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    Jis-Z-3060-1994 UT OF FERIT STEEL PDF

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    phanthanhhung

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    JIS % 3060 : 1994 Method for ultrasonic examination ' for welds of ferritic steel ‘Gane This Japanese Industrial Standard specifies the method’ for =, Gh ecting a discontinuity and for measuring its location and sizes on full (erration welds of ferrite series steel with thickness of 6 um or more, in He case of manual ultrasonic examination (hereafter referred to as~"examina~ Sfoot) wsing pulse echo technique by ultrasonic test instrument (hereafter, ; Biepred to as “instrument™) with A scope display. flovever, this Standard is not applied to.the examination of joint,welds; steel pipeb.uader production process. : nea jtenarks 1. Annexs 1 to 6 are applied for the following cases? \..7 (1) Annex 1 4s applied to the examination. of welds of which the test surface is a plane, circumferential joint weld of which curvature radius of the test sufface is 1000 mm or more and longitudinal joint welds of which. ) DAC start point can arbitrarily adjusted to a position in thé# range from at least 0 mm to 15 mm of path length converted into, “os. transverse wave in steel. 8 ##°(6)! DAC inclination value can be adjusted in the range from 0.048 ‘£9 0.48 dB/mm (transverse wave) at least. (a)° Gain of the instrument has the continuity in DAC range and befo1 and after that range. Also, the amplitude characteristics at the left side from start point are the same as the state when DAC circuit is not u: Bs * performance check of the instrument The instrument is checked on eas of (1) to (3) shown'in 4.1.2.in accordance with 5 (periodical apf JIS 2 2352 at the time of beginning the use and within every 12 Eni it is confirmed that the. specified performance is maintained. her. 7 rest Erequency is within 90% to 110 % of the nominal. frequency. § probe is conformed to the instrument to be used. “ty order to facilitate the measurement of the probe index, the guide scales with 1 mm intervals are caved to the both sides of the angle Both manufacturer's name and manufacturing number (discrimination number) axe also marked on the housing of probe. he nominal transducer size of the angle probe is given in Table 1, as ‘a rule. However, the nominal transducer size of the angle probe to be used for tandem examination is excepted. {ghe:transducer shape,of the normal probe ie circular and its nominal Giidmeter is given im Table 2. able 1. Relation between nomitial frequency and nomial transducer size of angle probe Nominal frequency (MHz)) Nominal transducer ‘size-"(mm) 2 [40% 10,24 x 145 20x 20. » 5 = [10 x 10, 14 x 14 Table 2. Relation between nominal frequency “and nominal transducer ‘size of ‘normal probe : : Nominal frequency (Miz) | Nominal transducer diameter (mm) 2 «20, 28 5 10, 20 12 Required performance characteristics of aigle probe’ The performance characteristics of angle probe are required as follows: : probe) is within the value given in Table 3. However, the minimum distance between probe indexes of the probes to ‘be used for tandem examination is 20 mm or less in the’ condition where the nominal frequency is 5 MHz and nominal-refraction:angle is 45°, and is 27 mm or less in the condition where refraction angle is 70°, and is 25 mm or less in the case-where the nominal frequency is 2 MHz and refraction angle is 45°. —155— —~Z:3060— =2:3060— Table 3.. Approachable limit. 1éngth ‘ : YU Nominal transducer | Nominal refractién'| Approachable limit size (mm) angle (degree) length (mm) 20 x 20 35 25 45 225 60 30 65 30 70 30 Lex 4 35 15 45 15 60 20 65 20 70 20 10 x 10 “35 15 45 as 60 18 : 65 18 A 70 18 i (2) “the'Value’of the nominal refraction angle'is any one of 35°, 65°, 70°. The difference between the nominal ‘refraction angle ‘a refraction angle is in the range of + 2° under normal temperature: (1 to 30°C). However; it is within 0° to #4° in the case of the nonina refraction angle of 35°. 70° is.used in. the case of plate thickness of 20 mm or more to and’§ excluding. 40 mm, and the nominal ‘refraction angle of 45° is used.inip . case of plate thickness of 40 mm or more. The difference between 3 nominal refraction angle and STB. refraction angle of each transaitt: receiving probe and receiving probe is within 2°. ep) méit ‘to be actudlly used ard isthe valué given ii Table 4 or nore.t a Table 4. Al ahd A2 senSitivity of angle probe Nominal refraction] Al sensitivity | A2 sensitivity _. angle (degree) (a3) (aa) E a has 40 _ 40 45 40 40 60. 40-0 20 . 65 40. E 20 2: : e 70 40 . coo 3060— e {Silex wurface resolution is measured by the method specified in 4:8.«' < t eS: (gegolution of angle bean testing) of JIS 2°2352 under -the condition meee the probe is combired ‘to-the instrument to be actually.used and Go4e9 mm'or less ‘inthe case of the noninal frequen¢y.of 2 Miz ‘and is 5 {] [elon or less in the ase of the noainel frequency of 5 Mis. Ean pead zone is measured by the nethod specified in:13.4 (Dead zone) UGp 18 2 2350 under the condition where the probe is combined to the b4sstrument to be actually used and is the value given in Table ‘Sor = The dead zone of probes to be used for tandem examination.is-° "5 excepted. Table 5. Dead zone of angle probe Nominal frequency | Nominal transducer| Dead zone (Miiz) size (am) + (am) 2 10 x 10 25 14 x 14 25 20 x 20 15 5 10 x 10 1 14 x14 15 ejSeviation of beam central axis is measured by the method specified in-- 213.1 (Deviation and squint angle of beam central axis), and the results #6 taken in 1° step, squint angle“‘is not more than 2°. + 5 Required performance characteristics of normal probe the perfor- Lice characteristics of the normal probe is required as follows: ote Ue heights of noisé or unhecéssary echoes are not more than 10% fs ligilihder the condition where the probe is’ combined with the "instrunesit’ €6 HQ). ¥ar surface resolution is measured by the method specified in 4.4 (Far @ , surface resolution) of JIS 2 2352 under the condition where the piobe 4g combined with the instrument to be actually used and is the value i. fiven 4 ‘in'Table 6, . Table 6. ° Far suiface resolution’ of normal probe Nominal frequency (Mliz)| Resolution (mm) 2 9 or less 5 . 6 or. less —Bi- i 2 -3060— (8) Dead zone is defined by the length between the setting -off pointes? the transnitting pulse or surface echo and the cross point of. itsg by..the distance in steel. The value of dead zone is not more. thay in the case of the‘nominal frequency of 5 Mz.and is not more thay mm in the case of 2 Miz. However, it is excepted in the condition where the path length to be used is not less:than 50 mm: c 4.2.4 Performance check of angle probe The probe to be used is checks the itens of 4.2.2 immediately after purchased and in the period specifilis in Table 7, and,it is confirmed that the specified performance has been] maintained. Table 7, Time of performance check of angle probe Items to be checked | Time of performance check Squint angle Start time of work and every within eight working. hours Al sensitivity Immediately after purchased 42 sensitivity and repaired. Approachable limit length Far surface resolution Dead, zone q 4.2.5 Performance check of normal probe The probe to,be used is chéckeg immediately after purchase and once for a month at least, on the items in 4.3.2, It is confixmed that the specified performance has been, main: tained. 4.3 Calibration blocks and reference blocks 4.3.1 Calibration blocks The calibration blocks (STB) to be used in’ Standard.are model Al and A2 series or A3 series calibration blocks whi, are specified in JIS Z 2345. 4.3.2 Reference blocks The reference blocks (RB) are used for se adjustient if necessary. 2) RBS (a) RB-4 is made froma part of the test object or steel. materials. having the acoustic characteristics equal to the test object, the form and size given by Fig. 1 and Table 8. (b) The condition of test surface is equal to that of the test (c) he standard hole is created in parallel with the’ test surface other than that specified in Fig. 1. (2) Other reference blocks (a) RB-AS is specified in Annex 2. 58 2 Fig, 1, RBG where, 1: length of reference block. “Thé length of reference block is decided by the path lengti’ to be used. T : thickness of reference block (refer to Table 8) : diameter of standard holé (refer to Table 8) 1: position of standard hole (refer to Table 8) Table 8. Sizes of RB-4 fe ,| Thickness of the Thickness’ | Position ‘of Digmeter of i | test. object. f of,RB 7 || standard hole 1”) statidard hole |] 25, or less aor s()| 9 1/2 22.| Over 25 to 50 incl.. 38 or,/ * Ts | . a Over 50 to 100,incl. | 75 or? +) Tr /4 i ‘Over 100 to 150 incl: | 125’or ¢ rls Over 150 to 200 incl. | 175 or F rls -,200 to 250 incl. | 225 or + rhs ' rth (®) Tm the case where’ thickness of ‘thé tést object is’ ver 250° tia, the diameter of the standard hole of reference block is increased by 1.6 mm for every increase of 50 mm or its fraction in thickness. —Z-3060— Table 9. Couplant and roughness of test surface Roughness of test | 30 um or | Over 30 ym to| 80 um ord! Nominal urface (Ren) | | less and excl. more(*) frequency (MHz) 80 wn 5 A B B 2 A A B Note (*) Roughness of the test surface is finished to under 80 um or the sensitivity is corrected by the methods specified. Remarks A: Couplant is not spécified especially. B: nentioned above. 4.5. Jig of tandem examination” The jig of tandem probe technique can squire scanning or square scanning. 5. Preparation of the examination pl, Selection of the examination method Unless specially specified, the ‘examination of weld is performed by using single probe angle beam techniques with ultrasonic beam perpendicular to the direction of the weld liane, ‘and of parallel scanning by a slanted probe, the method of longitudinal’ sda of weld surface or the method of straddle scanning is applied to thé place the place’ specially specified as that where the other techniques are nok suitable than single probe angie beam technique for detecting a dis¢éit] or RBr4 is previously designated for adjusting sensitivity of, the exami tiob. fe However, RB~4 is designated in the’ case where the test object bas « 460 2.3060 selection of reference blocks for normal beam technique According to paxinun path Length to be used, any one out of No.3 to No.7 of RB~4 is ted as given in Table 10. Sireple 10, Criterion for selection of reference blocks for adjusting sensitivity of the examination and making curves for dividing echo height Max. path length to be used (mm) | Reference blocks to be applied 4350 0r less : No.3(4) of .RB- ‘Over 50 to 100 incl. No.3(") or 4 of RB-4 Qver,100.to 150 incl. +. No.4 oF 5, of RB-4 MOver-150 to 200 incl. No.5 or 6 of RB4,. 5 Hsjover 200 to 250 incl. No.6 or.7 of RB=4 Over 250 X | No.7 of RBG E, in the case of normal beam technique, the frequency 1s selected in . @rdance with Table 12, as a rule. However, the frequency “lower than :the. Jalue;specified in Table 12 may be used for the examination of the, test abject with remarkable ultrasonic attenuation. © for examination of the test object having, a acdustical anisotropy with,. ¢ thickness of parents material 75 m or-less, 2 Miz is not used. Table 11, Nominal frequency used for angle beam technique Plate thickriess ‘of Nominal frequency parents material ¢ (nm) (mtiz) 75 or less Sor2 Over 75 2 Ee *3060— Table 12. 5.5 Selection of disregard level the disregard level is selected from either one of 1 disregard level or disregard level. of ultrasonic wave atid the like. Nominal frequency used for nérmal beam technique Max. path length | Nominal frequency * to be used (mm) 40 or less over 40 5.7. Finishing of sutface of weld. The weld reinforcement ia adequatél: finished Gn case Where Its form affects the results of the ‘examinatio 5.8 Piniwhing of test” surface 5.9 The examination-of parents materials They are ‘removed if existed. ' (tiiiz.) 5 5 or 2 The parents materials of ‘thé / performed, are previously examined by normal bean technique as required And a discontinuity which may obstruct the examination is recorded if 4 detéctéd. » In this case, the working sensitivity of the examination {i adjusted ‘to dbtain’80'% fs height of the second back wall echo of the’ Ulty sonically sound area. used are 5 MHz and 20.m in the case of plate thickness of 60 mm or lesé’ aré‘2"Miiz dnd 28 mm iu the case of plate thickness of over 60 mm. 5.10 Verification of acoustical anisotropy 208 Sh 5.10.1 Apparatus for measurement of acoustical anisotropy. The appatatiiggay for measuring acoustical anisotropy is specified aa follows: tionvangie by the test object and diffarrnce of refraction ances. OY Scaming directions ere in accordance with 4.2 and 4.3 as appropriat (2) Two angle probes for transmitting and receiving, which are used to angles by scanning directions, are the same model as angle probe to actually used for the examination and difference of STB refraction. angle between these probes is within 2°. (3) ‘The apparatus used for measuring the ratio of transverse wave veldcity, with the precision ‘of not less than three effective figures. _TransVérwgs wave electromagnetic acoustic probe is used for transverse wave normal probe. 462- —Z3060— qhe vibrating direction of transverse wave is marked to the transverse ; wave normal probe. 275) The couplant for transverse wave is used when’ trangverse weve nomal 3) Trobe is used. 450.2 Specimen to be uséd’ Either die 6f the followings is used for wring the acoustical anisotropy. i apest object. > — a é 3, Presumption of acoustical anisotropy,..In the case where the nation is specified to perform using.the. angle probe, of -70° or, 65° in egal refraction angle, and existence, of, acoustical anisotropy, of, the Grento waterials is.uncertain,.the presusptioa of acoustical. anisotropy 1s iiformed for the parents materials of the-part to. which, the angle probe is spractes- : . : y as Sone difference of refraction angle. by, scanning directions, specified in “4510.4 is measured by using the,probe to be used for the examination {and the probe with the same nominal refraction angle as that. It is (2) When the.multiple back wail-echoes are observed witle ,Fotating: the” Sigh. transverse wave normal probe on the test surface. If the back wali es ier echoes by the transverse wave of the, vibration in L direction, (major @izection of rolling) and the transverse wave of thé vibration in C 2G) adirection (direction perpendicular to L direction) separate, between BL "qvto BS, it is presumed that acoustical; anisotropy exists. In the case where acoustical anisotropy exists in the parents materials, mistical anisotropy is verified. in accordance with 5.10.4, 5.10.5 and “$.by using the, angle probeiof 60°. In nosinal refraction angle. FED” the verification, of; acoustical antaosropy way be made, directly by ogitting the presumption procedure mentioned above. BL "10.4 “Measurement of difference of refraction.angles by scanning. directions pose the probe to be used forthe examination and the sane. nodel probe of in nominal refraction angle,: the :positions:f.the probes-are adjusted to HE 2 : » ead The difference between the measurement values of @ atid’ @ is’ taken as he difference of refraction angle by scanning direction. V"\ Geastrement values Gc (m/s)-and Gi (m/s) of ‘transverse ‘wave: if iA so Welbeaties obtained in L and C directions is éalculated down &¢ two deciiial places. “It is taken as the ratio of transverse way velocity. | 3 (b) Case by ultrasonte thickness meter the ratio uf: of the meabilg ose ttatatsehchss geez values i (ma) and { (aa) of thicknesses of test object 7 specinen obtained in L and C directions is calculated down toi Gecimal places. It 4s taken as the ratio of transverse wave velocity. : ae Gaseby the instrument This: case is applied to the conditionyy yherevthe difference of thickaesses of test-object'6r_ spec inet tine bbase'of the display measured in Land C directions can ba obtained at not more than 1. Biyhe alt tthe path length Between transmittiig pulse andthe: first vwall "echo" is’ obtained when’ the vibrating’ directions ‘of “probe set in:Lvand C'directions:', The measured values are takenas Wy and Wee , respectively. The ratio Wc is calculated down t two decimal places. It is taken as the ratio of transverse. wil .. Velocit 5.10.6 Verification of acoustical anisotropy “The acoustical anisotropy Mt verified on the basis of the value measured by either method specified: 5.10.4 or 5.10.5 and it is judged that the test object has acoustical anisotropy in the case where the measurement values conform to the follo GQ) or (2). ey =A64— =24:3060— ‘ihe case where difference of refraction angle by scanning. directidis 48 Jeger 2°, in its neasurement by using an angle probe ‘of 60° in’noninal i eiecaction angle. ee a Maugie beom examination ‘Angle beam examination ‘reMessurement of probe index The probe index is measured by using Al iigrction block or Oe out of model A3 series calibration blocks. The index is measured in unit of 1 mm. Mo Adjustment of time base range The time base range is not smaller Sir ifisath Tength to be used and is the minimum of the tange required. EMajustment is performed in precision of + 1 % by using Al calibration kor one OUt Of model A3 series calibration blocks. However, the path in corresponding to 0.5 skip or-more is added to the’ rangé ‘adjusted by ethod mentioned above and is minimum to the range required, in the case ‘the test object has acoustical anisotropy. Measurement of STB refraction angle and refraction angle by test spleasurementof STB refraction angle STB refraction angle is measured Tm unit of 0.5° byrusing Al calibration block or one out of’ model A3 series calibration blocks. ‘dourenent of refraction angle by test object ‘The refraction atgle the specimen of 5.10.2 is measured by V path method, shown in Fig. 2, SHE the case where thé test object hae acoustical antedtropy ‘and '"! ‘fraction angle of 65° .or-60° is applied. Making curves for dividing echo height (the curves for dividing echo height are prepare by using the probé to “The actually used for the examination, as a rule, and they aré dram in I thé scale’ plate. . ithe scale’ pi 4 SS dividing echo height are’ made by using one out of model A2 series calibration blocks. The'standard hole of RB-4 is uséd in‘the-case {> siwhere the curves for dividing echo height are made by using the ‘Jaeference block of. RB=4. e ss “ACS 2 3060— (3) ¢The probes, are placed at the positions as showin Fig. 3, the. probe position is adjusted’so as to obtain the echo'with. the maximum height @e “maximum echo") and the positions (points) each peak of the maximum echo are plotted in the scale plate and are It ds taken as the curve for dividing (hereafter referred to as connected by straight-lines. echo height (refer to Fig. 4). Pig. 3. The positions of probe for.making the curves. Fig. 4, (a). 5Z10-* 10A70, time base range: 125 mm by STB A2 for dividing echo height 5 - ‘Probe is KR tm L L ty Ww gs fs ‘Examples for drawing curves for dividing echo height 10 2030 4050 a) as that of 0.5 skip point. within 1 skip distance is the same height as that of 1 skip point in” the case of using an angle probe of 45° and of transducer size of 20° 20 ma. =166— However, the echo-height-in the: renge 23060 Spabl-s In the Case of using RB-4, the echo height in. the range of ‘within.’ P41 skip distance is the“same height as-that of ¢ skip point.» ‘However, } Fae echo height in the range of within skip distance is the same height as that of {skip point™in the case of using the reference block | of RB-4 of No. 1. - ; ee |) Not less than three curves for dividing echo height different. by 6 4B 4n height from the curve drawn by one out of the methods mentioned above are prepared. 7 - Determination of region for dividing echo height _ ) petersination of Hine, M Line and'L line snong the curves for Gividing echo heights made by the methods mentioned in, the preceding ilause, a curve being at least the third or higher position from lowest ‘g,. curve is selected to take it as H line. And it is taken as the %.. reference line for adjusting working sensitivity. This Hline, is,of ; 4 over 40 X £5 in the range of path length to be used for evaluating the. discontinuity echo as a rule. ores : The curve for dividing echo height iower than Hi line, by 6 di-is taken as M Line and the curve lower than H line by 12 dB i takei-as L (Refer to Fig. 5). - Sy sine. 3 . Fig. 5. The examples of selection of H line and regional division of echo height jrAn example in which the third (b) An example in which the highest dividing line from the lowest dividing line is taken as.H line is taken as H line in the case im the case wheré. the. tine, base (8) where the time base range is range is 125 mm and, path iéngth 125 nm and path length used used for evaluation is about. 75 “Gp cfor evaluation is 85 mm. m to 115 ma. ; <5(4) Probe used: 5210 x 1OA70 Probe used: 5210 x 10A70 3060— (2) Designation ‘of regional division of echo height . The regions divide) ‘ “cby-H line, M line end L line are designated as given in Table 13.° ’ Table 13. . Designation of regional, division of echo height Range of echo height | Region of echo height ST line oF tess z Over Eline to Wine incl. | | H Over N ling to H line incl, i 2 5 Over B line’ > Ww 6.1,6°Adjustment of working sensitivity The working sensitivity is adjusted in accordance with the following. £ (1) Case of using nodel A2 series calibration blocks In the case of (aia “aominal refraction angle of 60°-or 70°, the gain of ‘the instrument iff “adjusted so that the echo ‘height of the standard héle' of $4 x 4 iia agrees with H line. The quantity of sensitivity correction is addé 4t_as required. ‘The final adjustment condition is taken as working’ sensitivity. In the case of using nominal refraction of 45°, the gain of ti ‘"tnetrument is increased by 6 dB after it is adjusted co that the eéi ‘height of the standard hole of #4 x 4 mm agrees with H line. The "quantity of sensitivity correction is added to it as required. /Thé@ )*final adjustment condition is taken as working seisitivity. 4m accordance with Annexs. (2) Gase of using reference block of RB-4 | Gain of the instrument, adjusted so that the echo height of the standard hole agrees wit line and it is taken as the working senaitivity. } (3) The working sensitivity of each method of parallel scanning of a | slanted, longitudinal scanning of weld surface or straddle scanning determined by ‘the agreement of both parties of manufacturer and,‘ purchaser. : _ 4 6.1.7. Period of adjustment and check of test equipment At the tine‘ beginning-the examination work, probe index, STB refraction angle and refraction-angle by the test object are measured, and the tine base rail and working sensitivity are adjusted. These items are checked in every within 4 h during working period%t confirm that the conditions at that time are maintained. 6.2 Normal beam examination 6.2.1 Adjustment of time base range The time base range is not a than the path length to be used, and is the minimun of the range rn in precision of +1 % fs of the time base axis of the display. iMaking curves for dividing echo heights ; en ae Vjthe curves for dividing echo heights are nade by the probe to be pse Ue zetually for the examination, as a rule, and they ‘are draw in the “scale plate. . es In-the case where the path length is 50 mm or less, or, the nominal, transducer. size of the probe to be used is-10.mm and the path-length is "20 mm or less, the curves for dividing echo heights are unnecessary. “fy tn the case of making the curves for dividing echo heights, the probe 4 Yg placed at the positions’ oft, 32, 2 “as’ shiowa in Fig. 6, and each “position of peak”of the méximum echo is plotted on the scale plate. Sig. 6. Probe positions for’ drawing curves, for dividing echo height st Probe Standard hole RE-4 0G)" Hie points plotted on the scale plate by the procedure (2) are |Bepsonnected with straight Lines as. shown in'Figs. 7 (a) and.(b)y.to take Ee it as a curve for dividing echo height. iz Gee & {(b, Wot lees than three curves for dividing echio heights different by 6 45 (Gi da height from this curve are dram on the scale plate. Examples of drawing curves for dividing echo height: Used probe?. 5220N . ). TB > Probe Probe x I g C ni cl [ ne : G7 \ saz 4.5 Adjustment of working sensitivity The working sensitivity is adjusted in accordance with 6.1.6, 6.2.4 or-6.3.4 of the body- ‘\rese obser (c) Value of sensitivity correction g q 4 : By, | a Test object Zs We WW 23 Path length (ax) —23060— Face and direction of examination and examination techniqie :« Selection of face and technique of examination The face and technique ei pie examination are selected in accordance with Annew 1 Table 2, as @” Tiig) tsi the case of applying single probe angle beam examination technique. ‘ifaces and sides are selected in accordance with Annex 1 Fig. 2. \Ggiever, the test surface should be the face of ferritic steel in the case SUP tie test object being clad steel plate. a Annex 1 Table 2. Faces, sides and technique of the examination Storm joint | Plate thick- | Examination faces and | Examination ness mm | sides techniques 100 or less | Single fdce/both’sides | Single and double traverse Over 100 Both faces/both sides | Single traverse 60 or less | Single face/single side | Single and-double traverse over 60 Both faces/single side | Single’ traverse Annex 1 Fig. 2. Faces and sides of weld Faces '52 Examination technique The examination is performed with not less than Htyo/dlrections of ultrasonic beams as shown in Annex 1 Figs. 3 to 5, in ler to prevent overlooking a discontinuity due to its inclination. Annex 1 Fig. 3. Examination of butt joint weld of plate thickness of 100 mm or less , ‘ Probe de ~4g1— 2,,3060— Annex.1.Fig..4. Examination of butt joint weld of plate thickness of over 100 mm probe Annex 1 Fig. 5. Angle beam examination of 1 form and corner joint weld (a) T form joint weld (b) T form joint weld with cover pi ae coluan flange Probe Probe (ce) Corner joint weld Feobe 6. Estimation method of discontinuity location, In the case where a discontinuity is detected, its location is estimated from the probe to w distance, path length, and STB refraction angle. However, in the case the test object has acoustical anisotropy, the refraction angle by the object obtained by the direction in which a discontinuity is detected, used for. 3 {Gr circunferential joint welds-with which the curvature vadius of test BE eos re fe sal eclaing 100m {Ge calibration and reference blocks to be used Scope of calibration and reference blocks the calibration block and ence block are used in accordance with Annex 2 Fig:-1 in consideration {he adjustment iteus of the instrument and curvature radius of the test RB-A6 may be used for RB~A8. ‘ Annex 2 Fig. 1. Scope of calibration and reference, blocks 50_om 22150 mm ss 250 om. 1000 ‘nm i : u + i | RB~A8(RB-A6) _ r 7 ' 1 STB-Al or A3 series | | (STB-AL or A3_ ' ‘series for 1 1 | preliminary 1 1 eae ‘pase range f adjustment) 1 J i =F 1 eH awing curves for | RB-AB(RE~A6) co 1 : hon 1 I 1 ' 1 1 \ Pajustment of work- "| ' sensitivit i ees f zs 1 i 1 Reference block of RB~A8(RB-A6) The calibration blocks of RB~A8 and -A6 are as follows? “ ae eat ‘The form and dimensions. of RB-A8 and RB-A6 are given.in:Annex 2 Fig. 2, ‘and Annex 2 Fig. 3, respectively. These reference blocks are nade of ‘the material of the test object ora material similar jto the test Jobject in the ultrasonic characteristics. The reference block to be used in the case of examining the test object shaving acoustical anisotropy, is made of the, same materialas the test object. he condition of test surface of RE-AS and RB-A6 is equal to that of ‘the test object. The curvature radius of the reference blocks is the range from’0.9 or more to and including 1.5 times of that of the test,object. The wall thickness of the reference block is the range from > to-1.5 times of the test object. However, in the case where the wall thickness of the reference block becomes less than 19 mm in this condition, it may be made with thickness of 19 mm. A838 —Z°3060— j Annex 2 Fig. 2. © RB-AB Ling where, L ? length of reference block " we As Le :)ength of S skip or more, 40 mm or more W width of reference'block | » 4 Ee “ft thickness of reference block * Annex 2 Figs3¢ where, L : length of reference block L, : length of 1.5 skip or more ai sail Bs 1 FW Atyiidth-of reference block, 60 nm or more c f t-thickness of reference block. ' ~ . iets Perpendicularity of the hole is 0.5° or less. 2 ‘Top ‘angle’ of the-hole is 118°. : 4 Corner of the hole is not chamfered. piston (Binion eas 28060 ‘probe to be used probe to be used H GGntact “face of the probe Gh the case of examining the circumferéntial joint welds with the Gurvature radius of 150mm or less, the curvature fadius of contact face of the probe is conformed to that of the test object. The curva- ture radius of contact face-of the probe i8-the-range from 1.1 or more to and including 2.0 times of that of the test object. tn tle case of exomining the circuaféreitial jolat welds with the curvature radius of over 150 mm, the contact face of the probe is flat. ‘iominal refraction angle of probé’ The refractin’ angle of the probe Sgsed is in accordance with Annex 2 Tabie 1, a8 4 rule. “Amex 2 Table 1, Nomiial réfracti6a angle ‘of probe ised : examining Circuafergitial” joint’ weld) * j-thickness | Nominal refraction angle | Nominal-refraction angle of probe 8 of probe used (degree) | used for examining test object ‘| with acoustical. anisotropy (degree) e ies’ | . 70" 65 or 60(7) Rover 40 to 60 70° or 60 Combined use of 70 and | Combined use of 65 and 45 or 45 or 60 and 45 60 and 45(1) EsNote (1) Nominal refraction angle of 60° is applied in case where the application of nominal refraction angle of 65° is difficult. Adjustment of test equipment a Adjustment of time base range AN Case of using RB-AB(RB~A6) m4 Preliminary adjustment of time base The time base is, in preliminary, a ‘adjusted to the time base range required for the examination by trans— verse wave using normal probe and 9i tm part of Al calibration block or 45.5 un part of model A3 series calibration, block. eas OY feveston of origina posit “rhe Otiginal point “1s révii dance with the following néthods.” However, RB-A6 {6's of examining the test object having acoustical anisotropy. fin “deg ‘in thease (a) Case of using RBM“A8 The apparent path lengths of and W%, are Tead out in the condition where the maximua echoes ‘are ‘obtained ‘in* the positions of G and‘ “gives in Aimex 2°Fig: 42 ‘The/probe 13 placed again the position of G given in’ Aniex 2°Fig? 4; the original point ie revised by the controls of the instrument 40 that the position indicating the maximum echo agrees with the following condition. 18 Position of maximum echo = ez We. A485 Z*3060— + Annex 2 Fig. 4. Adjustment of test equipment by RB~A8 probe (b) Cadel ‘of Using RB-A6 The apparéfit path lengths of W, and-Wh or} and Jf are_read, out in the condition where the maximum echoes afi the instrument so that the position indicating the ‘maximum echo agrees with the following condition. » Position of maximun echo: = Hs Me ox (We Wp) sen » However, in'the case where the path length on the position % P in Annex 2'Fig. 5 is 60 mm or less, the probe is placed the “position of Q, the original point 1s revised by oily controls] the instrument so that the position of the maximum echo agrees” with the value of 2 ( Wi—We)- Annex 2 Fig. 5. Adjustment of test equipment by RB-A6 r Probe eet re n : 4.1.2 Case of using Al or model A3 sefies calibration block “In the 'cdse of using Al or,model A3 series calibration block, the time base range is adjusted in accordance with “6.1.2 Of, the body. case of using RB-A8 In the position of g and h of -Amex-2 Fi; Gistances of g and h between the probe “and edge of RE-A8 dre ‘i uefter each probe position is adjusted so that the maximum echo’ is = ‘obtained. The approachable distance / is calculated from the ‘following “formula and the position of probe index isidecided. + ag—h ’ t 1 The refraction.angle ¢..by the test object is calculated from the ‘following formula using. g and h. : roel ‘case of using RB-A6 In the positions of P aiid R of p and.Q.0f Annex. 2: Fig. 5, the distances of p and 7 or p and ¢ from the probe to edge of RB-A6 ‘are measured after each probe position is adjusted.so. that .the maximun echo is obtained. The approachable distance I 18 cdléulated ssfrom the following formula and the position of probe index is-obtained, ane Se 7 The refraction angle by the test object @ is calculated ty ‘the sottowing formila Using end 1 0F-9 ead ts . ten (ZL) 01 oman (7G) oF Fe ano However, in the case where the path length in the position of P of Annex 2 Fig. 5 is 60 mm or.less, the refraction is calculated by the following formula using q and y actually measured. T i 4.2.2 Case of using RB~4 The probe index and refraction angle by the test ‘object in the case of using RB-4 are measured by 6.1.1 and 6.1.3 of the —~Hroay. .3 Making curves for dividing écho height. 3.1 Case of using RB-A8(RB-A6) The curves for dividing echo height are Alance with 6.1.4 of the body. However, the curves for dividing echo height ‘In the case of examining the test object having acoustical anisotropy, are pfaade by RB-AB. F(0) Case of using RB~AB (a) The positions of peaks of the maximum echoes at + skip, 3 skip and “skip are plotted on the scale plate of the display. A‘curve for dividing echo height is drawn by connecting these three points with straight lines. (b) The horizontal line is drawn in the range of left side from } skip. Jeemnnnen 487 ESS, Neen enema = 223060— (2) Gase of using RB-A6 - -. or-l.0 and 1.5 skips are plotted on the scale plate and these i points are connécted bya straight lines es () The horizontal line is drawn in the range of left side fron 0.5: skip. 4.3.2 Gasé of using RB-4 The curves for dividing echo height in the cay of using RB-4 are in accordance with 6.1:4 of the ‘body. 4.4 Method of obtaining quantity of sensitivity correction 4.4.1 Case of using RE-AB(RB-AG) The sensitivity is not corrected a6 tule, dn the case of using RB-A8 (RB-A6). 4.h.2 Case of ‘using RES (2) *-Case of ‘exatiining test objéct from outer side In the case wheré ths curvature radius of the test object is 250 mm or more, the examinatioj is performed from the outside of the test object, the quantity of tl sensitivity correction is obtained from Annex 2 Fig. 6 and Annex 2°F ip 7 by the nominal frequency, nominal transducer size of the probe to. used and couplant,-in precision of 1 dB.” However, the sensitivity correction is not performed in the case where the quantity of sensi tivity correction is not more than 2 dB. 5 Annex 2 Fig. 6. Quantity of sensitivity correction due to curvature of circumferential joint (ouplant: glycerol water solution of 75°% or more) » 5 al ig Feu 38 0 i — 88 sar 750 foo 2501800 “ Cuivature radius of tei® object (ea) —488— Annex 2 Fig. 7. Quantity of sensitivity correction due to. curvature of circumferential joint . (Coupiant: ofl)” a Ba oo : vi 7 a. 4 vl t0xif 53 2Mv 10x10 mm pe Oo BaD 7 3007501000 1250 1500 He curvature radiue of test object (an) Case of examining test object from inner surface (concave surface) Both the angié"probes to be’ used and the angle probe having the same,model,aze opposited to each,other,as shown in Annex 2 Fig. 8 (a),and the distance between the probes is adjusted to obtain traismission scanning method (arrangement of T-R1).and V path method (arrangement of T-R2). Two peaks of the transmission pulses obtained are plotted and connected by a straight line [Refer to.Annex 2 Fig. 8 (c)). . 7 At the same sensitivity as (a), both angle probes are opposited to,, each, examining direction as shown in Annex 2 Fig..8 (b).and-the distance between the probes is adjusted to obtain the maximum transmission pulse with V path method. The difference in height of the transmission pulses in that path length is read out in unit of 1 dB (round off), and it is taken as the quantity of sensi- tivity correction. However, the sensitivity correction is not required in case where the quantity of sensitivity correction is not more than 2 4B. Annex 2 Fig. 8. Method of sensitivity correction for examination from inner surface (a) (b) (c) Probe Measurenent value of Bf TRL by RES Measurement value of TED by RBS Measurement value of TR by test object. ‘quantity of sensitivity correction “| pulse (an) Path length (am) =fg9= 2 3060— 4,5 Adjustment of working sensitivity 3 4.5.1 Case of using RB-AB(RB-AG) Gain of the instrument is sesesteda acoustical anisotropy is performed by RB~A8, 4.5.2 Case of using RB~4 . The working: sensitivity in the case of usi RB-4 is performed in accordance with 6.2.4 of thé body. 5. Examination face and examination technique The examination face examination technique are in accordance with Annex 2 Table 2, as a rul face is taken as the test surface. Annex 2 Table 2. Faces, sides and technique of the examination @ Plate thickness| Faces and sides ‘| Bxatiination om of examination | technique 100 or less Outer face Single’and doublé both sides tkaverse ‘technique Over 100 Outer and inner ‘| Single traverse’ faces both sided | technique” a * The estimation aero’ of] 6, Estimation method of discontinuity location with '6“of-Annex 1. discontinuity location is performed in accordance =490~ Amnex 3. Examinatiom tiethod for longitudinal joint welds’ ~ sidinal joint welds with a test surface of 50 mm or more to and Pieing 1500 mn in -curvature radius snd yell thickness to outer diameter fjst-nore than.13 2. eoea Tpefinitions .;For the purpose of .this-Standard, the following defini i; are applied excepting terms-defined-in.JIS 2:2300-° ocis css ety cue “giell: thickness center-probe distance -In: the angle beam examination of ithe test object having curvature, the wall thickness center-probe stance is the probe distance to a discontinuity existing.in 3 center of wall thickness (¥; Of Ahfiex 3 Fig. 1). “This distance in thé ‘gle beam examination of longitudinal~joint welds is not half of 0.5 wall thickness center-path:length: In the angle beam examination of fos alle eee test object having curvature, the wall thickness center-path-length is the path length to a discontinuity existing in the center -of -vall » thickness (WW, of Annex 3.Fig..1).. This path length in the angle beam. — examination of longitudinal joint welds is not half of 0.5 skip path Flength (Wi of Antex 3 Fig. 1) ‘to wall thickness. i The ratio of wall thickness (1) to outer diameter (D). Symbols-in angle beam examination of test object ~ with curvature é at dg —23060— 3+ Galibration and reference blocks to be used 3.1 Scope of blocks The calibration and. reference blocks to be used if this ‘amex are specified im annex 3 Fig. 2 according to curvature rediu’ the test object: - In-the cde where: curvature radius of: the test object ie ‘under 250m the reference block of RB-A7"is used as a rule. see tt MTS Gurvature radius. +- 50'mm (+ 150-ma 7 i RBSAT (STB-Al or STB-A3 is used in the preliminary adjustment Measurement of probe index Adjustment of « I | i 1 1 1 t time base range so ~ eect f ; Drawing curves for | RB-A7 ! dividing echo a i height i i | (Contact ‘surface of 'the'prove | Adjustment of work- [4s worked to match ‘to curved | ing sensitivity \test_ surface.) . 3.2 RB-A7 RB-A7 is made in accordance with following tondition. (2) The form and dimensions of RB-A7 are given in Annex 3 Fig. 3 and it is nade from a part of the test-object or a steel material having the ” ultrasonic characteristics equal to’that of the test object. (2) In the case of examining the test object having acoustical anisotropy): the reference block is made from the steel of the same material as they test object. (3) The condition of the test surface of RB-A7 is equal to that of the \ surface of the test object. “92— Annex 3 Fig. 3, | RB-A7 - ° Unit: om —2iveq— | | | | where, Lt length.of the reference block a ain =. ward length of 2 skips or more | OF sMOre 91, length of 1 skip | width-of -reference. | 168 = | 60.mmior,more :.) = Probe to rbe_used Cofttact face of the probe- .The curvature jradius ,of .contact ; Hjobeide in the range from-1.1/ or more;to and incliding 1)5,tines of stb He test. object. However, ;inthe case where curvature radius-is,250 un.or re:and. the reference block of RB-4-is.used, -the contact face ,of the -probe is flat. at 3 “ 1 the i eta sy $u)2 :Nominal refraction-angle of probe;.., The refraction angle ofthe probe @ ve used is according to Annex 3 Table 1 and Annex 3 Table 2,.as a"rule. | k Annex 3 Table. Nominal refraction angle. of, probe usable for examining longitudinal joint welds i i E Usable nominal Usable nominal refraction $b refraction Fw ‘angle for test object angle (degree) having acoustical mS anisotropy (degree) 2.3 or less | 70, 60, 45 _ - 2.3 6r-less'| 65, (60)("), 45 Rover 2.3 to | 60,45 Over 2.3°to | 65, 45 feg-P incl. a 4.0 incl. wer 5.8 to | 45, 35 “over 4,0 to | 45, 35 0 incl. 13.0 incl. . ite (1) The value in the parentheses is applied to the case where the application of nominal refraction angle of 65° is difficult. | 7493 ~Z°3060— 5. Adjustment of test equipment ‘Adjustiént ‘of time base range 5.1.1 ‘Ca8e'of using RB-A7 Sel wm (2) “scale plate. “= | * =i94— Annex 3 Table 2, Nominal refraction angle used for examining Jongitudinal joint welds Nominal refraction angle to be used One kind Select from usable refraéticn gngles 60 or Jess Two kinds(*) Select from usable refraction angles Note (7) In the case where ‘the is 2.3 % or less and two a kinds nominal refraction angle are used, the nondine refraction angles of. not less than 15° in separation’ are selected as a rule. : (Preliminary ‘adjustment of time base The time base is, in preLininaiy, Sadjusted-to the time base range required for the examination by trans verse wave using normal probe and 91 mm part of Al calibration block 45.5 am part of model A3 series calibration blocks, in advance, j:\:34/ Correction “of original point “The probe to be used is sequentially’ | Placed at'the positions of P-and Q of RB-A7 as shown dn Annex-3 Figy We) on the S| indicating the maxinun écho agrees with the value" of (vh~ : Annex 3 Fig. 4. “Ys. Yo We and‘ W, =2'3060— 2° Case of using Al or model A3 series calibration block ©. In thease." gage ot usta time base range by Al or model A3 calibration blocks -the Myustaent is performed in accordance with 6.1.2 of the bodys eu 52° Measurément of refraction angle by test object : Pe : Sy 0.1 Case of using RB-A7 : The path length of 0.5 skip Wi is calculated from the following formula dy using Wp and W, measured in 5.1.1 (2). ag Ws We Next, 7j¢ is calculated. The refraction angle by the test object is obtained froa'the intersec~ tion point of the value of 7, taken on vertical axis and the value + on horizontal axis of Annex 3 Fig. 5. : Annex 3 Fig. 5. Calculation chart of reftaction angle by test object og 7 oa | | ele 04} 93 02 = ee sy 0 15 $H ’ ; 2.2 ‘Refraction angle by test object ‘having acoustical “anisotropy ‘+ 5 The refraction angle inthe case of examining the test object having acoustical anisotropy is obtained by using the. value ¥,:of:0.5:skip celeulatsd by the following-formule fron y; and Ye obtainedifrom-annex 3 Fig. 4 Litas ie Next, -{ is calculated. =g5— —Z,3060— on horizontal’ axis of ‘Annéx 3 Fig. 6. - D 5.2.3 Case of using RB-4 . The measurement of the refraction angle >; test object is performed in accordance with 6.1.3 of the bod; Annex 3 Fig. 6. Relationship between and. + ty fo and center of wall thickness are indicated as: follows: (2) Indication of positions of inner and outer surfaces The path endl corresponding to the positions of outer and inner surfaces are indicated on the scale plate from W, and W. measured by 5.1.1 (2). Inner surface W=We~ We Outer surface w= 1%.x2 (2) As‘dndicated on the scale,plate. Those. present, each, wall thickness center-path length (Wy) and (Wy) by single and, double traverse techniques (Refer to Annex 3 Fig. 8). : =Age— ~Les080- + Te Mall thickness Annex 3,Fig, 8. An-example of indi- pe * “center path-length: cating specific points in time base ‘ axis (pyusing the calibration Hole of g3 x 40 mm of RB-A7, in accordance with Uisi.4 of the body. 2 Case of using RB~4 \-Thé curves for dividing écho heights are made in scordance with 6.1.4 of the body. Method for obtaining quantity ‘of sensitivity correction 35.1 Case of using RB~A7 The sénsitivity is not corrected as a rule, in | case of using BEAT 2 Case of using RB~4 ° : ft) ‘Gase ‘of examining test object from outer surface In the case where « fi the curvature radius 1s °250 ma or nore and the fest object 1s exanined from the outer surface, the quantity of sensitivity correction is obtained from Annex 3 Figs. 9 and 10 with unit of 1 dB (round off) according to nominal frequency, nominal size of transducer of,.the jangle: |) probe to be used and couplant. However, in case where the quantity of sensitivity. correction is 2.d8.or Jess, the, correction of sensitivity », 44s, not ;performed Case of examining ‘test object from inner surface The correction of -sensitivity, in the case where the,test object is examined fromthe <. Gcinner surface 1s performed in accordance with 4.4.2 (2)-of ‘Annex 2. oy. _—_—$—$—$[$[_$$< $$ Z'3060— ‘#04 “Annex’3 Pig. 9. Quantity of sensitivity correctitn due to sis : curvature of longitudinal’ joint acs (Couplant: glycerol water solution of 75 % or more) ag ~ Ey : Bee 5 38 os a0 50000 12501800 Cirvature radius of test object (xm) Annex 3 Pig. 10. “Quantity of sensitivity correction due to curvature of longitudinal joint (Gouplant: of1) . [ : TR = p 4 2 Pa 2MHz 20x20 _j gq 6 25 Site “ 2 Bg + . ag 2| 8 2b 10% S a rd aor on op % + s 250- ° 500 750 1000: +1250 =. 1500 Curvature Talus of ‘test object (am) 546 \Adjustment’ Of ‘Working sensitivity 5.6.1 “Caée'of using RB“A7‘" Gain of ‘the idsttusiént “is “adjusted so “Chit height of the echo frow the calibration hole of RB-A7 is ‘conformed line. This jecuete sor is taken as the working sensitivity. 5.6.2 ‘Cass‘f:iging’RD-S” The Working ° sensitivity tg adjusted aa dance with'6.1.6 of the body. ©" Me 8 6. Face and technique of examination The face of examination and ”*, examination technique are in accordance with Annex 3 Table 3 as a rule case of —23060— Wall thickness center-probesdistance The correction factor of the, probe distance is taken by the same procedure as (1), taking half of JT of the test object on the horizontal axis in Annex 3 Fig. 13, it, is Bayon as m. Wall thickness center-path length by single traverse technique Y; and wall thickness center-path length ‘by double traverse technique ¥,’ are calculated by the following formulas, respectively. Single traverse techatque rye (1x6) xm Double traverse technique ¥,/=¥,— ¥y ox 3 Fig. 13. Correction factor (m) of probe distance according to $° i 3 10 5 t 5 Method for estimation of location of discontinuity 1 Case of examining fron outer surface The probe distance ¥ and the @éepth of a discontinuity d are calculated by the, proportional distribution a the path length W and wall thickness center-probe distance Wor Ii,’ @ilch have been taken. Case where path length Wis less than 'W, = ¥ xe I= Yaxag ty W ape —Zx3060— (2) Case where path length Wiis over, Wy to_W, or less ~ 93 Yat K— Yo) xe . r= =H) tk . ~ de (4) Case where path length.W is over Wy’ to W,or less. ~ WoW Wom We 2a Yy + (Yom By) ar When taking C=I73}- as the correction: factor of the length of circulsn are of the outer surface and the inner. surface, 'g/and y are given by they following formulas in each case. (1) Case where the path length Wis leds than, vac (ro) a: (2) Case where the path length Wis over W, to W, or less ye (Yur KX (3) Case where the path length Wis over W, toWy‘or less pac [ Kay vote] =2°3060— Weorless BT pipe branch, joint welds of-which the curvature, radius, of test, suntac > mim, oF, eerie and excluding, 1500 mm and ratio of wall thickness, Pot the purpose of the Annex, the following definitions”, to Annex 4 Pig. 1) + Theéteed ‘beanch joint of which a main pipe anda braticn, pip. ora ie es ee aoe “the ‘steel beanch joint of, which a main pipe-and two branch = pipes join at an angle other than 90°. y*éroBsing angle & Angle at which a,main.pipe joins. with a branch pipe. Pressing engle mutual penetraton angle & — Angle in the circumferential direction of ; the branch pipe from the; intersecting line ofa surface which -has cbeen | made’ by thé.axis of main pipe and the axis of branch pipe, and tthe surface, o! that, branch Pipe; : deflection angle A, % Angle included by the axial’ directions’ 3 ain -pipe and Pipe gnd branch pipe, and the normal, Line of the.groove 1ine of: Séhe main pipe or .examining direction on the surface of, thé main pipe. or branch ‘pipe. pe ets wsot ‘Annex 4 Figs 1.7, ¥ and eyes weld (4). “g'jodae, (2). jotae crossing angle x wae Main pipe 180° 503+ nl =Z;3060— 3., Calibration block and reference blocks to be.used ; Alor model A3g% series calibration block and EB-¢ specified in 4.3 of the body are use the calibration block and the reference block as a.rule., * 4, Probe to be used 4.1 Gontact surface of probe The contact surface of the probe to be vem is flat independently to the curvature of the test object. 4.2, Nominal refraction angié ‘of probe’ The noiiinal réfraction aiiglé' of Mg probe ie cclacted fron TS" GO" and’ 70° with draving the stereoscopic f (ineluding the form of groove. also) of each examining location, with tal into consideration {= of branch’ pipé, ratio of ‘outer -diaheter “of thebtaee pipe’ and main pipe, ‘crossing angle and mutual penéttation angle so that} main bean of ultrasonic wave ‘can beincident"to the groove’ ae suitable angle. However, the nominal refraction angle of thé’ probe"i8°s9 selected fron 45°, 60° and 65° in the case of the test object having | acoustical anisotropy. 3 having acoustical anisotropy a 4.3.2 case of examining from branch pipe of T joint | After an angie between the direction of pipe axis and‘ rolling ‘direction “(I, ‘direct idm). Ase obtained, the refraction angle by the test object in L direction, Q difecs tion, or C direction 1s measured by the method specified in 6.1.3 of th body; in accordance withthe value of oak (2) Ta the case where fy 19 under 22-5", the refraction angle by the Sod “object of L-direction ia measured. a 4 (2) In the case where @ is 22:5° or more to and excludt refraction angle by the test object“of Q direction'i: 67. 5° or more up to and ineliding’ ‘than® p08 t test object of C direction io measured (3) Im the case where & is refraction angle by the 4.3) Case of examining from " braich pipe of Y and K oi ie * ‘the defied aagle-s, is obtained by.the actual measurement or from Annex"4 ‘Fig. "2 "Sy hey values of ratio of outer diameter of the main pipe to branch ‘pipe, eros#in angle & , mutual penetration angle 4 at the examinating location. On thee other hand, the angle’ 4 ‘between the direction of pipe’axis and rolling “ge direction ie obtained. “The refraction angle by the test object in.t —233060— nc'4°Figs 2, “An example of chart for obtaining 6, fron’trdssing angle of mutual penetration angle Diameter of branch pipe/diameter of main pipe 90; ~ TT] [ezoesing aceie 10" 0 1 i201} | 0 Fl ‘i 5 [4a [sot eo = | x | Z0) 20 Deflection angle 8, (*) S=== | } i 20} 20-40 ~<60-~~80:~. «100 +420. 140 1g0 180 Mutual penetration angle 5 (7)! 5 In the case whére| 64—2, lis 0° or more to and excluding 22.5°, the refraction angle by the test object of L direction is measured. ? tw ithe ‘case where| 4~6-|1s 67.5° or more up to and includi “refraction angle by the test object of C direction is me Pro >-case iof Gxamining from'main pipe _ The deflection anglk toed ‘by*the actual measurement or from Annex 4 Fig. 3 by the alties i yle 6 between the direction of pipe axis and rolling direction is The refraction angle by thé test object in L'direction,=Q: iiteetiony or*C-direction is measured by the method specified. in’ ble or here|-&~6 [is 0° or more :to and excluding 22:5 struction angie _by-the test object of L direction-is measured.. abet od 2)8bIn thescase wehevel 7 @|45°22.5° or. more to.and:excluding :67+5%4: the Hei refraction angle by the test object of Q direction is measured. «= } In the case where] &—6 lis 67.5° or more up to and including 90°, the refraction angle by the test object of ¢ direction is measured. 305 $$$ $< << —233060— Annex:4:Fig. 3. An example of chart for.obtaining @ from 7 angle of ‘mutual penetration angle. Diameter-of branch pipe/diameter of main.pipe =} Befiection angie 6 (*) & { | i | 2040 60 80100120140 760 180 Mutual penetration angle G5°(*) 5. Adjustment of test equipment 5.1s"Adjustment of time:base range The time base-range is.adjusted in: accordance with 6.1.2 of the body. er pearee ete 5.2. Making curves:for-dividing echo height The curves for dividing heights by.RB~G-are made-by the method specified in.6 0% “Method for obtatning quantity of sensitivity correction 513.1" Case of examining from outer gurface (convex suxface) -> The aquantdiygy ty of sensitivity: correction in the case.of examining from ithe branch pipé: joint is obtained from Annex.4 Fig. 4:or Annex 4 Fig. 5.with.unit,of 128m 5.3) obtained ‘from Anhex~4:Fig..6 or Annex.4 Fig. 7 with unit~of <1-dB (round. in accordance.with nominal frequency and transducer size ,of the from. deflection’ angle 4 or 4 and -£ 2 | © vagy 8 _ | Tf fil od 2 q f oe oj} | 7 Le: 7 pede 6 - 7 6 [—] sf} | 5 Ly 4 4 ee 3 3 2p—-—+4 | 2 ' Zao ty ee Uae 20 mee 00 jae 60 apes 30 gen GOlgea 70 meena Deflection angle 8» or 8 (*) UGyicprobe to veld distance and path length The value of 77 obtained by pete ‘procedures Of Cl) and (2) is taken as - in Annex 3 Fig. 12 and ‘shnnex 3 Fig. 13, the correction factors of } and m are obtained, and the path length and probe weld distance at the points of 0.5 skip and 1.0 kip are calculated from the following formulas. L Woa=egXh Who? Was t 5 aigxm = Yis=2X Yas ‘Marking of probe to weld distance The probe weld distance at 0.5 {ipsaad 1.0 skip point obtained in 6.1.3 (3) are marked off on the maia Pétend branch pipe. ‘eFace and direction of examination The examination is performed from eresurface of the branch pipe, as a rule. However, in the case where the titvature radius is not less than 400 mm, the examination is also performed tMnner surface as required. The examination direction is perpendicular he weld line and the swivel scanning is added in the limited range. ~+509— 213060 7, Method for estimating location of discontinuity 9; 22)! suru a (2) (3) “3610- Record the probe to weld distance and path length in whifeh the naxjg echo is obtained. ‘The form of the weld section in the direction of ultrasonic beam iste made up by the shaping gauge or clay and is made as the drawings. The location of a discontinuity is estimated from,the drawings in whew probe to weld distance, path length and STB refraction angle or th refraction angle by. the test object are written in the drawings of section“in ‘the direction of ultrasonic beam or is estimated by the 9 calculation with the same procedure as 7 of Annex,3. However, the @ refraction anglé by the test object obtained in the direction in wi a discontinuity has been detected is used for this estimation in case of the test object having acoustical anisotropy. Annex 5, - Examination method -of.nozzle joiat-wéli pStope’ This Annex specifies the. method of ultrasonid exanination,of, the Biieyjoiat welds of which the curvature-radius of test.surface is 250-tim)as Fre to-and exciuding 1500 mm and ratio of wall thickness to outer ér.is not more than 13 Z. : up peenet Annex 5 Fig. 1, Examples of nozzle aoe welt” ba) 0b) 7 86 1 7 joninal refraction angle of probe.-:The nominal refraction angle of the iegroove ‘face.at a suitable angle.with drawing the stereoscopic figure ‘orm of ‘groove -also) ofeach examining location. However, git Adjustment of time base range The time base range is adjusted in @Scorcance with 6.1.2 of the body. —u- 4.3 Making curves for dividing echo height The curves for dividii heights by RB-4 are made in accordance with 6.1.4 of the body. x 4.4 Method for obtaining quantity of sensitivity correction . 4.4.1 Case of nozzle joint, weld attached to cylindrical .body (1) Gase of examining from outet surface (convex surface) The ‘qu ‘of sensitivity correction is obtained from Annex 3 Fig. 9 or Année Fig. 10 in accordance with the nominal.frequency, nominal size of transducer of the probe to be used, couplant and .outér diameter Of cylindrical body with unit of 1 dB (round off). However, in the Gai where the quantity of sensitivity correction is“not more than 2 G5% sensitivity is not corrected. (2) Case of examining from inner surface (concave surface) The quant ‘Of sensitivity correction is obtained in accordance with 4.4.2 (2 Annex 2. 4.4.2 Case of nozzle joint weld attached to end plate (2) Case of examining from outer surface (convex surface) (a) The angle probé, to be used and an angle probe which has the ‘gia form as that ofthe probe to be used are arranged. with facial other like Trl and‘T-r2 or T-r0 and T-r2 aé-shown in AnnexisgiM 2 (a), the distances between two different probes are adjusted that the maximum transmission pulses are obtained in each CageuM and these two peaks of the maximum echoes are plotted and connected with a.straight.line [refer to Annex 5 Fige-2.

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