Chapter 06:

PROJECT TIME MANAGEMENT

Project Time Management Reference
PMBOK 5E: Ch – 6
Page: 141

Project Time Management includes the processes required to manage

the timely completion of the project

6.1 Plan Schedule Management

6.2 Define Activities
6.3 Sequence Activities
6.4 Estimate Activity Resources
6.5 Estimate Activity Durations
6.6 Develop Schedule
6.7 Control Schedule

Presented by: Md. Tohid Been Mannan,

PMP®
Scheduling Overview Reference
PMBOK 5E: Ch – 6
Page: 144

Presented by: Md. Tohid Been Mannan,

PMP®
Plan Schedule Management Reference
PMBOK 5E: Ch – 6
Page: 145

What? process of establishing the policies, procedures, and

documentation for planning, developing, managing, executing, and
controlling the project schedule.
Why? it provides guidance and direction on how the project schedule
will be managed throughout the project.

Presented by: Md. Tohid Been Mannan,

PMP®
Plan Schedule Management: Output Reference
PMBOK 5E: Ch – 6
Page: 148

Schedule Management Plan

Aspects
•Project schedule model development
•Level of accuracy
•Units of measure
•Organizational procedures links
•Project schedule model maintenance
•Control thresholds
•Rules of performance measurement
•Reporting formats
•Process descriptions
Presented by: Md. Tohid Been Mannan,
PMP®
Define Activities Reference
PMBOK 5E: Ch – 6
Page: 145

What? process of identifying and documenting the specific actions to be

performed to produce the project deliverables.
Why? to break down work packages into activities that provide a basis
for estimating, scheduling, executing, monitoring, and controlling the
project work.

Presented by: Md. Tohid Been Mannan,

PMP®
Define Activities: Tools and Techniques Reference
PMBOK 5E: Ch – 6
Page: 151

•Decomposition is a technique used for dividing and subdividing the

project scope and project deliverables into smaller, more manageable
parts.
•Rolling wave planning is an iterative planning technique in which the
work to be accomplished in the near term is planned in detail, while the
work in the future is planned at a higher level.

Presented by: Md. Tohid Been Mannan,

PMP®
Define Activities: Output Reference
PMBOK 5E: Ch – 6
Page: 151

•The activity list is a comprehensive list that includes all schedule

activities required on the project.
•Activity attributes extend the description of the activity by identifying
the multiple components associated with each activity.
•A milestone is a significant point or event in a project. A milestone list
is a list identifying all project milestones and indicates whether the
milestone is mandatory,

Presented by: Md. Tohid Been Mannan,

PMP®
Define Activities: Output Reference
A PM’s book of Forms

Presented by: Md. Tohid Been Mannan,

PMP®
Sequence Activities Reference
PMBOK 5E: Ch – 6
Page: 153

What? the process of identifying and documenting relationships among

the project activities.
Why? it defines the logical sequence of work to obtain the greatest
efficiency given all project constraints.

Presented by: Md. Tohid Been Mannan,

PMP®
Sequence Activities: Tools and Techniques Reference
PMBOK 5E: Ch – 6
Page: 156

Precedence Diagramming Method

..a technique used for constructing a schedule

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PMP®
Sequence Activities: Tools and Techniques Reference
PMBOK 5E: Ch – 6
Page: 156

Dependency Determination

Dependencies may be characterized by the following attributes

•Mandatory dependencies
•Discretionary dependencies
•External dependencies
•Internal dependencies

Presented by: Md. Tohid Been Mannan,

PMP®
Sequence Activities: Tools and Techniques Reference
PMBOK 5E: Ch – 6
Page: 158
Leads & Lags

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PMP®
Sequence Activities: Outputs Reference
PMBOK 5E: Ch – 6
Page: 159

A project Schedule Network Diagram is a graphical representation of the

logical relationships, also referred to as dependencies, among the project
schedule activities.

Presented by: Md. Tohid Been Mannan,

PMP®
Estimate Activity Resources Reference
PMBOK 5E: Ch – 6
Page: 160

What? the process of estimating the type and quantities of material,

human resources, equipment, or supplies required to perform each activity.
Why? It identifies the type, quantity, and characteristics of resources
required to complete the activity which allows more accurate cost and
duration estimates.

Presented by: Md. Tohid Been Mannan,

PMP®
Estimate Activity Resources: Output Reference
A PM’s book of Forms

Presented by: Md. Tohid Been Mannan,

PMP®
Estimate Activity Duration Reference
PMBOK 5E: Ch – 6
Page: 160

What? the process of estimating the number of work periods needed to

complete individual activities with estimated resources.
Why? it provides the amount of time each activity will take to
complete, which is a major input into the Develop Schedule process.

Presented by: Md. Tohid Been Mannan,

PMP®
 Estimate Activity Durations: Tools and Techniques Reference
PMBOK 5E: Ch – 6
Page: 170-171

•Analogous estimating: Generally less costly and less time consuming

•Parametric estimating: uses a statistical relationship between historical
data and other variables
•Three-Point Estimating :This concept originated with the program
evaluation and review technique (PERT).
• Triangular Distribution tE = (tO + tM + tP) / 3
• Beta Distribution tE = (tO + 4tM + tP) / 6
•Reserve Analysis
Contingency reserves associated with the “known-unknowns”
Management reserves intended to address the “unknown-unknowns”
Presented by: Md. Tohid Been Mannan,
PMP®
Develop Schedule Reference
PMBOK 5E: Ch – 6
Page: 172

What? the process of analyzing activity sequences, durations, resource

requirements, and schedule constraints to create the project schedule
model.
Why? by entering schedule activities, durations, resources, resource
availabilities, and logical relationships into the scheduling tool, it
generates a schedule model with planned dates for completing project
activities

Presented by: Md. Tohid Been Mannan,

PMP®
Develop Schedule Reference
PMBOK 5E: Ch – 6
Page: 172

What? the process of analyzing activity sequences, durations, resource

requirements, and schedule constraints to create the project schedule
model.
Why? by entering schedule activities, durations, resources, resource
availabilities, and logical relationships into the scheduling tool, it
generates a schedule model with planned dates for completing project
activities

Presented by: Md. Tohid Been Mannan,

PMP®
Develop Schedule: Tools and Techniques Reference
PMBOK 5E: Ch – 6
Page: 176

Critical Path Method

Presented by: Md. Tohid Been Mannan,

PMP®
Develop Schedule: Tools and Techniques Reference
PMBOK 5E: Ch – 6
Page: 177
Critical Path Method

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PMP®
Develop Schedule: Tools and Techniques Reference
PMBOK 5E: Ch – 6
Page: 178
Critical Chain Method

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PMP®
Develop Schedule: Tools and Techniques Reference
PMBOK 5E: Ch – 6
Page: 179-180

Resource Optimization Techniques

Resource leveling: Critical Path

may change

Resource Smoothing: Critical

path unlikely to change

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PMP®
Develop Schedule: Tools and Techniques Reference
PMBOK 5E: Ch – 6
Page: 179-180

Modeling Techniques

•What-If Scenario Analysis: What-if scenario analysis is the

process of evaluating scenarios in order to predict their effect,
positively or negatively, on project objectives. This is an analysis
of the question, “What if the situation represented by scenario ‘X’
happens?”
•Simulation involves calculating multiple project durations with
different sets of activity assumptions, usually using probability
distributions constructed from the three-point estimates to
account for uncertainty. E.g. Monte-Carlo simulation

Presented by: Md. Tohid Been Mannan,

PMP®
Develop Schedule: Tools and Techniques Reference
PMBOK 5E: Ch – 6
Page: 181

Schedule Compression & Scheduling Tool

Schedule compression techniques are used to shorten the schedule

duration without reducing the project scope, in order to meet schedule
constraints, imposed dates, or other schedule objectives.
•Crashing: works only for activities on the critical path
•Fast tracking: may result in rework and increased risk
•Automated scheduling tools contain the schedule model and expedite
the scheduling process by generating start and finish dates based on the
inputs

Presented by: Md. Tohid Been Mannan,

PMP®
Develop Schedule: Outputs Reference
PMBOK 5E: Ch – 6
Page: 181

Project Schedule

The Project Schedule is an output of a

schedule model that presents linked
activities with planned dates, durations,
milestones, and resources.
•Bar charts. These charts, also known as
Gantt charts,
•Hammock Activity:
•Milestone charts
•Project schedule network diagrams

Presented by: Md. Tohid Been Mannan,

PMP®
Control Schedule Reference
PMBOK 5E: Ch – 6
Page: 185

What? the process of monitoring the status of project activities to

update project progress and manage changes to the schedule baseline to
achieve the plan.
Why? it provides the means to recognize deviation from the plan and
take corrective and preventive actions and thus minimize risk.

Presented by: Md. Tohid Been Mannan,

PMP®
 THANK YOU!!!

Presented by: Md. Tohid Been Mannan,

PMP®