ASSIGNMENT

Submitted to FOR
QUIZ
Piana Monsur Mindia 03
Assistant Professor
SOBE, UIU

Submitted by
Most Afia Mukarrama Mohona
ID: 111183048
Section: A

Organizational Behavior

Date of Submission: 27.05.2020

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Summary on
LEVEL OF JOB SATISFACTION IN AGRIBUSINESS SECTOR
IN BANGLADESH: AN APPLICATION OF HERZ-BERG TWO FACTORS
MOTIVATION THEORY

 Introduction
This article is all about what type of factors affect job satisfaction of the employees of agribusiness
sector in Bangladesh. To know about the article and to investigate them, researchers of this article
collected data by an organized set of questionnaire which was based on the Two Factor Herzberg
Motivation Theory.
From this article we can learn that age, sex, education, designation, family size is influencing job
satisfaction in agribusiness sector. The outcome of the industry, to a huge degree, depends on the
job satisfaction of the employees. Job satisfaction depends on what one expects from the
organization and what one receives from the organization.
From this article we can also measure the level of job satisfaction like, job, good salary, workload,
physical work environment, advancement, job security, interpersonal relation, recognition etc. Job
satisfaction originating from effective motivation was found to be contrarily connected with
employee turnover, and operational costs of an organization. The main objective of this study is to
know the adequacy of Two Factors theory in the all 3 management level in agribusiness sector in
Bangladesh. Also we can evaluate the factors, determine the hygiene factors components
acceptability etc.

 Review of Literature
The relevant literature of this article is to be reviewed to gain better knowledge of the importance
of the factors affecting job satisfaction in agribusiness sector in Bangladesh. There are two reasons
for job satisfaction that become significant task for every manager in this sector. One is, many of
these managers think or feel that they are morally responsible for sustaining job satisfaction in their
company and second one is, they are concerned about the effect that job satisfaction has on
performance.

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 Herzberg’s Two Factor Theory of Motivation and Job Satisfaction

A theory that relates characteristic elements to job satisfaction and associates extrinsic components
with dissatisfaction. Also called motivation-hygiene theory. Herzberg's Two Factor Theory, argues
that there are two factors that an organization can change in accordance with motivation in the
working environment. These elements are:
(I) Motivators: Which can encourage employees to work more diligently.
(II) Hygiene factors: These won't encourage employees to work more diligently yet they will make
them become unmotivated if they are absent.
Job satisfaction alludes to an individual's feeling of satisfaction on the job, which goes about as a
motivation to work. It isn't simply self-satisfaction, bliss or self-happiness but the satisfaction on
the job.

 Research Methodology
This research is done by keeping the main focus in Herzberg two factor (motivation-hygiene)
theories in agribusiness sector. Researcher of this article, firstly formulated the problem and design
the research design to answer the research objectives.
There are in total of 10,000 worker in the chosen company from this sector and from this 10,000
workers, they selected 100 workers through stratifies random sampling method and for study
purpose they were selected from the three level of management.
They asked the respondents to rate items based on a 6 point likert response format. The primary
data have been collected through personal interview and secondary part is from sources like books,
journals, annual report and unpublished research works.
They also used “The Statistical Package for the Social Science” to learn about the statistical result.
For the purpose of finishing the research, they also use different statistical tools like, Means,
Standard Deviation, Variance Factors Analysis, Correlation and Regression Analysis to determine
the result.

 Results and Discussion

We already know about that this article focuses on the factors that affects the job satisfaction of the
employees of agribusiness sector in Bangladesh. So to learn about this much better and clearly,
researchers of this study divided this chapter into four parts.

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1. Demographic Characteristics of Respondent

From the study it is clear that most of the employees in Agricultural sector are aged in between
31-39 years because the job in this sector is so much challenging and goal oriented. We can
also say that 5% of the employees are from top level, 39% employees are from mid level and
56% employees are from entry level of management. Also 19% of the employees are no
graduate (or diploma passed), 28% are just graduate and 53% have post graduate degree in
agribusiness sector.

2. Level of Job Satisfaction of Employees

From the research, the employee’s level of satisfaction is uncertain, because they are not
satisfied in the financial benefit of this sector. According to flexible work hour, physical work
environment and autonomy enjoyed, employees are not neither satisfied nor dissatisfied. But
the employees are somewhat satisfied in regard to participation in management and also
somewhat satisfied when it comes to the relationship with supervisor, colleague, customer and
clients, task significance and social acceptance of the job.

3. Hypothesis Analysis
From the 7 hypothesis we can learn that, in the agribusiness sector:
- Salary is most influential factor for employee job satisfaction.
- Working condition is an important factor for employee job satisfaction.
- High recognition from supervisor is one of the most significant factor for employee
job satisfaction.
- Peer relationship influence neutral level of job satisfaction.
- Participating in Management is also an important factor for employee job
satisfaction.
- Promotion Policy is a great factor for employee job satisfaction.
- Social Acceptance of the job greatly influence in achieving job satisfaction.

4. Discussion
When they were writing this article, they discussed about the factors that needed for employee
job satisfaction in agribusiness sector in Bangladesh and what is actually happening in this
sector. From the discussion they found out some problems like, Lack of appropriate
compensation and pay structure, Target oriented job, Lack of participation in management,

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Biasness in promotion, Remote employment area, Abuse of supervisor,

Illiterate clients, Lack of government support.

 Conclusion
Job satisfaction is like an emotional response, action or thoughts relating to work whereas
motivation plays a key role in driving employees towards achieving their goals, organizational
goals and to a certain extent the dreams of their notions. The outcomes uncovered that that the
employees can be simultaneously intrinsically and extrinsically motivated. Considering that, the
top level should utilize a blend of techniques – including monetary rewards, acclaim and
acknowledgment to effectively motivate workers and promote job satisfaction. So that it is an
inescapable obligations for the organization to highly deliberate on compensation, personal growth,
stress, working condition , work security and so on and that significance on accelerate productivity
of an individual that ensure job satisfaction.

Comparison between
“LEVEL OF JOB SATISFACTION IN AGRIBUSINESS SECTOR
IN BANGLADESH: AN APPLICATION OF HERZ-BERG
TWO FACTORS MOTIVATION THEORY” & what is said in our text book
regarding the topic.

 From this article, the researchers wanted to know the level of employee job satisfaction
from a particular section in Bangladesh which is the Agribusiness Sector. To know the
level, they did a research survey with a structured type of questionnaire based on a
motivation theory called, Herzberg’s Two Factor theory of motivation. This theory is based
on two factor – Motivator and Hygiene Factor. We can say by studying, Motivator is
combined of self-actualization and self-esteem and Hygiene Factors is combined of
Belongingness, Safety and Physiological needs. The researcher did a great work in doing
this research because they applied this motivation theory to the fullest. They didn’t leave
any part of this theory. They also came to a great result which is in the agribusiness sector
of Bangladesh, to achieve great success, organization need their employees job satisfaction.

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Because Job satisfaction is like an attachment to the organization and

also a commitment towards the organization. This job satisfaction will only come when
employees can have their motivator factor and hygiene factor full filed. So it is become a
non-avoidable task for the organizations to utilize a blend of techniques that can meet those
factors of employee’s job satisfaction in the Agribusiness Sector in Bangladesh.

 But when we study our text book we can learn about 9 types of motivation theory including
Herzberg’s Two Factor Motivation Theory. These 9 types of theory are currently being
applied by world’s most of the organization for motivating their employees. In this article,
the researchers only used one type of motivation theory to understand the level of
employee’s job satisfaction. From my point of view, if they worked with 2 or 3 types of
theory instead of one, the results would be even more subtle. Because if I was the
researcher of this article I will use Hierarchy of needs theory, Herzberg’s Two Factor
theory, McClelland’s Theory of Needs and Goal Setting Theory. Because I think by
applying this I can know what type of factor employees actually want to have their job
satisfaction and after having that how they’ll act to achieve the goal of the organization.
However, in our textbook, there is also some lack of information. Like, in our book we can
learn about the definition and classifications of those 9 types of theories but there is no such
information on how a thorough research can be done using those theories.

Organizational Behavior (MGT 2318)