ABSTRACT

Research project: Cost-benefit ratio of occupational health and management systems of

construction companies in the city of Neiva. For the preparation of the research on the assigned
topic, we present as a general objective to know the cost-benefit relationship of the management
and health systems at work of the construction companies of the city of Neiva, evaluating the
status of implementation and compliance with the SG-SST , based on resolution 0312 of 2019,
identifying the costs generated by factors of occupational accident, occupational disease,
absenteeism and other hidden costs derived from non-compliance with the SG-OSH or failures
thereof.

Based on Decree 1072 of 2015 that regulates the occupational health and safety
management system, we highlight that the implementation of the SG-SST is mandatory and
resolution 0312 of 2019 that defines the minimum standards of the management system of safety
and health at work, where companies, regardless of their nature or size, must implement a
Management System for Safety and Health at Work and as a result of workplace accidents,
lawsuits and closure of works in the construction sector In the city of Neiva Huila, it is suggested to
carry out a study seeking to analyze the cost-benefit ratio of the implementation of the SG SST in
construction companies in Neiva.

         Without a doubt, the main reason to implement the SG-SST in construction companies is to
prevent injuries and illnesses caused by the working conditions to which employees are exposed,
minimizing occupational accidents and illnesses that can be present during labor.

Through which the construction sector has a set of occupational hazards typical of the
activity, which are relevant to work carried out at heights, excavation work, lifting of materials and
the temporary nature of its work centers. , among others. For this reason, it is clear to highlight
that the activities carried out on construction sites are considered high risk and therefore can
trigger work accidents.

In light of these considerations, the national economy and safety at work are objectives of
the government and the construction sector that seeks to improve health and safety in work
areas; Using cost-benefit analysis to guarantee the actions taken to achieve a balance.

On the other hand, Casallas PhD student at the National University of Colombia (2017)
states that occupational accidents and diseases (ATEL) generate economic and social costs for the
worker, companies and society as a whole, his estimation is necessary for Recognizing the impact
of occupational safety and health (OSH) actions for this reason, it is necessary to establish the
relationship between the costs of ATELs and the benefits of investments in OSH from the
perspective of the insurer and the company. One might ask: Is the implementation of this
occupational safety and health system beneficial in the economic sphere? What would those costs
be?

In any case, the intention of the investigation is to know if the implementation of a safety
and health system at work is necessary in construction companies in the city of Neiva, finally with
the analysis of the aspects of the variables: absenteeism from work , reduction of work accidents,
sanctions, compensation, among others; According to the study in this regard, it results in the
significant advantages of investing in Occupational Safety and Health, throughout which the
reduction of occupational risks in the environment of the construction sector is notable. Building
this idea, we inquired about of the main intention: what are the economic benefits of
implementing the SG-SST in construction companies in the city of Neiva?

However, one of the main concerns that a company has is knowing how to control the risks
that threaten the health of its workers, accidents at work and occupational diseases are factors
that intervene in the normal development of activities and negatively affect its productivity and
therefore affecting its permanence in the market.

The administration and management of any organization must assume responsibility and put
into practice the necessary measures that contribute to maintaining and improving the levels of
efficiency in the operations of companies and thus be able to provide their workers with a safe
working environment (ILO. 2011).

In this sense, our research provides valuable information that will allow us to make better
use of existential norms, a better interpretation of legislation. Control of risk factors and
presentation in the workplace, thus contributing to having a group of healthier, more productive,
better quality employees. They certainly have positive effects for both the employer and the
employee. The Ministry of Labor, through the Occupational Hazards Directorate, published the
decree (1443 of 2014 - now sole decree on work 0312 of 2019). Provides for the implementation
of occupational health and safety management systems (SG-SST).

Likewise, as a follow-up to this activity, a study based on a descriptive research design will be
carried out, compiling information from documents from companies that have implemented the
general system of occupational health and safety in the construction sector in the city of Neiva. In
relation to cost and benefit, and a qualitative approach will be developed in which an analysis of
the different costs involved in the implementation of a budget in OSH will be captured.

With these considerations in mind, the methodology established for the present work
focused on a mixed analysis; Qualitative regarding the benefits for determining the current status
of the Occupational Health and Safety Management System in construction companies in the city
of Neiva-Huila and quantitative for determining the costs of the SG-SST in these companies . At the
conclusion of this analysis, we will proceed with the elaboration of an instrument that allows
implementing in the SG-SST, towards all the activities dedicated to construction located in the city
of Neiva, which finally leads us to a mixed approach.

The city of Neiva has 35 construction companies affiliated with CAMACOL HUILA, therefore,
the research is focused on a sample of 5 main construction companies in the city, the primary
source will be used in which it can be investigated through the collection of data from interviews
with those responsible for the occupational health and safety system of each of these companies.

Likewise, as described in the type of population, we will carry out the research work in the 5
main construction companies that are located to the north, west and south of the city of Neiva

In effect, the tool to collect the information of this project will be The Personal Interview, the
interviewer applies the open-ended questionnaire, in order to successfully complete each
interview, preventing the concentration and interest of the participant from declining, in addition
to guiding it in instrument transit. (Hernández Sampieri, 2014)  

Applying a questionnaire consisting of 11 questions, in addition to the data related to the

relevant information. In summary, as a primary source the support will be carried out with the
direct application of an interview to the personnel responsible for the SG-SST, of the construction
companies that collaborate with this investigation and will provide information on: number of
workers affiliated to the ARLs, supply and use of EPPs occupational accidents, and those who
accessed health services due to an illness or occupational accident presented at their workplaces
during the period of construction of works that are being carried out at the time.