Vehicle Body Engineering

BODY

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Passenger Car Bodies
or Body-on-Frame Construction

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 unibody
Construction

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 Unibody Construction

• Most vehicles today are manufactured with a Unitized Body/Frame (Unibody)

construction.

• This is a manufacturing process where sheet metal is bent and formed then spot welded
together to create a box which makes up the structural frame and functional body of the
car.

• This of body construction having less body parts.

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Unibody Construction
• This type of body construction has high rigidity during bending and twisting
scenarios than the Body-on-Frame construction.

• These vehicles have "crumple Zones" to protect the passengers in case of a

collision.

• In an accident, a unibody frame is designed to "crumple" and absorb the energy of

an impact better than a Body-on-Frame construction. However, the unibody frame
was not designed to take more than one accident
Crumple Zone
Benefits
• Torsional rigidity is more
• Reduced the vehicle weight and less no of part presents in the body construction
• Minimized the materials and improve the fuel economy.
• Body crumbles, there by absorbing the shock during collision

Demerits
• Maintenance and repair is difficult (Increasing Cost of body Repair )
• Corrosion causes weakness (Steel on Underside –Corrosion)
• Cost will be high (Suitable for Mass Production)
• Reduction in strength & Durability
• Difficult to eliminate body noise

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Body-on-Frame or Separated body and chassis Construction

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Dr Prabu K SMEC 14
• Coupe
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Dr Prabu K SMEC 17
Dr Prabu K SMEC 18
Dr Prabu K SMEC 19
Dr Prabu K SMEC 20
 Car body construction
Two door Saloon Four door saloon

Daimler Sovereign 4.2 Auto 2 door saloon

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 Hatch Back

Pillarless Saloon
Dr Prabu K SMEC 23
Convertible
Dr Prabu K SMEC 25
Limousine or Luxury Car

Rolls-Royce Ghost
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Estate van or station wagon

2005 Fiat Ducato van

Coupe
• While a coupe means a vehicle with two-doors. Sometimes
pronounced coupé, the word derives from the French word
for “cut.”
• Coupes were vehicles where the rear seats were cut out,.

• is a car with a fixed-roof body style usually with two doors

 Coupe

Lamborghini Aventador S
Dr Prabu K SMEC 31
 Sports car

Porsche Boxster 986

Lexus LFA

Cadillac
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