Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Pressure Testing
of Valves
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Standard Practice
Developed and Approved by the
Manufacturers Standardization Society of the
Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
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MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-61
This MSS Standard Practice was developed under the consensus of the MSS Technical Committee 114 and the
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herein are identified by the date of issue that was applicable to this Standard Practice at the date of
approval of this MSS Standard Practice (see Annex A). This Standard Practice shall remain silent on the
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Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
Printed in U.S.A.
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FOREWORD
This Standard Practice for Pressure Testing of Valves was originally adopted in 1961. It was developed for
the purpose of providing a uniform means of testing valves commonly used in the "full open" and "full
closed" type of service. For control valves, refer to standards ISA-75.19.01 and FCI 70-2, which may be
more appropriate for control valve pressure testing.
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ii
Copyright Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Indust
Provided by IHS Markit under license with MSS Licensee=Dept of Energy /9991702100, User=Troc, Brandon
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MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-61
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION PAGE
1 SCOPE ................................................................................................................................................. 1
2 DEFINITIONS .................................................................................................................................... 1
3 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................................................... 1
4 SHELL LEAKAGE TESTS ................................................................................................................ 2
5 SEAT CLOSURE TESTS ................................................................................................................... 2
TABLE
ANNEX
A Referenced Standards and Applicable Dates ....................................................................................... 5
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1. SCOPE
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and seat closure pressure testing of valves. equivalent to a leak rate no greater than 4.1 x
10-5 in3/sec (6.7 x 10-4 ml/sec)(l) with a
2. DEFINITIONS pressure differential of 80 to 100 psi (5.5 to
6.9 bar) for application to valves of NPS 8
2.1 Production Pressure Test (DN 200) and smaller.
Pressure tests, which include closure member 3. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
and shell leakage tests, shall be performed on
production units manufactured for sale. 3.1 The manufacturer shall be responsible
Production pressure tests verify the pressure for the performance of tests specified herein.
containing capability of production units.
3.2 Fluid for shell and seat closure tests
2.2 Shell Leakage Test shall be air, inert gas, or liquid, such as
water (which may contain a corrosion
An internal pressure test of the pressure inhibitor), kerosene, or other fluid with
containing envelope to demonstrate pressure viscosity not greater than that of water.
containing capability of the external Temperature of the test fluid shall not
pressure boundary. exceed 125 °F (52 °C).
2.3 Seat and Closure Member Test 3.3 Valves shall be substantially relieved of
air or gas when tested with liquid.
An internal pressure test of flow regulating
elements (seats, seals, and closure member 3.4 Seat closure tests for NPS 4 (DN 100)
such as gate, disc, ball, or plug) to demonstrate and larger valves shall be conducted after an
static pressure performance within allowable acceptable shell test. Seat closure tests for
leakage tolerances. smaller valves may be conducted before or
after the shell test at the manufacturer's
2.4 No Visible Leakage
option. However, when valves conform to
2.4.1 The term "no visible leakage", applied ASME B16.34, the requirements of Section
to a hydrostatic test liquid, is defined as a 7.2 of ASME B16.34 shall apply.
leak rate that will produce no visible weeping
or formation of drops (1) at the test pressure
area and (2) for the duration of the test. NOTE: (1) This leakage rate is based on the
measured leakage of nitrogen gas from a needle
2.4.2 The term "no visible leakage", as valve with a 0.167 in. O.D. x 0.091 in. I.D. tube
applied to air or gas testing, is defined as a submerged in water to a depth of 1 inch. The tube
leak rate(l) that will produce no visible end was cut square and smooth with no chamfers
formation of bubbles in a water immersion or butts and the tube axis was parallel to the
test or after application of leak detection surface of the water. Leakage was adjusted to a
fluid at the test pressure and for the duration level equal to 40 bubbles in 10 minutes at 90 psi.
The 40 bubbles equaled 1.6 ml or, 1 bubble =
of the test.
0.04 SCC. Using this data, a leak rate equivalent
to 1 bubble every minute is found to be 4.1 x 10-5
in3/sec (6.7 x 10-4 ml/sec).
3.5 Valves shall be shell tested prior to 4.4 The minimum duration of the shell
painting. Corrosion protection treatment such leakage test shall be per Table 1.
as phosphatizing and linings may be applied
prior to shell testing. If pressure tests in the TABLE 1
presence of purchaser's representative are Shell Leakage Test Duration
specified, valves that were painted following
VALVE SIZE TEST TIME
successful pressure testing may be retested
without removal of paint. NPS DN Seconds
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2 and Smaller 50 and Smaller 15
3.6 Valve test fixture loads applied to valve
ends shall be limited to those required to 21⁄2 – 6 65 – 150 60
effectively seal the valve ends. 8 – 12 200 – 300 120
14 and Larger 350 and Larger 300
3.7 Leakage detection devices, e.g., pressure
decay devices, may be used for detecting
leakage provided that they perform at the 5. SEAT CLOSURE TESTS
pressures specified in Sections 4 and 5. The
valve manufacturer shall be able to 5.1 Each valve designed for shutoff or
demonstrate that, when these devices are isolation service, such as stop valves and
used, the test results are equivalent to the check valves, shall be given a fluid seat
requirements of this Standard Practice. closure tightness test.
TABLE 3
Seat Closure Test Duration
VALVE SIZE TEST TIME
NPS DN Seconds
2 and Smaller 50 and Smaller 15
21⁄2 – 8 65 – 200 30
10 – 18 250 – 450 60
20 and Larger 500 and Larger 120
TABLE 4
Units of Leakage per NPS/DN
LIQUID GAS
Per NPS Per DN Per NPS Per DN
0.1 SCFH
10 cc/hr 0.4 cc/hr 120 cc/hr
2.88 SCIM
0.167 6.6 x10-3 47.2
2cc/min.
cc/min. cc/min. cc/min.
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2.66(a) 0.11(a) 1180(b) 50(b)
drops/min. drops/min. bubble/min. bubble/min.
TABLE 4 NOTES:
(a) For information only. Based on 16 drops per cc,
which is the equivalent of a spherical shaped
drop having an approximate diameter of 3/16
inch (0.5 cm).
(b) For information only. Based on 25 bubbles per cc,
which is the equivalent of a spherical shaped
bubble having an approximate diameter of 5/32
inch (0.42 cm). See Section 2.4 (Page 1), Note (1).
GENERAL NOTES:
1. 1 ml = 1 cc
2. SCFH = Standard cubic feet per hour
(14.7 psia @ 60 °F) (1.01 bar @ 16 °C)
3. SCIM = Standard cubic inch per minute
(14.7 psia @ 60 °F) (1.01 bar @ 16 °C)
ANNEX A
Referenced Standards and Applicable Dates
This Annex is an integral part of this Standard Practice and is placed after the main text for convenience.
ASME; ANSI/ASME
B16.34-2013 Valves – Flanged, Threaded, and Welding End
FCI; ANSI/FCI
70-2-2013 Control Valve Seat Leakage
ISA; ANSI/ISA
75.19.01-2007 Hydrostatic Testing of Control Valves
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SP-120-2011 Flexible Graphite Packing System for Rising Stem Valves – Design Requirements
SP-121-2006 Qualification Testing Methods for Stem Packing for Rising Stem Steel Valves
SP-122-2012 Plastic Industrial Ball Valves
SP-123-2013 Non-Ferrous Threaded and Solder-Joint Unions for Use with Copper Water Tube
SP-124-2012 Fabricated Tapping Sleeves
SP-125-2010 Gray Iron and Ductile Iron In-Line, Spring-Loaded, Center-Guided Check Valves
SP-126-2013 In-Line, Spring-Assisted, Center-Guided Check Valves (Carbon, Alloy Steel, Stainless Steel, & Nickel Alloys)
SP-127-2001 Bracing for Piping Systems Seismic-Wind-Dynamic Design, Selection, Application
SP-128-2012 Ductile Iron Gate Valves
SP-129-2003 (R 2007) Copper-Nickel Socket-Welding Fittings and Unions
SP-130-2013 Bellows Seals for Instrument Valves
SP-131-2010 Metallic Manually Operated Gas Distribution Valves
SP-132-2010 Compression Packing Systems for Instrument Valves
SP-133-2010 Excess Flow Valves for Low Pressure Fuel Gas Appliances
SP-134-2012 Valves for Cryogenic Service, including Requirements for Body/Bonnet Extensions
SP-135-2010 High Pressure Knife Gate Valves
SP-136-2007 Ductile Iron Swing Check Valves
SP-137-2013 Quality Standard for Positive Material Identification of Metal Valves, Flanges, Fittings, and Other Piping Components
SP-138-2009 Quality Standard Practice for Oxygen Cleaning of Valves & Fittings
SP-139-2010 Copper Alloy Gate, Globe, Angle, and Check Valves for Low Pressure/Low Temperature Plumbing Applications
SP-140-2012 Quality Standard Practice for Preparation of Valves and Fittings for Silicone-Free Service
SP-141-2012 Multi-Turn and Check Valve Modifications
SP-142-2012 Excess Flow Valves for Fuel Gas Service, NPS 1½ through 12
SP-143-2012 Live-Loaded Valve Stem Packing Systems
SP-144-2013 Pressure Seal Bonnet Valves
SP-145-2013 Metal Ball Valves for Low Pressure/Low Temperature Plumbing Applications
(R YEAR) Indicates year reaffirmed • Price List Available Upon Request • MSS is an ANSI-accredited American National Standards developer