STAGE 4 - LANGUAGE TECHNIQUES YOU SHOULD KNOW CHNIQN “DEFINITION ‘EXAMPLE ‘EFFECT/WHY USED aE ve Tanguage that means more than the | Tim as fat as air elephant - tells | - appeals to our imagination nae literal exact) meaning of the words us that the person i feeling hanes te incur LANGUAGE overweight without us actualy | minds as we read + thinking they weigh as much as | - enhances our understanding of the ‘an eephant fealngs ofa cheracte/persona SIMILE ‘A comparison of unite hinge using | The git rept The a mouse ~ enhances the image that a compose san Tike ora sxund the house. create ‘She was as quiet as amouse, | -help us make connections between things =f they aie orignal, they canbe highly wehg ccinteresings PHOR ‘Keamparison of unlike Wings that | The hose was a snake on he | -a cong an powerful comparison = oes further than a simile doas. A | lawn, withing enc twing as | ~creates mre vii images, ‘metaphor states tha one ting 1S shots venomous spizy atthe | -involes the reeder more because we snoter. loging children, have to work out wit qualtes ae being | referred tof the metaphor | - often usec in poet because the use of one word ase metaphor can provide detailed infornation~ metaphors are word efit _| 5 animate (non-living) objedis orideas | The trees saluted @= couple as | - creates move vivid magery FEO CATON | A aati cate they passed. = personificaion can surprise us fits done Fersonifcationis special typeof wel because it forces us to connetideas | metapher. ‘and images in our heads. ‘Repeating words, phrases, werses or | €9 "Alone, one, al alclone | ~edverisers use repetition to promale and Images texts Alone on wide, wide sea’ | persuade = Used to is ie elements ofa speech together __ | + sess the intortance of words, de : l = assist withthe Tein comers — Prairie: Dor Mle wal aF | asiing ae ce questions 8 POT edie ‘expevied, because the answers day for you to sete don?” (The | only cet peopl thinking about the issue | imp. sd expected tel everyone wil | teecher does no’ expecta reply | being addesved, but also to stimulate @ “earee wth ine only one posse sit ould be inpproptiate) | pre-deterninedplanned response. Le answer ~ncteases th level of drama and intrest focuses attention ‘A play of words thet ace eit identical | Tworr ase baker because? | - used in newspaper hesdines and \ in Sound o sinilarin sound, need the dough, advertisements t alract attention + used to create humour + they make us look twice at 2 place of wang =inrestng nial ga PERSONA “The Veice’ or rereonality that 2 u were asked to wits about | - used as pari uf the creative process: ‘composer may adopt when creating = y in the life of a tan cent te YoU woul aioptne ‘The pasontte urs pretends tobe, | nsadaret he co PERSON ‘1 person =|, me, mine Tam going to the movas. You need to be hare, t pm ‘3 person = he, she, & they, them They forgot to Bring ther pags (@¢ereoncossentnardor = heal Koning scong tle! soy ‘The narre — SOUND | = VICES: ~ Repettion of a consonant sound in Peter Piper picked 2 peck of -WOFEs with cle ect: ALLITERATION pe tel ca — repetition of hard ts and ds give be a ough ee, | ‘wet, slippery or sloppy. | image she ster ms and ne | warmth 2nd intmacy + often used in advertising and radioJingles and sogane; used \SSONANCE Repetiion of@ vowel (a¢j,0.u) soundin_| The sound ofthe hound in te SR ‘words wth ose connecton ound ypset me. - used to enianoe imager in poety eg the long 0 sevind can be mourn or sad; - usedinedvertsing and news media because it makes a text memorable end SNOMATOPOEIA | busing he sound of@ word b echo is | Woof meow, honk, cook aan % ook meow, honk, cock’ | - enomatopoeic meaning; word sounds tie he | dood, baz, ela whoosh, | voy precec nina desormeness sound itmakes + meaning and image are enhanced we make ie words to describe something fo: which there is no REPETITION Repealing words, phrases, verse: eg, “Aon oneal a alan “herbs ie 7 , TERE, VaR Aine, lane al alone | ~advarbsersu co prom nag in ads. ‘Aone on a wide, wide sea" eee eed ~ used to fie the elements of speech | together | + shes the imp2tance of words, ideas sto + asist wih the myth of poem EG. The sickly sicetaroma of | -to make e proe of wring more the toffee filed theToom, interesting Fo (iactoy imagery) “toe the au i Senso eound = audio mags wtatnnargcneed eo ‘Senge of taste gush» ima ry | Sense °smel = offacto: 6 «ty touch =tacleime sy (MAGERY SOME EXTRA sUAMS [OU SHOULD BE FAMILAR WITH: fou need to be able to identify te PURPOSE of xt. Soine common examples of purpose Include: to inform. to persuar enntetain‘amuse; to crscise; to desoribe; p coin fe promote; fo warn ‘ 2. Youneedl:o be able . identify the TONE of a ext». tne attitude ofthe composer othe subjest™"Sem > examples after > includ. umotous; exaggerated. sa:r~ ‘c; critical: positive: negative; re‘lecti'S;.caut_. 8era; concer LA SPMPATETE, Teta, oy essing, Iatgw rey p= 5; petal So £. You need to know the dfference between objective (iav’.g no bles, of Song o; no ) end gubjactiw? having SW view - biased) languays. Eg. Newspaper articles strive .o present information objer valy “SS 4. You need to understand the terms denotation (actual dicfonary defn on of e wor). ang connoialfOn (he temhigs «ad ~ atmosphere that suround a word - these types of words are also called emativa Mts or¢.joured words, becat = hej Ces.» you to feel emotions) ~ y 5. You must be able to Wentiy the audience ofa text (who was the text written fo” How do you know) x LEVELS OF LANGUAGE — You ffust be able to dentiy the level of language that used In a text ‘= FORMAL language is serous in purpose 270s usualy directed tan eudience assumed tobe educated. It tends use of varied, but always correct grammar, syntax and pronunciation. ‘+ INFORMAL LANGUAGE = every-day language = callogualtngueae = familar, conversational, informal language ~ the words of relaxed, trisndly speech. - lonulal language often features the use of contractions and may Lreak strict grammatical corectuess. = -ldioms ~ =phrase common to people wino speak the sarc languay; tis on figuretive, meaning anetia: (eg. He's a pein; What's up? His n of oint = Slang = even more informal then colloquial usualy nc 2s wily understocd 2s iogulal fanguage, and may not be recorded in e diclonary. t's hein’ languagsfor @ few yeers, then is fom usage (eg. ‘coor’, ‘sick’, ‘dig’, groovy’) - id = Clichés— a tito, dull, stereotyped expression or phrase, that through over-lSehhasigs: what r ning and vitality i ‘once had, Cliches are associated with mental lziness. Avoid using them in your WHtINGtiny As good 25 gold storm in a teacup. A = _tanhnical language developed and used by people who participate in specialted language (eg ‘Ny aths jargon inelitdes: Py:hagoras’ thecrem, aigeuea* .cludes: CD Rom; megabyte; hard drive etc) 0 —— — . itis important that you understand 0.23 techniques. If there are any techniques you do not understand, please seck assistance. g one ff ag but