1

PERSONS AND FAMILY RELATIONS

1) When law takes effect

NCC 2
Revised Administrative Code (RAC) Secs. 18-24
Exec. Order No. 200, Sec. 2
Tañada v. Tuvera 136 SCRA 27
Fuentes vs. Roca, G.R. No. 178902, April 21, 2010
2) Retroactivity of laws
NCC 4, cf. NCC 2252 - 2269
Revised Penal Code (RPC) 22
Family Code (FC) 256

Francisco vs. CA, G.R. No. 102330. November 25, 1998

CF: Pesca vs. Pesca, G.R. No. 136921. April 17, 2001
David v Agbay, G.R. No. 199113 March 18, 2015

3) Mandatory or prohibitory laws

NCC Art. 5 with NCC Art. 17 (3)
Nerwin v PNOC, G.R. No. 167057, April 11, 2012

4) Waiver of rights
NCC Art. 6
NCC Art. 2035

DM Consunji vs. CA, G.R. No. 137873, April 20, 2001

5) Repeal of laws
NCC 7
cf. 1987 Constitution, Art. XVIII Sec. 3
FC 254, 255
6) Conflict of laws
NCC 15 cf. FC 26
Tenchavez vs. Escaño 15 SCRA 355
Lavadia vs. Heirs of Luna, G.R. No. 171914, July 23, 2014
ATCI Overseas Corp vs. Echin, G.R. No. 178551, Oct. 11, 2010

NCC 16
Amos vs. Bellis, 20 SCRA 358
Noveras vs. Noveras, G.R. No. 188289, August 20, 2014

NCC 17
 2

Raytheon vs. Rouzie, GR 162894, February 26, 2008

NCC 18

Tamano vs. Ortiz, G.R. No. 126603, June 29, 1998

Zamoranos vs. People, G.R. No. 193902, June 1, 2011
Villagracia vs. Sharia, GR 188832, April 23, 2014

7) Human relations
a) Norm
b) Volenti Non Fit Injuria
c) Abuse of right
d) Breach of promise to marry
NCC 19 - 21; NCC 2176; MC 22
Hermosisima vs. CA 109 Phil 629
Wassmer vs. Velez 12 SCRA 648
Tanjanco vs. CA 18 SCRA 994
Baksh vs. CA, 219 SCRA 115

e) Accion in rem verso

8) Applicability of penal laws

NCC 14, 17(3), RPC Art. 2

9) Prejudicial question

10) PERSONS
i) Kinds of Persons
NCC 37 – 39

Commencement and termination of personality

1. Natural Persons

(a) Birth
NCC 40 - 41
1987 Constitution, Art. II Sec. 12
P.D. 603 [Child and Youth Welfare Code], Art. 5
FC 164, 2nd par., FC 180
RPC Arts. 256 - 259
 3

Geluz vs. CA 2 SCRA 801

Quimiging vs. Icao 34 SCRA 134
De Jesus vs. Syquia 58 Phil 866
Continental Steel vs. Montano, GR 182836, October 13, 2009

(b) Death
NCC 42

Limjoco vs. Intestate Estate of Pio Fragante 80 Phil 776

Dumlao vs. Quality Plastics 70 SCRA 472
Eugenio vs. Velez 185 SCRA 425
Marcos vs. Manglapus, G.R. No. 88211. Oct. 27, 1989
Valino vs. Adriano, GR 182894, April 22, 2014
Berot vs. Siapno, G.R. No. 188944, July 09, 2014

NCC 43
Joaquin vs. Navarro 93 Phil 257

2. Juridical Persons
NCC 44-47; NCC 1767-1768
ii) Capacity to act
1. Presumption of capacity, Art. 37 NCC
Catalan vs. Basa, G.R. No. 159567, July 31, 2007
2. Restrictions on capacity to act
NCC 38 - 39, cf. NCC 1327

(a) Minority

1. Age of majority, R.A. 6809

2. A.M. NO. 03-02-05-SC Rules on Guardianship
3. Suffrage, Sec. 1 Art. V 1987 Constitution [cf. Sangguniang
Kabataan RA No. 10742 entitled “An Act establishing reforms in the
Sangguniang Kabataan, creating enabling mechanisms for meaningful
youth participation in nation-building and for other purposes”)
4. Marriage, FC 5; 45 (1); cf. R.A. 6809; FC 79
5. Contracts
NCC 1327
NCC 1390 (par. 1), 1403 (par. 3)
NCC 1397, 1399
NCC 1489
NCC 1426 - 1427
 4

6. Criminal liability

(b) Insanity

1. Marriage, FC 45 (2), Art. 79

2. Contracts, NCC 1327 (1), 1328
3. Criminal liability
RPC 12 (1)
Rule 101, Rules of Court

US vs. Vaguilar, 27 Phil 88

People vs. Rafanan 204 SCRA 65
People vs. Bugalao, GR 184757, Oct. 5, 2011
Oropesa vs. Oropesa, GR 184528, April 25, 2012
Crewlink vs. Teringtering, GR 166803, October 14, 2012

(c) Deaf-Mutism, NCC 1327 (2), 807 & 820

(d) Prodigality, ROC Rule 92 Sec. 2
(e) Civil Interdiction, RPC 34, 41
(f) Family Relations
FC 150-151; cf. FC 87, 37, 38
NCC 1490
NCC 2035
cf. NCC 963-967

(g) Alienage, cf. Art. XII, Secs. 11, 1987 Constitution

Cordora vs. COMELEC, February 19, 2009

Reyes vs. COMELEC, G.R. No. 207264, June 25, 2013
Go vs. Republic, G.R. No. 202809, July 02, 2014
David vs. Agbay, G.R. No. 199113 March 18, 2015

(h) Absence, NCC 381 – 396, FC 41

Olaguer vs. Purugganan, GR 158907, February 12, 2007
(i) Insolvency and Trusteeship, NCC 1381, 1491, 2236, 2237

Umale vs. ASB Realty, GR 181126, June 15, 2011

(j) Gender, Art. II, Sec. 14, 1987 Constitution; cf. NCC 403

(k) Physical Incapacity/Disease, FC 45(5), 45(6), 46, NCC 820

 5

Heirs of Favis, Sr. vs. Gonzales, et al., GR. No. 185922, Jan. 15, 2014
iii) Domicile and residence of persons
1. Juridical persons, NCC 51
2. Natural persons
NCC 50
FC 69, cf. NCC 110
cf. FC 55, 101, 149, 152, 101
Romualdez-Marcos vs COMELEC, 248 SCRA 300
Jalosjos vs. COMELEC, GR 191970, April 24, 2012
11) Rights and Obligations of couples in intimate relationships (RA 9262) (2020 Bar
Civil Law syllabus)

Sharica Mari Go Tan vs. Sps Tan, GR No. 168852, Sept. 30, 2008
San Diego vs RTC, G.R. No. 193960, Jan. 07, 2013
Tua v Mangrobang, G.R. No. 170701, January 22, 2014
People. vs. Jumawan, G.R. No. 187495, April 21, 2014
Republic vs. Yahon, G.R. No. 20104, June 16, 2014
BBB v AAA, G.R. No. 193225, February 9, 2015

12) Marriage

a) Requisites
1. Kinds of requisites & effects of non-compliance
FC 2-3; FC 4; FC 5; FC 35; FC 45 cf. NCC 53
RPC 350-351
De Mijares vs. Villaluz, 274 SCRA 1

2. Essential requisites

(a) Legal Capacity

(i) Gender, FC 2 (1) cf. FC 148

Silverio vs. Republic, G.R. No. 174689, October 22, 2007

Jesus Nicardo M. Falcis, III vs. Civil Registrar General, G.R. No. 217910.
September 3, 2019

(ii). Age
FC 5; FC 35 (1); R.A. 6809

(iii) Absence of impediment, FC 5, 35

 6

Garcia vs. Recio, 365 SCRA 437

Te vs. Choa, G.R. No. 126446, Nov. 29, 2000
Nollora vs. People, GR 191425 September 7, 2011
Avenido vs. Avenido, G.R. No. 173540 Jan 22 2014

(iv) Parental consent

FC 14; FC 15; FC 45 (1)

(v) Consent freely given by both spouses

(a) Mistake as to identity

FC 35 (5); NCC 86 (1)
(b) Effect of insanity, FC 45 (2)
(c) Effect of fraud, FC 45 (3); FC 46, NCC 1338 –1344
Anaya vs. Palaroan, Nov. 26, 1970
(d) Effect of force, intimidation and undue influence
FC 45 (4); NCC 1335 – 1337
Villanueva vs. CA, 505 SCRA 564

(e) Effect of physical incapacity/impotence, FC45(5)

Jimenez vs. Cañizares 109 Phil 27

Alcazar vs. Alcazar, G.R. No. 174451 Oct 13, 2009

(f) Effect of affliction with STD, FC 45 (6); 46 (3)

3. Formal Requisites

(a) Marriage license

Republic vs. CA, 236 SCRA 257

Sy vs. CA, G.R. No. 127263, April 12, 2000
Alcantara vs. Alcantara, G.R. No. 167746, Aug. 28, 2007
De Castro vs. De Castro, G.R. No. 160172, February 13, 2008
Abbas vs. Abbas, G.R. No. 183896, Jan 30, 2013

1. Where to apply, FC 9 - 10
2. Requirements for issuance

a. application, FC 11
b. proof of capacity, FC 12-14; FC 21 cf. NCC 84
 7

cf. DOJ Opinion 50 S. 1991 (April 30, 1991)

DOJ Opinion 146 S. 1991 (Oct. 17, 1991)

c. parental advice, FC 15
d. marriage counseling, FC 16
e. publication, FC 17
f. investigation of impediments, FC 18
g. payment of fees, FC 19
h. family planning certificate, P.D. 965

3. Place where valid, FC 20

4. Period of validity, FC 20
5. Duties of the Civil Registrar, FC 24-25

Alcantara vs. Alcantara, GR No. 167746, Aug. 28, 2007

Abbas vs. Abbas, G.R. No. 183896, January 30, 2013

6. Marriages exempt from license requirement

FC 27-34, cf. NCC 76, P.D. 1083
Niñal vs. Bayadog, G.R. 133778, Mar. 14, 2000
De Castro vs. De Castro, G.R. 160172, February 13, 2008
Republic vs. Dayot, March 28, 2008

(c) Authority of the solemnizing officer

1. Who are authorized

FC 7, 10, 31 & 32
NCC 56, 74, 76
R.A. 7160 (1991 Local Government Code),
Secs. 444(b)(1)(xviii), 445 (b)(1)(xviii)
Aranes vs. Occiano, 380 SCRA 402
Navarro vs. Domagtoy S.C. A.M. MTJ-96-1088, July 19, 1996
Beso vs. Daguman, 323 SCRA 566 (2000)
Ronulo vs. People, G.R. No. 182438, July 2, 2014

2. How authorized

FC 7 (2) cf. NCC 92-96

Villar vs. Paraiso 96 Phil 659
 8

3. Effect of absence of authority

FC 4; FC 35 (2)
RPC 352
cf. Tenchavez vs. Escaño, 15 SCRA 355 at page 360

4. Duties of the solemnizing officer, FC 23-24

5. Effect of irregularity, FC 4
(c) Marriage Ceremony
1. Form of ceremony, FC 3 (3); FC 6 cf. FC 33, FC 8
Martinez vs. Tan 12 Phil 731
COMPARE TO: Morigo v People, G.R. No. 145226.
February 06, 2004
2. Place for ceremony, FC 8; FC 28-29; FC 32-33
3. Issuance of marriage certificate, FC 6; FC 22, 23
Madridejo vs. De Leon 55 Phil 1
People vs. Borromeo 133 SCRA 106
b) Marriages celebrated abroad
1. General rule in contracts

(a) As to form, NCC 17 (1) and (2)

(b) As to substantive requirements, NCC 15 & 17 (3)

2. Special rule in marriage

(a) lex loci celebrationis, FC 26; FC 21, FC 10
Yao Kee vs. Sy-Gonzales, 167 SCRA 786
Republic vs. Orbecido III, G.R. No. 154380, October 5, 2005
Fujiki vs. Marinay, G.R. No. 196049, June 26, 2013
(b) Exceptions
FC 26 in relation to
FC 35(1), 35(4), 35(5) and (6), 36, 37 & 38
cf. NCC 71
DOJ Opinion No. 11 S. 1990 (Jan. 17, 1990)
c) Foreign divorce

Republic vs. Manalo G.R. No. 221029 April 24, 2018

Morana vs. Republic G.R. No. 227605 Dec 5, 2019
Racho vs. Tanaka G.R. No. 199515 June 25, 2018
NCC 15, 17 (3)
FC 26
Van Dorn vs. Romillo, 139 SCRA 139
 9

Somera vs. Pilapil, 174 SCRA 663

Quita vs. CA, 300 SCRA 406
Llorente vs. CA, 345 SCRA 592
Roehr vs. Rodriguez, GR 142820, June 30, 2003.
Garcia vs. Recio, 366 SCRA 437
Diego vs. Castillo, 436 SCRA 67
RP vs. Orbecido, G.R.No. 154380, Oct. 5, 2005
San Luis vs. San Luis, G.R. 133743, Feb. 2, 2007
Amor-Catalan vs. Ca, G.R. No. 167109, February 6, 2007
Corpus vs. Sto Tomas, G.R. No. 186571, August 11, 2010
Llave vs. Republic, G.R. No. 169766, March 30, 2011
Fujiki vs. Marinay, G.R. No. 196049, June 26, 2013
Lavadia vs. Heirs of Luna, G.R. No. 171914, July 23, 2014
Noveras vs. Noveras, G.R. No. 188289, August 20, 2014
Edelina T. Ando vs. DFA, G. R. No. 195432, AUG. 27, 2014

d) Void marriages
General rule, FC 4
1. Kinds of void marriages
(a) Absence of requisites
FC 35 cf. FC 234, RA 6809
Alcantara vs. Alcantara, GR NO. 1677446, Aug. 18, 2007
So vs. Valera, GR 150677, June 5, 2009
De Castro vs. De Castro, G.R. No. 160172, Feb. 13, 2008
Republic vs. Dayot, G.R. No. 175581, March 28, 2008
Abbas vs. Abbas, G.R. No. 183896, January 30, 2013

(b) Bigamous and polygamous marriages

FC 35(4), 39, 40, 41, 44
RPC 344, 349

Wiegel vs. Sempio-Diy, 143 SCRA 499 (1986)

Cariño vs. Cariño 351 SCRA 127
Bobis vs. Bobis, G.R. No. 138509, July 31, 2000
Mercado vs.Tan, G.R. No 137110, August 1, 2000
Tenebro vs. CA, G.R. No. 150758 Feb 18, 2004 (read
concurring of Justice Vitug and dissent of Justice Carpio)
Morigo vs. Morigo, 422 SCRA 376
Teves vs. People, GR 188775, August 24, 2011
Nollora vs. People, GR 191425, Sept 7, 2011
Montanez vs. Cipriano, GR 181089, Oct 22, 2012
 10

See: Abbas vs. Abbas, G.R. No. 183896, Jan 30, 2013
Capili vs. People, GR 183805, July 3, 2013
Fujiki vs. Marinay, G.R. No. 196049, June 26, 2013
Go-Bangayan vs. Bangayan, G.R. No. 201061, July 3, 2013
People vs. Odtuhan, GR 191566, July 17, 2013
Iwasawa vs Gangan G.R. No. 204169, SEP 11 2013
SSS v. Azote, G.R. No. 209741, April 15, 2015

(c) Subsequent marriage, upon reappearance of absent spouse

FC 41 in relation to FC 42-44
NCC 390-391, FC 55 (10), FC 101

Jones vs. Hortiguela 64 Phil 179

Republic vs. Nolasco, 220 SCRA 20, March 17, 1993
Bienvenido vs. CA, 237 SCRA 676, October 24, 1994
SSS vs. Jarque, G.R. No. 165545, March 24, 2006

Procedure:

Republic vs Granada, GR No. 187512, June 13, 2012

(d) Bad faith of both spouses, under FC 44. Other effects of bad faith: 43, 40,
45, 81, 86

(e) Psychological incapacity under FC 36

FC 36, 39, 68-71
R.A. 8533

Santos vs. CA 240 SCRA 20

Chi Ming Tsoi vs. CA G.R. No. 119190, Jan 16, 1997
Republic vs. Molina, G.R. No. 108763 Feb 13, 1997
Hernandez vs. Court of Appeals, 320 SCRA 76 Dec 08, 1999
Marcos vs. Marcos, 343 SCRA 755, October 19, 2000
Republic vs. Dagdag, 351 SCRA 425
RP vs. Quintero-Hamano, G.R. No. 149498, May 20, 2004
Antonio vs. Reyes, G.R. No. 155800, Mar 10, 2005
Republic vs. Tanyag-San Jose, 517 SCRA 123, Feb 6, 2007
Almelor vs RTC-Las Pinas, GR No. 179620, Aug. 26, 2008
Te vs Te, GR No. 161793, Feb. 13, 2009
Azcueta vs RP, G.R. No. 180668, May 26, 2009
Halili vs. Halili, GR 165424, June 9, 2009 (MR)
 11

Najera vs. Najera, GR 164817, July 3, 2009

Camacho-Reyes vs. Reyes, G.R. No. 185286, Aug 18, 2010
Kalaw vs Fernandez, GR 166357, September 19, 2011
Mendoza vs Republic, GR 157854, November 12, 2012
Republic vs De Gracia, GR. No. 171557, Feb. 12, 2014
Kalaw vs Fernandez, GR 166357, January 14, 2015
Viñas vs. Viñas, G.R. No. 208790, January 21, 2015
Mallilin vs. Jamesolamin, G.R. No. 192718, 18 Feb. 2015
Yuk Ling Ong vs. Co, G.R. No. 206653, 25 Feb. 2015

(f) Incestuous marriages, FC 37 cf. NCC 963-967

(g) Marriages against public policy
FC 38, compare FC 38(6) with NCC 80(6)
RPC 246
NCC 80(7), 82
NCC 963-967
(h) Non-compliance under FC 35 (2), 53, 52. 102, 129
Sec. 21, 22 and 23, A.M. No. 02-11-10-SC. March 4, 2003
NOTE: FC 147 and 148

2. Who can invoke nullity, FC 36, FC 39, FC 40

Sec. 2, A.M. No. 02-11-10-SC. March 4, 2003
Niñal vs. Bayadog, G.R. 133778, Mar. 14, 2000
Catalan vs. Court of Appeals, 514 SCRA 607, February 6, 2007
Enrico vs. Heirs of Sps. Medinaceli, G.R. No. 173614, Sept 28, 2007
Carlos vs. Sandoval, GR 179922, December 16, 2008
Ablaza vs. Republic, G.R. No. 158298, August 11, 2010

3. When to file action for declaration of nullity

FC 39 in relation to FC 255, 256
FC 42, par. 2

4. Procedure in actions for declaration of nullity

a. Requisite for valid remarriage, see VII (E)(10)(b) above
b. Safeguards against collusion, FC 48
Malcampo Sin vs. Sin, 355 SCRA 285
Ancheta vs. Ancheta, 424 SCRA 725
Republic vs. CA, G.R. No. 159594, Nov 12, 2012

c. No confession of judgment, FC 48; cf. NCC 2035

A.M. No. 02-11-10-SC. March 4, 2003
 12

Jocson vs. Robles 22 SCRA 521

Tolentino vs. Villanueva 56 SCRA 1

d. Participation of the OSG

Mendoza vs. Republic, GR 157854, November 12, 2012
e. No Motion to Dismiss
Aurelio vs. Aurelio, G.R. No. 175367, June 6, 2011

5. Other Matters
Chan v Chan, G.R. No. 179786, July, 14, 2013
6. Effects of pendency of action for declaration of nullity - Art. 49, 198
7. Effects of res judicata
Mallion vs. Alcantara, 506 SCRA 336
8. Effects of final judgment declaring nullity
(a) In general, FC 50-54, but see FC 147-148; 198, 213
(b) On remarriage, FC 40, 41
(c) On rights & obligations between the former spouses, FC Arts. 68-72
(d) On the property regime of the marriage, FC 147-148

Valdes vs. QC-RTC, G.R. No. 122749, July 31, 1996

Dino vs. Dino, GR 178044, January 19, 2011
Yu vs. Reyes-Carpio, GR 189207, June 15, 2011
Barrido vs. Nonato, G.R. No. 176492, October 20, 2014

(e) On ‘legitimes’ of the common children

FC 50-53, FC 51 in rel. to NCC 886, 888;

FC 176
NCC 908, 1061
Sec. 21, A.M. No. 02-11-10-SC. March 4, 2003
COMPARE TO: FC 147

Dino vs. Dino, GR 178044, January 19, 2011

COMPARE TO: Yu vs. Carpio-Reyes, GR 189207, June 15, 2011

(f) On the status and custody of children, FC 54, 213, 102, 129, 164, 165,
NCC 369

(g) On use of surnames, NCC Art. 371, 364, 369

Yasin vs. Shari'a, G.R. No.94986 February 23, 1995
Bar Matter No. 1625 Josephine P. Uy-Timosa
 13

Remo vs. DFA, March 2010 G.R. No. 169202

(h) On hereditary rights of the former spouses, FC 43 (5),

50
(i) Effect of death, Art. 103, 130
Heirs of Go vs. Servacio, GR 157537, Sept. 7, 2011

e) Voidable marriages
1. Void v. voidable marriages, FC 4 cf. 45
Ninal vs. Bayadog, G.R. No. 133778. March 14, 2000
2. Grounds for annulment
(a) Absence of parental consent
FC 4, 5, 14, 45(1), 47(1), 35 (1), cf R.A. 6809

(b) Insanity, FC 45(2), 47(2), NCC Art. 1149

Oropesa vs. Oropesa, GR 184528, April 25, 2012
Crewlink vs. Teringtering, GR 166803, October 14, 2012
(c) Fraud
FC 45(3), 46, 47(3)
Hernandez vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No.126010 Dec 8, 1999

NCC 1338-1344
Buccat vs. Buccat 72 Phil 49
Aquino vs. Delizo 108 Phil 21
Anaya vs. Palaroan 36 SCRA 97
Almelor vs. RTC, G.R. No. 179620, August 26, 2008

(d) Force, intimidation and undue influence

FC 45(4), 47(4)
NCC 1335-1337
RPC 344, last paragraph

Ruiz vs. Atienza, 40 O.G. 1903 (1941)

Villanueva vs. CA, 505 SCRA 564

(e) Physical incapacity/impotence

FC 45(5), 47(5)

Jimenez vs. Cañizares 109 Phil 273

Sarao vs. Guevara, 1940, 40 OG 11 Supp 263
Alcazar vs. Alcazar, GR 174451, October 13, 2009
 14

(f) Affliction with STD, FC 45(6), compare with FC 46(3), 47(5), 47 (3)
(g) Others
Republic vs Albios, G.R. No. 198780, October 16, 2013

3. Who can seek annulment, FC 47, Sec. 3, AM No. 02-11-10-SC Mar 4, 2003
4. When to seek annulment. FC 47, NCC 1149
5. Procedure in actions for annulment
FC Art. 48, A.M. No. 02-11-10-SC. March 4, 2003
Barcelona vs. CA, G. R. 130087, Sept. 24, 2003

6. Effects of pendency of action for annulment

FC 49, 198, 213
A.M No. 02-11-12-SC. March 4, 2003

7. Effects of annulment, FC 50-54, 43, 44, 86 (3), 99, 102, 129, 198, 213
(a) In general
Chan-Tan vs. Chan, G.R. No. 167139, Feb 25, 2010
(b) On remarriage, FC Art. 40
(c) On rights & obligations between the former spouses, 198
(d) On the property regime of the marriage
FC 50, FC 43(2) cf. FC 102(4), 129, 138
Buenaventura vs. CA, G.R. No. 127358 Mar 31, 2005
Quiao vs. Quiao, G. R. No. 183622, July 4, 2012
(e) On ‘presumptive legitimes/hereditary rights’
FC 50-53, 43 (2), FC 51 in rel. to NCC 886, 888;
FC 176
NCC 908, 1061
FC 102 (5) and (6), 129 (8) and (9)
Yu vs. Reyes-Carpio, GR 189207, June 15, 2011
(f) On the status and custody of children, FC 54, 213,164,165
(g) On use of surnames, NCC Art. 371, 364, 369
Yasin vs Shari'a, G.R. No.94986 February 23, 1995
B.M. No. 1625 Josephine P. Uy-Timosa
Remo vs. DFA, March 2010

f) Unmarried cohabitation

FC 147, cf. RPC 350

FC 148 (“adulterous”)
Rule 131 Sec. 3 (aa) – (cc), 1989 Rules on Evidence cf. NCC 220
 15

FC 26 par. 1
NCC Book II, Title III (484-501)
Lesaca vs. Lesaca, 91 Phil 135
Yaptinchay vs. Torres, 28 SCRA 489
Eugenio vs. Velez, G.R. No. 85140 May 17, 1990
Estrada vs. Escritor, A.M. No. P-02-1651, August 4, 2003

13) LEGAL SEPARATION

(a) Sexual infidelity or perversion

FC 55(8)
NCC 36
RPC 333 & 334
RPC 247
Goitia vs. Campos-Rueda 35 Phil 252
Kalaw vs. Fernandez, GR 166357, September 19, 2011
Republic vs. Quintos, GR 159594, November 12, 2012

(b) Drug addiction, habitual alcoholism, lesbianism or homosexuality

FCC 55 (5) and (6) compare with FC 46(4)
Almelor vs. RTC, GR No. 179620, Aug. 26, 2008
Campos vs. Campos, A.M. No. MTJ-10-1761, Feb. 08, 2012

(c) Attempt on the life of the other spouse

FC 55(9), compare with NCC 97(2)
Rep. Act No. 9262

(d) Abandonment
FC Art. 55 (10)
FC 101 par. 3, compare with separation in fact
Republic vs. Quintos, GR 159594, November 12, 2012

(e) Other grounds

FC 55 (1)
Goitia vs Campos-Rueda, 35 Phils 252
Kalaw vs. Fernandez, GR 166357, September 19, 2011

2. Who can ask for legal separation

FC 55, compare with NCC 99
 16

3. When may petition be filed

FC 57, compare with NCC 102, NCC 99

People vs. Zapata 88 Phil 688

4. Court procedure in legal separation

FC 58-60;
Sec 19, RA 9262
A.M. No. 02-11-11-SC. March 4, 2003

Araneta vs Concepcion, 99 Phil 709

Ocampo vs. Florenciano, 107 Phil 35
Lapuz vs. Eufemio, 43 SCRA 177
Samosa vs Vamenta, Jr., 46 SCRA 110
Gandionco vs. Peñaranda 155 SCRA 725
Pacete vs. Cariaga, 231 SCRA 321

5. Effect of pendency of the petition, FC 61-62

De la Viña vs. Villareal 41 Phil 13
Sabalones vs. CA 230 SCRA 79

(a) Support and custody pendente lite

FC 62 cf. FC 49, FC 198
Yangco vs. Rhode, 1 Phil 404
De la Viña vs. Villareal, 41 Phil 13
Araneta vs. Concepcion 99 Phil 709
Lerma vs. CA 61 SCRA 440

6. Defenses in actions for legal separation – FC Art. 56

(a) Consent
FC 56(2); NCC 100
People vs. Sansano 50 Phil 73
People vs. Schneckenberger 73 Phil 413

(b) Condonation
FC 56(1)
Ginez vs. Bugayong 100 Phil 616

(c) Recrimination
FC 56(4)
Brown vs. Yambao 102 Phil 168
 17

Ong vs. Ong, G.R. No. 153206, October 23, 2006

(d) Collusion/Mutual Consent

FC 60
FC 56(3), (5), compare with NCC 101 and 221(2)
Brown vs. Yambao, supra
Ocampo vs. Florenciano 107 Phil 35
Republic vs. CA, November 12, 2012

7. Effects of decree of legal separation

(a) On personal relations, FC 63
(b) On the custody of children
FC 63(3); FC 213
NCC 106(3)
P.D. 603 (CYWC) Art. 17 par. 3
Matute vs. Macadaeg, 99 Phil 340, May 30, 1956

(c) On property relations

FC 63(2), FC 64, FC Art. 102 (4), 129 (7)
Quiao vs. Quiao, G. R. No. 183622, July 4, 2012

(d) On support, FC 198

(e) On the use of surname, NCC 372
Laperal vs. Republic 116 Phil 672
(f) On hereditary rights, FC 63(4)
(g) Other Effects, FC 64, 198
(h) Solo Parents Act – RA 8972
8. Reconciliation, FC 65-67
9. Effect of death of one of the parties
Lapuz vs. Eufemio 43 SCRA 314
Macadangdang vs. CA, G.R. No. L-38287, Oct 23, 1981

14) RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS BETWEEN HUSBAND AND WIFE

A. Obligation to love each other, FC 68

B. Obligation to live with the other spouse

1. General rule and exceptions - FC 68
Art. 100 (1); 127 (1); 101; 128
NCC 921 (4)
RPC 11 (2)
RPC 247
 18

Republic vs. Molina, G.R. No. 108763 Feb 13, 1997

Goitia vs. Campos-Rueda, 35 Phils 252
Arroyo vs. Vasques-Arroyo 42 Phil 54
Cuaderno vs. Cuaderno 12 SCRA 505
Ilusorio vs. Bildner, G.R. No. 139789. May 12, 2000.

2. Designation of domicile

(a) General rule: jointly

FC 69 par. 1, compare with NCC 110
Abella vs. COMELEC, 201 SCRA 335

(b) Exception, FC 69 par. 2

De la Viña vs. Villareal, 41 Phil 13 at pp. 16-21

C. Joint management of family life

FC 71, 94 (last par.), 121 (last par.), 122, 146
D. Joint Obligation to Support
FC 70, 194, 94 (1) and (last par.), 121 (1) and (last par.), 146
Calderon vs. Roxas, G.R. No. 185595, Jan. 09, 2013

E. The right to exercise a profession or calling

FC 73 as amended by RA 10572 (May 24, 2013), compare with NCC 117, FC
Art. 94 (2), (3); FC Art. 121 (2), (3)
Art. II Sec. 14 and Art. XIII Sec. 14, 1987 Constitution
cf. NCC 113 compare with ROC Rule 3 Sec. 4
cf. R.A. 7192, “An Act Promoting the Integration of Women as
Full & Equal Partners of Men in Development and Nation Building”

cf. R.A. 8187, “An Act Granting Paternity Leave...”

RA 9710, Magna Carta of Women

15) PROPERTY RELATIONS OF THE SPOUSES

a) Marriage settlements

A. Requisites for validity of marriage settlements

FC Art. 75; 130 (3); 103 (3)
1. Prior to marriage: modifications
FC 1; FC 76 (modifications after marriage)
FC 66, 67, 128, 135, 136
 19

Pana vs. Heirs of Juanite, Sr., G.R. No. 164201 Dec 10, 2012

1. Form & registration requirement, FC 77, NCC 1357, 1358, NCC 709
2. Celebration of the marriage, FC 81 cf. Art. 86 (1)

B. Parties to a marriage settlement

(a) minors, FC 78, 14, 211, 225
(b) persons under civil interdiction, NCC Art. 38, 39,
FC 79, RPC 34, FC 135 (1)
(c) incapacitated persons, FC 79, in rel. to NCC 38-39
C. Which law governs property relations, FC 74
1. Stipulation in marriage settlements, FC 80
2. If both Filipinos
3. Mixed marriage between Filipino and alien
4. If both aliens
5. For property located outside RP
FC 80 (2) and (3) in rel. to NCC 16
FC 80 (3) in rel. To NCC 17 (1)

b) Donations by reason of marriage

1. Definition, FC 82
Solis vs. Solis, 53 Phil 912 [1928]
2. Form of Donations, FC Art. 83, NCC Arts. 748-749
Velasquez vs. CA, G.R. No. 126996. February 15, 2000
Abobon vs. Abobon, G.R. No. 155830, August 15, 2012
Valencia vs. Loquiao, GR 122134, October 3, 2003
Doronio vs. Heirs, G.R. No. 169454, December 27, 2007

3. Who may be donors – FC Art 82, 83, 84

4. What may be donated by a spouse as donor
(a) present property, FC 84, 1070
(b) future property, FC 84; NCC 760
Mateo vs. Lagua, 29 SCRA 864
(c) encumbered property, FC 85
(d) donations in the marriage settlements, FC 81

5. Revocation of donations propter nuptias, FC 81, 86(1)

(a) revocation by donor, FC 86; NCC 765; FC Art. 50; 43 (3)
Mateo vs. Lagua, 29 SCRA 864
(b) by operation of law, FC 44; 61; 43 (3)
 20

c) Void donations by the spouses - FC 87

(a) Donations during the marriage
Ching vs. Goyanko, GR 165879, November 10, 2006
(b) Donations in common law marriages
Matabuena vs. Cervantes 38 SCRA 284
Arcaba vs. de Batocael, G.R. No. 146683. Nov. 22, 2001

d) Absolute community of property

1. When applicable, FC 75, 103 (3); 130 (3), 92 (2)
2. Commencement, FC 88, 107
3. Waiver during marriage, FC 89 (1) cf NCC 168
4. Waiver after marriage, FC 89 par. 2
5. Suppletory rules:
Co-ownership, FC 90; cf NCC 484-501, cf FC 108
6. What constitutes ACP, FC 91, 92
(a) All property at time of marriage
(b) Property acquired subsequently
(c) Winnings from gambling, FC 95 cf NCC 164
(d) Presumption of ACP, FC 93 of NCC 160

7. What is excluded from ACP, FC 92;109 (3) and (4), FC 142

Muller vs. Muller, G.R. No. 149615, August 29, 2006
Pacific Ace vs. Yanagisawa, G.R. No. 175303, April 11, 2012
Beumer vs. Amores, GR 195670, December 3, 2012
Abrenica vs. Abrenica, G.R. No. 180572, June 18, 2012

8. Charges upon ACP, FC 94

Luzon Surety Co., Inc. vs. De Garcia, 30 SCRA 111

Gelano vs. CA, 103 SCRA 90
G-Tractors, Inc. vs. CA, 135 SCRA 192
Noveras vs. Noveras, G.R. No. 188289, August 20, 2014

(a) Family expenses cf. FC 100 (3), FC 121(5) and FC 94

(1), (4), (5)
Francisco vs. Gonzales, G.R. No. 177667, Sept 17, 2008

(b) Debts of spouses, Art. 94 (2) and (3)

(c) Subsidiary liabilities, Art. 94 (9)
Buado vs. CA, G.R. No. 145222, April 24, 2009
 21

(d) Sole obligations of a spouse, Art. 94

(e) Gambling losses, FC 95
(f) Other charges, Art. 94

9. Ownership, FC 90, FC 96 in rel. to NCC 206

10. Administration and enjoyment of ACP

(a) joint administration, FC 96; FC 90, NCC 1490
Yu Bun Guan vs. Ong, 36 SCRA 559
Dar v. Legasto, G.R. No. 143016, August 30, 2000
Cotoner vs. Revilla, G.R. No. 190901, Nov 12, 2014

(b) Sole administration

(1) incapacity, FC 96 (2) – no court order
Uy vs. CA, 346 SCRA 246
(2) separation in fact FC 100 (3), 142 – with court
order of separate property
(3) abandonment, FC 101 – with court order
(4) pendency of legal separation proceeding, FC 61
with court order

(c) Disposition and encumbrance, FC 96-98

Matthews vs. Taylor, GR 164584, June 22, 2009

11. Effect of separation de facto, FC 100 cf. FC 239

Noveras vs. Noveras, G.R. No. 188289, August 20, 2014

12. Effect of abandonment, FC 101, 239; Noveras vs. Noveras,

supra.
13. Causes for dissolution of ACP, FC 99
(a) Death, FC 103 cf. Rule 73 Sec. 12 ROC
Heirs of Go vs. Servacio, GR 157537, Sept. 7, 2011
(b) Legal separation, FC 63(2); FC 66
(c) Annulment and declaration of nullity, FC 50 in rel. to
FC 43 (2), 147, 148
(d) Judicial separation of property, FC 134-138
Ugalde vs. Ysasi, GR 130623, February 29, 2008
14. Effects of dissolution
(a) Liquidation procedure, FC 102
Quiao vs. Quiao, G. R. No. 183622, July 4, 2012
(b) For cause other than death, FC 43 (2), 63(2),147; 148
 22

(c) Termination due to death, FC 103

Buenaventura vs. CA, G.R. No. 127358. March 31, 2005
Dino vs. Dino, GR 178044, Jan 19, 2011
Yu vs. Reyes-Carpio, GR 189207, June 15, 2011
15. For marriages before FC, FC 104 cf Art. 103 (3)
Delizo vs. Delizo, 69 SCRA 216
16. Support during ACP liquidation, FC 198, 100(1)
e) Conjugal partnership of gains
Belcodero vs. CA 227 SCRA 303
Sps. Estonina vs. CA G.R. No. 111547, Jan. 27, 1997
Quiao vs. Quiao, G. R. No. 183622, July 4, 2012
Orpiano vs Tomas, G.R. No. 178611, Jan. 14, 2013

1. When CPG commences and applies

(a) Marriages under FC, FC 107 cf. FC 88, FC 89
(b) Marriages before FC, FC 105(2) of FC 256

Castro vs. Miat, 397 SCRA 271

(c) When applicable, FC 105 of FC 74-76, 107, 88, 89

(d) Suppletory rules, FC 108 cf. NCC 1767-1768

2. What is excluded from CPG, FC 109

(a) Brought as exclusive property, FC 109(1)
Laperal vs. Katigbak, 10 SCRA 493
Francisco vs. CA, G.R. No. 102330, Nov. 25, 1998
Tan vs. Andrade, GR 171904, Aug 7, 2013

(b) Acquired by gratuitous title during marriage,

FC 109 (2) cf FC 113, FC 114, FC 115, NCC 1015
Veloso vs. Martinez, 28 Phil 255
Berciles vs. GSIS,128 SCRA 53, cf. FC 115

(c) Acquired by redemption/exchange, FC 109(3),

NCC 1601, 1619
Plata vs. Yatco, 12 SCRA 718
(d) Purchased with exclusive money, FC 109(4)
(e) Properties of parents
Laurena vs CA, GR 159220, September 22, 2008
3. Administration of exclusive property
 23

(a) By the spouse-owner, FC 110

(b) By the other spouse, FC 110(2); FC 142, 75, 227
` Veloso vs. Martinez, 28 Phil 255
Manotok Realty vs. CA, 149 SCRA 372
Ong vs. CA, 204 SCRA 297

4. Encumbrance/disposition of exclusive property, FC 111, amended by RA

10572, FC 112
Wong et al. vs. IAC 200 SCRA 792

5. What is included in the CPG, FC Art. 106, 117, 115, 118, 119,120
Titan vs. David, G.R. No. 169548, March 15, 2010
Imani vs. Metrobank, G.R. No. 187023, Nov. 17, 2010.
Dewara vs. Lamela, GR 179010, April 11, 2011
Lim vs. Equitable PCI Bank, G.R. No. 183918 Jan 15, 2014

6. What constitutes CPG

(a) Definition, FC 106
(b) Presumption of CPG, FC 116

Dewara vs. Lamela, GR 179010, April 11, 2011

De La Pena vs. Avila, G.R. No. 187490, Feb. 8, 2012
Quiao vs. Quiao, G. R. No. 183622, July 4, 2012

(c) What are included in CPG, FC 117, 115, 118, 119, 120
Villanueva vs. CA, 427 SCRA 439
Mendoza vs. Reyes 124 SCRA 154
Aguete vs. PNB, GR 170166, April 6, 2011

(d) If property bought by installments, FC Art. 118

Jovellanos v CA, G.R. No. 100728 June 18, 1992

(e) Credits due, FC 119

(f) Improvements on CPG property, FC 120
Munoz, Jr. vs. Ramirez, GR 156125, Aug 25, 2010
Padilla vs. Padilla, Oct 4, 1943
Padilla vs. Paterno, Dec 26, 1961
Coungco vs. Flores, 82 Phil. 284

7. Charges upon and obligations of CPG, FC 121, 122

Mariano vs. CA, 174 SCRA 59
 24

Ayala vs. CA, 286 SCRA 272

Ching vs. CA, 423 SCRA 356
Homeowners vs. Dailo, G.R. No. 153802, Mar 11, 2005
Ando vs. Campo, GR 184007, Feb. 16, 2011
(a) With consent
G-Tractors vs. CA, 135 SCRA 192
Ong vs. CA 204 SCRA 297
Ayala Investment vs. CA (February 12, 1998)
Security Bank vs. Mar Tiera Corp., G.R. No. 143382,
Nov. 29, 2006
Aguete vs. PNB, GR 170166, April 6, 2011

(b) Without consent

Costuna vs. Domondon, 180 SCRA 333

Carlos vs. Abelardo, 380 SCRA 361
Villanueva vs Chiong, GR 59889, June 5, 2008
Ravina vs. Villa-Abrille, GR No. 160708, Oct. 16, 2009
Fuentes vs. Roca, GR No. 178902, April 21, 2010

(c) personal debts, FC 122, RPC 108

People vs. Lagrimas, 29 SCRA 153
Pana vs. Heirs of Juanite, Sr. G.R. No. 164201, Dec 10, 2012

(d) winnings from gambling, FC 123

8. Ownership, administration and enjoyment

(a) Joint administration, FC 124 cf. FC 96, 142
Guiang vs CA, 291 SCRA 372
Roxas vs. CA 198 SCRA 541 [1991]
Docena vs. Lapesura, 355 SCRA 658
Alinas vs. Alinas, GR No. 158040, April 14, 2008
Aggabao vs. Parulan, G.R. No. 165803, Sept. 1, 2010

(b) Sole administration

(1) Incapacity, FC 124, 127, 253
Uy vs. CA, 346 SCRA 246
(2) Separation in fact, FC 100 (3), 127(3)
(3) Abandonment, FC 101, 128
(4) Pendency of legal separation proceedings, FC 61
Sabalones vs. CA 230 SCRA 79
 25

(c) Disposition and encumbrance, FC 97, 121, 124,125

Cheeseman vs. IAC 193 SCRA 93

Frenzel vs. Catito, G.R. No. 143958, July 11, 2003
Ravina vs Villa-Abrille, GR No. 160708, Oct 16, 2009
Siochi vs. Gozon, G.R. No. 169900, March 18, 2010
Fuentes vs. Roca, G.R. No. 178902, April 21, 2010
Aguete vs PNB, GR 170166, April 6, 2011
Flores vs Lindo, GR 183984, April 13, 2011

9. Effect of separation de facto, FC 127, FC 100 cf. FC 239

Noveras vs. Noveras, supra
10. Effect of abandonment, FC 128 cf. FC 101
Partosa-Jo vs. CA 216 SCRA 693
Noveras vs. Noveras, supra.

11. Dissolution of CPG, FC 126

(a) Death, FC 126 (1), 130
Heirs of Go vs. Servacio, GR 157537, Sept. 7, 2011
(b) Legal separation, FC 63 (2), FC 66
(c) Annulment and declaration of nullity, FC 50 in rel.to FC 43 (2)
(d) Judicial separation of property, FC 134-138
Ugalde vs. Ysasi, GR 130623, February 29, 2008
Noveras vs. Noveras, G.R. No. 188289, August 20, 2014

12. Effects of dissolution, FC 129

Tarrosa vs De Leon, GR 185063, July 23, 2009
Cabreza vs Cabreza, GR 171260, September 11, 2009

(a) Liquidation procedure, FC 129

Quiao vs. Quiao, G. R. No. 183622, July 4, 2012
Barrido vs. Nonato, G.R. No. 176492, October 20, 2014
Noveras vs. Noveras supra

(b) Cause other than death, FC 129; FC 43(2), FC 63(2)

(c) Termination due to death; FC 130, cf. FC 104

13. For marriages before FC, FC 131

14. Applicability of Rules of Court, FC 132
15. Support during CPG liquidation, FC 133
Santero vs. CFI, 153 SCRA 728
 26

f. Regime of separation of property

1. When applicable
(a) In the marriage settlements, FC 143-146. 75
(b) When mandatory, FC 103 & FC 130
(c) Reconciliation in legal separation, FC 66(2)
(d) Judicial separation of property, FC 134-146

Ugalde vs. Ysasi, GR 130623, February 29, 2008

Lavadia vs. Heirs of Luna, G.R. No. 171914, July 23, 2014
Noveras vs. Noveras, supra.

2. Property covered, FC 144

3. Administration

(a) By the owner-spouse, FC 145

(b) By the other spouse, FC 142, 101
(c) FC 100 (3); 101

4. Family expenses, FC 146

5. Conveyances between the spouses, FC 87, NCC 1490
6. Judicial separation of property
a. When possible, FC 134
Maquilan vs Maquilan, June 8, 2007
Lavadia vs. Heirs of Luna, G.R. No. 171914, July 23, 2014

b. For sufficient cause, FC 135, RPC 34, cf. FC 55 (10); 229(4), 231,
232
Ugalde vs Ysasi, GR 130623, February 29, 2008
Sales vs Sales, GR 174803, July 13, 2009
Noveras vs. Noveras, supra.
c. Effects of judicial separation of property
i. liquidation of CPG or ACP, FC 137 par. 1
ii. support pendente lite, FC 137 par. 2
iii. regime after JSP, FC 138 of FC 66 (2)
d. binding effect on third parties, FC 139-140; of FC 66(2)
Laperal vs. Katigbak, 116 Phil 672

e. Revival of property regime after JSP, FC 141 cf. FC 67, 135, 142
 27

7. Voluntary separation of property, FC 134, 136, FC 74-75

8. Transfer of administration of exclusive property, FC 142; FC 96; FC124

g. Property regime of unions without marriage

(1) Unions under FC 147, 6, 35, 36, 53, cf. NCC 144
Valdes vs. QC RTC, G.R. No. 122749, July 31, 1996
Carino vs. Carino, GR 132539, February 3, 2001
San Luis vs. San Luis, G.R. 133743, Feb. 2, 2007
Gonzales vs Gonzales, 478 SCRA 327
Diño vs. Diño, GR 178004, January 19, 2011
Salas, Jr., vs. Aguila, G.R. No. 202370, SEP 23 2013
Barrido vs. Nonato, G.R. No. 176492, October 20, 2014

(2) Unions under FC 148 of FC 50 in rel. to FC 49(2) and FC 50, 37, 38, and 44

Bienvenido vs. CA 237 SCRA 676

Agapay vs Agapay, 276 SCRA 340
Tumlos vs. Sps. Fernandez, G.R. No. 137650, Apr 12, 2000
Adriano vs. CA, 328 SCRA 738
Malilin vs. Castillo, 333 SCRA 628
Villanueva vs. CA, 427 SCRA 439
Atienza vs.de Castro,G.R. No. 1695698, Nov. 29, 2006
San Luis vs. San Luis, G.R. 133743, Feb. 2, 2007
Borromeo vs Descallar, GR No. 159310, Feb. 24, 2009
Heirs of Maramag vs De Guzman, GR 181132, June 5, 2009
Lacbayan vs Samoy, G.R. No. 165427, March 21, 2011 (see J.
Brion’s Separate Opinion)
Go- Bangayan vs. Bangayan, G.R. No. 201061, July 3, 2013
Lavadia vs. Heirs of Luna, G.R. No. 171914, July 23, 2014

16.THE FAMILY

a. Concept of family
FC 149, Constitution Art. II, Sec. 12 and Art. XV, NCC 220-221
b. Effects of family relationship on legal disputes
FC 150 - 151
NCC 2035
ROC Rule 16 Sec. 1(j)
RPC 20, 247 and 332
 28

Gayon vs. Gayon, 36 SCRA 104

Wainwright vs. Versoza, 26 SCRA 78
Magbaleta vs Gonong, 76 SCRA 511
Tribiana vs. Tribiana, G.R. No. 137359, Sept. 13, 2004
Hiyas Savings vs. Acuña, G.R. NO. 154132, August 31, 2006
Heirs of Favis, Sr. vs. Gonzales, et al., GR. No. 185922, Jan. 15 2014
c. Family home

1. What constitutes the family home, FC 152, 156, 69, 120, 118, 161
2. Who may constitute the family home, FC 152, 161
3. When deemed constituted, FC 153, 162
4. Beneficiaries, FC 154, 194-196, 199
Patricio vs. Dario, G.R. No. 170829, November 20, 2006

5. Exemptions, FC 155, FC 157, FC 160

6. Rights of creditors, FC 155, 160-161

Ramos vs. Pangilinan, GR 185920, July 20, 2010

Equitable vs. OJ Mark, G.R. No. 165950, Aug 11, 2010
De Mesa vs. Acero, G.R. No. 185064, January 16, 2012

7. When terminated, FC 153 compare with FC 159, 102 (9), 129 (9)

Arriola vs. Arriola, GR 177703, January 28, 2008

8. When may be sold, FC 158

Honrado vs CA, GR 166333, Nov. 25, 2005
Cabang vs Basay, GR No. 180587, March 20, 2009
Fortaleza vs Lapitan, GR 178288, August 15, 2012

17.PATERNITY AND FILIATION

a. Concepts of paternity, filiation and legitimacy, FC 163

b. Legitimate children
FC 164 cf. FC 165 in rel. to NCC 256-257,166, 167, 168 in relation to Republic Act No.
10655, An Act Repealing the Crime of Premature Marriage under Article 351 Of Act No.
3815, otherwise known as The Revised Penal Code, March 2015, FC 169

Angeles vs Maglaya, 469 SCRA 363

 29

SSS vs. Aguas, G.R. 165546, Feb. 27, 2006

Suntay vs. Suntay, GR 183053, October 10, 2012

1. Who are considered legitimate children

(a) Conceived during marriage cf. ROC Rule 131 Sec. 3(dd), FC Art. 168
in relation to Republic Act No. 10655, An Act Repealing the Crime of
Premature Marriage under Article 351 Of Act No. 3815, otherwise known
as The Revised Penal Code, March 2015

i. valid marriage
Arbolario vs. CA, G.R. No. 129163, April 22, 2003
Continental Steel vs. Montano, Oct. 13, 2009

ii. terminated marriage under FC 42 in rel. to FC 43(1)

iii. void marriages under FC 54
iv. voidable marriages, FC 45
Suntay vs. Suntay, GR 132524, Dec. 29, 1998

(b) Born during marriage, FC 164

(c) Conceived by artificial insemination cf. NCC 40, FC
164
(d) Adopted children, RA 8552, Sec. 17
(e) Legitimated children, 177, 178

2. Rights of legitimate children, FC 173-174

NCC 364, 374, 376; NCC 888, NCC 979
Moore vs. Republic, 8 SCRA 282
Naldoza vs. Republic, 112 SCRA 658
Ong vs. CA, 272 SCRA 725
Rep. vs. CA, 300 SCRA 138
Heirs of Basbas vs. Basbas, G.R. No. 188773, Sept 10, 2014

c. Proof of filiation

1. Of legitimate children, FC 172-173

Diaz vs. Court of Appeals, 129 SCRA 621, June 22, 1984
Tison vs. Court of Appeals, 276 SCRA 582, July 31, 1997
Trinidad vs. Court of Appeals, 289 SCRA 188, April 20, 1998
Heirs of Conti vs. CA, G.R. No. 118464, December 21, 1998
 30

De Jesus vs. Estate of Juan Gamboa Dizon, 366 SCRA 499

Aguilar vs. Siasat, G.R. No. 200169, Jan. 28 2015

2. Of illegitimate children, FC 175

Jison vs. CA, 286 SCRA 495

Heirs of Gabatan vs CA, GR 150206, March 13, 2009
Dela Cruz , et al vs. Gracia, G.R. No. 177728, July 31, 2009
Lucas v Lucas, G.R. No. 190710, June 6, 2011
Gotardo v Buling, GR 165166, August 15, 2012
Perla v Baring, GR 172471, November 12, 2012

3. Rights of illegitimate children, FC 176

4. Compulsory recognition, cf. RPC 345
People vs. Abella, G.R. No. 177295, January 6, 2010

d. Illegitimate children
1. Who are considered illegitimate
(a) under NCC
(b) under FC 165
Uy vs. Chua, G.R. No. 183965, September 18, 2009

2. Rights of illegitimate children, FC 173, 172, 175-176

Osmeña de Valencia vs. Rodriguez, 84 Phil 222
Briones vs. Miguel, 440 SCRA 455, October 18, 2004
Maramag vs De Guzman, GR 181132, June 5, 2009
De la Cruz vs Gracia, G.R. No. 177728, July 31, 2009
Manungas vs Loreto, GR 193161, August 22, 2011
Gotardo vs. Buling, GR 165166, August 15, 2012
Grande vs. Antonio, G.R. No. 206248, Feb 18, 2014
e. Action to impugn legitimacy
Reyes vs. Mauricio, G.R. No. 175080, November 24, 2010

1. Grounds, FC 166

(a) Physical impossibility of access

Andal vs. Macaraig, 89 Phil 165
Macadangdang vs. CA, 100 SCRA 73
Concepcion vs. CA, G.R. No. 123450, Aug. 31, 2005
 31

(b) Biological or other scientific grounds

A.M. No. 06-11-5-SC (RULE ON DNA Evidence)
FC 170, 171
Herrera vs. Alba, G.R. No. 148220, June 15, 2005
Estate v. Diaz, G.R. No. 171713, Dec. 17, 2007
Lucas v Lucas, GR No. 190710, June 6, 2011

c. FC 166(3)

2. Effect of a mother’s declaration, FC 167

Chua Keng Giap vs. IAC, 158 SCRA 18

3. In subsequent marriages, FC 168 in relation to Republic Act No. 10655, An Act

Repealing the Crime of Premature Marriage under Article 351 Of Act No. 3815,
otherwise known as The Revised Penal Code, March 2015
People vs. Quitoriano, January 20, 1997

4. Presumptions, FC 170, 171

5. Who may impugn, FC 170-171
Benitez-Badua vs. CA, 229 SCRA 468
Liyao, Jr. vs. Tanhoti-Liyao, 378 SCRA 563
Republic vs. Magpayo, GR 189476, Feb. 2, 2011

6. Prescription of action to impugn legitimacy

Gaspay vs. CA, 238 SCRA 163
f. Legitimated children
1. who may be legitimated, FC 177, RA 9858
Abadilla vs Tabiliran, 249 SCRA 447
2. How legitimation takes place, FC 178, FC 180
BBB vs. AAA, G.R. No. 193225, February 9, 2015

3. Retroactivity and effects, FC 180-181

4. Action to impugn legitimation, FC 182
5. Rights of legitimated children, FC 179

18. ADOPTION
Lazatin vs. Campos, 92 SCRA 250
Cervantes vs. Fajardo, 169 SCRA 575
R.A. 8552 (Domestic Adoption Law)
R.A. 8043, “The Law on Inter-Country Adoption”
A.M. No. 02-6-02-S.C. (Aug. 22, 2002)
 32

a. Requisites to be an adopter
1. Age and capacity required – Sec. 7
2. Husband and wife jointly – Sec. 7
Michelle Lim, GR 168992, May 21, 2009
3. Need for consent – Sec. 9
Landingin vs. RP, G.R. No. 164948, June 27, 2006
4. Aliens as adopters – Sec. 7 (b)
Republic vs. Toledano, 233 SCRA 9

b. Who may not adopt, Sec. 7

c. Who may be adopted, Sec. 8
d. Who may not be adopted
e. Effect of death, Sec. 13
f. Procedure in adoption
g. Effects of a decree of adoption

1. On status, Sec. 17
Bagayas vs. Bagayas, G.R. Nos. 187308, Sept. 18, 2013
2. On parental authority, Sec. 16
Tamargo vs. CA, 209 SCRA 518
Cervantes vs. Fajardo, 169 SCRA 575

3. On hereditary rights, Sec. 18; FC 189-190; Art. 39, PD 603, Rule 99,
Section 5 (See: Balane, Ruben, Jottings in Succession, [2016 ed.])

Bartolome vs. SSS, G.R. No. 19253, November 12, 2014

4. On name, NCC 365
In the Matter of Adoption of Stephanie Garcia, 454 SCRA 541
5. Others, Sec. 13

h. Rescission of adoption, Sec. 19

Lahom vs. Sibulo, G.R. No. 143989, July 14, 2003

1. by the adopted
2. by the adopter/s
3. effects of rescission, Sec. 20
19. SUPPORT
A. What comprises support, FC 194
B. Who are obliged to provide support, FC 195, 196, 197
 33

Pelayo vs. Lauron, 12 Phil 453

Sanchez vs. Zulueta, 68 Phil 110
De Asis vs. CA, G.R. No. 127578, Feb. 15, 1999
Rondina vs. People, GR 179059, June 13, 2012
Gotardo vs. Buling, GR 165166, August 15, 2012
Perla vs. Baring, GR 172471, November 12, 2012
Calderon vs. Roxas, G.R. No. 185595, Jan. 09, 2013

C. Source of support, FC 197-198, cf. FC 49, 70, 94, 121, 122

Lerma vs. CA, 61 SCRA 440
Reyes vs. Ines-Luciano, 88 SCRA 803
D. Order of support, FC 199, 200, 204
Mangonon vs. CA, G.R. No. 125041, June 30, 2006
Spouses Lim vs. Lim, G.R. No. 163209, October 30, 2009

E. Manner and time of payment, FC 200-204

Calderon vs. Roxas, G.R. No. 185595, Jan. 09, 2013

F. Amount of support, FC 200-208

Lacson vs. Lacson, G.R.No. 150644, August 28, 2006
Lim-Lua vs. Lua, G.R. Nos. 175279-80, June 05, 2013

G. Renunciation and Termination, NCC 2035; FC 194; NCC 152

H. Support pendente lite, FC 198; Rules of Court, Rule 61

I. Procedure in applications for support, Rule 61

20.PARENTAL AUTHORITY
A. Concept of parental authority, Art. II, Sec. 12, 1987 Constitution, FC 209, 211,
176, 226, NCC 356-363
Medina vs. Makabali, 27 SCRA 502, March 28, 1969
Unson vs. Navarro, 101 SCRA 183, November 17, 1980
Habeas Corpus Of Minor Shang Ko Vingson v Cabcaban, UDK No. 14817, January
13, 2014
Caram vs. Segui, GR 193652, Aug. 5, 2014

B. Transfer of PA, FC 210 cf. FC 223-224, FC 234, 217, 214, 49

Eslao vs. CA, 266 SCRA 317

 34

C. Who exercises PA, FC 211-213, 221 cf. FC 221, 49, 102(6), 43(2), 63(2), 176.
49, 102 (6), 129 (9)

Unson vs. Navarro 101 SCRA 183

Espiritu & Layug vs. CA, G.R. No. 115640 (1995)
Santos Sr. vs. C.A. G.R. No. 113054 (1995)
David vs. Court of Appeals, 250 SCRA 82, November 16, 1995

Tonog vs. CA, 376 SCRA 642

Briones vs. Miguel, G.R. No. 156343, Oct 18, 2004
Gualberto vs. Gualberto, G.R. No. 154994. June 28, 2005
Grande vs. Antonio, supra
D. Substitute parental authority
, FC 214, 216, FC 217, 233
Rep. Act No. 10165, Foster Care Act of 2012

Vancil vs. Belmes, 358 SCRA 707

E. Special parental authority
FC 218-219, FC 233
cf. FC 221 in rel. to NCC 2180, FC 236
Cybercrime Prevention Act, RA 10175, September 12, 2012

St. Mary’s Academy vs. Carpitanos, G.R. No. 143363 Feb 6, 2002
Child Learning Centre vs. Tagario, GR 150920, Nov. 25, 2005
School of the Holy Spirit vs. Taguiam, GR 165565, July 14, 2008
Aquinas School vs. Inton, GR 184202, January 26, 2011

F. Effect of parental authority over the child’s person

FC 220 - 224

Cuadra vs. Monfort, 35 SCRA 160

Rosales vs. People, G.R. No. 173988, October 8, 2014

R.A. 7610, The Child Abuse Law

G. Effect of parental authority over the child’s property
FC 225-227, RA 9231, Secs. 12-B and 12-C

Hebron vs. Loyola, G.R. No. 168960, July 5, 2010

Neri vs. Heirs, GR 194366, October 10, 2012
H. Suspension or termination of parental authority
 35

I. Permanent termination, FC 228, 232, cf. RA 6809

J. Non-permanent termination, FC 229 cf. FC 193

Secs. 16 and 19, RA 8552 re: parental authority and revocation

of adoption

K. Suspension of PA, FC 231-230, 233

Chua vs. Cabangbang, 27 SCRA 791

De Guzman vs. Perez, 496 SCRA 474

L. Revival

See: R.A. 8369, “An Act Establishing Family Courts, Granting Them Exclusive
Original Jurisdiction Over Child and Family Cases.”
See: R.A. 7610, “Child Abuse Act”
21. Solo parents - RA 8972
22. EMANCIPATION - RA 6809
a. Cause of emancipation FC 234 as amended
b. Effect of emancipation FC 236 as amended cf. FC 15, NCC 2180

23. SUMMARY JUDICIAL PROCEDDINGS IN THE FAMILY CODE

Arts. 238-253, 100(2), 127(2), 41, 51, 69, 73, 96, 124, 217, 225

24. USE OF SURNAMES

NCC 364-380
RA 6085 – regulating the use of aliases, August 4, 1969
RA 9255, FC 176
Llaneta vs. Agrava, 57 SCRA 29
Telmo vs. Republic, 73 SCRA 29
Tolentino vs. CA, 162 SCRA 66
Legamia vs. IAC, 131 SCRA 479
Change of Name, Wang, G.R. No. 159966. March 30, 2005
Remo vs. DFA, March 5, 2010
Gonzaludo vs. People, G.R. No. 150910, February 6, 2006
Dapar vs. Biascan, 439 SCRA 179
Limson vs Gonzalez, GR 162205, March 31, 2014
25. CIVIL REGISTRAR
NCC 407-413
ROC, Rule 108
RA 9048, as amended by RA 10172
 36

Barretto vs Local Civil Registrar, 74 SCRA 257

Republic vs. Valencia, GR L-32181, March 5, 1986
Republic vs. Marcos, 182 SCRA 223
Labayo-Rowe vs. Republic, 168 SCRA 294
Zapanta vs. Registrar, 237 SCRA 25
Leonor vs. Court of Appeals, 256 SCRA 69
Silverio vs. RP, G.R. No. 174689, October 22, 2007
Rep. vs. Cagandahan, , G.R. No. 166676, Sept. 12, 2008
Dela Cruz vs. Gracia, G.R. No. 177728, July 31, 2009
Braza vs. The Registrar, G.R. No. 181174, December 4, 2009
Baldos vs. CA, G.R. No. 170645, July 9, 2010
Corpus vs. Sto Tomas, G.R. No. 186571, August 11, 2010
Republic vs. Magpayo, GR 189476, Feb. 2, 2011
United Clan vs. Sabellano, GR 186722, June 18, 2012
Republic vs. Uy, GR 198010, Aug. 12, 2013
Iwasawa vs Gangan, G.R. No. 204169, SEP 11, 2013
Republic vs. Olaybar, G.R. No. 189538, February 10, 2014
Onde vs. Office of The Local Civil Registrar, G.R. No. 197174, Sept 10, 2014