correctly identified a sentence as correct ‘or incorrect, you double the money you put on it. If you incorrectly identified = sentence as correct or incorrect, yu lose the money you put on it. The winner is the pair or group who made the most money. Amount (S) +k in at the airport? n accident? ;ovie, but | have read the book. jin since a long time. w, please?Make guesses to complete the statements with the names of your classmates. Then write questions using the present perfect to ask your classmates about the good and bad experiences. 1 I don't think Cristian has ever been late for an appointment. Have you ever been late for an appointment? \ think —___ has found some money on the street. 3 [think has won the lottery. 4 Ithink has had an accident. | think —____has seen a celebrity, 6 I don't think — and ____ have missed a flight. I don’t think has ever lost his/her wallet. I think — has had a promotion, 9 I don't think 1s ever failed a test. 4 I think ___has fallen asleep on the bus/train and missed their stop. B [co around the class asking your questions. Find out if your guesses about your classmates were correct, and report back to the rest of the class. A: Iwas correct. ris has found same money on the street twice! 8: Well, {was wrong, Ling has never won the lottery r things that are easy, and 1 for things that are dificult. as 2 = fs 2 1 fee 3 2 ee 21 tements, look at the material inA [work in pairs. What do you know about your partner's taste in music? Circle T (true) or F (false) to guess the answers you think they has listened to linciari music. thas been to a hip-hop concer. has heard Adele's latest album downloaded some music ast week 4444 4444 it been to many concerts. ical music when he/she was a child. /Ask your partner questions to see if you guessed correctly. Ask ; follow-up questions to find out more information. 4: Have you seen Mumford and Sons in concert? B: Yes, actually! have. ‘A: Wow! When did you see them? &: It was three years ago. They. Please tell me what to dol My boyfriend, Kyle, gave me 2 really beautiful necklace for my birthday. He gave it to me along with some flowers. It was so romantic! Sut when ‘one of my fiends saw the neckace, she looked really surprised. | asked her why, but she didn’t want to tel ime at frst. Then she told me that Kyle take bee ») Yes, he was. 3 you/ play / music all night? —_ 9 Everyone. 4 5 people / wear / formal clothes? @ Yes, they were, dad / cook meat / on the barbecue? _ = 2 2) No, she wasn't PAST PROGRESSIVE AND SIMPLE PAST Function We use the past progresive to describe the background |The sun was shining andthe achowe plying my scone. Havorite song, ‘Wouse the simple past to describe events and actions, The storm hit the coast and eaused a lat of damage ‘We use the past progressive to describe an action that | We were siting on the beach. wasn progtoss when another shor: action happened. Suddanly it started 0 rin We uso the simple past to describe the short action We use while + past progressive to eee the: Teton | While we were sitting on the beach, it started to rain. in progress. We were sitting on the beach when it started t0 ain. We use when + simple past to Introduce the shor. actionMy parents met__they were studying at college. Were you sleeping | got home? rs in parentheses. Complete the sentences with when or while. Then add the correct punctuation. Mischa was shopping _____she realized she didn’t have her phone. Bruno drove by and offered her a ride, Lana was waiting at the bus stop. we were living in Italy, my brother and | learned Italian Complete the sentences with the past progressive or simple past form of the verbs al _ (do) the dishes this morning when the mail (arrive) 2 We (find) the Guggenheim museum while we (walk) around the city center. 3 When she __ (meet) Jack, Rachel (work) part-time at a school 4 While Melanie — (listen) to music, there (be) a power outage. 5 What ____(do} when you — (fall? COMPARATIVES WITH AS... AS / NOT AS... AS Form Function ‘The movie is as good as the book (The book and the movie are both equally good.) be+ as adjective + as to say that two things are equal in some way Negative | benot + as + adjective + as to say that one thing is more or less than another thing The Eiffel Tower is not as high as Tho Empire State Building, (The Empire State Building is higher than the Eiffel Tower. / The Eiffel Tower is shorter than the: Empire State Building) 4 Correct the mistakes. 4100 em is long as 1 m. 2. This dress is as expensive than that one. 3 Black tea is not as stronger as coffee. 4 Mount Kilimanjaro is not as high Mount Everest. 5 Jemma is good at chess as me. soe 2. Rewrite the sentences using as ... as, or not a ... as. 4. Both New York and Chicago are interesting, 2. Learning French is easier than learning Japanese. 3 Philadelphia is older than Seattle. 4 Both Jack and Amy are funny. — 5 The Empire State Building is taller than the Chrysler Building‘SUPERLATIVES Function We use superlatives to compare the characteristics of more than two things The Nile is the longest river in Egypt. Form We always use the with superlative adjectives; we never use than. Most one-syllable adjectives Add -est. old - the oldest \ ‘One-syllable adjectives ending in Double the final consonant and add | big the biagest consonant-vowel-consonant vest ‘Adjectives ending in -2 Take off the -e and add est late ~ the latest Adjectives ending in consonant + y Change the y toi and add -est happy ~the happiest ‘Adjectives with two or more syllables and Use the most or the least + adjective | boring - the most boring some one-syllable adjectives e.g. fun, real fun = the most fun Irregular adjectives ae good ~ the best bad the worst 1. Write the superlative form of the adjectives. 1 fat 2 young —_ 2 fascinating 4 bad ese ice 3 interesting) 2) 2 Write superlative sentences using the prompts and an adjective from the box. 1 The CEO / person / ina company 2 Chichén Itza and Machu Picchu / archaeological sites / Latin America 2 Real Madrid / soccer club / history 4 The Retum of the Alien / TV series / at the moment 5 Jennifer Lawrence / actress / in the 2013 Academy Awards® REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS Form Subject pronouns | you jhe _ishe iit iwe you they Reflexive pronouns : myself : yourself | himself! herself | itself ourselves! yourselves | themselves Function We use reflexive pronouns: ‘+ when the subject and the object of the sentence are the same. Hooked at myself in the mirror. ‘+ to indicate without help from another person. {can wash the car myself1 Complete the sentences with the correct reflexive pronoun, 1 People hurt doing extreme sports. 4 | chose it 2 He cut ______ shaving, 5 We didn’t prepare the presentation 3 Why can't you do this 2 2 Rewrite the sentences using reflexive pronouns. 1 I bought a gift. The giftis for me. 1 2 He decorated the house without anyone else, es a ee 3. Alan and | made the dinner. Nobody helped, RO eer 4 Isabel made a dress. The dress is for her. Isabel ne 5 Robin is learning to play the guitar. He doesn’t have a teacher. [en eRe a MODALS OF PERMISSION, REQUEST, AND OFFER Form / Function We always use same structure with all modal verbs: subject + modal verb + bas m of the verb Asking for permission Short answers: giving or denying permission SE ero Making a request Short answers: accepting oF refusing a request Can You = cary these bags for me? No, I can't gan offer 1 book a room for you? can we _ help you with anything? 1 1 callatax for you. We reserve you a seat 1. Write the words in the correct order to make sentences. 1 please / to /1/ may / next / window / sit / the / 2 carry/ suitcases / you / could / the /? 3 in/the/ not / cell phone / use / your / may / you / library 4 lend/ me / you / could / pen /a/ please / ? 5 passport / your / see / can/|/? 2 Complete the conversation with could, can, can’t, may or will. a: Excuse me, 1) _____ you take my order, please? Certainly, what would you like? &: @—______I have a cappuccino and a piece of cake, please? Anything else? a: Yes, I'm not happy with this table. 3) you find us a table outside, please? I'm sorry, but guests ____sit outside today. |) _______see if there's a table by the window. Is that OK?PRESENT PERFECT—EVER/NEVER Function ‘We use the present perfect to talk about experiences in the past. The exact time that the experience happened is not known or is not important: We have visited Eqypt. Form We farm the present perfect with have and the past participle. We can also use never and ever between hhave and the past participle. Statements UouAWerThey have ve) ay | sine He/She/it has (s) karaoke. We use never in statements. It means at no time up to now. Thave never learned to scuba dive. Short answers Vyou/wethey | have/haven't, Yes/No hefshevit has/hasn‘t. Yes/No questions Have liyou/we/they re (ever): (graoke? Has | he/she/it We use ever in questions, It means at any time up to now. Have you ever ridden a motorcycle? We can also use before in questions, it means the same as ever, Have you ridden 2 motorcycle before? Information questions Where have you What has he learned? Regular past participles have the same form as the simple past. See page 129 for thelist of irregular past participles, 1 Correct the sentences. 1 [haven't never met anyone famous. 2 My friend has ever tried oysters, 3 Has he ever gone to Ireland? 4 We have never eated lobster. 5 Lindsey and Catherine have never swam in the ocean.2 Write sentences in the present perfect using the prompts and ever or never. 1 You / break / a bone /? 2 They/ make / sushi /? 3 She / not go / tropical country 4 We/not see /a tornado 5 He/write/alove letter /? PRESENT PERFECT—HOW LONG AND FOR/SINCE Function We use how lang with the present perfect to ask about the duration of an activity, or action that began inthe past and continues up to the present. How long have you known Joe? We use the present perfect with forto talk about a length of time. I've known Joe for two years. We use the present perfect with since to talk about a point in time when an action started ve known Joe since 2012. Form How long + present perfect, How long have \you/we/they | lived here? has = he/she/it Present perfect + for/since WyouNWe/They have | lived here = for two weeks / three days / five years / years. ae tas since Monday /last month / yesterday / 2008. 4 Complete the sentences. 1 How have you had your car? 2 How long ___ Denise been a student? 3 How long have you ____on a diet? 4 haven't eaten Chinese food ___a long time, 5 [have failed my driving test three times _____ February. 2 Complete the questions using the prompts in parentheses. Then complete the answers using the words in parentheses and for or since. 4 How long 7 (Sandra and Jon / have / a dog) pt (last week) er on 2 (your sister / study / chemistry] a 5 amonnay sioner ee 2 (he / live / in Portland) ae a ae eo 4 How long 2 (your dad / work / at the factory) _ a (1999) 8 How long ___? you / be / here) = 32 a (45 minutes)06 PRESENT PERFECT AND SIMPLE PAST Function ‘We use the simple past to talk about things that happened at a specific time in the past [went to Mount Rushmore last month We use the present perfect to talk about things that happened at a non-specific time in the past. Ihave (I've) been to Mount Rushmore. Choose the correct option. 1 He has been / went white water rafting last summer. 2 They ‘ve never been / didn’t go to a wedding in a foreign country before, 2 Did you ever see / Have you ever seen a movie in another lenguage? 4 I've lost/ lost my wallet yesterday. 5 Francisca has lived / lived in Bogoté when she was young. 2 Complete the conversation with the words in parentheses in the simple past or present perfect, and ever or never, if necessary. a _______ {you go) the Newport Jazz Festival? Sela (go) last year. ——, (you meet) a famous musician? 8 No, haven't, but |) ee (have lunch) with a well-known actor. & 16 _______ (si next to Antonio Banderas on a flight to Los Angles many years ago. SHOULD AND OUGHT TO FOR ADVICE Function We use should and ought to to ask for and give advice, and make recommendations. You should go to the doctor He ought to exercise more, Should | tell them about this? Form We always use the same structure with modal verbs: subject + modal vert» + base form of the verb. should Information questions Affirmative. You go to bed earlier ‘ought to What should {1 | do? Negative You | shouldn't | go to bed so late. ‘Yes/No questions Short answers Should 1 i getapar-timejob? Yes/No you should/shouldn't 1 Check the correct sentences. Correct the incorrect sentences. 1 He oughts to go to the doctor. 2 People ought use public transportation more often 3. Should | use my credit card for all my shopping? No, you should. 4 You should check the spelling in a dictionary 5 We should to email them about the party.2 Complete the sentences, using the verb in parentheses and the correct form of should or ought to. 1 | can't wake up early in the morning, You — to bed so late. (go) 2 [feel really dizzy when | stand up, You —— a doctor. (see) 3 Helena wants to be an engineer ‘She —____ math and science at school. (study) 4 IFlwant to improve my English, to Australia? (go) Yes, you should. They speak English there. And the weather is realy nice! 5 Should! — about making mistakes in class? (worry) No, __ Making mistakes helps you learn, HAVE TO FOR OBLIGATION AND NEED TO FOR NECESSITY Form We always use the same structure with modal verbs: subject + modal verb + base form of the verb. Function We use need to and have to to talk about an obligation or necessity. I need to finish this essay before 5 p.m. You have to show your passport to immigration officials We use don’t/doesn’t have to or don't/doesn't need to when it's not necessary to do something, or when there is no obligation. You don't have to attend the meeting. I's optional) 1 Choose the correct option. 1 You don’t have to/ have to put your phone on silent in class. 2 Nurses need to/ don’t need to wear a uniform while they are working, 3. Passengers need / need to buy a ticket to travel on the subway. 4 Uhave to/ have go. I'm late for an appointment. 5 You don't have to / haven't to be a citizen of the U.S.A. to apply to an American university 2 Complete the sentences using the verb in parentheses and (don’t) have to or (don't) need to. You ____________ (compete) a registration form on arrival 2 You (leave) room keys at reception when you go out, a NT (ry or ler has, 3 Guests —__________ (go) on the tours. They are optional 2 oe (take) towels to the pool. There are extra towels there. 5 Guests check out) before 1 p.m.COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE ADVERBS Function We use comparative and superlative adverbs to compare actions. [talk more slowly in English then in my own language. Form We form most comparative adverbs with more or Jess + adverb, Anna attends the class more regularly than Sophia ‘We form most superlative adverbs with the most + adverb. Rania writes the most often. Most regular comparative and superlative adverbs end in -ly, but some are irregular. Irregular adverbs Adverb fost often well; bad hard loud Comparative faster more often better worse __ harder louder ‘Superlative’ | the fastest | the mostoften | the best | the worst | thehardest _: the loudest 1 Choose the correct option. I speak English more worse / worse than my brother. The new director schedules meetings more / the most regularly than the old one. David usually tidies up more / the most often than the other students. Mariana draws the best / better of all the new students. He drives the least / less carefully of all my friends. 2 Complete the sentences using adverbs from the box in their comparative or superlative form. + My sister cooks a __ my brother. He can only make eggs and toast. I take out the garbage a as in our house, | never do it. 2 Ising — 4 5 than my sister does. I'm terrible! ae _ we thought. That’s good news! in the family. She gets ready and leaves the house at 6:30 a.m His health improved Zoe gets up —YOUR NOTESYOUR NOTESYOUR NOTESYOUR NOTESYOUR NOTESMacrntan Edveaton 4Crnan Steet Lancon 1 Sx ‘Adhison of Macmilan Puclshers Lined (Companies and epreseriatives thoughout he werd ISN 978-0290.45779-7 ‘Tet. design and ilustaton © Macrian Pushers Limited 2016 iter by Mikey Rogers, Janne Tayor- Knows, Stove Tyre Koomles Ths autos hive ascarid ther ngs to be centile asthe authors of hie workin accordance with fre Copyright, Daal sn Patan Act 168, ‘This exon pubienes 2014 Fat eon pushed 2010 Alright reser no part ofthis pubiaton maybe reproduced stored inaretieval ystam, anata ary for, or by ary mera, sactone, mechanical otoeopying recording, cherie, without ps weed E emission of ie punishes Design by on design ites } states by Petes Gms p30, 89,60, 65; Rohan Exson fusion Lis) $2: Sly Efor ppt 23,09, 43, vik Tony Wika pote, 25 Pal Wiliams, {Syhie Poggio arta) opt, 40,88, 62 } (Gover design sc curs research by Tony Fihardson. Woden Ak te ‘Gover hoteorah courtesy of Gat Images aan nanos Picture estarch by Alon Por Unit conor pte rear oy em design ited The aanore would theo thnk the sects, teachers and sider whose ‘rout has been valuable n preparing ths new can. ey woud sco {thank te etre aegn tame st Macralian or deve sucha grt Job of orang the mater and binge tse, The publisers would ke to hark the folowing edueato's and insitutons| who reviewed malts and proved Us win ivausbl rags oscoack ‘ortho dotopment of tha oben si eon Eze, Unread Tecnolsia de Qerao: Ka Strack, Cero Gutursl Costarncense Norearesioan, Mana lesb Sena de | Matos, ICBEU -Sao Jose dos Campos: Marna Patiela Sanches Coleg, oahu Revolt; Legh Darina LangevennerICBEU San Joss doe amos: caro Pal Gott, Curso ge over Car: Fania Tl, Gont'Cutural Neargiense Natesmorcano: Jen Non, Colegio Carentea } Gost Fie Rosario ona inctuto Gata Domino Amica’, cate i se laPeta, Colao Lncln, Héctor Sanenex, PROULE. Fe Ted, PROULEX tur HernndesIrstula Tecnico de Estuios Spores e Monteray, Campus Guodalaas: Gra dal Rosas, wauto Catura, DDominice American Mara do Socore Gumarie, SEU Rin de Jano loge Metra, Unvericad de Guacljara, cancatra Soman, le in, Cenio Venezolano Amorano: Maria Guscalape Mule. Univers 6 Guadalgar, Liceniatra de oman; Louris Moleda, Te Mien, Frances Grieve, Propa Tes Euperio Gara Magnet ists ora, Universsac Hegomontana: Arcersan Lopes que, IOBEU “980 oat os Campos, Ema Rubenova, Uriversd Autom do Nuovo Lon Lourdes Pérez Vadespino, Unvescaa Del Vala de Maco Maia Sagora Fodiguez, Canto Cultural Slvadoreto Aneto: Wars Scares ‘Sumas, nstivts Cultural Bl Etscoe Unos Baio once; Leonor Feaales,nttutoTecnlégca oe Esidoe Sunseres do Nonerey: Mara \Usraga, UntscEscobode: Cando Prado, CEB Gola sane Keyeor, Insti Tecnolgico de Estuios Suparires ce Monterey, Campus Cul ‘de Meio: Je Khatcbran, Mannan Tase Language Company Frenotco Neto, versigad Metopatina:naisa Sargerran tts Techoligico de Estos Supers de Montes, Garou Cue do Misco; Neo Wieserma, Ist Tecrolgioa de Estos Superiore de Monterey Camus Cucac de Mesa, Vasher Sean, Geto Cull ‘ral Estados Unicos Lourdee Bata, Universidad Itrconieia Cara Lisa Léper. Canto olan Ameresro Mantas) Gaba Religuee, \Geiago Oviedo Schorta Wald Ancrace, C8 Carts Buta rea ‘So Paso: tory Shu, nttlo Tecnlésico de Estudios Seperors de Monterey Campus stao de Meco, Tamara Roja, Eacuela Boa Frankl Marina Ross, Universi de Vata de Mexico, Campus San Fetes Fatano Cala, Unworatade de Sao Pau, curso Palgta Sls Moreno, Universidad da Ve ce México, Cams Taipan, Paci ‘enoga, Untversiad dt Vale de Monies, Cafpus Lomas Vasa Lacan ‘Guar, Seven ldemss; laa Jones, rgioaraese Caos Lage, Analosmericano; Erna Deng, The Anglo uss Cabara Universes Nacional AutGnoma de Maxie: Liane Olea, New York Schoo Cina Moya, Colao Worle: Ea Boar, Colegio Montes de Den, Cormac Een Masse Salo, FMU, Sso Paso: Lusa Canseco Gamo slo ‘Tssnolgio de Estudios Superires de Monts, Carp most Emma Luss Domingusz Inst Tecnologico de Estos Suparores Se Monterey, Campus Obregn,Yelanda Damier dal nati Taeslaseo ‘Ge Estudos Suprres ce Monterey, Carls Goregen, Maria Antonie Sagi, Coto ertnco- Seo Parl Davi Told, Unertied Autonoma de Ba Calfora: Aca Cabrwo, Univeradad! 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Unierscas Aonotna oe “TamaulpasnstivyTeenolbnice Cente Amercano: GEL Wasraones iis Minter de Educacton de Sarat; Unies Tenolgics de Nezanalcoyt Unlverisa da Tepeyc: atta Potceice Naor SIME CELEX;instivto Quebec: Clon LaSalle del Petega Universes PPedanéges Nacoral Unvorstad dea Republica Mexcans, Usersdes Nortemericaa;Fundecn empresa ara el Desa Educative ‘Operedora La Sle; Saven Sa Paso: Unversced de Onert; UNNA: Caneo se Capactaciin Manus Sandoval Val, Universidad Ge E Salat, Escuela de Juisorudancia, Universal Vt de Moco, Campus Pusbl: uma Sto Paulo; Dr Aran Shakey, Mrs He Gar, Me Hala Fousd Egypt Fass Moin Lapanon Mrs Magda Gemead (Loyal Peta Feranova, Gmnéclum, Prana Arstaka 14 Ine Pagar, Unbersca Nacional de Plo Cura: Alaon Greenwacd, Universiy ot Slog, Caro nguistico genoa: Raumjana Yana Wanova The mores Cotane of Sofa Ta Janko, SO Drv Prague Mar Carmen Latvote Escuala Ofc de ideas Hosp, Bacon Acs Layer, Poros Fabra Unieaty Javier Roque Sano Mal Windrl School f gic PaulNeale, Susan Carol Onens ard Bowrey Anna Sharp, Canbecoe ‘Acscey of Enh Aucry Renton, Diba Man's Caleoe Hirer Cotoges of Tecnology UAE: Mar Staley, Erteh Counc, itso: Les Wiener Waga, Wire Study Canbe Fsavels Otel delgtomas de Gein. 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