Government of Nepal

Ministry of Land management, porverty allevation and coopration

Land Management Training Centre
Dhulikhel, Kavre

FIELD REPORT

WOMEN BEING ENTREPRENUER FROM HOME

Submitted to: Submitted By:

Senior Instructor Mr. Sailesh Kc
Bibek Kafle
Subject: Entrepreneurship & community skills
Roll No. : 09
Diploma in Geomatics Engineering Program
Diploma in Geomatics Engineering
LMTC
2017
 ABSTRACT
Researcher:Bibek kafle

Presentation Title:Womens being entrepreneur from home

Research Focus:Detremining the womens condition in economic and entrepreneurship

as well as their contribution in national level and local level.

Presentation Type: Field visit report

Study area: Bagmati province, Kavre district, Dhulikhel municipality, ranachhap village
ward no. 7

This field visit to Ranachhap village is to study about the women conditions and role in
community development and their participation in financial & economic activities as well
as their participation in community decision.

If women were empowered they would be able to participate in the planning and
decision making task and contribute to the development programmes and activities
individually. This study focuses on women empowerment through decision making
authority at household level. The male headed household in Nepal is the norm, and it is
not accepted culturally to be female headed household. The concept of the head of the
husband is not defined in anywhere. In some cases where the wife is the breadwinner
but the husband is the decision maker. The prime objective of this study is to examine
the women empowerment through decision making power at house hold level. It has
been assumed that there is a positive relationship between women empowerment and
decision making at household level. Both quantitative and qualitative data have been
used to obtain reliable data. Data were derived from a questionnaire survey of sample .
In addition to this, group discussions were conducted involving women while in-depth
interviews were carried out . The data have been collected regarding the decision
making power on income, saving, expenditure and children education and marriage
decisions etc., The study recognizes that there is a strong relationship between
decision making authority and women empowerment. However women are not allowed
to take the decisions at household level due to the cultural norms and other personal
issues.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my deepest appreciation to all those who provided me the
possibility to complete this report.  A special gratitude I give to our Senior instructor
Mr.Sailesh Kc, whose contribution in stimulating suggestions and encouragement,
helped me to coordinate my project especially in writing this report.

Furthermore I would also like to acknowledge with much appreciation the crucial role of
the Land management Training centre, who gave the permission to use all required
equipment and the necessary materiasl to complete the  task .  A special thanks goes to
program coordinator, Tanka Prasad dahal, who  help me to assemble the parts and
gave suggestion about the task..  Last but not least, many thanks go to the head of the
Land management training centre, Mr. ganesh Prasad Bhatta who invested his full effort
in guiding the team in achieving the goal. I have to appreciate the guidance given by
other supervisor as well as the panels especially in our project presentation that has
improved our presentation skills thanks to their comment and advices.
 BACKGROUND
Land management training centre is the Governmental organization that comes
under the ministry of land management, proverty allevation and cooperation of Nepal
government.This training centre had been conducting different programs that helps in
the development of land management and land administration. Like BE in Geomatics,
Diploma in geomatics, Senior Survey training, Junior Survey training, open junior survey
training etc

Diploma in geomatics engineering in Land management training centre is the program

conducted with the mutual cooperation of Land managemant training centre, kathmandu
university, and CTEVT. We are now studying as a third year first semester students in
LMTC. In this semester we had to be well trained about the community skills and
entrepreneurship. For this, there is subject named community skills and
entrepreneurship. For the proper training we must visit specific place and research had
to be conducted. So this report is prepared in the background of all above conditions.

Entrepreneurship is the process of designing, launching and running a new business,

which is often initially a small business. The people who create these businesses are
called entrepreneurs.

Community skills development looks at how you can help and empower local people
to understand how their skills and knowledge can be enhanced and shared to improve
the wellbeing of others in their communities.
Contents
1. Introduction........................................................................................................7
2. Womens in entrepreneurship.............................................................................8
3. Womens in entrepreneurship in Nepal..............................................................9
3.1. Phase I........................................................................................................9
3.2. Phase II.....................................................................................................10
3.3. Phase III....................................................................................................10
3.4. Present.....................................................................................................11
4. Types of Involvement........................................................................................11
4.1. Affluent entrepreneurs.................................................................................12
4.2. Pull Factors...................................................................................................12
4.3. Push..............................................................................................................12
4.4. Self employed entrepreneurs.......................................................................12
4.5 Rural entrepreneurs......................................................................................13
5. Approaches.......................................................................................................13
5.1. Econimic approach..................................................................................13
5.2. Religious Approach..................................................................................13
5.3. Pshycological Approach...........................................................................13
6. Function of women entrepreneur....................................................................14
6.1. Creating New Venture:............................................................................14
6.2. Risk Bearing:............................................................................................14
6.3. Innovation:...............................................................................................14
6.4. Management:..........................................................................................15
7. Objectives of research.......................................................................................15
8. Study Area.........................................................................................................15
9. Findings.............................................................................................................16
 9.1. Ranachhap Study.....................................................................................17
10. Advantages.....................................................................................................19
11. Problems........................................................................................................20
1. Problem of Finance:.........................................................................................20
2. Scarcity of Raw Material:.................................................................................20
3. Stiff Competition:.............................................................................................20
4. Stiff Competition:........................................................................................21
5. Family Ties:.................................................................................................21
6. Lack of Education:............................................................................................21
7. Male-Dominated Society:................................................................................21
8. Low Risk-Bearing Ability:.................................................................................22
12. Solutions.........................................................................................................22
12.1. Funding....................................................................................................22
12.2. Cultural Barriers.......................................................................................22
12.3. Role Models.............................................................................................22
12.4. Networking..............................................................................................23
13. Conclusion......................................................................................................23
14. Annexes..........................................................................................................24
 1. Introduction
Entrepreneurship is the process of designing, launching and running a new
business, which is often initially a small business. The people who create these
businesses are called entrepreneurs.

Talking about an entrepreneur, means talking about a person with great,

innovating ideas that identifies the need for the creation of a business to fill a
void. Entrepreneurs can be people of all ages. Their characteristics are creativity,
imagination and a thirst for work.

Women are under-represented in the economics profession worldwide. This has

a wide social implications, as economists work in banks and government, and
have a direct role in policy making. Studies have shown that decisions made and
executed by diverse teams delivered 60% better results. But in the context of
Nepal very less percent of women are involved in economical activities.

According to the 2017 World Economic Forum’s Global Gender Gap Report,
“Female talent remains one of the most underutilized business resources.” In
some industries, like finance, this is especially clear.

In finance, as career level rises, female representation declines. Although 46

percent of financial services employees are women, at the executive level, it’s
only 15 percent.

We interviewed seven members of Forbes Finance Council who, as female finance

executives, are breaking those barriers. They offered an inside look into their
experiences and advice for others who want to make it to the top. Here are their
insights — the five things you need to know about women in finance.

Nepal is among the least developed countries in the world, with about one-
quarter of its population living below the poverty line. Nepal is heavily dependent
on remittances, which amount to as much as 30% of GDP. Agriculture is the
mainstay of the economy, providing a livelihood for almost two-thirds of the
population but accounting for less than a third of GDP. Industrial activity mainly
involves the processing of agricultural products, including pulses, jute, sugarcane,
tobacco, and grain. Nepal has considerable scope for exploiting its potential in
hydropower, with an estimated 42,000 MW of commercially feasible capacity.
Nepal has signed trade and investment agreements with India, China, and other
countries, but political uncertainty and a difficult business climate have hampered
foreign investment.

2. Womens in entrepreneurship
Women entrepreneurship is the process in which women initiate a business,
gather all resources, undertake risks, face challenges, provides employment to
others and manages the business independently. Approximately 1/3rd of the
entrepreneurs in the world are women entrepreneurs.

Female entrepreneurs are women who organize and manage an enterprise,

especially a business. Female entrepreneurship has steadily increased in the
United States during the 20th and 21st century, jumping from ownership of 26%
of American businesses in 1997 to almost 36% in 2012.

A recent international study found that women from low to middle income
countries (such as Russiaand the Philippines) are more likely to enter early stage
entrepreneurship when compared to those of higher income countries (such as
Belgium, Sweden, and Australia). A significant factor that may play a role in this
disparity can be attributed to the fact that women from low-income countries
often seek an additional means of income to support themselves and their
families. Overall, 40 to 50 percent of all small businesses are owned by women in
developing countries.Alternatively, this may also be because in western business
practices, it is not seen as beneficial to exhibit perceived feminine traits. While
eastern businesses tend to follow methods based around mutual respect and
understanding, western business' expectations are for business leaders to be
more ruthless, headstrong, and less sensitive or respectful.
Even though female entrepreneurship and the formation of female-owned
business networks is steadily rising, there are a number of challenges and
obstacles that female entrepreneurs face. One major challenge for female
entrepreneurs face traditional gender-roles that are structurally internalized by
society. Entrepreneurship is still considered as a male-dominated field, and it may
be difficult to surpass these conventional views. Other than dealing with the
dominant stereotype, female entrepreneurs are facing several obstacles related
to their businesses.

3. Womens in entrepreneurship in Nepal

3.1. Phase I
Nepal being a predominantly agricultural society, the senior female member
played a commanding role within the family by controlling resources, making
crucial planting and harvesting decisions, and determining the expenses and
budget allocations. Yet women's lives remained centered on their traditional roles
—taking care of most household chores, fetching water and animal fodder, and
doing farm work. Their standing in society was mostly contingent on their
husbands' and parents' social and economic positions. They had limited access to
markets, productive services, education, health care, and local government.
Malnutrition and poverty hit women hardest. Women usually worked harder and
longer than men. By contrast, women from high-class families had maids to take
care of most household chores and other menial work and thus worked far less
than men or women in lower socioeconomic groups. Economic prosperity aside,
decision making was left to the men in the family.

The economic contribution of women was substantial, but largely unnoticed

because their traditional role was taken for granted. When employed, their wages
normally were 25 percent less than those paid to men. In most rural areas, their
employment outside the household generally was limited to planting, weeding,
and harvesting. In urban areas, those migrating from rural areas or with a lower
economic status were employed in domestic and traditional jobs, as well as in the
government sector, mostly in low-level positions.
 3.2. Phase II
One tangible measure of women's status was their educational attainment.
Although the constitution offers women equal educational opportunities, many
social, economic, and cultural factors contributed to lower enrollment and higher
dropout rates for girls. Illiteracy imposed the greatest hindrance to enhancing
equal opportunity and status for women. They were caught in a vicious circle
imposed by the patriarchical society. Their lower status hindered their education,
and the lack of education, in turn, constricted their status and position. Although
the female literacy rate has improved noticeably over the years, the level in the
early 1990s fell far short of the male level.

The level of educational attainment among female children of wealthy and

educated families was much higher than that among female children of poor
families. This class disparity in educational attainment was also true for boys. In
Nepal, as in many societies, education was heavily class-biased.

In the early 1990s, a direct correlation existed between the level of education and
status. Educated women had access to relatively high-status positions in the
government and private service sectors, and they had a much higher status than
uneducated women. This general rule was more applicable at the societal level
than at the household level. Within the family, an educated woman did not
necessarily hold a higher status than her uneducated counterpart. Also within the
family, a woman's status, especially a daughter-in-law's status, was more closely
tied to her husband's authority and to her parental family's wealth and status
than anything else.

3.3. Phase III

Women across the country have started several business ventures at their own
initiatives. It is time to taking bigger steps towards providing flexible workplaces
for women to get in the entrepreneurship. "We know that where women are
venturing now had been a male bastion. But that should not deter them. Women
are equal partners in business,” says Yonjan. All section of the society should
encourage their effort of entering into the entrepreneurship because people’s
dream of peace and prosperity is directly related to the economic growth.
Women’s involvement in entrepreneurship should be encouraged because it will
not only create more opportunities but also ensure inclusive growth. It will be
imperative in achieving highest sustainable economic growth and employment
and in raising living standard.

3.4. Present
Women’s access to education, economic, and political resources is severely
limited. The Global Gender Gap report 2013, compiled by the World Economic
Forum, ranks Nepal 121 amongst 136 countries. The issues faced by Nepalese
women, and their social and economic situations, vary greatly depending on
geographical region, caste, class, religion, ethnicity and where they live.

There is a huge number of economically active women in Nepal who have no

access to economic resources. Three quarters of the unpaid family labour force is
comprised of women. A larger proportion of women (76 per cent) than men (50
per cent) are engaged in agricultural work, household based extended economic
activities and household maintenance work. A lack of formal employment or
alternative livelihood opportunities restrain women’s participation in the
country’s economic growth, as well as discounting their contributions to
it. Gender norms mean that women continue to undertake a disproportionate
level of unpaid care tasks which in turn constrains their choice, including type and
location, of paid work.

The country programme strategy 2013 -2017 identifies gender inequity as a major
social problem for Nepal. The overall goal of the strategy is to directly address the
three main sets of inequity factors (political, system, societal) so that all children,
adolescents and women have access to education, health care, nutrition,
sanitation, clean water, protection, information, and other services necessary to
fulfil their rights to survival, development, protection and participation. 

4. Types of Involvement
Women entrepreneurs in Nepal are broadly divided into the following categories:

4.1. Affluent entrepreneurs

 4.2. Pull factors
4.3. Push
4.4. Self-employed entrepreneurs
4.5. Rural entrepreneurs

4.1. Affluent entrepreneurs

Affluent women entrepreneurs are those women entrepreneurs who hails from
rich business families. They are the daughters, daughter-in laws, sisters, sister-in-
laws and wives of affluent people in the society. Many of them are engaged in
beauty parlour, interior decoration, book publishing, film distribution and the like.
The family supports the above type of entrepreneur in carrying out their
responsibilities

4.2. Pull Factors

Women in towns and cities take up entrepreneurship as a challenge to do
something new and to be economically independent. These are coming under the
category of pull factors. They belong to educated women who generally lake up
small and medium industries where risk is low. Under this category, women
usually start service centres schools, food catering centres, restaurants, grocery
shops etc.

4.3. Push
There are some women entrepreneurs who accepts entrepreneurial activities to
overcome financial difficulties. The family situation forces them either to develop
the existing family business or to start new ventures to improve the economic
conditions of the family. Such categories of entrepreneurs are termed as push
factors.

4.4. Self employed entrepreneurs

Poor and very poor women in villages and town rely heavily on their own efforts
for sustenance. They start tiny and Small enterprises like brooms making, wax
candle making, providing tea and coffee to offices, ironing of clothes knitting
work, tailoring firm etc. Such women are called self-employed entrepreneurs.
4.5 Rural entrepreneurs
Women in rural areas/villages start enterprises which needs least organising skill
and less risk. Dairy products, pickles, fruit juices, pappads and jagger making are
coming under this category of Rural entrepreneur.

5. Approaches
5.1. Econimic approach
This paradigm assumes that the entrepreneurs are economists. They have an
inherent ability to transform old capital into bigger profits by using the capitalist
strategies such as reinvestment. Thus with this criteria they make it difficult for
the inclusion of women in the entrepreneurial process. There are contextual
settings which make it difficult for women to focus solely on the economic
paradigm. It also hinders and filters the entrants to experiment the
entrepreneurship.

5.2. Religious Approach

This school of thought believes that entrepreneurship emerged as a result of
religious virtue. In the earlier century, Calvinism was a Christian sect who valued
saving, reinvestment and hard work. Devotees of this sect are considered the first
entrepreneurs as they took this risk of developing their own businesses because
of their teachings. Thus this view suggests that an entrepreneur is someone who
is hard working and shows perseverance.

5.3. Pshycological Approach

This paradigm says that the emergence of entrepreneurs is a result of
psychological characteristics such as specific set of personal qualities which make
them more suited for success. The most dominant trait is the need for
achievement. This is a driving force which makes a person motivated towards
ambition, setting goals, planning and adapt to changes. An entrepreneur thus
rises as a leader, takes risks and has the required energy to manage it.
Entrepreneurs will be those who have this personality and these traits will lead
them to venture into self-employment.
 6. Function of women entrepreneur
Following Functions Are Performed By Women Entrepreneurs:-

6.1. Creating New Venture:

Women entrepreneurs identify the opportunities, evaluate them and select the
best opportunity. They convert the opportunity into new venture. Organization
and management of the enterprise is the main function of a woman
entrepreneur. It refers to bring together the various factors of production. She
alone decides the lines of business to expand and capita to employ. Women
entrepreneurs are imaginative in nature and they can develop ideas about the
new venture.

6.2. Risk Bearing:

Every business includes some portion of risk. The functions of an entrepreneur as
risk bearer are specific in nature. But women entrepreneurs have risk taking
capacity. They calculate different types of risks such as financial risk, social risk,
psychological risk etc. They handle risks by gathering information.

The entrepreneur assumes all possible risks of business which emerges due to the
possibility of changes in the tastes of consumers, modern techniques of
production and new inventions. Such risks are not insurable and incalculable. In
simple terms such risks are known as uncertainty concerning a loss.

6.3. Innovation:
Innovation is the basis function of woman entrepreneur. This is another major
function of women entrepreneurs. She has to introduce new product, creation of
new markets, application of new process of production, discovery of new and
better sources of raw materials and developing a new and better form of
industrial organization. They convert their ideas into innovations to meet market
demands by the help of research and development facilities.
 6.4. Management:
Women entrepreneurs believe in hard work. They directly engage in the
management. They take part in planning, coordinating and controlling. They
motivate and provide leadership to the employees.

7. Objectives of research
My filed visit was focused on the study of the present situation of womens of
ranachhap village of kavrepalanchowk district. Main objectives of field visit are:-

7.1. To know about the womens condition in entrepreneurship in Nepal.

7.2. To determine the condition of women of study area and their role in
community participation.
7.3. To know the womens community skills.
7.4. Functions of wonens in community.
7.5. Incourage wommens.
7.6. To research on the womens innovation and development in every
aspects.
7.7. To determine the social, cultural problems that stop women to go ahead
7.8. To find the solutions of all kinds of problem.
7.9. To suggest the people and society about women entrepreneurship.
7.10. To prepare and submit the research to specific field.

8. Study Area
The study was focused on the village named ranachhap near dhulikhel linked with
B.p highway in kavrepalanchowk district. The given image shows the study area.
 Ranachhap village

The image by the side is

of ranachhap village of
dhulikhel municipality.

9. Findings
Although the population of working-age females in the country is higher than that
of males, females still lag far behind when it comes to employment—and the pay
gap between the genders is also huge.
According to the Nepal Labour Force Survey 2017-18, for every 100 males in the
working-age population, there are 125 females, but for every 100 employed
males, there are only 59 employed females.
The population of working-age males stands at 9.2 million while that of working-
age females stands at 11.53 million.
The average monthly income of women is Rs5,834 less than what of men, the
 survey showed. Males earn Rs19,464 on average, while females are being paid
Rs13,630 regardless of their profession.

Ratiooffemaletomalelaborforceparticipationrate(%)

80

60

40

20

9.1. Ranachhap Study

Ranachhap village is located eastward from dhulikhel, around 2 km apart towards
east. Our visit was focused on the research on the women participation in
economic activities in ranachhap village.

Some of the important informations were obtained through primary sources like
we interviewed with some womens of Ranachhap village. There were 14 women
participated in my research. I asked some of the questioneries to them.

Total number of participation of women 14

in research
Total employed 14
Womens in Orange farming 2
Womens in Flowering 7
Womens in Dairy production 5
Above table shows the participation of women of ranachhap in different
economic activities. We mainly focoused on orange farming, flowering, Dairly
product.

ORANGE FARMING PARTICULARS

Total area Around 50 ropanies
Total investment Less amount of investment (10,000-
20,000)
Income 1,20,00 per year
Time Season based, output gained within 2
years
Flowering
Total area Around 95 ropanies
Total investment Less amount required, only farming
land initally
Total income 1,80,000 per year
Time Season based, output comes within
months
Dairy production
Total cows Around 80
Total investment 10,00,000 max to 6,00,000
Total income Around 4,500 per day
Profit only 1500-2000 per day
Total quantity 95 liters to 100 liters
Market Dhulikhel, kathmandu, banepa
Number of women involved 5
Time All the time in year
Output After 9 months of starting
 10. Advantages
Here are the six advantages that female entrepreneurs have:

1. Social Networking. Let’s face it—women are natural networkers. They love

to talk, mingle, and rub elbows. This is the very reason why husbands rarely
ever manage the social calendar. In today’s business environment,
mastering social media is mandatory, and the ladies absolutely have a leg
up!
2. Intuition. They call it “women’s intuition” for a reason.  Women in general can
size up another person much faster than her male counterpart. In today’s
ultra-fast paced business environment, you need the ability to quickly identify
the allies and the enemies. Regardless if you are a male or female, you need
to trust your gut.

3. Pain Tolerance. Okay, initially I would have said this is irrelevant. But after
watching my children be born, there is no question that my wife can handle a
lot more pain than I can. And I am not just talking physical pain, I mean
emotional, too (have you seen how tough children can be on their mothers?). In
business, there are a lot of painful moments. A lot. Women definitely have an
advantage in this area.

4.   Multi-tasking. Women are known for juggling many tasks at the same time
and still being able to produce excellent results. Conversely, the guys are masters
at focusing on one thing. Still, the advantage in today’s distracting environment
goes to women.

5.   Patience. Women inherently seem to have more patience. And in today’s business

environment, patience is key! Aggressive business strategies are not paying off like
they once did. Slow and steady wins the race in this category.

6.   Listening.  The key is to ask questions and really listen. Quite frankly, any great
sales person knows this, man or woman, it just seems that the ladies are naturally
better at doing it.

While female entrepreneurs only represent a small portion of the overall number of
businesses in the country right now, make no mistake, that percentage will continue to
climb. The research shows that the growth of female owned businesses is growing at
twice the rate of male owned ones. The more women take the leap and open their
business, the more others will follow in line. And because of these advantages, among
others, they should have a pretty good chance of succeeding! 

11. Problems
Some of the problems faced by women entrepreneurs are as follows: 

1. Problem of Finance:
Finance is regarded as “life-blood” for any enterprise, be it big or small. However,
women entrepreneurs suffer from shortage of finance on two counts.

Firstly, women do not generally have property on their names to use them as
collateral for obtaining funds from external sources. Thus, their access to the
external sources of funds is limited.

Secondly, the banks also consider women less credit-worthy and discourage
women borrowers on the belief that they can at any time leave their business.
Given such situation, women entrepreneurs are bound to rely on their own
savings, if any and loans from friends and relatives who are expectedly meager
and negligible. Thus, women enterprises fail due to the shortage of finance.

2. Scarcity of Raw Material:

Most of the women enterprises are plagued by the scarcity of raw material and
necessary inputs. Added to this are the high prices of raw material, on the one
hand, and getting raw material at the minimum of discount, on the other. The
failure of many women co-operatives in 1971 engaged in basket-making is an
example how the scarcity of raw material sounds the death-knell of enterprises
run by women .

3. Stiff Competition:
Women entrepreneurs do not have organizational set-up to pump in a lot of
money for canvassing and advertisement. Thus, they have to face a stiff
competition for marketing their products with both organized sector and their
male counterparts. Such a competition ultimately results in the liquidation of
women enterprises.
 4. Stiff Competition:
Women entrepreneurs do not have organizational set-up to pump in a lot of
money for canvassing and advertisement. Thus, they have to face a stiff
competition for marketing their products with both organized sector and their
male counterparts. Such a competition ultimately results in the liquidation of
women enterprises.

5. Family Ties:
In Nepal, it is mainly a women’s duty to look after the children and other
members of the family. Man plays a secondary role only. In case of married
women, she has to strike a fine balance between her business and family. Her
total involvement in family leaves little or no energy and time to devote for
business.

Support and approval of husbands seem necessary condition for women’s entry
into business. Accordingly, the educational level and family background of
husbands positively influence women’s entry into business activities.

6. Lack of Education:
In India, around three-fifths (60%) of women are still illiterate. Illiteracy is the root
cause of socio-economic problems. Due to the lack of education and that too
qualitative education, women are not aware of business, technology and market
knowledge. Also, lack of education causes low achievement motivation among
women. Thus, lack of education creates one type or other problems for women in
the setting up and running of business enterprises.

7. Male-Dominated Society:
Male chauvinism is still the order of the day in India. The Constitution of India
speaks of equality between sexes. But, in practice, women are looked upon as
abla, i.e. weak in all respects. Women suffer from male reservations about a
women’s role, ability and capacity and are treated accordingly. In nutshell, in the
male-dominated neplease society, women are not treated equal to men. This, in
turn, serves as a barrier to women entry into business.
8. Low Risk-Bearing Ability:
Women in India lead a protected life. They are less educated and economically
not self-dependent. All these reduce their ability to bear risk involved in running
an enterprise. Risk-bearing is an essential requisite of a successful entrepreneur.

In addition to above problems, inadequate infrastructural facilities, shortage of

power, high cost of production, social attitude, low need for achievement and
socioeconomic constraints also hold the women back from entering into business.

12. Solutions
12.1. Funding
We underestimate that old mantra, “be so good they can’t ignore you.” Do come
up with an awesome business plan and have a supreme team when setting up
your venture. Just like expertise, nothing substitutes preparedness. Also, do take
advantage of the women-friendly sources of financing. This includes women-
targeted funds and microfinance institutions.

12.2.Cultural Barriers
The best solution to these barriers is education. Thank goodness, Kenya is one of
those societies that place a great importance on school. With school women can
look inwards and reject those assumptions. This though is only half the job.

12.3.Role Models
Even with education women will not be truly emancipated from the shackles of
culture. They need to have role models. They need to know other women
entrepreneurs who defied and succeeded. It only drives a person. Women need
to have a variety of role models in diverse sectors to believe.

A new standard for defining successful women will be the outward answer to
rejecting those assumptions.
 12.4.Networking
The truth is that women entrepreneurs start from a lower base as business
managers. In context of the complaint of not being taken seriously as an
entrepreneur. Thus women need to manipulate the rules of networking.

You know that platitude that goes, ‘women should help other women’? It’s the
most creative thing that can be done regarding this. They literally need to help
each other. Network as women and mentor the newcomers on the ropes of being
a woman entrepreneur.

13. Conclusion
Women across the country have started several business ventures at their
own initiatives. It is time to taking bigger steps towards providing flexible
workplaces for women to get in the entrepreneurship. "We know that
where women are venturing now had been a male bastion. But that should
not deter them. Women are equal partners in business,” says Yonjan. All
section of the society should encourage their effort of entering into the
entrepreneurship because people’s dream of peace and prosperity is
directly related to the economic growth. Women’s involvement in
entrepreneurship should be encouraged because it will not only create
more opportunities but also ensure inclusive growth. It will be imperative in
achieving highest sustainable economic growth and employment and in
raising living standard.
14. Annexes
THE END