Na pee re eee Nn eee eee iter 7 ee eee — is_@ Community of persong more or less numerous, permanently aceupying o oefi- nite _porbon of territory, jnclepent or rearl so, of externa] contra) and possesing an or- | Aczordling 10 J-W- Garner, \The Slale | | | i , , Y Y y y r janized —govemment to which +he great body of inhabitants fzndler habitual obedience.” O , sil Elements of Slate are» Population people Tercitory , government and sovereignty. O ae _ ae = a. Article 1, Jatt onc Fation a oe The national territory comprises of the | —+__ Philippine archiptlany, wth all the isles | tain winders embraced therein, anol all > _othr_feenttories over whieh the Philippines I _hos_seversignty or juriseliefion, consishnof i tuvial, ard aerial ofr = ae ite terrestrial, fluvial , arial olemaing 7 | _ 3 _O- broinkart.com [polikenl Siena Thx Sheatesamp taeg Ek mont—IGIO/ cea ==|SSOS”SCSCgh Ferctoriol sea, the “seabed | the ine ualar shelves and other submarine ovess. The wa Tne rs_arounel betwen And climentions, form part of the Internal woders of the Prilippines”@ ine Arehipelagd : is_an archipelago that comprises 1,641 | 7 inlande with a tolal lard area of 209,000 square | ' kilometers, grouped in three major islands. t Luron, Visayas and Mirclanao , locadedt jin South- i 3 i east Asio. Artie 1, 1436 Congti bakon Article I= THE VATIONAL TERRITORY Secton!. The Philippines comprises all territory cede to Ye United Code by the Treaty of Pins conoluoted petween tne United Stoes arel Spain on te tenth olay of December, Lightun fun- | ard and ninetyzergnt, the limit of which are st forth in Artioe J of the said treaty, _ —_bejether with oll the itlounds pmbraced ia the __trioky conclude ot Washington | between the United Sates and Spain on the stunt olay of - —— — ae —— © Articte |, 1989 Conshituhon \___ © wikipuotia. com bee :| = —pwmber, nineteen ——~ coveted betoren 4 hain on ie wore Se —~ pra 2 Geconch abs —TFardred ant Thine et ot anvenry niet a ar vary, niceten hundred _anct_thirty, and all tenor ae a —— {u_precint Government ol the Philippine Gee — warcise juris cicton eine lands a Se it Article 2, Treaty of Rang — 10 December ftag “The uniteot Glades will poy the sum of Twenty Nition clottars (¥%0,000,000 G0) within Tire months after the éxcharge ct the revtifcatong of the present treaty.” © 1 * Trody of Was hiraton ' “The treaty was sign on Lovember 7, 9100. which r Sougid fo femeve any grourel OF misunderstand r—9rowing out of the interpretakon of Article I of the 11H Treaty of Part by clarytying spesifies r_ef_ temitories relinquished 10 he Uniteo! Shores by fe 021 gle eee coe neme meme feared occ @ Arteke |, 1a35 Conchtakon © Arhele 3, Treaty foris es Sadp . ptcoqnived forms of acquiring pe: 0.) by_birth inckating hivth (sus soli), andl birth by Keen by naturaliration— “whe_wir alreedy 7 under the 19% Constitution ond wre citizans ot the time. of the passane of the /46% Constitution, © + Children of Bhpgine Latners or Motners Far (a), Sechon |, Art W of J9f7 concktution refers to those who are Philiping cb uny because efiner their fathers “or” mothers are Philigping Ctitem ©” b+» Naturalizaton : Judicial , Administrative Legislative. Commonwealth Act 973 is an Act & provior for the acquisition of Philippine Ch unship by Naturalization, ard to repr) cts numbered Twenty- Nine Hundrecl anol Twunty-Seyen anol Thirty-four Handed andl i fourty~ eight. ee Section 1, Artiole IW, 146} Const) turen 2 —}————_ Comonwralth Act Mo. 943. lauphil-net1 Qualifications Schon oo _____ Seetion’d, Commonusath tel 495 provths ter qualifications Any person must pou, 40 became a citizen of the _ Philippines Q Section 5, Commonwealth Ack 479 provides Declaretion of intention -~ Ong ysar__prior to bhe filing of his petition for admission Lo Phi pine citizenship, Uke agpheand for Philippine. uitizen- Sip shal file with the Burtan of fusing Ceclaration under cath that it is bona fide his__ intention 10 become _a_citieen of the Phil ppines.2 a. ELtects of Naturalration Section 1S, Commonwealth Act $13 provicleo: “Effect of naturalization on wife onal childern. - Any woman who is now or may hereafter be Mariel to a cititan of the Philipines, ano! who might hercelf te lawfully naturalized shall be aeemecl a _etiaen of the Philippins."B SB. 850.2. Commonwealth Act $73 LL @, See. 5. Common wsalta Ack $m bm Oe Contomnsa ith ActvAdministratis Vahialraton Under $.A.934 [aden i 4a —— Fn jurisoliction over petitions for acquisition of Phi [hns_jurisoiction_over petitions_ror acquisition YEN jin _Crtveanchi aolminictrative proceedings 10 | pecordlane with Republle Ack Mo.AB4 « ete ,—_ ee Pee eee }, Gualifeohons , disqualiheations ancl procdure is provided in Section 3, 4% 6 _raspeckly. G Seo We Status of Alien Wefe ancl Minor Cnlelren- “Apter the approval of tre putib”_ for | Ganinistrolive Naturalization Ord Cancellation of applieant’s_alien certificate of reaicration, Oop licant'’s lawfal wife anel_mincr children nay fl ayatitien far cencajiartion of their alien certificates ef regis: dration with tha Committee cubject [0 the poyinent, ef tm Fling fee of Twsrty fheusane! assos (76, o00.") and Raturalizeten xx of Forty tnewsand sates (P 40,000.) payable as 4ellows: 7% 00.06) upen the | Opproval af dh petition ond 20,000.09 upon tabbing of ba oath af allzgianu te tu typublic of tne Philippinas.” ~ 8 Section Th of anis Act _provichs fr the Caine I~ A okin of the_Cetfice Le ef Naturali2ation fr esr provid Urerain. ©” dees Ox Peeuble Ack ho.4i34vAdministratis Vahialraton Under $.A.934 [aden i 4a —— Fn jurisoliction over petitions for acquisition of Phi [hns_jurisoiction_over petitions_ror acquisition YEN jin _Crtveanchi aolminictrative proceedings 10 | pecordlane with Republle Ack Mo.AB4 « ete ,—_ ee Pee eee }, Gualifeohons , disqualiheations ancl procdure is provided in Section 3, 4% 6 _raspeckly. G Seo We Status of Alien Wefe ancl Minor Cnlelren- “Apter the approval of tre putib”_ for | Ganinistrolive Naturalization Ord Cancellation of applieant’s_alien certificate of reaicration, Oop licant'’s lawfal wife anel_mincr children nay fl ayatitien far cencajiartion of their alien certificates ef regis: dration with tha Committee cubject [0 the poyinent, ef tm Fling fee of Twsrty fheusane! assos (76, o00.") and Raturalizeten xx of Forty tnewsand sates (P 40,000.) payable as 4ellows: 7% 00.06) upen the | Opproval af dh petition ond 20,000.09 upon tabbing of ba oath af allzgianu te tu typublic of tne Philippinas.” ~ 8 Section Th of anis Act _provichs fr the Caine I~ A okin of the_Cetfice Le ef Naturali2ation fr esr provid Urerain. ©” dees Ox Peeuble Ack ho.4i34ae tn Legale bue " Neduraliaation i : : aqulebin” Helvrdlaali EE cE nTeo ten te TN Tn Be tos of Tagja tation fot uaeaeneeete [rajelotine hotarabeaton, Te potrwey tof Flipin ei citiaenship i compsncee! by _ pling a bil by or hy member a Lt House of tn Bebeeeeeeee — Reprammtotives or thi Senate ol thy, Prilippins, Wich will _undego threx yeadings ” @ a C. Less of Citizenchip + Art. 4, Section 4, 148% provieus: "Philippinn cc Femship may be lost or reaguureed in Lhe manner yro- vice py faaw’ © Ir Oath of allggianee “Sechon 4 RA. 9925 provicles” Nabe ral born citicens of the Philippina whe after tm Ofechvity of ths Act, become citizens of a foreign country chal) retain their Philippine citizenchip iyan taking the oedn of allant | to th Republic.” | | 2+ Naleralizakon — @- te O RA. M225 @ rt. 4, Keeton, jelatue Naturalization - 1464 olin law com Constitukeonee es “By Pinivialen whan gp Tah ona EAA = a > PD bons" Prosleting for repatriation of no uemen who had lost their Philippine _citizm- ard of poturel born _ ~ 8171" An hed Provietng forthe Rapa riabon of tilipiao Wemun whe Lave Lest Theie Patiopine Citteenchip by Morrian 4 Ateng and of Nedural- bern tilipinos. ” A. Dual Citiemihip ant Dual AMlegianes Article IV Section 5, 1a54. Dual crteenship is not alta! allegiance: as such alual alleaiona ancl nol dul atensip shall bx olalt by law.” We ove ReianTy Soversignty is the supreme and uncontrale |__ able powsr inherent in a State by whioh thal State is Governed. * | ee re ne: d Se ——————“(‘_‘‘L we Te. far — ea icons ai | a 78 Grorner, Political Science and Government ~~ —_—oe Oe aie ___ Arh. jy Sechon 3, 1461 Ceneltylion — provdl the Mate y ot be i Fuse! tnitnou is consent, | is_merely oO recognition of Le Povernian choractr | cies the Plate ond an express oli noden gh tre tanwert the whe insulating 6 from Uh “Juncolichen ef the courts “of juste eee | Basis Justice Halmes, the Dochin of Mate immunity is _bestol not en" any formal conaptien er obsalere theory but on th logical ane! practical Ground trat Were can be po legal rigiit aqainst the authority whith makes the law on which Yu right depends” 26 B. Immunity of Other States and International Organs The cloctrin js also ayoilable te foreign States insofar nay are sought te be suet inthe cow's of dhe local Slates. % 35, -eruz , Political Law 3. Bernas, Constituhonal Law— ——_———l cs ceashitute “gawd againth @ Sine? — occa The pa General law _ previcing for Var clanding Censint of th Stel fo be rund is Act.3613, eteclaring thal “tne ing Islanels “hereby consente onc! _subm — aneyeol_elalm involving liapiliby ering _ fron contract, axpris_ or implize, Which could D. Suit againg Government Agencies “Where suit is _diliol_not agamt Un aovernmmnt fhzlf or its officials but against ons of He gn- tities) it must pe greertalnA wheter pe helt heble | has given its consent to be sued” F | | | Serve Ge bews gp civil @chon latween private parin” * | I i | | | E- Suit agains! Public Officials “The rule is that the a muck he roared [ @& ons against tka stake utere sertis tection af ine _juclgement Qgainst th public official concerned Will pequire the State itself to perform a posi det, such as appropriation of tne amount nece- L__Sarey to dhe clamages aworote lo tne plaintii >8 SI a ele a —————— —_@ Ack 3089 | @_ Cro, Political Low eete eee | (eo | i : ao Suabrlity is the rasul of tee sypens or iam SS consent of the State to be purd phil, Ubi hi ote dat_obiar hand Aetermineol efter Neer ii devs of tu rilavnt lou are thy sce a ee a iy — \"__v. Govern WENT : z is | a. Govsinment in Qunera Dehined Ss by tee term government, taal inhibin or _Ggqrsgat« of institutions Sy wnich an .inoligen- Cunt Society makes anol cayries out {Nose pules of _actiog which ore necessary 10 saable ‘then t0 live jn a octal ¢tote, or which are i¢ngosecl Ypon Ye __fosople performing that Sootlety by these wno poces th pow of autnority of preseriding Ahem.” %6 b. Government of Philippines, olefiascl Par '|., Section % of Administrative Coote % Prilippines — provious © C1) Goverment of tr fepublic te Philippines Freire 40 the Corporate — an, Oru2, Polibion! Law CMC ee er 46. U.S. v- Dorr fee te Ua Por Ssi ¢ “gourament Cantity "Ura wh which tee fenetons Of __— qeucenment are _setreiced Ahrougnout tra Palippinty Tinetuating, Save ox tm contrary capprart from UM contert, tne yarious ovvc _througn which political audiority is mads effectve in the Phil ppinss, whether pertaining to tne avdlonomous ¢erions, tke [__ Provincial, erty, municipal or bara gubouu's ions or _cthw-ferms of [ocal governmurt ” * c- Kids of Government “The Arsh, or gournment oe fact in a _preper bege|_sente, is ad government guts possesion aro! Con trol_of or usurps, by fore er by the voice of the majorty, the rightful begat governments are! maintans Itself gaint tre will of tu later such as be genrn watt ef Efaland unt, Ue Commonusaly first hy Pertiamint and later py Cromwell a Protectr. gr Naa fecond ig thad which is sebablitne! ona Maintolrud by military ferus...” # “Third is that sstablismed os an incdtpeactnt Zoveramunt by th inhabitarh of 4 country “i. Sethon 2, Adminictrative Coce of bre Pritippius aa. Co fim Cham- ¥ Tan KA4 Government —— ee [ Traelitionaity, {he funetions ef Gosrenment have fom — classified inte Cenghtwend | which are mandatory Fr a rnment © yertorm because sy concdivte the very TT Gostrnient por y Contr i! ads of society, such as the maintenana of ppacs arcler, houlotion of property ard property ‘rghts, Oe adminietretion of justice gt: Ord _tinitrant | Cree jntence! be promote tru _welfere, progms anol pros ~ perity of the people, arol which are merely optional for“ Gousrn mend 40 garferm.” & F Doctrite ot Parents Partiae (parents of tr preple) “The Government may act as guardian of Yea cighke of people who maybe alitadvantaged Or sufptring from come clisability er mitforturs.” 4 43) Nachura notes a4) Gevernment of bu Philippine [slanch vy. El mente ats Piselaat-— Sa TY Se eG a —————— o2 meiite Qs STATE pouiens of T4¢ “purLiPpINe a Goveenmgnt F. Vature i ovisione - Ee t Involving —sattemento) Cendlich ES meen) _ st neat i Confira os law". (ee J - Principles . J a |B. Republicanism eee a a Tha Philippines iy) a olemacratic ang! republican i Tae | bo th Incorporabion Clause + Phillppinse ganounees war 85 an inchu- mint of Aational policy, aeteply tee generally accep tuel principles of international law, as part of im Jaw of the land, nd actherss to bu policy of mat, tguality, yustia, frredem, cooperation ard amity wath all nations” ©. Ciuilion Supremacy, “Civilian authority is, atall kim, suprame over te milidary. as) crea w Facten'an | guy See.! , Art.2_, lata Const tion We) Sac-2, Ave? , is day 5ec.2, Arta, (art Censtitanen Pa Coats_ - : ee al eRe 7 gd: Governmant as the Protector of “Lhe Pepe as Defenctiys of dhe Stale prime cluty of tm tvs _Qnol__prdtect + |e Separation of Chuwoh and State - See. 6, fr, Mai? fs The _oloctrin is that, i# Fe not Only tre State that is phohibrteot from jn tirtarring in pure ecclesiastical affeirs, dhe Church jg like wie barred Frem madctiing in purely Seeular pnatters.” 8 TM. State Policies a. Inclepanolint foreign — policy ancl nuclar~ free Philippines “The State. shall parcus an independent foreign policy in its relations with othy states, the | paramount congolrahen chal! be national sovertiqat! suerteriql integrity, national interat anol righb to Self - aeturmination’®' aa See. 92, Ark2, 1687 Conchbution go See. G., Artz, )GP% Contkhaten o. Sec. t-, Aera, [087 Const tabonoe wo “dust and Dyname social Order “The tlate cial order that will sncure the praperity aro) penolence ef the nation ard tyes tm geopu from pover ty through policies that provier adiquats socre! : Services, promote full employment, a risinc, stand of living and dmproved quality ol le per alt” & Promobon of Social duchea “The ftate shal’ promote social justion in all phasss of nationa) olty.lopmert.’ ” a. Pepect tor Human digmty ano Human®ights “The State vals the olignity of avery human person and quarantses full respect for human haps. * * 2: Family anol Youth “The_etote peconplan the _sanchhy of Family life arol hall proved ane! shangthon ne femiy as _a_bevic autonomous social inch taton!st So-s5. S2e-9, 10, and 1 (194 Condi ttion- Oo } we 42 fundamental Equality cf Men ancl W2omen “The State recognizes Ame fle ~_builating and chat pnsure [it fondtamental squatiby tha c = w of women ancl pron.” S a. Promotion of Health and Ecolog fo health of the props ard insti! health conserour r S | “The State shail protect and promote the right j i ness Amons them.” *7 h. Prionty to Folucation, Science Techrology , Et The State shall aive friortty #2 xzetucation, Selene and technology, arts, Culture ane spor to fiw patriotism nol nationalism, accelsyate Social progress, and promote ttl human ldiralion arc! olwetopment.” i Protection 40 labor The State affirms “labor as g primary S0ci@) Rconomic force” ™ Se-sa. Sechon 14, 16, 17K IF.as A Self pehant_and_ Independunl Ty = 4 The State shall promote ©?mprehsnsive anc pure! Auvelop ment_and agrarian reform. *" Incliganous Cultural Communities Thr Sted receanlrss ancl promot tM rights ot incligenous cultural communities within the frame- werk of national unity and clvelopMsat in Indepenolint Peoples Craanizations “The Slats shall on2urege _nor- govern nontal Conmunity- base, of sectoral organiaations trek promote the welfare of Lhe nation.” ns Communication and tntermation in Vartion «building We State recogiiasn the vital role oft Communication ard infermation on -patOn- building’ © lary Conch haben. Ge 4, fee. 11,42,23 R24,oO coe oc. Autonomy af lecat Oevernmants The State etal gasure the autonomy 0, rnc n fecal qouernments « ae Cppur tunities for public service, ome! pronibit folitical dynasties 9S meu be define! by law / °%* 4. tHonwt Public Servics and Full Public disefosure The Slate shall maintain honstly ancl integrity in the public esrvice and take positive ano! atteckys — msasurss against grad? are! conruption.“@ SEPARATION OF POWERS “Mea nine of ths Doctring The Doctrine of Separation 0? Powers entails: Fic, dre livision of powers of the qewrnment into Aheae, which ore lagislative; executive ancl judicial; Second , the olictribution of these powers t0 the — E861 Sec. 95, 26 anol 24, 1489 Cenghtuten. ——then’ branches ef tie Qavernmert. en The doctrine of Separation a] powors js intenol to prevent a concentration of authority in ons Son or qroup of persons that mght lead 10 irre- versible trror or abuie in its sxsret, to tre de- triment of Our rapublican institution. °F Checke ard! Balances What makes the oloctrins of separation of powers especial workable js the corollary system of Checks ave balances, by Means of which One apartment is allowed to esiel envoachments upon _its_praroga- tives or to rectify mistakes or excesses committe, by other: Olepartmants. Tha rele of tw dudioiary Supreme Court radiates to allocate contilulicna! Bourcaries or invalidates the acts of ctorolinated Dody, what ic uphalding is not it own’ ruprenaly of tu Const tation. a hut dhe _ruprema: Gt. Crua,. Political Law