CONTENT JEE Syllabus Definition Equation of Circles Position of a Point with respect to a Circle Tangents and Normals Chord of Contact Radical Axis Family of Circles External and Internal Contacts of a Circle Common Tangents to Two Circle Answers to Exercises Formulae & Concepts at a Glance Solved Problems Subjective Objective Chapter Practice Problems ‘Subjective Objective Assignments PART-A PART-B Answers to CPP and Assignments wd ab 10 oot 223 23 125, 1032, Scanned with CamScannerCIRCLE Sylabes Equation of a cirele in various forms, parametric representation of circle, intersection of a circle with a straight line, Equations of tangent and normal. Equation of a circle through the points of intersection of two circles and that of a circle and a straight line. A circle is the locus of a point which moves in such a way that its distance from a fixed point is constant. The fixed point is called the centre of the circle and the constant distance, the radius of the circle. Equation of the Circle in Various Forms (i) The simplest equation of the circle is x? + y*= r? whose centre is (0, 0) and radius‘. (i) The equation (x—a)? + (y -b)?= ? represents a circle with centre (a, b) and radius r. The equation x? + y? + 2gx + 2fy + ¢ = O is the general equation of a circle with centre (-g, ~f) and (iv) Equation of the circle with points P(x:, yi) and Q(xz, ya) as extremities of a diameter is (X= x1)( = x2) + (Y= Ys) ~ ye) = 0. Equation of a Circle under Different Conditions Condition Equation 0 ue both the axes with centre (a, a) and ener radius qi) the x-axis only with centre (a, a) and rol + Que} <0? (iii) ea the y-axis only with centre (a, B) and (ical + epee? (iv) Passes through the origin with centre ($ $) + x +y?-ax-By =0 and radius Taagacsim Copnllons PH, 57 Kets Sool Svoptva Vt New De of” enqury@megacormeognlons com ‘webite wirw megocosmcogniions.com Scanned with CamScannerESE MA.CIR: Parametric Equation of a Circle The equations x = a cos6, y = a sin 0 are called parametric equations of the circle x2 + y= a? and 6 ig Called a parameter. The point (a cos 0, a sin 6) is also referred to as point 0. The parametric coordinates of any point on the circle (x ~ h)? + (y —_k)?= a2 are given by (h + a cos0, k + a sin0) with 0 <0 < 2a, Mustration 1: Find the centre and the radius of the circle 3x? + 3y? — 8x — 10y + 3=0. Solution: 0 We rewrite the given equation as x? + y?— Hence the centre is (33) and the radius is 3°3 BS. sf 9°98 e3" Mustration 2: Find the equation ofthe circle with centre (1, 2) which passes through the point (4, 6). The radius of the circle is (4-1)? + (6-2) = \25 Hence the equation of the circle is (x~ 1)? + (y— 2)? =25 x4 2x Ay= 20, Solutior Mlustration A circle has radius 3 units and its centre lies on the line y = x — 1. Find the equation of the circle ifit passes through (7, 3). Solution: —_Let the centre of the circle be (a, f).Itlies on the line y= x => B=a~1. Hence the centre is (a, a~ 1). => The equation of the circle is (xa)? + (y-a +17 =9, It passes through (7, 3) = (7-0)? + (4~a)?= 9 = 20? 220 + 56=0 = a? — 11a +28 =0= (a-4)(a-7)=0>0=4,7 Hence the required equations are x2 + y2 — 8x ~ 6y + 16 = O and x? + y?— 14x — 12y + 76=0. Mustration 4: Find the equation of the circle whose diameter is the line joining the points (~4, 3) and (12, -1). Find also the intercept made by it on the y-axis. Solution: The equation of the required circle is (x + 4)(x = 12) + (y-3) (y +1) =0. On the y-axis, x= 0 => ~48 + y?-2y-3=0 = y?=2y-5120— y=1+ 52 Hence the intercept on the y-axis = 2/52 = 473. Mlustration 5: Find the equation of the circle passing through (1, 1), (2, —1) and (3, 2). egocorm Coprtons Ps, 57. Raw Sra Savoptva Vr, New bel-IG07, mal: enquyeneporcomcopnons com me “webslle : www.megacosmcognitions.com ee Scanned with CamScannerI [aces Solution: _Let the equation be x? + y? + 2gx + 2fy += 0. Substituting the coordinates of three points, we get Solving the above three equations, we obtain: = 112; 9 = -5I2,¢= 4, Hence the equation of the circle is Xt y-Sk-y+4=0, The Position of a Point with respect to a Circle The point P(xs, yi) lies outside, on, or inside a circle S =x? + y? + 29x + 2fy + c= 0, according as Siexi? + yi? + 2ox1 + fyi te =or<0, Exercise 1, Prove that the radif of the circles x? + y? = 1, x? + y*~ 2x- 6y— 28 + y?— dx — 12-9 = Oarein AP. Find the equation of the circle whose centre is (3, ~1) and which cuts off an intercept of length 6 from the line 2x — 5y + 18 Ify = 2x isa chord of the circle x? + y? - 10x = 0, find the equation of a circle with this chord as diameter. Discuss the position of the points (1, 2) and (6, 0) with respect to the circle xi + y?— a+ 2y—11=0. Equations of Tangents and Normals (Equation of the tangent to x2 + y? + 2gx + 2fy +0 = O at A(Ks, ys) is 201 + yys + glx + x3) + fly + ys) +0=0. (i) The condition that the straight ine y = mx + c is a tangent to the circle x? + y* =a? Is o? = a? (1 +m?) and the point of contact is (~a’m/c, a/c) ie. y= mx + av/1+ m? is always a tangent to the circle x? + y? = a? whatever be the value of m. The joint equation of a pair of tangents drawn from the point A(x, ys) to the circle x2+ y2+ 29x + 2fy + 0= Dis T?= SS1 where T = wertyyrtglx + x1) #1 + ys) +e Si ax? + yi + Qgxi + Qlyi +e and Sax?+ y+ 2k + 2fy +c, (iv) The equation of the normal to x? + y+ 2gx + 2fy + ¢=O at (x:, ys) on the circle is. Xo% YOM %+9 yitf! Note that the normal passes through the centre of the circle. In particular, equations of the tangent and the normal to x? + y? = a? at (xs, ys) are var + yy = 2% and = respectively. x OM (V)___ The equation of the chord of the circle S = 0, whose mid-point is (x, ys) is T= St. (vi) The length of the tangent drawn from a point (xt, ys) outside the circle S = 0, to the circle is /S, Coenen RS ER Taro Servapiya Vihar New Deti-1I007, nal engubyamegacosmeegntions.com om Cogntons Pi 837 ale Neve “et ‘website ; www megacosmcognitions.com Scanned with CamScanner[ances CIM Chord of Contact From a point P(xs, ys) two tangents PA and PB can be drawn to the circle. The chord AB joining the poins Of contact A and B of the tangents from P is called the chord of contact of P(xs, y:) with respect to the Circle. Its equation is given by T = 0. Mustration 6: Find the equation of the circle whose centre is (3, 4) and which touches the jing x4 tay=4, Solution: Let r be the radius of the circle. Then - . = distance of the centre ie. point (3, 4) from the line 6x + 12y = 1 ee -1|_ 62 J25+144| 13 2 62 Hence the equation of the required circle is (x - 3 + (y— 4)*= (3) 2 381 att yt Gx By + TS =O. Mlustration 7: Find the co-ordinates of the point from which tangents are drawn to the circle x? + y?— ~ 4y + 3 = 0 such that the mid-point ofits chord of contact is (1, 1). Let the required point be P(x, yi). The equation of the chord of contact of P with respect to the given circle is 2H + yt — (x + x1) — ZAy + ys) + a ‘The equation of the chord with mid-point (1, 1) is X+y—3KC + 1)—2y + 1)+3=141-6-443 a oxrty=3. Equating the ratios of the coefficients of x, y and the constant terms and solving for xs, y1 yi=0. Solutio: a) Prove that the tangent to the circle x? + y? = 5 at the point (1, -2) also touches the circle x? + y? — 8x +6y + 20= 0 and find its point of contact. (i) Find the equation of the chord of the circle x? + y? - 4x = 0 which is bisected at the point (1, 1). (iil) The equations of two circles are x? + y? + 24x + 5 = 0 and x? + y? + 2y+ §=0. Pis any point on the line x - y = 0. If PA and PB are the lengths of the tangent from P. to the circles and PA=3 then find PB. (iv) Prove that chord of contact of the pair of tangents to the circle x? + y? = 1 drawn from any point on the line 2x + y = 4 passes through a fixed point. Also, find the coordinates of that point. eee Radical Axis The radical axis of two circles is the locus of a point from which the tangent segments to the two circles are of equal lengths. ‘Megacosm Cogntons Pvt id, 87, Kaly Seal. Sorvoptva Vir, New Dei 110017, Enaa enaunyemenecoumcognlonrco™™ webste: www.megecosmeogntions com Scanned with CamScannerESTES [wars I PEE Equation of the Radical Axis In general, S ~ S'= 0 represents the equation of the Radical Axis to the two circles i.e. 2x(g- 91) + 2y(f—f) + ¢—c’ = 0 where S =x? + y?+ 2gx + Ay += Oand Siax?+ yi + 29x + 2fy+c'=0 () ff $ =0 and S' = 0 intersect in real and distinct points then S — S' = 0 is the equation of the common chord of the two circles. (i) If $= O.and S = 0 touch each other, then $ ~ S'= Dis the equation ofthe common tangent to the two circles at the point of contact. 5 ‘Common I» Common tangent chord Properties of the Radical Axes The radial axis of two circles is perpendicular to the line joining the centres. C2 The radical axis of three circles taken two at a time are concurrent and the known as the radical centre. The radical axis of two circles bisects their direct common tangents. If two circles cut a third circle orthogonally, then the radical axis of the two circles will pass through the centre of the third circle. point of concurrency is Family of Circles () WSaxt+ y+ 2ox+ Diy +07 O and S'axt+ y+ 2g Zfy + c= 0 are two intersecting circles, then $ +25" = 0, 2 # 1, is the equation of a family of circles passing through the points of intersection of S = 0 and S' = 0. IS 2 x? + ¥ + 2gx + Ay + c= 0 is a circle which Is intersected by the straight line = ax+ by + ¢ =O in two real and distinct points, then S + hy = 0s the equation of a family of Circles passing through the points of intersection of S = 0 and w = 0. touches § = 0 at P, then S + Au = Os the equation of a family of circles, each touching n=OatP. (ii) The equation of a family of circles passin vwaitten in the form. @ 1g through two given points (x1, yi) and (x2, y2) can be kK. y | Gx xie—xa)+ Vy =¥) +7) Yh Y= Whereis a parameter Ke Ye (iv) The equation ofthe family of circles which touch the line y ~ yr = mx =) at (6, ys) for any value of mis (xx)? + (Y— Ys + Ally — ys) KK — XA] = O- The two circles are said to intersect orthogonally ifthe angle of intersection of the circles |e. the angle between their tangents at the point of intersection is 90°. $e en ee TTT ed egiyeaeCOCNTNENECOM ‘egacorm Cogations Pt. ‘webu: worm megaceumcognon.c Scanned with CamScanner[axes Mssacesm Counitons Pv te The coneition for the two circles to cut each other orthogonally is 2ggs + 2 Feta Where (4, +) and (-g;, -f1) are the centres of the respective circles, S = 0 and S: = 0, Mustration 8: Find the equation ofthe circle described on the common chord of the circles X2 + 84x —5 = O and x? + y?+ By +7 =O as diameter Solution: Equation of the common chord is $1 ~ S2= 0 =x+2y+3=0, Equation ofthe circle through the two citcles is Si + 2S2= 0 4, By, The rery4t yy BY | MH5 Lg ONT Tea? tek Its centre (& #) tes onx+ 2y +3=0 Tk Te, 2 & 2B 4. -8.43+3i=0 2451. > py t950 a2 mies Hence the required circle is x? + y2— 2x + 4y + 1=0. Mustration 9: The line Ax + By + C= 0 cuts the circle x? + y? + ax + by += Oin P and Q The line AX + Bly +0’ = 0 cuts the circle x?+ y?+ ax + by + c= 0 in Rand S. IP, Q, RS are la-a’ b-b’ c~c! Conoyclic, prove that} A BC A op oo Solution: The equation of the circle through the first line and the first circle, ie. through P and Qis XP + y+ ax + by +6 + A(Ax + By +C)=0, (1) The equation of the circle through R and S is XP +yP+ ax t by +0 + AAAK+ BY +0) =0, (2) Since P, Q, R, $ are concyciic, (1) and (2) are identical a+yA b+yB c+A,c FHA DnB oF e = hA- tal +a 24B —22B'+b—b’ AC —A2C' + e-c' = 0. la-a’ bb’ cc! Eliminating 1 and2z,weget} A Bc | =o, AB Mustration 10: Show that the circle Passing throug x? + y? — Qarx — 2bry + cr Kety? x y % a bf=0. c & by igh the origin and cutting the circles = O and x? + y? — 2aox — 2bay + ce = 0 orthogonally is New Detl-110017 Emall: engueyemegacosmcegnsons com ‘webste: war mepecosmeegniions cept Scanned with CamScannerESSE [_ waAciRT Cees Solution: —_Let the equation of the circl x2 + yP + 2ax + fy = 0, cuts the given two circles orthogonally = ~2gas — 2fbs = c= 1 + 2gay + 2fb: = 0 and ~2gaz— 2fbz = c2=> ca + 2ga2 + 2fba = 0. le passing through the origin be Eliminating 2f and 2g from (1), (2) and (3), we get fe circle on the chord xcosa+ ysina~ p __ diameter is x? + y? — a? — 2p (xcosa + ysina- p) = 0. (i) Tangents PQ and PR are drawn to the circle x? + y* = a? from the point P(x, yi). Prove that equation of the circum circle of APQR is x?+y*- xxs— yyi= Find the equation of the circle through the intersection of the circles of the circle x*+ y*= a? as x +? — Bx 2y+7=0 and x? + y?— 4x + 10y + 8 = 0 and passing through the point (~1, -2). (iv) A circle passes through (2, 1) and x + 2y = 1 is a tangent to it at (3, -1). Find its equation. External and Internal Contacts of Circles If two circles with centres Ci(xs, ys) and C2{xz, y2) and radii ry and re respectively, touch each other externally, CiC2 = 11 + t2. Coordinates of the FX +O HY2 + Ys hth | hth point of contact are A The circles touch each other internally if CrC2 = rire. Coordinates of the point of contact are T pn {Xe TeX Wet h-h | Gok IMustration 11: Examine whether the two circles x? + y? — 2x —4y = 0 and x? + y?~ By ~ 4 = 0 touch each other externally or internally Solution: Let C1 and C2 be the centres of the circles. => Cx(1, 2) and C2(0, 4). Let rs and rz be the radii of the circles = y= 18 and 12 = 2N5, Also CiCe= 144 = V5 But rs + r2 = 3V5 and r2—r1 = V5 = CxCa, Hence the circles touch each other internally Mustration 12: Find all the common tangents to the circles x* + y? - 2x - 6y + 9 = 0 and x2 + y? + Ox —2y + 1=0. Tau Taal tavaptya Vier New Defi 110017, mal enqutyemegacosmeognifons.com ‘rebite www megacosmeognlions.co ‘Megocou Cognion | Scanned with CamScannerSTE Sinn Solution: The centres and the radii ofthe circles are Ci (1, 3) and r, = V149—9 =1, CA{-3, 1) and fy = V9+1-1=3, C102 =V20 114 te =4= VIB and CxC2> Fi + ra Sence the circles are non-intersecting. Thus there will be four common tangents, ‘Transverse common tangents are tangents drawn from the point P which divides C12 intemally in the ratio of radii 1 : 3. Direct common tangents are tangents drawn from the point Q which divides C: C2 extemally in the ratio 1 : 3. Coordinates of P are (SHE. ay and coordinates of Q are (3, 4), ‘Transverse tangents are tangents through the poin(o, Ary tn through (0, Js vB m 5 = may Se0 mays Applying the usual condition of tangency to any of the circle, we get 3 mi-3+5 ‘and as coefficient of m?is ‘Zero. ‘Therefore from (1), y5 2 F = m= and-3-5%=0 isa tangent and 3x + 4y ~ 10 = Ois another tangent, Direct tangents are tangents drawn from Now proceeding as for transverse tanger 4, &x-3y=0. the point Q(3, 4), nts their equations are Common Tangents to Two Circles @ 10017, Ema: enqurySmegecoamcognllonscom Scanned with CamScannerCEs (i) The transverse common tangents also me et on the line of centres and divide it internally in the ratio of the radii Notes: a a a ‘When one circle lies completely inside the other without touching, there is no common tangent. When two circles touch each other internally 1 common tangent can be drawn to the circles. When two circles intersect in two real and distinct points, 2 common tangents can be drawn to the circles, o ‘When two circles touch each other extemally, 3 common tangents can be drawn to the circles. Q When two circle neither touch nor intersect and one lies outside the other, then 4 common tangents can be drawn, Exercise 4; Find the number of common tangents to the circles. () x+y? + 2x + By- 23 = Oand x? + y- 4x- 10y + 19=0, (i) x24 -4= 0 and x'+ y*- 6x- By- 240. ‘enquly@megacormcognilons com Scanned with CamScannerSo ANSWERS TO EXERCISES Exercise 1: () 38+ 6x4 2y-28=0 Gl) Ry 2x-ay=0 () (4,2) inside; (6, 0) outside Exercise 2: 0 @-) (i) x-y=0 (i) paz say 7) (b A Exercise 3: () 9 + 972 sOx + Tey 7129 (1) 382+ 372294 4y +350 Exercise 4: 1} 3 Wy 4 Scanned with CamScannereS CESS MMT IU as CNS es Equations of the ci le in various forms The simplest equation of the circle is x? + y2 = Q The equation (x - a)? + (y-bye= The equation x? whose centre is (0, 0) and radius r. represents a circle with centre (a, b) and radius r. + y? + 2gx + 2fy +¢= Cis the general equation of a circle with centre (-9, -f) and radius /g? +f? —¢. Equation of the circle with points P(x:, and Q(xz, y) as extremities of a diameter is aka) * ey geo, "2 208 0%) The equation of the circle through three non-collinear points P(xs, yi), Alea, y2) and (Ks, ys) is Ray x y 4 KP ty? x yy 1 a + Ye" Xe Yo 1 Wei +¥s? 3 ¥y 1 irametric Equation of a Circle: The equations x = a cos0, y = a sind are called parametric equations of the circle x?+ y= a? and 0 is called a parameter. The point (a cos 8, a sin 8) is also referred to as point 0. The parametric coordinates of any point on the circle (xh)? + (y -k)? =a? are given by (h + a cos®, k+a sind) with 0.<0<2n. Point with respect to a Cirele : The point P(x, y1) lies outside, on, or inside a circle S = x? +y? + 2gx + 2fy + 0=0, according as St =x1? + yi? + 2gx + Ziyi te> = oF <0. Equations of Tangents and Normals : If S = 0 be a curve then Si = 0 indicate the equation which is obtained by substituting x = x: and y = ys in the equation of the given curve and T = 0 is the equation which is obtained by substituting x? =», y* = ys, 2xy = xys + yxs, 2x =x + xs, 2y = y + ys in the equation S =O Saxe + yo + 2x + Ay + c= 0 then Saxe + yi? + 2gn + yr + oc, and Te xxrtyys + 9 xt) + fly +1) #0. (Equation of the tangent to the circle x? + y? + 2gx + 2fy + c= O at A(x, ys) is xs + yys + (x + x1) + fly + ys) += 0. Q The condition that the straight line y = mx + ¢ is a tangent to the circle x? + y? =a? is 2 = a%(1 + m?) and the point of contact is (-a’mlc, a4%c) ie. y = mx + avt+m? is always a tangent to the circle x? + y? = a? whatever be the value of m. Q The joint equation of a pair of tangents drawn from the point A(x1, yi) to the circle x24 y? + gx + ly + 0= Vis T?=SS:. The equation of the normal to the circle x? + y? + 2gx + 2fy + c= 0 at any point (xs, ys) lying on The equation of the chord of the circle S = 0, with mid point (x, ys) is T The length of the tangent drawn from a point (x, y:) outside the circle 0, is /S. j fal Savona Vor To bate, wma mepeconmecognion or 17 enguryarnegacoumcogitions com TMegacosm Cogntion Pv Scanned with CamScannerTET Megacosm Cogy ey [__waciniz I ms Pvt Le Locus of point of intersection of two mutually perpendicular Sia Pas save Scalled ion of director circle is given = 2a, Circle, For circle x? + y? = a?, equation of direct Agra of contact: From a point Px, yi) two tangents PA and PB a d the chord of ne ye AB joining the points of contact A and 8 of the tangents from P is called the of PG with respect to the circle. Its equation is given by T = 0. Faeal Axis: The radical axis of two circles the locus of a point from which the tangent segments to the {wo circles are of equal length, director hors Ot, ya) Equation to the Radical Axis : In general S - $= 0 ‘epresents the equation of the Radical Axis to the typ Giles ie. 2x(g-g") + 2y(f-f") + 0-0 =0 where S P+ y+ 2gx + 2fy + c=0 and Stax tyte2g% + 2Fy + Family of circles F WS axt+ y+ 29K + 2fy +6 = 0nd S 22+ P+ gx + ay +0 = are two intersecting circles, then S + 2S! = 0, 4 + -1, is the equation of the family of circles passing through the points of intersection of S = 0 and $' = 0, O's @ circle which is intersected by the straight line i= ax + by+e nts, then S + 24. = Os the equation of the family of circles Passing through the points of intersection of § = 0 and ''H=O touches S = 0 atP, then + au = ig {he equation of the family of circles, each touching = 0 at P, The equation ofthe family of circles Which touch the line y - OF mis (=a) (y= ys)? + Ally -ys) sfx ~ x1] = 0. If mis infinite, (P+ YH)? + 2K =H) = 0, Condition for two circles S M(x - x3) at (xs, ys) for any value the equation is and Sr= 00 cut each other orthogonally is 29g; + 2ffy = ces External and Internal Contacts of Circles 1 {Mo circles with centres Ci(xs, ys) and C2lx2, yz) and radii ry and te the pain oY, touch each other extemally, then oy 2 "+t. Coordinates of the point of contact are = A -(& +X He +h, - The circles touch h ae, att } Sieles touch each eer intemal if CC ey * Fa Coordinates ofthe point of contact are = (tare, Mes) fF cary 2 Common Tangents to Two Circles (@) The direct common tangents to two circles Sentres and divide it externally in the ratio of (©) The transverse common tangents a centres and divide it internally Remarks: ') When two circies do not intersect il) When two circles touch each other externally, 3 commo Ii) When two circles intersect each other, two ‘common tar iv) When two circles touch each othe ternally 1 commor ¥) When a circle ie completely inside the othe, Gircl "0 meet on the line of in the ratio of the radi or touch, 4 common tangents can be drawn, m tangents can be drawm to the circles. 'ngents can drawn to the circles. " tangent can be drawn to the circles, '®:n0 any common tangents can be drawn wine ne OT. nak Sa onncom ‘ebste worm megaconmcogntin 7 EON ae Scanned with CamScannerSeis SOLVED/PROBLEMS Problem 1: Solution: Problem “Megocoam Cogntions PU, 7, Kal 5 Two circles each of radius 5 units touch each other at (1,2). If the equation of their 0. ‘common tangents 4x + 3y the equations of the two circles. The radius of the required circle is 5 units. ‘The two circles touch each other externally, at the mid point of the line joining their centres. ‘Also, we know that the radical axis 4x + Sy = 10 and the line joining the centres are Perpendicular to each other. , 3 Hence, slope of AB stand =. (where AB is the line joining the centres). Mid point of ABis (1, 2). Hence the two centres, A and B, are obtained by using the parametric form. Red 4x+3y=10 ml and y =2(25)+2. Hence the centres of the required circles are Cs = (5, 5) and C2 = (-3, -1). We get the equations of the circles as (x -5)? + (y—5)?= 25 and (x +3) + (y + 1)? = 25. Alternative Solution: ‘The equation of the family of circles touching the line 4x + 3y — 10 = O at the point (1, 2) is (x= 1)? + (y—2) + A(4x + 3y- 10)=0 orx? + y2 + 2x(2—1) + a -2) + (6-102) =0. Since its radius is 5 units, Sh_ 5) z . (a ap+ (F-2] -6-10)= 25-32 Hence the required circles are (x= 1)? + (y— 2)? # 2(4x + 3y - 10)=0 or (x + 3)? + (y + 1)? = 25 and (x— 5)? + (y— 5° = 25. ‘The abscissae of two points A and B are the roots of the equation x? + 2ax- b? = 0 and their ordinates are the roots of the equation x? + 2px — q? = 0. Find the equation and the radius of the circle with AB as diameter. Taal Svepive Vier New Deb 110017, Emot enquryémegacosmcognions.com Syebite : wine megacormeognlons.com Scanned with CamScannerESTES [wait Solution: Let the given points A and B be A = (x1, ys), B = (x2, y2) => Xt + x2 = —2a and xix2 = —b?, Also ys + yo = -2p and yry2 = -q?, Equation of the circle is (x — x1) (x — x2) + (y- ys) (y — yz) =0 SP = (rt xa + xaxe + y?— (ys + aly + yry2 =O =x + Dax — b+ y2+ 2py— q?= 0 =x? + y? + 2ax + Qpy—b?— q?=0. Radius = a? +p? +b? +q?. Problem find the equation of the circle with centre on the line 2x + y = 0 and touching 4x ~3y + 10=0, 4x -3y—30=0. Solution: Since the two lines are tangents 2x +y=0 to the given circle and they are parallel, we have S16 Vat +B? 10 +30 ie+9 Note: We know that f ax + by + c= 0 and ax + by + ¢’ are two parallel tangent lines to 2 circle, then equation of the line parallel to given lines and passing through the centre is given by crc! + by+ £4 ax by 4x-3y+10=0 Radius = 4x-3y-30=0 A 7 = 4 units Hence the centre of the circle ies on 4x - 3y- 10= 0. Also the centre lies on 2x + y= 0. Hence the coordinates of the centre are (1, ~2), = The equation of the circle is (x ~ 1)? + (y + 2} 6. Problem 4: One of the diameters of the circle circumscribing the rectangle ABCD is 4y = x +7. IA and B are (~3, 4), (6, 4), find the area of the rectangle. Solution: Let O(h, k) be the centre of the circle = (h+3)?=(h-5F D h? + 6h+9=n?— 10h +25 001, 2) = 16h = 16 =>h= t= k=2so that OB = (1-5) +(2-4)* = G44 = (5 = 5 (sh) 6.4 Let E be the mid-point of AB. Then Eis (1, 4) = OE=2>AB and BC =4 = Area =4 8 = 32.59, uni Alternative Solution: ‘The side AB is along the line y = 4 and mid-point of AB is E (1, 4). = The centre of the circumscribing circle lies on the line x = 1. The centre also lies on the line 4y #x+7 => the centre of the circle is (1, 2). EC syaxe7 Tw. td 57, Koly Sel Srvopriva Vihar, New DeDi-110017, Emel cogukyamegacomcoprmon com a a ee Scanned with CamScanneresse MA-CI Derk Hence AB = 8 units and BC = Area of the rectangle ABCI units. x8 = 32 sq. units Problem 5: Find the locus of the mid-points of the chords of the circle x? + y? ~ 2x ~ 6y ~ 10 = 0 which ass through the origin. Solution: Let (h, k) be the coordinates of the mid-point, Equation of the chord whose mid point is (hk) is xh + yk= (+ h) = 3y + k) 10 =h? + k2= 2h - 6k 10. (using T = Si) le. RP+ IE — hoc + 2)—K(6 + y) +x +h + 3y + k= O. This chord passes through the origin (0,0). Hence ht +k@—h 3k = 0, Hence the required locus is x? + y®— x 3y = 0. Alternative Solution: Slope (ms) ofthe chordis 2 ‘Slope (m2) of the perpendicular to the chord is ks where (1, 3) is the centre of the given circle. But mimz=~1 = h?+ Kh 3k= 0. Hence the required locus is x? + y?—x—y = 0. Problem 6: The centre of the circle S = 0 lies on the line 2x — 2y + 9 = 0 and S = 0 cuts orthogonally the circle x? + y? = 4, Show that S = 0 passes through two fixed points and find their coordinates. Solution: Let the circle S = 0 be represented by x2 + y2 + 29x + ly += 0. Its centre is (-9, -f) = %-g)-2(-4)+9=0 = 2g-21=9, O} The circle S =0 cuts the circle x? + y2— 4 = 0 orthogonally. Hence 2g(0) + 2f(0) = ¢— 4 so that Saxt+y?+ (9+ 2+ Ay+4=0 xP + y+ OK +44 D+ y) =O. This passes through the points of intersection of xty=Oandx?+y2+Ox+4=0 Hox? + (xe +9x+4=0 3 D8 + OK +4 = 0-2 x=—112,-4 Fed por ore 5, 3) and (-4, 4). Problem 7: Find the equation of the circle through the points of intersection of the circles x? + y? — 4x Gy — 12 =O and x? + y? + Gx + 4y — 12 and cutting the circle x? + y?— 2-4 =0 orthogonally. Solution: The equation of the circle through the intersection of the given circles is x2 + 2 — 4x — By — 12+ (10x ~10y) = 0 ea(A) where the equation of the radical axis is 10x —10y = 0 for the circles ‘eaoccum Conon FU 7. Kal Sa sap Vr, New Dei NGO Eat enqayeegacoimcogMions com Wwebsie wns megacormeognliens com eee Scanned with CamScannerIeee Problem 8: Solution: Problem 9: Solution: hegaconm Comrasons Pt Lid 0. ie ytncby-12 = 0andxt + 6x4 4Y— 1 Equation (1) ca ve rearanged = 2+ y— x( 107. + 4) -y(10%. + 6) — 7 e lnnsal te crder + y°-2— - is (1.08 ‘The condition of orthogonality is 29g¢ * 21 = 6° C% Hence 2(57. + 2X1) + 2(57.+3)(Q)=-12-4 = Hence the required arc is x2 + y2 Ax By 12 -2(-10x ~ 104) = 0 je, x24 y? + 16x + 14y- 12-0. ungents from the point AL3, ngents. Its contre is (5%. * 2 2) to the circle x? + y? = 4 and Find the equations of the ta f hence find the angle between the pair of ta ‘The equation of the pair of tangents from (3, 2) is give" by Te= SS = (3x + 2y-4) = 02 + 419 44-4) ie, Ox? = dy? + 16 + 1Daey — 16y ~ 24 x= S14 97°26 = By + 2ax + 16y- 12xy-52=0. Here OP = Also AP = \9+4-4 =3 = tana= ein 2tana tan? a Hence tan@ = tan2a = = 413 _12 (419) 5” Alternative Solution: mx +2\n? =1 is tangent to the given circle for all m. tt passes through A (3, The fine 2), so that 3m + 2m? +4 or bn? 2m = 0=m=00rm=2, Hence the required tangents are y = 2 and Sy = 12x — 26. Obviously, the angle between this pair of tangents istan* (2) ‘The chord of contact of the circle x* + y? = b? is generated by a poi it point on the circle x? + y?= 2? and the chord of contact touches the circle x? + y? = ©. Prove that a, b, care inGP. The line y= mx +evt+m? (1) touches the circle x? + y? = c? for all m. Let (a cos8, a sin8) be a point on x? + y2 point with respect to the circle x? + y? = bis ax cos0 + ay sind = b?, (2) Since (1) and (2) represent the same line acose_ bP * The equation of the chord of contact of the a sind = - m cvt+m Scanned with CamScannerEs ice TS => m= -cot0 and b? = acvi+m? sino => a, b, careinG.P. Problem 10: A circle of constant radius ‘r’ passes through the origin and meats the coordinate axes al Points A and B respectively. Find the locus of the centroid of triangle OAB, ‘0’ being the origin Solution: Let the circle bex? + y+ 29x + 2fy =0 We have, g?+f =e Putting x= 0 and y=0 in succession in the ‘equation of the given circle, we get y? + 2ty = 0, x? + 2gx=0 = A= (-29, 0),B=(0, Let P(h,k) be the centroid of A OAB = 3h=~2g and 3k=-2f =e Smee P+ = The) a xteye ge is the required locus. Alternative Solutio: Let A (a, 0) and B (0, 'b) be the points where the circle of radius r meets the coordinate axes. The centroid of AOA 2 %). Since ZAOB = 90?, the centre of the circle is the ie (3. 3). Point of the line segment AB ye ty er Sate bea 4? oye ‘Megacoum Cogniions Pi Ud, 57, Kalu Seal Sarvapriva Vihar, New Deh -1H00V. Emote ngurySrmegacommcogniions comm ‘webite: ww megacesmcogntion.com ee Scanned with CamScannerProblem 1: Solution: Problem 2: Solution: Problem 3: Solution: Problem 4: Solution: [_wacinte | (ea ax+by=ab A,B,C, Dare the points of intersection with the coordinate axes of the lines and bx + ay= ab. Then (A)A.B, C, D are concyclic (@) A.B, C, D forms a parallelogram {C)A.B,C, D forms a thombus (0) none of these ‘The coordinates of A.B, Cand D are A (b, 0), B(0, a) Cla, 0) D(0. >) Since OA. OC = OB. OD = ab, A, B, C, D are concyciic. Hence (A) is the correct answer. = 0 intersect in two distinct points If two. circles (X-1)24{y-3)? = 7 and x24y*-Bx+2y+8 then (ay22 Let d be the distance between the centres of two circles of radii r+ and re. These circle intersect at two distinct points if [rire | <0 < rte. Hote th radi ofthe two circes are rand 3 and cistance between the centres S 5. Thus, |1-3| <5<1+3 = -22 2 2<1<8 Hence (A) is the correct answer. Ife circle passes through the pont (a,b) and cuts the circle x*+y* = K* orthogonally then the equation ofthe locus ofits centr (A) 2axt2by-(a?#b?K2) = 0 (B) 2ax+2by-(a?-b?+?) = 0 (C) xy Bax-dbyH(aeb@K2)= 0 (D) xy? 2ax-Sdy+(a?-bHIC) = 0 Let the equation of the circle through (a, b) be x2 y+ 2gx + 2ty #0= 0 (4) mate bet 2ag+2bf+c=0. 2) Since (1) cuts x2 + y?= k* orthogonally, 2g.0+21.0=c-K= coke Putting ¢ = Kin (2), we get 2.ag + 2 bf + (a?+b?k2) = 0 so that the locus of the centre (-g, ~f) is = 2ax ~ 2by + (a®+ b?+ k?) = O oF 2 axt2 by — (a?+ be+ ke Hence (A) is the correct answer, Ifthe lines 2x - 3y - 5 = 0 and 3x — 4y = 7 are diam it Units, then the equation of the circle is Stes of a clio of area 184 square (A) x2+ y?+ 2x - 2y - 63 (C)x?+ y?-2x + 2y-47=0 (@)x8sy2+ 24-29-47 =0 (0) x?+ 2x + 2y-62=0 Ee eae a required fas = at the point of intersection of the lines 2x-3y-5 = 0 ~7= 0. Thus, the coordinates of dius oer a the centre are (1, ~1). Let r be the radius of 1A = 154. = 164-9 127, 1d, 67. Kal Seal Savaptve Vi ‘ebite: warmegeconmeognien aerate era 'cogritons com rye Scanned with CamScannereee Hence, the equation of the required circle is (AP + (HIPs Pa xeeyeoxt2y-47 = 0, Hence (C) is the correct answer. Problem 5: — The common chord of x?+ y?— 4x — dy = 0 and x?+ y? = 16 subtends at the origin an angle equal to x (A) Es ¢ é (B) A x (Cc) = = o> oF Solution: The equation of the common chord of the circles x°+ y?— 4x — 4y = 0 and x°+ yF= 16is x+y = 4 which meets the circle x°+ y?= 16 at points A(4, 0) and B(0, 4). Obviously OALOB, where O is the origin. Hence the common chord AB makes a right angle at the centre of the circle x2+ y?= 16 Hence (D) is the correct answer. Problem 6: The equation of the circle whose diameter is the common chord of the circles XP+y%+ 3+ Dy + 1= O and x? y+ 3x + dy +2=Ois (A) x2+ y?+ Bx + 10y+2=0 (8) 2+ 5x + 4y+7=0 (C) 22+ 2y?+ 6x + 2y+1=0 (0) none of these Solution: The equation of the common chord of the circles x2 + y?+ 3x + 2y + 1=0 and x24 y+ 3x + dy + 2=0is 2y +1=0. (Using S:-S2 = 0) The equation of a circle passing through the intersection of xttyt3xt2y+1 = Oand xy23xedy+2 = is (xPhy*Sxt yet) + Axy24Sxtdyt2) = 0 > seep 222) ay (22) -40 +1 aed) had (1) Since 2y + 1 = Osa diameter of this circle, therefore its centre ( a ral + 343K 2a) lies 2a+1 wo3yeteoia-2(24) =A -2 +2400 5-S=1 25-11. Putting 2 = ~1/3 in (1), the equation of the required circle is 2x?42y"*6x+2y+1 = 0. Hence (C) is the correct answer. Problem 7: Equation of a circle with centre (4, 3) touching the circle x+ y?= 1 is (A) x?+ y?— 8x - 6y-9=0 (B) x+ y?- 8x - 6y + 11=0 (C) x2+ y?— 8x - 6-11 =0 (0) x2+ 8x —6y + 9=0 Solution: Let the circle touching the circle x+y? = 1, be x#y?-8x-6y+k = 0. The equation of the common tangent is 8x + 6y = 1-k=0. Tegoccrm Gopnilon Pv, 67, Kal: facl Sorvptva Vihar, New Defi -I00I7, fmol enquyemegacoumcognions com ‘webite: ware megacosmcogniion.com See Scanned with CamScannerees Problem 8: Solution: Problem 9: Solution: Problem 10: Solution: [_ma-cin-20 Drea This is a tangent to the circle x+y? = 1. ket 18? +6 ‘Therefore the circles are x%+y?-8x-6y+9 = 0 and x+y* 8x-6y-11 = 0. Hence (C) and (D) are correct answers. Skt = Hence +1 If the tangent at the point P on the circle x? + y? + 6x + By = 2 meets the straight line 5x — 2y+6= 0 at a point on the y-axis, then the length, of PQis (aya (25 5 35 “The line 5x — 2y + 6 = O meets the y-axis at (0, 3). We have now fo find the length of the tangent from Q (0, 3) to the given circle. Hence Pa= ¥0+3?+0+6x3-2=5 Hence (C) is the correct answer. “The number of common tangents that can be drawn to the circles x*+y*-4x-6y-3 = 0 and xeey+2x42y+1=0 iS at @)2 (©)3 (4 The two circles are Pty? 4x-6y-3 = O and xy22xt2y+t = 0 , 3), Co =(-1, -1) 4,24 We have, Ci Cz = 511 + rz, therefore there are 3 common tangents to the given circles. Hence (C) is the correct answer. ‘The tangents drawn from the origin to the circle x*+y*-2rx-2hyth? = 0 are perpendicular it (Ayh=£2r (B)h=tr (C)reehe= 1 () none of these ‘The combined equation ofthe tangents drawn from (0,0) to xy 20-2 hy + h?= Os (x+y? — 2 mx-2 hy + h’)h? = (1x — hy +h?) ‘This equation represents a pair of perpendicular straight lines if the coefficient of x? + coefficient of y? = 0 ie. 2h?-P—h? = 0 = =h? orr=sh. Hence (B) is the correct answer. — ‘Megacoum Cogniflons Pa, 57, Kalv feol Savoprve Vie New B Se i -11017, ra enqutySmepoconmcopallonn com website : www.megacosmcognitions.com a vm Scanned with CamScanner aCG NTT Te eat aixe) sea Hh 1. 6. 10. A circle touches two adjacent sides of a rectangle AB and AD at : points P and Q respectively. Third vertex C of the rectangle lie it Si inochod Pdis Find each caager® lena ot PoPendeuar fem vrei Find the locus of the mid- point of the chord of the circle x? + y* = a* which subtends a 90° angle at point (p, 4) lying inside the circle. Consider to curves ax? +4xy+2y?+x+y+5=0 and ax’ +6xy+5y* +2x+3y+8=0. These two curves intersect at 4 concyclic points. Find ‘a. Let Sy =x? +y* ~4x~8y +4 =0 and S, be its image in the line y = x, find the equation of circle touching y = x at(1, 1) and its radical axes with Sz passes through the centre of Ss. A circle Cs is drawn having any point P on x-axis as its centre and passing through the centre of the circle C: x? + y?= 4. A common tangent to C1 and C intersects the circles at Q and R respectively. Then, Q(x, y) always satisfies x?=, then find the value of 2. The equation of the circle whose two diameters are the lines x + y= 4 and x —y = 2 and which passes through (4, 6) is (A) x2 +y? -6x-2y-16=0 (B) x? +y? -Gx-2y =15 (c) x? +y? =0 (0) 507 +y*)- 4 ‘The locus of the centre of circles touching the y-axis and circle x? +y? 2x =0 externally is (A) x? =4y (B)x? = -4y (©) y?=4x (0) y? = -4x ‘The locus of the mid-point of a chord of the circle x? +y? =16which subtends a right angle at the origin is xeay?—4y+2=09" sat +2ax x? +y? =16 (A) x2 +y? =8 (B) 4? =4 () x+y?=2 (D) None of these If the chord of contact of tangents from a point P(h, k) tothe circle x? +y* =a? touches the 2, then locus of Pis circle x? +(y-a) = (8) (a) y? =a? - 2ax (C) x? =a? +2ay (D) x? =a? ~2ay , “ 2 ‘The angle between tangents from the origin to the circle (x-7)° +(y +4) =25 is x B) = Ws ®@s (0)0 x (5 Spal Tn tral ereunyermegacomeognon com SSS Na Fav Soa et ncopman Te Scanned with CamScannereee 1. 12. 13. 14, 15, Cee Two circles x? +y? = 6 and x? + y? —6x-8 = Oare given. The equation of circle through their points of intersection and the point (1, 1) is (A)x? +y? -6x4+4=0 (B) x? +y? +3x-5=0 (C)x?-y?- 6-450 (0) None Ifline y + x = 2 do not intersect any member of circles x? + y? — ax = 0 at two distinct point where ais parameter, then maximum value of [a + 4] is (A) 42 (8) 2v2 (C) 82 (0) none of these ‘Tangents are drawn to the circle x? +y* = 10 at the points where it is meet by the circle x? +? +4x—3y +2 =0.. The point of intersection ofthese tangents is 5 -10 5 10 (ay (8, =10 ees) wl 7) (53) of ofe’-3) the line éx.+ my = 1 touches the circle x"+y’=a2, Then the point (£, m) lies on the circle. (A) a%(x2+ y2) = 4 (B) a(x?+ y4) = 3 (C) ator + y4 (D) a(x + y= 1 ‘The members of a family of circles are given by the equation 2(x? + y2) + ax — (1422)y-10 = 0. ‘The number of circles belonging to the family that are cut orthogonally by the fixed circle x2+y? + 4x+6y+3= (a2 (co 1 (O) none of these Thegoccrm Cogitions PL Ud, 57 Ko Scanned with CamScanneriss ret oe Tens 1.() qi) 20 3.0 w 6.()) wo a) i) 10. PART-A Level-1 Find the locus of mid. point (3, 7). Find the value of for which the line px + ay +r=00 touches the circle x2 + y2= a2. points of the chords to the circle (x ~ 3)° + (y - 2)® = 1 passing through the Through the origin chords are drawn to the circle (x - 1)? + y?= 1. Find the equation of the locus of the mid points of these chords. Find the locus of the middle points of the chords of the circle 4x2 + 4y2 subtend an angle of a atts centre, 12k + 4y + 1 = 0 that The tangent from P to the circle x? + y?= 1 is perpendicular to the tangent from P to the circle x? + y?= 3, Show that the locus of P is a circle. If the tangents be drawn to the circle x? + y= 12 at its points of intersection, with the circle x? + y?— Sx + 3y 2 = 0, find the coordinates of the point of intersection of the tangents. Find the equation of the circle which passes through the origin, has its centre on the line x +y=4, and cuts the circle x? + y®— 4x + 2y + 4 = 0 orthogonally. AB is the diameter of a circle, CD is a chord parallel to AB and 2 CD = AB. The tangent at B meets the line AC produced at E. Prove that AE = 2AB. Show that the locus of a point such that the ratio of its distances from two given points is constant, is a circle. Hence show that the circie cannot pass through the given points. Ifa straight line through C(—V8, V8) making an angle of 135° with the x axis cuts the circle x = 5 0s 0, y= 5 sin 6, in points A and B, find the length of the segment AB. Find the locus of the point of intersection of tangents to the circle x = acos @, y = asin 0 at the points whose parametric angles differ by () n/3, (i) w/2. Let 2x? + y?-3xy = 0 be the equation of a pair of tangents drawn from the origin O to a circle of radius 3 with centre in the first quadrant. If A is one of the points of contact, find the length of OA. A variable chord is drawn through the origin to the circle x? + y? — 2ax = 0. Find the locus of the centre of the circle drawn on this chord as diameter. Prove that the circle x? + y? + 2gix + 2fry + cr will bisect the circumference of the circle x2 + y+ 2gox + fay + co = Oif 2aalgi ~Ga) + 2hlhs fa) + 62 ~c A variable circle passes through the point A (a, b) and touches the x-axis. Show that the locus of the other end of the diameter through A is (xa)? = 4by. rconm Copnllos PU. #7, Kou Sarai Servoptva Vior, New Deh 110017, Erol enquty@megaccrmcogntions com ieee mia ‘rebate wna megocenmcogntions com nn - Scanned with CamScanner_Soe [mace] Level - Il 1.) Find the area of the triangle formed by the tangents from the point (4, 3) to the circle x? + y? = g and the length of the line joining their points of contact. wy (. |. 2, 3, 4 are 4 distinct points on a circle, then show that m1 .mz .ms .ma= 1, 2, The circle x* + y? = a cuts off an intercept on the straight lie Ik + my = 1 which subtends an angle of 45° at the origin. Show that a°(I? + m2) = 4-22. 3. Find the coordinates of the points at which the circles x? + y? - 4x - 2y = 4 and x2 + y?— 12x ~ By = 12 touch each other. Find the equation of the common tangent at the point of contact. 4. Let A be the centre of the circle. x? + y? — 2x - 4y - 20 = 0. Suppose that the tangents at the Points B (1, 7) and D (4, -2) on the circle meet at the point C. Find the area of the quadrilateral ABCD. 5. Show that the equation x? + y?— 2x - 2ay 8 = 0 represents for different values of ‘aa system of Circles passing through two fixed points A, B on the x — axis and find the equation of that circle of the system, the tangents to which at A, B meet on the line x + 2y + 5 = 0. 6, Find the locus of the mid-point of chord of the circle x? + y? = 9 such that segment intercepted by the chord on the curve y? - 4x —4y = 0 subtends the right angle at the origin. 7. Two coneentric circles have centres at (1, 2) and radii r and 2r. The circle x? +y? +2x-7y-2=0 cuts these circles such that the common chord with one of the circles is a tangent to the other. Find the equation of both the circles. 8 For the circle x? + y? = r2, find the value of for which the area enclosed by the tangents drawn from the point P (6, 8) to the circle and chord of contact is maximum. 9. Find out the number of such points (a+, /3a) where a ¢ Z lying inside the region formed by the circles x? + y? ~ 2x - 3 = 0 and x? + y?— 2x - 15=0. 40. Let P be any moving point on the circle x? + y2- 2x= 1. AB be the chord of contact of this point with respect to the circle x? + y? - 2x = 0. Find the locus of the circumcentre of the triangle CAB. C being the centre of circle. Ta Copalion Pe Ud 57, Kaw Sa Sorpiva Vina, New Deh T1007, Erol enaoryemesocomeosnnons co” Mesor ‘webste: wwrw megacesmcagnlions. com at Scanned with CamScanner10. "1 [__wacreas SE PART-B Multiple Choice Questions (Single Option Correct) Level -1 Consider triangle ABC with AB = 3 units, AC = 7 units, B = (0, 0) and C (3, 4). The possible ‘equation of the altitude of the triangle drawn through A, is (A) & - By + 15=0 (8) & + 8y- 15=0 (C) 6+ By +15=0 (0) 8x + 6y+15=0 The angle between the tangents drawn from origin to the circle (x - 7)? + (y + 1° = 25is (A) 8 (8) v6 (C) 03 (0) 2 i 3 To which of the following circles is the line y x + 3 = 0 normal at the point (+% 3) 2 2 V2. merged» lg) b- (0)? + y-3"=9 (0) «3 +y?=9 The length of the tangent from (2, 1) to the circle x? + y?+ 4y + 3= is (A) 6 (8) Viz (6 (0) 12 The equation of the circle having centre on the line x + 2y ~ 3 = 0 and passing through the Of intersection of the circles x? + y? — 2x - 4y +1 = O and x2 + y2— 4x — 2y + 4 =O i (A) x? + y?-3x+4=0 (8)x2+ 2-6 +7=0 (C)x? + ?-2x-2y+1=0 (0)x2+ y?+2x—4y+4=0 If a circle passes through the point (1, 2) and cuts the circle x? + y? = 4 orthogonally, then the equation of the locus of the centre is (A) 2 + y?— 3x -8y + 1=0 (8) x? + y?-2x-6y-7=0 (C) 2x+4y-9=0 (0) 2x + 4y— =0is Which of the following is a point on the common chord of the circle x? + y? + 2x — 3y + 6 = 0 and xP +y?+x—By— 13 = 0? (A) (1,4) (8) (1,~2) () (1,-4) (0) (1, 2) The number of common tangents to the circles x? + y2-x=Oandx?+y2+x=0is , (A)2 (B)1 (c)4 (0)3 The circles x2 + y? — 12x - 12y = 0 and x? + y?+ 6x + 6y=0 (A) intersect in two points (B) touch each other externally (C) touch each other internally (D) none of these The centre of a circle is (3, 1) and it makes an intercept of a 6 units on the line 2x ~ Sy + 18= 0, The equation of the citcle is (A) x2 + y?— 6x - 2y -28 (B) x? + y? + 6x — 2y +28 (C)x? + y+ 4x—2y + 24=0 (D) x? + y? + 2x -2y-12 The straight line 3x + 4y = 20 and the circle x? + y2= 16 (A) touch each other (8) intersect at two distinct points (C)neither touch nor intersect in two points (D) none of these ‘Megacorm Gognilons Pvt Ud, 67, Kalu Sool Sorvoprva Vitor, New Del -TIOD7, Emad: enqutyemegacormcagenerscom ‘webule: www megacosmeognlions com ee Scanned with CamScannereen ees 12. 13, 14. 15, 1 of the circle on AB as 24 yt 2x = 0is AB. Equi The intercept on the line y = x by the circle x" yt B= DISAB ES diameter is 2eytexty Aye ylexty=0 eyes ere ey Opes very ifthe oles x¢ + y? + 2c + 2ky +6 = 0 and wat yet aky +k =0 intersect orthogonally then k equals (A) 2or-92 @) oa (C)2or 3/2 (0) -2 oF ngent to the circle ‘Area of the triangle formed by the positive x-axis and the normal and ta x2+ y= 4 at the point (1, 13 ) is ass (28 (v3 If the distances from the origin of the centre in GP., then the lengths of the tangents drawn to tt arein (8) GP. (0) none of these dix - P= 0 (i= 1, 2, 3) are circles x2+ 2+ Ot int on the circle x2+ y?= 2 them from any poi (AAP. (CH (D) none of these Level - Il The locus of the centre of a circle of radius 2 which rolls on the outside of the circle x2+ y+ 3x— 6y—9 = 0is (8) x2+ 2+ 3x-6y-31 =0 (A) xt+ 2+ 3x6 +5 =0 oy xe yee ox oy + 2 = 0 (0) none of these The circle described on the line joining the points (0, 1), (a, b) as diameter cuts the x-axis at points whose abscissae are roots ofthe equation (A) 2+ ax + b=0 (8) x-axt (C) x?+ ax— (D) x*-ax— Four distinct points (2K, 3K), (1,0), (0,1) and (0,0) lie on a circle for (A) all integral values of (8)0 25 (D)3 x+y? <9 ‘The radius of the circle passing through the point (6,2) and having x + y = 6 as its normal and x+2y= 4 asits diameteris (ay10 (8) 2v5 (c)5V2 (0) 45 "Mepocarm Cogrlons Pvt Ud. 7. Kelu Soro Srvapya Vitor, New DeBl 10017 Emel: enquty@megacormcognlons com eae ‘rebate www magocosmeogniions com a Scanned with CamScannerESTE [——wacie2e Msacos Coan 18. 19, 20. 4, 6. om The locus of the mid points of the chords of the circle x+y"+4x-Gy-12 = 0 which subtends an angle of z/3 radians at its centre is, (A) (« + 2)% (y —3) (C) + 27+ yay Tangents OP and ©Q are drawn from the origin ‘O' to the circle x?+ y?+ 2gx + 2fy + ¢=0. Then the equation of the circumcircle of the triangle OPQ is (A) x2+ y2+ 29x + afy = 0 (B) x2 + y?+ gx + fy=0 (C)x2+ y?—~x—fy=0 (0) 2+ y— 2gx — fy = 0 oreslore of the tangent at the point (h,h) of the nd rtry?=a? is. (8) (-1 (D) depending on h ‘Multiple Choice Questions (Multiple Options Correct) The equations of the common tangents of the circle x2 y2- 2x — 6y+ 9 = 0 and x2 + yt 6x —2y +12 Oare (A) x=0 (8) () y=0 (0) The equation(s) of the tangent at the point (0, 0) to the circle, making intercepts of length 2a and 2b units on the coordinate axes, is (are) (A) ax+by=0 (8) ax—by=0 (C)x=y (0) none of these = 0 parallel to 3x - 4y +7 =0is If the equation of the tangent to the circle x2+ yé — 2x + By — ‘3x — 4y + |k| = 0, then the values of k are. (AS (8)7 (©)-7 ()-5 If (a, 0) is a point on a diameter of the circle x+y? =4, then x?— 4x — a? =0 has (A) exactly one real root in (~ 1, 0) (8) exactly one real root in [2, 5) (C) distinct roots greater than ~ 1 {D) distinct roots less than 5 The equation(s) of the tangent at the point (0, 0) to the circle, making intercepts of length 2a and 2b units on the coordinate axes, is (are) (A) ax+by=0 (B) ax-by=0 (C)x=y (0) None of these The slope of the chord of contact from the point (k, ~ k) of the circle x2 + y2 = a? (A) is independent of k (8) depends on k (C)is equal to 1 (O)none of these Numerical Based Type The circles x?+ y+ x-+y= 0 and x34 y*+ x—y = intersect at an angle of 2, then kis equal to The radius of the circle formed by the lines x = 0, y = 0, 4x + 3y— 24 = Numerical Based Decimal Type The value of k such that the equation 2x? + 2y?— Gx + By + k= 0 represents a point circle, is Three parallel chords of a circle have lengths 2, 3, 4 and subtend angles a,p, « + fat the centre respectively (given a + B < x), then cos ais equal to A circle of radius 320 units is tangent to the inside of a circle of radius 1000. The smaller circle is tangent to a diameter of the larger circle at the point P. Least distance of the point P from the circumference of the larger circle is K, then K is equal to ‘oly Srol. Savaprva Vor New Debi 110017, Ena enquiyemenecamenmromco™ ‘oem Cognions Pt Ud. Mego ‘webite: wien megacormcosniions carn $< Scanned with CamScanneree Comprehension Type Read the following write up carefully and answer tho following questions: Let ABC be triangle whose equation of sides aro AB w x + 2y= 3, AC 2x + y=3and BC =x +y=4, Sy, Sz, So are three circles drawn considering AB, AC and BC as diamolor respectively. Tho radical axis of S and S2, S1 and Ss and Sz and S3 are Liz = 0, Lis = 0, Lea = 0. Thoso radical axos moot sides BC, AC and AB at D, E and F respectively and triangle DEF Is formed, 1. Equation to circumcircle of (rangle ADC is (A)? + y= 6x + Pay by 4420 (C)x+ y+ 6x + Bervae, (D) none of thes 2. Equation of Liz = Ois (A)x-ys2 (8) 2x+3y=5 (C)x-y=0 (0) none of these 3, Radical centre of circles Ss, S2, Sais (A) (3, ~ 3) (8) (~3,~3) ()(-7,-7) (0) none of these Read the following write up carefully and answor the following questions: To the citcle x? + y2= 4 two tang jents are drawn from P (~ 4, 0), which touch the circle at T: and Tz and a thombus PT:P'T2 is completed, 4. Circumcentre of the triangle PT:T2is at (A) (2, 0) (8) (2,0) (c) (& 0) (D) none of these. 5. Ratio of the area of the triangle PTsP" to that of P'TsT>is (Ay2:4 (1:2 (C) V3:2 (D) none of these Matrix-Match (Matching List Type) This section contains 1 multiple cholco quostion. This question has matching lists. The codes for the lists have choices (A), (B), (C) and (D) out of which ONLY ONE Is correct. The number of integral values of 2 for which 1 4 x? + y? + Ax + (1- Aly + 5 = 0 is the equation of a circle whose radius can not exceed 5, is Q. “Ia circle passes through the points of intersection of the lines 2x -y + | 2.2 O and x + Ay-3 = 0 with the axes of reference then the value of 22 S. “The number of points on the circle 2x + 2y" — Sx = Owhich are ata] 4.0 distance 2 from the point (— 2, 1)is is R.A triangle is formed by the lines whose combined equation is given by | 3.16 (x+y ~ A)gxy ~ 2x = y + 2) = 0. If circumcentre of A is (a, B), then af is equal to | ‘Megocorm Cogntion Fv Ud, 57, Kou Sao Servoptve Vor Sart Savepive vn New bes OT tal enguryemegacoumcoponcon Scanned with CamScannerTEES [_wnciRs J EE ra legacosm Cogritions Pts Ltd Codes : P QQ sR os a 3 2 1 4 ® 4 3 4 2 (c) 3 1 2 4 (0) 4 1 2 3 Matrix-Match Type Match the following: (A) Ifthe circle x? + y? -4x —6y +k =0 does not touch or intersect (-13) the axes and the point (2, 2) lies inside the circle, then k can lie in the interval/intervals (8) Ifthe line 3x+ay—20=0 cutsthe circle x?+y*=25 atreal, | (a) (2-3) U(4.) distinct or coincident points, then a belongs to {C) __ Ifthe point (2, k) lies outside the circles x? +y?+x-2y-14=0 | (1) a7 ]ul, and x? +y? =13, then k belongs to the interval (s) (9, 12) (0) Ifthe point (k+1k) lies inside the region bounded by the curve [25-y? , then k belongs to the interval Matching Type ‘Answer questions 1, 2 and 3 by appropriately matching the information given in the three columns of the following table. Column 1; Column =U, Column il contains equation of circle, length of tangent from (5, 0) ‘and ‘equation of director circle respective) eu Ea can =i eRe 0 (Px ry'=18 oF eae (i) “a (Q) +2) + Yt3P= (i) _(x= 2 +(y+3) Gi) 3 (R)__ (x= a (v)_(«= 1% +(y-1 (iv) 4 (S) (x= 1 + (y- 1P = 32 4. Which of the following options is the only CORRECT combination ? A) (). OP) (8) () i) (RY (C) (ill) Gv) (P) (©) ( (ii) (S) 2. Which ofthe following options is the only CORRECT combination ? (A) (1) (ii) (P) (B) (ill) Gil) (R) @ ay) @) (P) (0) (tl) (i) (Q) Which of the following options is the only CORRECT combination ? (A) (it) il) (P) (B) (IV) (iv) (S) () (ill) @) (R) (C) (1) di) (P) TET Tal Saal Sovopivs Wr New DOP TI0OT. Eat on Tqaenepecomengnnen eer Norse .com Scanned with CamScannereT — Match List Typo FOUR options are given representing matching of elements from LIST - | and LIST - ll. ONLY ONE of these four options corresponds to a correct matching. 4, Match the following The value of k for which x? + Pty = cut orthogonally ae ao Q. | The length of the chord cut by 4y = 3x + 1 on the circle 2 |-8 x?+yP-6x=0 The value of k for which lines 2x -ky + 3=0,4x+y+5= 37 cut axes in concyclic points S.__| The value of & if y = 2x + 2 touches circle 4 [3 xit y?- 4x 4y+3=0 5_|=4 6_|-3 ‘The correct option is : (A)P45,Q>1;R9 23534 (8)P+3;Q+6; R482 (C)P>2;Q53;R>5;S36 (D)P 44 Q7G RSH Assertion-Reasoning Type This questions contains STATEMENT-1 (Assertion) and STATEMENT-2 (Reason). Option (A) if both the statements are TRUE and STATEMENT-2 is the correct explanation of STATEMENT-1 Option (B) __if both the statements are TRUE but STATEMENT-2 is NOT the correct explanation of ‘STATEMENT: 1 Option (C) _if STATEMENT-1 is TRUE and STATEMENT-< FALSE. Option (0) _if STATEMENT-1 is FALSE and STATEMENT-2 is TRUE. 1 STATEMENT -1: If two circles x? + y? + 2gx + 2fy = 0 and x? + y? + 2g’x + 2f'y = 0 touch each other, then f'g = fg’. and STATEMENT -2: Two circles touch each other, if line joining their centres is perpendicular to all possible common tangents. aaah DoH HOH Eads eneutyrepocONMCOGRHOT.COT ee rebate: wane megacosmeognlions. com Scanned with CamScannerees [__waccinse I PES ANSWERS TO CHAPTER PRACTICE PROBLEMS 25 2 2h? +k?) +p? +q? -2hp ~ 2kq = a? 1 3. a=4 4 x2 +y? +7x-1y+2=0 5B 4 Cn 2 ¢ a A a 10. 1. B 12°=«A 3. 6 14. OD 18. OA POSTS SSeS PART-A Level -1 1. (xt +2 6x-9y+23=0 Gi) ap? +q?) 2 (i) P+ y?@—x=0 (i) art ay? tae ays St 20 2 (5-8) 4 ety ax—4y=0 2 6 (i) ~~ 10units 7 wayts Daye yeast 8. 3(3 + V0) 9.) x2+y?-ax=0 Level -I 1.() 192/25 sq, units and 24/5 units 3. (2. ~2) erayr4o 4. 75 sq. units 55 5. x? +? — 2x -6y-B8=0 6 x? +y? = (x+y) 7 (x= +(y-2)? =4(Sf and (x=1)? +(y-2)? -( or (x= 1 + (y= 2)8= 4 and (x — 1)? + (y-2)2= 4 8 a5 2 0 10. (x= 1) +y?= 412 se wie megacesmcogntions carn Scanned with CamScannerPeres PART-B Multiple Choice Questions (Single Option Correct) Level —1 B D 3D B 5 B Gaac 7 ¢ &@ D 9 B 0 A 1A 20 0¢ BOA 4B 15. B Level - 11 1B 2 8 3D 4. A 5 OB c 7 OA @ oc 9. A 10. B 1. A 120A 3B 4A 15, OA 1 OA 7 B “a Cc 12°«O«=#B 2. «¢ Multiple Choice Questions (Multiple Options Correct) 1 AB 2 AB 3 AD 4 A,B,C,D 5 AB & Ac Numerical Based Type 1 8 2 5 Numerical Based Decimal Type 1. 12.50 2 0.5312 3. 400 ‘Comprehension Type B 2 ¢ 2 ¢ 4 8 5D Matrix-Match (Matching List Type) b 3 Matrix-Match Type is (A) > (ars) B)>() ()> (a) (D} (p) Matching Type 1 A 2 8B 3 8B Match List Type eT Assertion-Reasoning Type 1 o¢ TMegocarm Cogeon Prt Ua. i. Kol Saal Savoptva VP, New DeB 110017 mol: enquryemegacoucogntions. com Svebite ; wane megacomncogntions.com Scanned with CamScanner