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Correlation
CHAPTER 10 It is a statistical tool to measure
MEASURES OF the association of two or more
quantitative variables.
CORRELATION
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Quantitative Interpretation of
Three degrees of Correlation
Degree of Linear Relationship
1. Perfect Correlation
+ 1.00 Perfect positive (negative) correlation
2. Some Degree of Correlations
+ 0.91 to + 0.99 Very high positive (negative) correlation
3. No correlation + 0.71 to + 0.90 High positive (negative) correlation
+ 0.51 to + 0.70 Moderately positive (negative) correlation
+ 0.31 to + 0.50 Low positive (negative) correlation
+ 0.01 to + 0.30 Negligible positive (negative) correlation
0.00 No correlation

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Scatterpoint Diagram
Scatterpoint Diagram Degree of Correlation
It is used to illustrate relation
between two variables.
PERFECT POSITIVE SOME DEEGREE OF
NO CORRELATION
CORRELATION POSITIVE CORRELATION

PERFECT NEGATIVE SOME DEEGREE OF

CORRELATION POSITIVE CORRELATION
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Coefficient of Correlation Coefficient of Determination (r²)

It shows the linear relationship between two sets of data. It is a statistical measurement that
examines how differences in one variable
can be explained by the difference in a
second variable, when predicting the
outcome of a given event.
r = degree of relationship between x and y
x = independent variable
y = dependent variable
n = sample size

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T-test in Coefficient in Correlation Hypothesis Testing Procedure

1. Formulate the null and alternative hypothesis
It is used to test whether the correlation
between two variables is significant.
2. Decide the level of significance
3. Choose the appropriate test statistic.
4. Establish critical region
5. Compute the value of the statistical set
6. Decide whether to accept of reject the null hypothesis
df = n-2
7. Draw conclusion

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Testing Significance of R
Example Scatterpoint Diagram
Suppose we want to find out if a relationship exist between the height and
weight of 10 Lorma Colleges students. With 10% level of significance 110
120
Student Height (cm) Weight (kg) 100 100

1 170 72 80 90
2 172 70 80
60
3 158 60
40 70
4 165 73
20 60
5 180 85
0 50
6 195 98 0 50 100 150 200 250 150 160 170 180 190 200
7 183 78
8 175 76
9 182 82
10 190 90
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Solution: Solution:
Step 1: Ho : There is no relationship between heights and Step 5: r = 0.95
weights of the 20 college students r² = 0.90
Ha : There is a relationship between heights and n = 10
weights of the 20 college students
Step 2: a= 0.10 t = 0.95 (sqrt (10-2)/(1-0.90))
Step 3: T-test t = 8.50
Step 4: Critical Value + 1.86
a= 0.10
df = 10 -2 = 8

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Solution:
Step 6: Reject Ho Computed Value of t Critical Value of t
Accept Ha 8.50 + 1.86

Step 7: There is a significant relationship between heights and weights of

the 20 college students THANK YOU!

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