26/08/2020 ☕☕JAVA_COFFEE ☕☕

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Pràtik Kümær ☕☕JAVA_COFFEE ☕☕

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Hi Team,
#Letest #update #real_time
#SPRING #CLOUD #GATEWAY IN #TIMEOUTS AND #RETRIES
----#In this article I’m going to describe two features of Spring Cloud Gateway: retrying based on GatewayFilter
pattern and timeouts based on a global configuration. In some previous articles in this series I have described
rate limiting based on Redis, and a circuit breaker pattern built with Resilience4J. For more details about those
two features.
IMPLEMENTATION AND TESTING
As you probably know most of the operations in Spring Cloud Gateway are realized using filter pattern, which is
an implementation of Spring Framework GatewayFilter. Here, we can modify incoming requests and outgoing
responses before or after sending the downstream request.
The same as for examples described in my two previous articles about Spring Cloud Gateway we will build JUnit
test class. It leverages Testcontainers MockServer for running mock exposing REST endpoints.
Before running the test we need to prepare a sample route containing Retry filter. When defining this type of
GatewayFilter we may set multiple parameters. Typically you will use the following three of them:
retries – the number of retries that should be attempted for a single incoming request. The default value of this
property is 3
statuses – the list of HTTP status codes that should be retried, represented by using
org.springframework.http.HttpStatus enum name.
backoff – the policy used for calculating timeouts between subsequent retry attempts. By default this property is
disabled.
Let’s start from the simplest scenario – using default values of parameters. In that case we just need to set a
name of GatewayFilter for a route – Retry.
@ClassRule
public static MockServerContainer mockServer = new MockServerContainer();
@BeforeClass
public static void init()
{ System.setProperty("spring.cloud.gateway.routes[0].id", "account-service");
System.setProperty("spring.cloud.gateway.routes[0].uri", "http://192.168.99.100:" +
mockServer.getServerPort());
System.setProperty("spring.cloud.gateway.routes[0].predicates[0]", "Path=/account/**");
System.setProperty("spring.cloud.gateway.routes[0].filters[0]", "RewritePath=/account/(?<path>.*), /$\\{path}");
System.setProperty("spring.cloud.gateway.routes[0].filters[1].name", "Retry");
MockServerClient client = new MockServerClient(mockServer.getContainerIpAddress(),
mockServer.getServerPort());
client.when(HttpRequest.request()
.withPath("/1"), Times.exactly(3))
.respond(response()
.withStatusCode(500)
.withBody("{\"errorCode\" "5.01\"}")
.withHeader("Content-Type", "application/json"));
client.when(HttpRequest.request()
.withPath("/1"))
.respond(response()
.withBody("{\"id\":1,\"number\" "1234567891\"}")
.withHeader("Content-Type", "application/json"));
// OTHER RULES
}
Our test method is very simple. It is just using Spring Framework TestRestTemplate to perform a single call to
the test endpoint.

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@Autowired
TestRestTemplate template;
@Test
public void testAccountService() {
LOGGER.info("Sending /1...");
ResponseEntity r = template.exchange("/account/{id}", HttpMethod.GET, null, Account.class, 1);
LOGGER.info("Received: status->{}, payload->{}", r.getStatusCodeValue(), r.getBody());
Assert.assertEquals(200, r.getStatusCodeValue());
}
Before running the test we will change a logging level for Spring Cloud Gateway logs, to see the additional
information about the retrying process.
logging.level.org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.factory: TRACE
Since we didn’t set any backoff policy the subsequent attempts were replied without any delay. As you see on
the picture below, a default number of retries is 3, and the filter is trying to retry all HTTP 5XX codes
(SERVER_ERROR).
Now, let’s provide a little more advanced configuration. We can change the number of retries and set the exact
HTTP status code for retrying instead of the series of codes. In our case a retried status code is HTTP 500,
since it is returned by our mock endpoint. We can also enable backoff retrying policy beginning from 50ms to
max 500ms. The factor is 2 what means that the backoff is calculated by using formula prevBackoff * factor. A
formula is becoming slightly different when you set property basedOnPreviousValue to false – firstBackoff *
(factor ^ n). Here’s the appropriate configuration for our current test.
@ClassRule
public static MockServerContainer mockServer = new MockServerContainer();
@BeforeClass
public static void init()
{ System.setProperty("spring.cloud.gateway.routes[0].id", "account-service");
System.setProperty("spring.cloud.gateway.routes[0].uri", "http://192.168.99.100:" +
mockServer.getServerPort());
System.setProperty("spring.cloud.gateway.routes[0].predicates[0]", "Path=/account/**");
System.setProperty("spring.cloud.gateway.routes[0].filters[0]", "RewritePath=/account/(?<path>.*), /$\\{path}");
System.setProperty("spring.cloud.gateway.routes[0].filters[1].name", "Retry");
System.setProperty("spring.cloud.gateway.routes[0].filters[1].args.retries", "10");
System.setProperty("spring.cloud.gateway.routes[0].filters[1].args.statuses", "INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR");
System.setProperty("spring.cloud.gateway.routes[0].filters[1].args.backoff.firstBackoff", "50ms");
System.setProperty("spring.cloud.gateway.routes[0].filters[1].args.backoff.maxBackoff", "500ms");
System.setProperty("spring.cloud.gateway.routes[0].filters[1].args.backoff.factor", "2");
System.setProperty("spring.cloud.gateway.routes[0].filters[1].args.backoff.basedOnPreviousValue", "true");
MockServerClient client = new MockServerClient(mockServer.getContainerIpAddress(),
mockServer.getServerPort());
client.when(HttpRequest.request()
.withPath("/1"), Times.exactly(3))
.respond(response()
.withStatusCode(500)
.withBody("{\"errorCode\" "5.01\"}")
.withHeader("Content-Type", "application/json"));
client.when(HttpRequest.request()
.withPath("/1"))
.respond(response()
.withBody("{\"id\":1,\"number\" "1234567891\"}")
.withHeader("Content-Type", "application/json"));
// OTHER RULES
}
If you run the same test one more time with a new configuration the logs look a little different. I have highlighted
the most important differences in the picture below. As you see the current number of retries 10 only for HTTP
500 status. After setting a backoff policy the first retry attempt is performed after 50ms, the second after 100ms,
the third after 200ms etc.
We have already analysed the retry mechanism in Spring Cloud Gateway. Timeouts is another important aspect
of request routing. With Spring Cloud Gateway we may easily set a global read and connect timeout.
Alternatively we may also define them for each route separately. Let’s add the following property to our test route
definition. It sets a global timeout on 100ms. Now, our test route contains a test Retry filter with newly adres
global read timeout on 100ms.
System.setProperty("spring.cloud.gateway.httpclient.response-timeout", "100ms");
Alternatively, we may set timeout per single route. If we would prefer such a solution here a line we should add
to our sample test.
System.setProperty("spring.cloud.gateway.routes[1].metadata.response-timeout", "100");
Then we define another test endpoint available under context path /2 with 200ms delay. Our current test method
is pretty similar to the previous one, except that we are expecting HTTP 504 as a result.
@Test
public void testAccountServiceFail() {
LOGGER.info("Sending /2...");
ResponseEntity<Account> r = template.exchange("/account/{id}", HttpMethod.GET, null, Account.class, 2);
LOGGER.info("Received: status->{}, payload->{}", r.getStatusCodeValue(), r.getBody());
Assert.assertEquals(504, r.getStatusCodeValue());
}
Let’s run our test. The result is visible in the picture below. I have also highlighted the most important parts of the
logs. After several failed retry attempts the delay between subsequent attempts has been set to the maximum
backoff time – 500ms. Since the downstream service is delayed 100ms, the visible interval between retry
attempts is around 600ms. Moreover, Retry filter by default handles IOException and TimeoutException, what is
visible in the logs (exceptions parameter).

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