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Leccion 5
Leccion 5
En esta clase vamos a discutir acerca de la forma possesiva de los sustantivos y a como
usar correctamente los “possessive adjectives”
I) POSSESSIVE NOUNS
In this class we will discuss about how to form the possessive form for nouns and how to use
the possessive adjectives correctly.
To form the possessive for a noun we must add to the noun an apostrophe (‘) and then the
letter “s”.
The boy’s name. (El nombre del chico) —- The boys’ toys. (los juguetes de los chicos)
The girl’s pen. (el lapicero de la chica) —-The girls’ pen. (el lapicero de las chicas)
The man’s car is in the garage. (el carro del hombre esta en el garaje) —– The men’s cars
are in the garage. ( los carros de los hombre estan en el garaje)
* Como ven, en los sustantivos regulares tienen que saber donde poner el “apostrophe” (‘)
para dejar el claro si es possesión de singular y plural –> boy’s (singular) boys’ (plural).
En los irregulares es mas simple por que simplemente se agrega el “apostrophe” mas la letra
“s”.
FIGURA # 1
Examples:
Miguel’s house is very far. (La casa de Miguel esta muy lejos)
Carlos’ girlfriend is at the party. (La novia de Carlos esta en una fiesta)
* Noten que con nombres que acaben con “s” no se le agrega otra “s” sino
simplemente el “apostrophe” (‘).
OBSERVATIONS:
We normally use (‘s) for people.
– I went (fui) to my brother’s house. (NOT the house of my brother)
– This is my mom’s sister.
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Figura # 2
We can use the possessive adjectives BEFORE the nouns to show possession.
—> This is my BOOK. That’s her pencil. (Possessive adjectives need to be followed by a
noun)
* En conclusión podemos utilizar los possessive nouns o los possesseive pronouns pero estos tienen que ser
seguidos por un sustantivo. Los possessive pronouns son usados para especificar. En cambio, los possessive
Figura # 3
There is and There are
In this lesson we will talk about there + the verb to be in the present simple. ( Vamos a hablar
del verbo haber en el presente indicativo)
Structure and Use (there is/are)
There are and there is are forms used to express “existence of”. The structure is:
There + verb to be (is for SINGULAR nouns ; are for PLURAL nouns)
Examples:
– There is a guitar in my room. (A guitar “exists” in my room)
– There are two chairs in my room. (Two chairs “exist” in my room)
The following chart is the forms of “there is/are” in positive (+), negative (-), and questions (?)
Singular Plural
(+) There is a {chair, book, man} There are [some] {chairs, books, men}
(-) There isn’t a {laptop, bathroom} There aren’t [any] {laptops, bathrooms}
NOTES:
This table is only for COUNTABLE NOUNS. In the future we will talk about uncountable
nouns. For this level when you use “there is” use the article “a”. In the plural “there are” you
can use “some” for positive and “any” for negative and questions (some/any) is optional.
Nota: Estas reglas son para los sustantivos contables (aquellos que se pueden contar
o poner en singular y plural). Por ejemplo “chair” es contable porque uno puede decir
“chairs”. Un ejemplo de no contable es “water” o “rice”.
Some more examples:
FIGURA # 1
Completar: Recuerden “There is (a) -> singular, There are -> Plural (se puede usar
some/any)
Observaciones:
Respuestas cortas
Is there a TV in your room?
(+) Yes, there is .(-) No, there isn’t.
Are there (any) books?
(+) Yes, there are. (-) No, there aren’t.
There también es usado para decir “allí”.
Ejemplo : My brother is (over) there. (Mi hermano esta allí) – Over es opcional. En este post
solo estamos estudiando el there + to be pero recuerden que tiene otros significados.