SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC CENTERS

A solar plant is an electric power plant based on the thermal energy resulting from the
absorption of solar energy. Thermal solar plants, depending on how they are built, can achieve
higher returns at lower investment costs than photovoltaic solar panel installations, instead
require higher maintenance costs and are only achievable for installed power exceeding a
certain minimum . They are also economically exploitable only in areas with many sunny days
per year [1].
Several methods have been devised to use the energy contained in solar radiation for the
purpose of producing electricity. The resulting technologies are divided into two large groups
depending on the use of radiation energy - concentrated in a small space, or use without
concentration:

• 1 solar thermal power plants with direct solar radiation concentration (CSP)

• 2 solar collectors with collector fields O

2.1 Solar plants with parabolic troughs O

2.2 Fresnel solar installations

• 3 solar power stations

• 4 power stations with parabolic mirrors

• 5 solar thermal plants without solar radiation concentration O 5.1 Solarium ponds O 5.2 Solar
thermal power stations with ascending wind O 5.3 Solar thermal plants with descending wind • 6
solar photovoltaic solar panels

Solar thermal power plants with direct solar radiation concentration (CSP) These plants use
concave mirrors to concentrate solar rays on the absorbent surface. The mirror or the absorbent
surface will change its orientation according to the position of the sun. Solar panels with
parabolic troughs collect energy with mirrors distributed over large areas that concentrate
radiation on absorbent surfaces located in the focal center of each mirror, while those with a
tower, all mirrors have the same focal point located in the tower. Steam generation systems can
be compatible with the solar ones for mutual compensation and saving in this way conventional
combustible fuels in thermal power plants. In independent solar plants, oscillations due to
atmospheric conditions can be offset by heat storage tanks or using alternative energy carriers
[1]. Solar collectors with collector fields The collector field of the boiler is composed of several
parabolic troughs or parallel Fresnel collectors called linear concentrators. Construction of
paraboloid collector fields is also possible, but opposite to