‫‪ً 1‬ظام الحفر )‪:(Drilling Method‬‬

‫‪ 1.1‬هقذهت عاهت عي العىاهل التي تقين عولياث الحفر‪:‬‬

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‫‪ 1.1.1‬التقيين الٌىعي‪:‬‬

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 

:‫ التقيين الكوي‬1.1.2

(Drilling Rate or Rate Of Penetration 

(ROP))
(Drilling Cost) 

1.1.2.1

2
 
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tB
dh
 dVm  0 dt Equation 1


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Vmms=Hs/Ts (m/sec) Equation 2




Vm=H/Td Equation 3

(dt) dh
Hs

Ts
Td

n
TD   t Bi Equation 4
i 1

3
 

hB
o p 
t B  tm Equation 5

H
o p  Equation 6
TD  Tm

tm

Tm

n
Tm   Tm i Equation 7
i 1

N


30 x 24 x H 720 x H
Vtechnical   (m / month)
(Tm  TD  Tc.c ) Tp Equation 8

Tp

4
 

Vc  720 H / (Tp  Tn )
Equation 9
Vc  720 H / Tc
Tn

Tc

1.1.2.2

100 10

5
 

1000 1000


(30-35%)
4

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6
 
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20
80
100
(30-35%)

29 35
12 11 10


10-15%

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7
 
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(Cement Bond Log (CBL))

(Schlumberger)

(200000-300000 US$)

8
 (1-3%)

(150000-200000 sp)

C m  C D  CC C  C p
Cw  Equation 10
H

9
 (Syrian Pound/m) Cw
(sp) Cm
(sp) Cd
(sp) Ccc
(sp) Cp
H

(Cd)
n

C Bi  TD  Tmr  Cr
CD  i 1
Equation 11
H

(sp) CBi
(h) TD
(h) Tmr
Cr

(1000 5000sp)
(sp/h)

C B  t D  t mr  C r
C Equation 12
hB
hB
(C)

K1=Tp/Tc K2=(TB+Tm)/Tp K3=Td/(Td+Tm)

10
 ‫)‪(Tc‬‬ ‫‪K1‬‬
‫)‪(Tp‬‬ ‫‪K2‬‬
‫)‪(Td+Tm‬‬ ‫‪K3‬‬

‫)‪Vo=24 K3 Vm (m/h‬‬
‫)‪Vt=30 K2 Vo (m/h‬‬
‫)‪Vc=K1 Vt (m/h‬‬

‫‪Cr‬‬ ‫‪C‬‬ ‫‪C‬‬

‫‪Cm  a ‬‬ ‫‪a  r ;a  B‬‬ ‫‪Equation 13‬‬
‫‪o‬‬ ‫‪K 3 m‬‬ ‫‪hB‬‬
‫‪Vm‬‬

‫‪ 1.2‬العىاهل التي تإثر على السرعت الويكاًيكيت سلباً أو ئيجاباً‪:‬‬

‫‪Vm‬‬
‫‪Vm‬‬

‫‪ 1.2.1‬الشروط الطبيعيت للظخىر‪:‬‬

‫‪4000m‬‬ ‫‪200m‬‬
‫‪3000m‬‬

‫‪ 1.2.2‬خىاص رؤوش الحفر (الخىاص الفيسيائيت والهٌذسيت لرؤوش الحفر)‪:‬‬

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 ‫‪ 1.2.3‬هجوىعت هي العىاهل التقٌيت التي تتعلق بطريقت الحفر الوتبعت واألجهسة الوستخذهت‬
‫(هجوىعت العول)‪:‬‬

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‫‪ً 1.3‬ظام الحفر‪:‬‬

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 :)‫ تأثير الىزى الوطبق على رأش الحفر (الحول‬1.3.1

(Vm=F(w)) (Vm) 1.3.1.1

(WOB)

WOB
LCollars  Equation 14
qc C b

(Surface Dislocations) 
(OA)

(30 Ton)

13
 m
C3 Q
3
C2
Q
C1 2

Q
1
2

A 1

O Po PB WOB

(Volume Dislocation) 
(BC)
 2  1

14
 (1,000,000 SP)

(Failure Dislocation) 

(AB)

(Failer Dislocation)
(C)
15
 (C)
(Critical Load) (C)

(BC)

  a ( P  Po ) Equation 15


(BC) Po

(4) (3) (2) (1)

16
 (K)

0.6 K

 1 2 3 4

17
 1.3.1.2
(W, tB)




18
 

o   1 1 3 0
D  , , , ...... Equation 16
o 4 2 4 4

(mm) o
(mm) 

(3/4) (1/2) (1/4)

19
 

30 ton

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20
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‫‪ 1.3.2‬تأثير عذد الذوراث على عول رأش الحفر‪:‬‬

‫)‪(n= 40-200 rpm‬‬

‫)‪(n=400-600 rpm‬‬

‫‪1.3.2.1‬‬

‫‪21‬‬
 P=f (w, t) Equation 17

(200rpm)

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  n Equation 18

(0.4-0.8) 

22
 
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 n  20

n  15

n  10

n  5

23
 dD
 a1n  a2 n 3 Equation 19
dt

a2 a1

dD
dt

24
a2x104 A1
1.088 2.5 Sdd
0.870 2 s.medi
0.653 1.5 Medi
Mh-
0.522 1.2
ma
0.392 0.9 Mha
0.283 0.65 H
0.212 0.5 Ha

Medium Hard S

:‫ تأثير غسارة سائل الحفر وسرعت خروجه هي الفاالث‬1.3.3

1.3.3.1

(Q) (Vm)

(Q)
(Vm)
(Q)

25
 (Vjet)

(Vm) (Vjet)

(Vjet)

m %

 jet

26
 (h>6do)

(do)
(h<6do)

(500-700atm) (200atm)

A
xis

Nuzzles

27
 
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1.3.3.2

(Q,Vm)

N hB  PB Q Equation 20

PB
1 
2

B  
jet
Equation 21
 2 2g f


 0.92-0.98

1
 hB   f Q jet
2
 f (Q,V jet
2
) Equation 22
2 g 2

(Vm) (Vjet) (NhB)

(NhB)

(Vm)

28
 1200-1600m
m % 1600-1800m
1800-2000m

2000 2300m
2300-2600m

N hB

29
 (Vm)

NhB=f(Q,Vjet)


(x)

(Vjet)

A
xis

N
uzzles

30
 

h   f Q (V jet1  V jet2 ) Equation 23

F
Q
Vjet1
Vjet2
(Vjet1) (Vjet2=0) (Vjet1) (Vjet2)
Vjet

h   Q V jet Equation 24

(Ih) (Vm)

Q V

(Ih) (Vm)
(Q Vj)

:‫ تأثير خىاص سائل الحفر على السرعت الويكاًيكيت‬1.3.4

1.3.4.1

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31
 P1
P2
P3, P4
(P1)
fH
1  Equation 25
10
(P1)


(P2)
(P2=Pf) (P2=Pf÷P1)
P2,P1 (P2=P1)

(Pf-Pc) (Vm)
(Vm) (Vm)

32
 

(3) (1)
(3) (2)

1.3.4.2

(P1)

33
 (P2)

1.3.4.3
o 

La min ar Turbulent

34
 1.3.4.4

35
 1.3.4.5

SiO3

1%

36
 :‫ اختيار عٌاطر ًظام الحفر وخظائض سائل الحفر‬1.4

(Vm, Q, W, n, Mud properties)

:(Drilling Fluids Properties) ‫ خظائض سائل الحفر‬1.4.1

(Drilling Fluid Specific Weight) 1.4.1.1

(Overbalanced Driliing) 

 .h
f  ( )  0.04 Equation 26
10
(0.04)

(Balanced Drilling) 

37
(Pwell<Pfrom)
(Pw=Pf)
(Pf=Pw)

(Underbalanced Driliing) 

(DF Viscosity) 1.4.1.2

38
 (Vm)

(30-40sec) (1-3cp)

(Filtrate Loss) 1.4.1.3

(30-35cm3/(1/2hour))

(3-5 cm3/(1/2h))

:‫ العٌاطر الهيذروليكيت‬1.4.2




1.4.2.1

39
 (No)
(Nc) 
(NhB) 
N o  N c  N hB Equation 27
(No) (NhB)
N hB  N o  N c
Equation 28
 Po Q  Pc Q

:Po
Q
Pc
c  (1 L   2 ) f Q 2 Equation 29
N hB  o Q  (1 L   2 ) f Q3 Equation 30
(NhB)
q
d hB
 o  3 (1 L   2 )  f Q 2  0 Equation 31
dQ
 o  3 (1 L   2 )  f Q 2  0 Equation 32
Po
QO b t i m u m  Equation 33
3  f

(Qopt)
(Qopt)
(Po)

40
 

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o  3 (1 L   2 )  f Q 2  0 Equation 34
1
o  3Pc  0  Pc  Po Equation 35
3
1
PB  Po  Pc  PB  Po  Po
3
2 Equation 36
PB  Po
3

1 2
B  2 
 2g f

2 g B Equation 37
V jet  .Q
f

Q
Ao3  Equation 38
 jet

1.4.2.2

41
 Fh   Q V j
2 gPB
Vj  Q
 f

2 gPB
Fh   Q  Equation 39
 f

2g
  2 Q2 Q 2 ( Po  Pc )
 f

 2  Q2 Po Q 2  (1 L   2 )  f Q4

(Fh)
q (Fh)
dFh 2 Po  4 ( 1 L   2 ) Q 3 f
A ; A  2 2 
dQ 2 Po Q  ( 1 L   2 ) Q  f
2 4

 2 Po  4 ( 1 L   2 ) Q 3 f  0
Equation 40
 Po  2 ( 1 L   2 ) Q 2  f  0
Po
Qopt  ;   ( 1 L   2 )
2  f
(Ph) (Qopt)

Po  2 PC  0
1 1 Equation 41
PC  Po  PB  Po
2 2
(Vj)

1 2
PB  (  ) Po Equation 42
2 3

42
 (Q, Vj)

f1  f (r,  f ) 

F2  f ( f ,  ) 

Q
a  Equation 43
AAnnulas

(Aa) (Va)

43
 ‫)‪(1 cm3‬‬ ‫)‪(0.04-0.06 l/sec‬‬
‫)‪(0.06‬‬

‫‪ 1.4.3‬العٌاطر الويكاًيكيت‪:‬‬
‫)‪(W, n‬‬

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‫‪44‬‬
 

24 hB
Vo  Equation 44
(t d  t m )

C B  Cr (t B  t min )
Cmin  Equation 45
hB

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45
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46
‫مع حتيات املهندس رشيد اخلويل‬
‫‪E-mail:rsh.kli.2000@gmail.com‬‬

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