CUTTINGEDGE ix STUDENTS’ BOOK ny = sarah cunningham peter moor aed UNCOOL Lora Pen eeModule Module 1 Going global Pe Module 2 Mixed emations paié Module 3, How you come across P26 module 4 Mind, body and spit p36 Module S Learning for Tike Skills and vocabulary Vocabulary and listening: what does globalisation mean for us? a a one and changin h Bee speaking: changing English ina ‘Vocabulary: words and phrases relating to: globalisation Vocabulary and speaking: how would you feel? Reading: what makes you laugh? Listening: an actor's first public performance Vocabulary: feelings (overjoyed, Nabbergasted, etc.) Speaking and vocabulary: the right way to behave Reading and vocabulary: Perfect beliaviour in an Imperfect world Listening and speaking: improving your communication skilis Vocabulary: describing behaviour (disrespectful, ‘over the top, etc.) Vocabulary and speaking: body and spirit Reading and speaking: complementary therapies Listening: self-help books Vocabulary: health and well-being (allergic, dizzy spells, ete.) * Vocabulary and speaking: education Reading and speaking: education: fact or myth? Listening and speaking: what life skills should Team at school? ee ‘Vocabulary: education (qualifications, vocational, etc.) Task Preparation for task: complete a Leamer questionnaire (reading, ‘writing) ‘Task: devise an action plan to ‘iniprove your English (reading, ‘writing, extended speaking) Preparation for task: match Task: telling a story to make people laugh ...or cry (estenled speoking, reading/listening) Preparation for task: read about difficalt situations ond discuss ‘solutions (reading, speaking) Task: decide what to say in a difficult situation (extended speaking, writing) Preparation for task: news items ‘about courageous people listening, speaking) ‘Task: who wins the award? (extended speaking, writing) Preparation for task: match instructions to diagrams peaking, reading, listening) ‘Task: teach a practical skill to ‘others (extended speaking)Further skills and vocabularyModule Module 6 Inthe mangy P56 ‘Module 7 ving p66 Module 8. A question of taste p76 _Modute 9 2st century lifestyles: pes Module 10 Truth and ties p96 lis and vocabulary Vocabulary and speaking: double your money! Reading: TV quiz shows Listening: the ease of Stella Liebeck Vocabulary: words and phicses relating to money (broke, priceless, ete.) ‘Speaking and vocabulary: who you live with Listening: leaving home Reading and vocabulary: The Bhuffer’s Gulde to Men eaWoner ‘Wocabal ary: decribing charortort tics (granpy, laid-back, et.) Vocabulary and speaking: 4 question of taste Reading and speaking; style Icons: Listening: You're so vain Vocabulary: descriptive adjectives (contemporary, ‘hatred te) ‘Vocabulary and speaking: work and play in the 2st century Reading and speaking: What didn’t come fo pass. Listening and speaking: the changing face of tourism Vocabulary: work, lifestyle and health (teleworking. ‘Vocabulary and speaking: Is It ever OK to lie? Listening: The Unicorn i the Garden Reading and speaking: How do you know when siecle oge Vocabulary: truth and fies (estiy, rumour, ete) Task Preparation for task: four ‘cases where people sued for Compensation (reading, listening, speaking) Task: decide how much compensation people should get (extended speaking, listening) Preparation far task: descriptions of possible participants in a TV programme (listening, reading) Task: decide who will go on ‘Shipwrecked! (extended speaking) Preparation for task: people's pet hates (reading, listening, speaking) Task: rant about something you hate (extended speaking) Preparation for task: discuss Interesting periods of history (speaking) ‘Task: create a time capsule for future generations (extended speaking) Preparation for task: listen 10 people playing The Truth Game (istening, speaking) ‘Task: find out if your partner Is lying (extended speaking) ((_ coromunication sees pp. 105-114Grammar Grammar extension: time and tense Pattems to hotice: inversion with negative adverbials Grammar extension: infinitives and -Ing forms Patterns to notice: describing typical habits: compound phrases Grammar extension: adverbs Patterns to’notice: adding emphasis with auxiliaries Grammar extension: future forms Patterns to notice: describing trends ‘Grammar extension: noun phrases: ellipsis and substitution Patterns fo notice: patterns with as. a5-+ verb Writing ‘Writing: summarising statistical information. Writing: a report Writing: a tactful letter Writing: « news anice Further skills and vocabulary Real life: expressing quantities Imprecisely Real life: comment adverbials Worddspot: well Rea! life: computer terms ‘Real life: expressing surprise and disbeliet (C Grammar extension bank pp. 115-155 *) Crapeserts 15005module 1 Going global Vocabulary and listening What does globalisation mean for us? taken in? All of them r What does this term mean to y Wordspot2 Check the words and phrases in bold if necessary Which of these things do you do? Compare answers in groups. watch forefgn films arid TV programmes Listen to music from around the world buy international brands like Benetton or Nike at food Imported from across the world go shopping in a neighbouring country ‘watch domestic sport from another country, eg, Italian league football in Spain * eatin international fast food chains + eat in different ethnic restaurants ‘+ use English as a lingua franca to communicate with other non-native speakers ‘+ work for a multinational corporation with people from different countries * travel abroad fo work or study: 3 Whien of these phrases do you associate with the pictures? Compare your answers in groups. ations caly-produced goods vithethnle sacieties traditional way of fe ration and lnmigration \worldiide communication ‘smal local busines cultural diversity ahigh standard of ving a dash of cultures Americanisation, iowestors A, 8) Which ideas retlect globalisation? Why? b) Moke list of five advantages of globalisation, ‘and five disadvantages. Compare answers. a) (1.1) You will hear five extracts in which people talk about what globalisation means to them. Listen and make notes about headings 1 and 2 below, Example: Richova 1) Topics mentioned Amervean TY re Fuleesy other Foreign Fulres 2 Attitude aoa (positiverregativeimixed) 3) Main points they make great bo haw b) Listen again and make notes about heading 3, Did anyone say anything you disagree with? & What are the differences between these pairs of words and phrases? ‘emigration immigration Imports ‘exports multinational multiethnic cultural dive clash of cultures a brand ‘goods a business ‘a corporation your standard of living your way of life Phrase builder Reading and speaking 8) One by one, read the extracts below from a travel guide to a famous city. Can you guess which city itis? ‘+ smarty dressed people clutching mobile phones wad signs and advertising billboards are-now in English + a majestic political and architectural marvel + a forest of construction cranes and bulldozers + shopping malls and five-star hotels rise from the rubble + The aity fs changing so rapidly tt makes you dizzy. + most youngsters disdain socialist sacrifice and are more interested In money, motorbikes, fashion, video games and rock music * bicycles and ox carts were the main form of transport a decade ago but both are now prohibited ‘on the new freeways and toll roads + itmay be something of a showcase, but what capital ety isn't? bb) Look at p.8 to check the identity of the city. Were you surprised? What impressions did you previously have of this city?module 1 Going global ‘2 Read the text taken frem the Lonely Planet guide to Bejing Which of the follawing statements doide not reflect the author's views? tn pairs, discuss why. 4) Beijing has the same atteuction today that it has always had for the people of China, bb) These days, people in Beijing have the same aspirations as people anywhere else ©) Ws hard to keep up with the pace of chenge In modem Beijing @) Belting has been completely ruined by modernization ©) Life in Beijing Is more comfortable materially than it was in the 1980s, {)Beljing is an amazing place thot al visitors will love. J Underline words and phrases in the text which show that the following sentences are true. 4) Lots of people come to Beijing from the countryside to pursue thelr dreams, bb) The capital is extremely attractive to these people, ©) The differences between old and young people's attitudes are very obvious in Beijing, 4), Old people are very enthustastic about the Communist past, @) Many young people have no respect for Communist tdeals. 0) The builders are in.a great hurry. 9) Many new buildings are luxurious. hh) Traditional homes have been replaced by big blocks of apartments. 1). In the 1980s no-one expected to have such things as.a TV set or a ‘washing machine, 1) Alot of people now hhave:these things. k) People usually wear western clothes now, 1). Near Beijing there are some extremely Impressive things to see. 4 What are the main charges that have taken place in Beijing since the 1980s? Comment on the follewing: + buildings + material goods + dothes: + transport + attitudes 5 Discuss these questions in pairs + Bo you think the changes descritied are mainly positive or mainly negative? + Do they make you more or les Interested in visiting Beijing? + Are any of these changes happening in your city/country? + Are'there any other ways that globalisation has affected your sity/country? + Whot influences lie behind these changes? © Have they had a good or bad elfect-on your eity/country? > Phrase builderA changing city 1 For conturies, Beijing has been the promised land of China. Originally a walled bastion for emperors and officials, it remains a majestic political and architectural marvel. Today, people from the countryside stil flock to the city-in search of the elusive pot of gold at the end of the rainbow, The government encourages them to g0 home, but the lure of the capital proves too enticing, Meanwhile, down the road by the Friendship Store, smartly dressed customers cluitehing mobile phones head for the nearest banquet or disco, < Perhaps nowhere else in China more than in Beijing is the generation gap more visible, Appailed by the current drive to ‘modernise’, many older people still wax euphoric about man Maoand the years of sacrifice for the Cha socialist revolution, But most youngsters disdain socialist sacrifice andare more interested -like youngsters everywhere ~ in-money, motorbikes, fashion, video games and rock music (though not necessarily in that order). 3 Foreigners seem to enjoy Beijing since the ‘ity offers so much to see and do. Things have ‘changed drastically in the Last ten years or s0. ‘The Beifing of today is a forest of construction ‘cranes, bulldozers and 24-hour work crews scrambling to build the new China, Plush shopping malls and five-star hotels riso from the rubble. A good number of the road signs and advertising billboartis are now in English. Whatever ono says about Beijing today, it probably won't be true tomorrow. The city is changing 90 rapidly it makes you dizay ‘Travellers of the 1980s remember Beijingas a city of narrow lanes with single-story homes built around courtyards. These have given way to the high-rise housing estates of the 1996s. TV ‘sets and washing machines ~ unimaginable luxuries in the 1980s — are now commonplace. Whereas bicycles and ox carts were the main form of transport a decade-ago, both are prohibited on the new freeways and toll roads that now encompass the city, Whereas not so long ago every one wore the Chairman Mao suit, now Jeans and T-shirts, leather jackets and suits are the norm 4 Whatever impression you come away with Beijing is one af the most fascinating places in China, It may be something of a showcase, but ‘what capital city isn’? Within its environs you find some of China’s most stunning sights — the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace and the Great Wall, toname justa few. The city itself offers so much of interest that the main. complaint of most visitors is that they simply run out of time before seeing it allmodule 1 Going global Grammar extension Continuous verb forms 4 Look at the verbs in bald. Find examples of: a continuous form ‘a continuous passive ‘he Present Perfect Continut | te Faure Continuous (La continuous infinite 0} Everywhere you go nowadays people seem to be ‘speaking English, b) Many experts are worried because so many Janguages in the world are disappearing, ©) Every city centre seems the same-these doy, Old buildings are being pulled down and reptaced by ugly new ones. ©) Another new shopping mail is coming soon. f) Beijing may well be changing faster than any other city on earth, g) When 1 was growing up there were no fast food chains in my town. h) Advertisers are always trying to sell us some mew brand of clothes or trainers. 1) In thirty years’ time f don’t suppose anyone will be ‘wearing traditional dress any mare, |) Recently the government have been taking measures to preserve the local way of tfe D Find a continuous form that describes an action in progress: a) at a paint in the past, b} at a point In the future and ¢) at the present moment. 3 2) How does the meaning of sentences a), bd) ‘and f) in Exercise 1 change if you put the verb into the simple form? b) Why can't you put sentence chinto the continuous form? Do you know any other verbs like this? 4, 8) Wnich sentence in Exercise 1 describes: @ situation which 1s. gradually changing? 4 repeated habit which is strange or annoying? * a definite plan for the future? 1b) Think of three examples of; ‘changes that are taking place in the world today. * annoying things that advertisers or the government do in your country. plans for new bulldings/developments in your town. > Grammar extension bank pp.115~119 10 Listening and speaking Changing English in a changing world 4 Discuss in groups. in what circumstances will youuse English in the future? Think about work, travel, social situations, the internet, etc Read the facts about the English language Just one piece of information is false. Can you ‘ues which? (see p.109), Do any of the facts surprise you? Why? 1 There are far more non-native speakers of English in the world today than native eaker lion speak it as U thought that i: ‘hat around 802 of ine data on oria’s computers is stored in English, én estimated that about 20,000 ords spread into ather languages 5 The grammar and vocabulary Used by native “speakers varies alot, evenin tne uk. Ms, ‘people probat “woulan’t have3 Read these statements and mark them (1 if you agree, (8) if you disagree, and @) If you are not Sure, Compare answers in pairs. 4) Lam more likely to use English to speak to mative speakers (€, British and American peapte) than | ain ta speak to other non-native speakers. 1W) All leamers of English should try to pronounce the language os closely as possble to the way native speakers do, 1s important for learners of English to have a good command of British and American idioms. People can't understand you when you speak a foreign language unless you use the grammar comectly English doesn't just ‘belong to’ British or American people. It belongs to everyone in the world whe Uses it. ‘When I'speak English I don’t want to imitate a British or American person. I want to keep my own Identity. A @ Najuisten to Dr Jennifer Jenkins talking about ‘English as an International Language’, Which statements above does she agree/disagree with? Why? 5 2) Dr Jenkins mentions the folowing language areas as examples, Mave you had problems with any of them? the pronunciation of th British and American idioms Lncountable nouns ike information the thied person ‘sin the Present Simple’ b) What does Jeninifer Jenkins think may happen to these things as English as an International Language develops? How does she think dictionaries in the future will be different? Listen again if necessary. a) Do you agree with Dr Jenkins? Has she made you change your mind about-any of your answers to Exercise 3 above? by interview your teacher and find out what he/she thinks, Think of at least three questions to ask hinvher. & Phrase builder Introducing points in an argument Patterns to notice 1 Notice how the points are introduced: Well, there are two things. One thing is that... they're intellfatble to each other, ‘The second thing would be that ... nabody owns English any more. One advantage would be that les toda. How do these introductory phrases help the listener? 2 Here are some similar ways of introducing points: point to consider reason. learners have ne important ‘Another (important) | disadvantage {s that ‘The most important | drawback ‘would be:that The second problem might be that .. Aturther concernissue The main consideration explonation One important issue Is that many people use English over the Internet. Another problem is that there are so many different varieties of English. (Which ways do you think are the mostileast formalt 7 troduce each ofthese arguments for and ainst globalisation in a different way. For (0). people are much more aware of other cultures ‘and ways of life. ) sn there are more and more opportunities to travel ©) su there is a lot more choice available than there used to be. Against 8). @ lot of small local businesses cannot compete with big multinationals. .-- big multinational corporations have so much power. ©)» @ lot of local skills and customs are being lost. Sive your opinions on one of the questions below. ‘Aim to speak for 30 seconds to.ane minute, but first decide what you will say: Try to use some of the phrases from the box above to make your points. * Isit a good thing to have English as a global language? Will the Intemet inerease the spread of globalisation? + Should each country/region try to preserve thelr traditions and way of life? How? "; Module 1 Going global : —— Personal vocabulary Useful language a Giving personal views ‘tm (not ) the kind ef persan who ‘One thing #m goad ats... ‘One of my worst faults is that Hnever) .. 1 feel pretty happy about my Forme, | (don't) feel ... is very imporiantiusetul Personally, Ue like to concentrate on... b Explaining your targets. ‘My main aim isto... Is one of my main priorities because of . ‘Another important area for MES So for that reason, I'm aiming to... ‘Another thing | thought might be 8 good idea is to... Vd find it really useful to: look at... Phrase builder 42... Task: devise an action plan to improve your English Preparation for task took at the Learner questionnaire on/p.13. Have you done 2 questionnaire like this before? Why do you think this is useful? 2 Answer the questions about yourself, Task 4 Compare answers in pairs, Read the Learning tips an pp.106~ 107. Underline like this ( ) useful advice for yourself, and like this (~~) useful advice for your partner, > Useful language a 2 Help your pariner to devise an ‘action pian’ to improve hisiher English during this course. Write your own action plan on a piece of ‘Paper to give to your teacher. Make nates under the headings below. > Personal vocabulary ACTION PLAN NIE nina nin 4H) Ancas ihre fel confident Melgar eee tr 8) Questions to ask ray teacher 4) SIR targets for this your (Be veaistic) tealiss 3 ‘Speak more in group work: answer more questions th class Bp 1) dom hometrark — esp. verity enerses! Bids eagle cafe hms Bae nee 3 Prevent your tergetsto the class, orn groups, explaining why ‘you have chosen these areas to work on, Write out your targets and stick them on the inside caver of your coursebook. > Useful language ba tn ring nh p/h bj. I'm attending this course because ! nead/will ned ot ae Ba areal ) | intend/eo not intend So tok frome’ of exomfl) 4) a ee ne ae porticulorly important for me becouse q 2) What kind of learner are you? a J naver/somotimes/olien proctise my English outside class am usiially waly ecive/quier/raiher laxy in-class, | ‘ond | never/sometimes/ofien ask questions : {'m very/reosonably/not at all confident about £ speaking English in front of @ group of people. : Lory a Fet/wory 0 bit/don't wary ot allabout | raking mites, ae : | ahveys/sometimes/nevier moka notes during the lessen, | hove/don'! have'e monolingual dicenary. i | sometimes /nover/ofin use it in closs/or my : homeward i Expotding my vocabulory is/isn/Fone of my main priorities, Tam very/faidly/net very interested in werk on English phroses and idioms, Studying and remembering grammar rules is/in’t ‘very imporiont to me. | feei/don’t Fea | need do a lot of work on grammar. | feel/don’t Feel need to revise 3 lot of the the I think i extremely important/quite important” ‘ot veiy imparianto have good pronvncision fn English. Impearing my pronunciation is/isn'to priority for me. For me, writing essays, letters, otc. in English is. reasonably eesy/a real problem/net thet importantmodule 1 Going global Wordspot world, earth, ground, floor 1] De you have exact equivalents for these four words in your language? ‘Choose wards oF phrases trom the box to complete the explanations jloor — floorboords earth Inthewarld onthe ground thinkthe world worldwide oneorth top ofthe word thisword —theearth floor groundéd ofthe ground 4) You have plenty of time, and so-you don't have to hurry: you have all the time ) Added for emphasis to a question, orto show you are very surprised or annoyed: eg, What. she wearing? ©) An idiom to say that something is very expansive: it costs d) The laid at the bottom of the sea is known as the ocean .. €) Ifyou have great affection cind respect for someone, you. af them, ) Ata club/disco, the place where people dance: the dance 4) Uf parents punish thelr child by not leting him/her go out, Me Is 1) An infonmal Way of saying that something isso gaod IS unbelleveie: aut of. 4) ifa plan or busines stars to succeed, tats. ) you feel absolutely fantastic, au feet like this: on . ) To keep your feet. jeans to be realistic and practical, not over-ambitious, J} If something happens or exists in most or oll countries, It hoppens 1m) The planks of wood in a wooden floor are called 1). Anevent or news which is shattering is extremely shocking and important 3 Complete the diagrams below with words and phrases fram Exercise 2 eorkh-shak beniog Sas 14 A The sentences below contain mistakes with one of the words or phrases from Exerciss Find the mistakes and correct: them. @) Although no plants grow there, ‘the ocean ground is home to many varieties of deep-sea fish. ‘») Everybody thought worlds of Mayor Conlon, and people in the city: were absolutely devastated when he died. Putting up a: memorial statue has been suggested several times, but the idea has never really come off the ground. (©) What on the earth do you think you're doing coming home at this time in the morning? You were supposed to be home at 121 You're floored for the next week, Young man! 4) The police became suspicious ‘when they noticed that there were several loose flooring. boards. 2) A holiday in the Seychelles ‘would suit you perfectly: there's ‘constant sunshine and, if you {go at the right time, ft needn't ‘cast the world to get there. After the earth-smashing events ‘of last month, there has been ‘wideworid condemnation of the terrorist attacks. ) Mt needed something very special to win the game, and United's winning goal was truly ‘out of this planet. hy Understondably, new pop sensation Joke Salinas Is feeling ‘tthe top of the wotld at the ‘moment. His song Bring Me Back Home was ain enormous hit on the dancing floors of Europe this summer. “All this fantastic success could easily have changed me, but luckily Ihave ‘my wife and child to help me ‘keep my foot on the ground," he toldl Pop Star magazine 1), Take it easy, relax ... we've got call the hours in Ue world to get to-know each other. > Phrase bullderReal life Varieties of English ‘a) © [1.3] The radio programme From Our Reporter In... features news reports from around the world. Listen to the three items fram the US, india and Australia, and make brief notes in the table, [American story | Indlan'story | Australian story Wherethe eventis happening “Main event descril Key numbersistatisties bb) The three reporters spoke American English, Indian English and ‘Australian English. Can you hear any differences between the way they speak and standard British English? 2. & [1.41 a) Compare the pronunciation of the phrases below. Tick if you.can hear the difference, Can you Imitate Americanvindlan! ‘Austealian/ pronunciation? British English and American English 8) globalisation policies )_ police were on duty ©) four European finance ministers British English and Indian English, 0), more than 70 milion Hindus )_ the religions festival © a thiny-square-mile tent city British English and Australian English 1) the past fortnight ) eight hours ©) no lives have been lost 1b) Which accent do you like best? Why?> Reading: humorous texts & Listening (1); extract framan robiography > Listening (2): song > Task: tella-story tomake ple laUEH ery ¥ Writing: an album or concert Vocabulary: feelings Perfect verb forms Cleft sentences Wordspot: idioms with laugh, vv Vocabulary and speaking How would you feel? 41 How do the afferent people in the pictures feel? write down three adjectives for each pictur using words/phrases from the box and others you know. relieved apprehensive proud dolighted cress overjoyed stressed out furious insecure determined flabbergusted sony for yourseltsarmaone alse despa scared sui depressed shattered horned disilusioned letdown pointed ple 2 Which adjectives in Exercise 1 can you group together according to meaning? Which ones have a ‘strong’ meaning (5)? Which have 2 ‘weaker’ meaning (W)? Example: desperate (3) corny For yourself (w) ‘add other words you know to these groups 16 o)!n groups, choose five of the situations below to discuss. What emotions would you go through at different stages (e.g. beforehand, during, afterwards)? Here are some useful phrases finaly the big day artives = you | Untoruraiely, & few minutes belorehond you lock ourself out of yourica and Gat take the test the end. +k Your company/cotlege offers you the opportunity to do a special course in the USA fo nine months away from all your family and friends. + Your brother and sister-in-law ask you to loo! | after their three pre-school chitdren for the weekend while thay go to a wedding, It tu to be-a wet, freezing weekend, + You {ail an important exam because you haven't done any studying, To make matt worse, all your friends seem lo have passed with lying colours. out A.colleague you dislike is giving en importan presentation. Her delivery is completely incoherent, and she keeps going red and apologising } Members of the audience are sniggering openly. + Things have been going fantastically well w your new boyirenc/airiiond, Then suddenly he/she starts being late for dates, ar doesn’t tum Up at all, There's no goad reason that y + You have finally got to play for the football team of your dreams, In the first hal biggest match ot your career you seat 998, only to have it disallowed by the referee a few Seconds Inter. ok You are in your mi 9 children. Out of the blue, youlyour wile discover that you are having another baby. eee eal In pairs, choose three words or phrases from Exercise 1 that you did not use. Describe three situations like those above to other students. Can thoy guess whieh feeling you had in mind? > Phrase builder 17module 2 Mixed emotions Reading What makes you laugh? 4 Which ofthe folowing tend to make you laugh? Which would you never choose to readiwatch? Compare answers, giving examples of your favourites, * a comic book or your favourite cartoon + a witty column in your favourite newspaper or ‘magazine + olc-lashioned slapstick comedians (like Laurel ‘and Hardy) + modem stand-up comedians pmedy films + a cassie comedy play (6.9. by Shakespeare or Osear Wilde) * articles or sketches sending up some serious contemporary issue er politician 2D a) The texts on the right are intended to make people laugh, but the punchlines are missing. ‘Can you guess any of them? b) Match the punchlines in the box to the texts, Punchlines 1 "You lose," replied the great man grimly anc relapsed (nto his customary stlence for the rest ‘of the neal, "You're not eating property” =. marry himself” between the land anid the sky. No-tye deer ‘And found that his drecen had come true Off the edge of a cliff ‘you wouldn't have in your home. 3 Check your answers on p.114. which did you like best? Which didn’t you like? Were there any that ‘you didn’t ‘get’? Can other students explain? A The following words and phrases describe the different text types. Match the descriptions to. thetexts, aputdown ——aneplgram limerick, pun scene from asitcom ‘an anecdote a comy joke anonpe.* joke * pattcatyeaeet > Phrase bullder 18 @(said by Frank Sinatra about actor Robert Redford) ‘Well, at feast he has found his true love, what 2 pity-he can’t. ® ‘Television is an invention that permits you to be entertained in your Ii ing room by people US President Catvin Coolidge was known as a man of few wards. One day, he found himself sitting next to-a young lady at a public dinner. Bringing all her charm to bear, the young lady sai "Mr President, | hove made a bet with my friends thot ican make you soy at least three words to me during dinner: [Aman went to the dactar's with a cucumber in his left ar, 8 carrot in his right ear, anda banana uf "What's wrong with me?” he asked the doctor. “W's simples sald the doctor. ose,©D There once was a man from Who dreamed he was eating his shoe He awoke with a fright In the middle of the night preset mrt saveeoehntnvignstzestese ‘Mrs Richards: And another thing ~ 1 asked for-a raom with a view Basits (to himself Deaf, mad and blind, (goes to the window) This f the view a5 faras an remember, madam: Yes, this ist When | pay for a view! expect something more Interesting thar that. Basil; That fs Torquay, madam, Mrs Richards: Well It's nat good enough Basil: Well. may | ask what you were hoping to see out of = Torquay hate! bedroom window? Syaney Opers | rs Richards: I House, perhaps? Mrs Richards: Don’t be silly. expect to be | able to see the'sea Basil: You can see the'ska. Its ver there Grammar extension Perfect verb forms 11, Read the quotes about laughter and happiness, Which do you like best? 2 ‘One must laugh before one is happy, or one may die without aver having laughed at al Jean de la Bruyere (Franch writer 1645-1696) b ‘The most wasted of all days.is that on which ‘one has not laughed.’ Nicholas Chamfort. (French writer 1694-1778) € To be happy, you must have taken the measure of your powers, tasted the fruits of your passion, and learned your place in the ward.’ eorge Santayana (Spanish-born philosopher 1863-1952) ‘ifthe caveman had known how to laugh, History would have been different.’ ‘Oscar Wilde (Angfo-inish playwright 1854-1900) To have been happy is the mast unhappy form of fortune.” Boethhus (Roman statesman ¢.489-524) £ “Telling bad jokes is not habit-forming I should know, I've been doing it for years,’ (American comedian} 2) ®) Underline the perfect forms) in each quote. Find examples af: the Present Perfect Sirigle resent Perfect Continuous a perlect ing form the Past Perec finitve b) What do all perfect forms have in common inthe ‘way that they are formed? 3 With all perfect forms, the speaker is looking back from one point in time, to a time before that, Im which quote is the speaker: a) looking back over a day? b) looking back over the whole of his/her life? ©) looking back over history? > Grammar extension bank pp.120~123 19module 2 Mixed emotions Listening My first public performance 1 Discuss these questions - ve you ever performed in public (.g, given a speech oF appeared in a play? How aed i go? ‘© Here are some things that could go wrong. Can you add.any more ideas? = ype Forget your nes SPU male @ ate ong no One lugs © Hasan, hing like this ever happened to you or ‘anyone you know? Which of these things would you find rnost embarrassing? 2D You are going to listen to 2 British actor, michael Crawlord, describing his first stage appearance in ‘school play at Brixton Town Hall in the 1950s. In the extract he describes two stories 1 the plot of the play he appeared in 2. an anecdote about what happened when the play was performed. ‘Which story (1 oF 2) do you think the following relate to? 0) Mi s0e] Crawfordls shorts 2 torian England the Mayor of Lambeth coverage in the local press Sam, a child chimney sweep. the headmaster, Mr Livingston ripping off raggedy old clothes two villainous adult chimney sweeps 3 © [21} Read the questions below then listen H necessary listen again 1 What was the name of the play and vehat was it about? 2 What part did Michael Crawford play in the production? 3. What part did Mr Livingston play? 4. What was supposed fo happen to Sam's clothes during the play? 5S. Why was it an important oecasion-and who was in the audience? 6 How did Miho! Crawford fel before the performance began? 7 Why did young Michael cling on to iis ragged trousers and was he successful? ‘& How did the audience react? 9 What about his headmaster? Aj Michael Crawford often uses language for dramatic effect. Underline phrases in the tapescript an p:188 that mean the same as e)-h). ) exactly then 1) Sammy asks ‘Please don’t send me up again 9. they remove Sammy’ shirt 4) the hall wos full 2), | was very nervous 1) stood there with no clothes on 9). Mr Livingston was very angey hh) He used his hands to Phrase builder 2» module 2 Mixed "Personal vocabulary ) Task: tell a story to make people laugh ... or cry : Useful language Describing feelings Feeling completely (mystified/desperate! ashamed), helshelthey Te hisher horrorisurprise ‘amusementiralief ... tn desperationidespatr, helshe Heshenthey were in fora surprise/shock. Time phrases Before long ... Ending the story Inthe end .., But the story doesn't end there, because > Phrase builderTask.. Preparation for task 41a) Which of the following phroses defintely relate to the story on the left? starving and penniless a halfemply bottle of pertume ashamed ofhersell play atrick had to retire the pupils’ past records begged for money ‘a magsy child whe needed bath in lands of tears the smartest chid in theelass laid cut on the bed great comic actor anate aterm ines 'b) Do you think jt isa funny or a sad story? D The class aivictes nto two halves, & and B.A Took at the story on these pages, B look at the story on? p.108, ‘8) In'small groups, put your pictures in order to make a story. Start with picture b in each story. 'b) Use phrases from Exercise 1, and ask your teacher for other words you need. > Personal vocabulary ¢) Practise telling your story in your graups, > Useful langua; Task ‘Work with someone from the other half of the Class. Tell your story using the pictures to IMlustrate it, D122. 6 bl apeither read the tapeseript on (p.160 or listen to the recording of your partner's story (2. group A listens to story 8, group B listens tostory A) bb) How close was your partner to the original story? What were the differences? 3 Tell your partner where he/she was righvwrong. Which of you was closest to the original story? Optional writing Write @ funny/saditouiching story that you know (either 2 true story or a story from a novel or film that you like). Use phrases from the Useful language box to help you tell the story. imodule 2 Mixed emotions The Tears of a Clown ‘Qh, yah yeah yeah Nowif there’ a smile on my face: {ts only there trying to foo! the public But when it. comes dawn to fooling you Novi, honey, thats quite a different subject Don't lat my glad expeassion Give you the virong (1). Really rmsad Qh.sadderthan sed You're gone and I'm hurting so (2). Like a clown l pretend to be (3) ‘Now there're some sad things known to man But there ain't too much sadder (a. ‘The tears of a clown When there's ne one around Qh, yesh baby ... now if | appear to be carefree its only t6 eamouflage my sadiness Inerder to shield my pride | try To cover this hurt with a show of. But dor't let my show convince you ‘That He been happy (6) mainnenane (words) Decided to o9 Oh, | nead you 7. Song Si The Tears of a Clown Read about Smokey Robinson. Are you as good at rhyming as he was? How many rhyming words can ‘you add to the graups below in three minutes? 9) sad/mad Daa, hay boa b) man/ran 9. expresion/sepresion i) sodness/madness 2) gombiow 1) weat/dare 9) alana 2. © [22 Guess which words goin the gaps (They rhyme with the previous word in red.) Listen and check. 3 Explain the title ofthe song. D0 you behave lke this when you are sad, or do you show your feelings? What about other people you know? 24 Iam hurt ond | wart you to €).. ‘But for others | put on a (9) ‘There're some sad things known te man ‘But there ain't too much sadder (10) . ‘The tears of a clown ‘When there's no-one around ‘Oh, yeah baby. Just like Pagitace! did Itty to keap my ssciness (11) Smiling in the public oye ‘But in my fonely room 1 (12)... ‘The tears of a clown When there's no one around, ‘Oh, yeah, now if there's @ smile on my face Don't let my gled exncession ‘Give you the wrong (13) . ‘Don't lat this emile | woar Make you think that I don't (14) featytn ad ‘Hurting s0 (15) ‘Smokey Robinson was one of the leading American songwriters of the 1960s, known for the clever wordplay of his lyrics. One of his most famous songs is The Tears of Clown, originally a hit in 1967, writing A music review What siforont kinds of music do you enjoy listening to, and in what situations? Whe are your favourite singers/graupsicomposers? 4) Would you find the phrases below in a review of ‘@ concert, an album or both? Use the phrases ta complete the reviews on p.25. (amastertulpedormance — the opening act y deafering opplouse gwvingthe audience 100% Highiyactlalined| » pewertul rendition | refreshingly ew and ciferent ts appeallies in theatmospherechanged the encore | polgnant finelirack voice is unmistakable | | thetegendary. stands out SeMacy Gray at the Roseland Ballroom) Macy Gray's show last Friday id not get off to. an auspicious start, Technical diffcuttes, extra-strict security and an hour-long wait between a swe BG MBCY. Gray's set made the audience impatient and rather tstless. However, the moment the singer and her band appeared, 2) from lethargic to electric, Macy Gray came on in a shimmering red autft and her 13-piecs band were all dressed in white. The show opened with 3)... of Do Something, one of the most danceable tunes on the dabut album On How Life fs, and suddenly everyone was on their feet dancing. as it pulled by a mysterious force, Mss Gray went on to give 4) betting out her personal views on fe, relationships and romance with a fiery passion, As well as the originals, she performed an array of cover versions Which demonstrated her wile variety of musical influences. The best of these were the Beaties’ With a Little Helo from my Friends and Doris Bay's Que Sera Sera. But whatever she sang, it was lear that Gray was 8) and was: getting back the same, When the band finally launched into I Ty, which they had saved until the end of 6) z , the crowd went wii ‘and sang along enthusiastically and very loudly with all the choruses. The show ended with 7) . and chanting from fans demanding another encore, but Ms Gray has enough experience to kevow always leave them Wanting more. | Know that | certainly did 3 a) What information Is contained in each paragraph of the two reviews? bb) Read again and find six more phrases which describe albums and concerts. Use these categories 1 Songs/Tracks - cover versions 2 Voice 3 Audience 4 Concer - echnical dF Ficukies: Artist: Macy Gray Album: On How Life Is Label: Sony ‘The voice of Macy Gray is.a wonderful thing, It oan be sugar sweet on one song, harsh and scratchy of another. The obvious comparison is to Basses Bile Holiday, but there are traces of other influences too, such as Nina Simone and Tina Turner, Yet in the end, Macy Gray sounds like no one ‘but herselt: within ten saconds of any song on her debut album 9) (On How Lie fe, the 10)... Featuring confessional yes sung in a cstinctive ‘earthy’ style, and.a unique blend of hip hop, soul and rock, the album appeals across age and musical boundaries. It takes everything ftom breezy ballads to aggressive dance tunes and makes then scund VA) ontnneenss + OF the Dallnds, the bit # Try definitely 12). ‘a hymn to the joy and pain of romantic dependence, part OF 13) sur the catchy chorus, which showeases Gray's vocal talent, Other tracks which deserve a mention are the smoky ballad, Stil, reminiscent of early Aretha Franklin, the comical /ve Committed Murder, one of the album's up-tempo songs, and the 14) vanes The Letter (On How Life is sounds tke a dre through the neighbourhoeds of contemporary Los Angeles: ral down your window, and you can hear Macy Gray's roots and her inspirations. And if yu haven't got this inspiring album, drive on down to the: record shop and buy it now. Rating: + 4. 2) Think of an album or concert that you have ‘enjoyed recently and make notes on the following + the name(s) of the artist(s. the type of music + reasons why you like the album or enjoyed the concert (e.9, the singer's voice; the atmosphere...) ‘+ descriptions of particularly good songs/tracks, 1b) Write your review. Collect the reviews into a music guide for other students to read.module 3 How you come across Reading: questions about modern manners > Listening: interview witha communications expert > Task: difficult personal situations > writing: emais > Vocabulary: describing behaviour Modals and related verbs: } Patterns with abstract nouns and relative clauses > Real lite: getting people to do things Speaking and vocabulary The right way to behave 71 Read.a journatist's view on manners. Do you agree? believe schools would be far better employed spending an hour a week on manners and chairi, instead of banging on about Maihs. Looking people in the eye, saying thank you, offering compliments at appropriate moments, giving ‘up your seat fo an elderly Indy with shopping, the correct moile of address to a Belgian policeman while inebriated after a victory at football ~ these topics would be much more useful than most of the stuff on the curriculum? Matthew Engel Te Ouaraion, ‘Tucscay Jane 3, 2900 2) Write down six things you were taught about good and bad manners by your parents/at school. Compare lists with other students. 8) Look atthe words in bold, Which describe polite behaviour (+} and which describe rude behaviour (-)? iesvery good manners + ies disrespectiul = ies not considered acceptable itereates a good impression its ower the top its 8 vay of showing respect to in people Itmight make other people feel awiowardiembarrassed 1b) Look back at the ideas on your list in Exercise 2. Could you use any of the phrases in the box above to describe them? ‘vs revolting ‘rs 100 familiar 1S considered gentlemanly Ws sexist rs unhygienic ‘ts unprofessional might be offensive to some people ‘could be misinterpretedIs it the right thing to do? = standing up when a teacher, boss, etc. enters or leaves the room, ‘= men opening doors for women and halping them to take Off and put on their coats «calling people you don't know very well by their first name «dropping in at someone's house without being invited ‘+ smoking in someone élse's house without asking permission ‘+ asking people how much they earn or how old they are ‘© a:mon paying for a woman's meal and drinks if he takes her out on o date * coughing, sneezing or yawning without putting your hand ‘over your mouth + touching people when you talk to them, @.9. patting them con the back or putting your arm round them + shauting oF holding loud conversations in public places ‘+ swearing or blespheming + men whisting or shouting comments at gis they find attractive + couples kissing end cuddling in public + arriving holf an hour fate to @ social engagement (without 1 good reason) + phoning people ater tna o'clock in the evening 4 ¥Social behaviour varies in different situations, Read the list on the left and decide which of these: + isalways/never acceptable + depends on people's ages or the socal context (e.9. at work, with your friends, etc) by Compare answers in groups Explain your opinions, using phrases from the box in Exercise 3 ‘What is the right way to behave in these situations? You could (easily give the \ impression that 7 (think you (might come across as being very Zo vO Alotof x \ people might feel /O—Athink it's \, much better to if you come from different countries, what are the differences? Give a short talk about one of these topics: ‘the kind of rude behaviour that nfusiates you + the six most important things a Cilld should be taught about manners * good manners between: men and ‘women * the soda! taboos in your country that o foreigner should know ‘about > Phrase builder a7module 3 How you come across Reading and vocabulary 1 Discuss these questions. *+ How has people's concept of ‘900d manners changed ‘since your parents’ and grandparents’ generation? + Is there any particular ‘etiquette’ attached to using modern technology, such as cash dispensers. mobile phones, computers, email, ete? ‘2 Read seven questions sent in by readers to a newspaper advice column. Answer the questions below in groups ) What is the query in each ease? b) Hove you ever wondered about ‘any of these things? © What do you think the experts vill vise? 3 Read quickly. Match the answers to the questions. Answer these questions. @) How does fohin Morgan say you should aréet people you are meeting for the first time? b). Why should you only kiss people on the cheek? ‘Explain what a ‘double diary device! Is ) Underine three words/phrases that show John Morgan disapproves of the way the woman with the mobile phone behaved. ©) What does Drusilla Beyfus suggest about the phatos of the ex-girlfriend? f) Ifyou cannot Understand another person's accent, what should you da? @) In what weoys can the person help his friend who has been sacked? Is it OK to discuss the subject with him, or not? erfect behaviour in an imperfect world Q My wife and | recently had a quest ‘who taok two calls on her mobile phone ‘while sho was with us. Both brought the conversation to a halt while we listened in ‘uneasy silence. Can you advise on the ‘etiquette of using mobile phones? | ae ‘my sural space being invaded on lic transport and in restaurants, and Silke my home being tured into someone else's telephone box. ‘kissing. When — Sel geoa bape en arctere? re wo i ‘kiss once, twice or even three times like in some Phrase buildermodule 3 How you come across Grammar extension Modals and related verbs Underline the modal verbs in the sentences below. Match them to the meanings in the box. ° ‘bility advice request for permission zy (unsingnass ) obliga ogieal necessi @) Gan you give me some advice about whot to wear at the welding? (fequest) ) Children, you mast sit quietly ond listen to:me'~ its very nide fo Interrupt. €} Many young people these days just won't accept the Importance of good manners. 4) 'm tertbly sory to ask, but may | use your phone? W's rather urgent ©) My uncle was the most charming man I've ever mel — he could persuade anyone to-do anything! 4) You must be Jolan’s niece ~ it's pleasure to meet you. 9) Inappropriate socal Kissing may cause embarrassment in certain When you're a guest at someone else's house, you should always switch your mobile onte voice mail, i 22) The following sentences contain different modals, and other related verbs. Match them to, the same meanings in Exercise 1. 1 You might offend some of the older people if you ge to the funeral dressed like that 2. My son will carry that for you, don't worry: feremy, help this lady. 3. Would you thank Allson for the kind invitation and ‘vend her my apologies? (request) 4 Sorry to leave catty, but we really ave to get to the ‘lrport or we'll miss our flight! Exeuse me, but could ! ask yet a personal question = where did you buy thase shoes? 6 Tthink you ought to moke an effort 10 be a bit more punctual in future ~ the boss is getting a bit fed up. about it 7. You,can't be Karina's mother, surety? You're far too, young! 8 Nicola was extremely annoyed about the way David behaved at her party the other night, but I think 1 ‘managed to calm her down In the end. 'b) Look at the pairs of sentences with the same ‘general meaning. Is there any difference in the way ‘we use the two modals? Txample: a and 3. Bokh ove requests — ‘woud! is poker and more formal Lhan ‘con’. > Grammar extension bank pp.124 127 Listening and speaking Improving your communication skills Read the information below. Are you surprised at this survey? Have you ever been shy? \When asked in a suey, 25 per cont of the people Interviewed said that they: were chronically ay. and 80, per cent said that thay had taon shy at sometime i {hoi He, 69 per cont said that they would ike to improve: their communication skis, 2 took at the situations below and discuss these questions in groups. How confident/nervous Would you feel in these situations? Explain why, * socialising at a party where you only know one or ‘two people * suggesting a social arrangement (e.g. a drink) to 0 new acquaintance or colleague ‘meeting your boyfriend or girifriend's parents (or the first time + asking a friend oF colleague to do you a big favour * talking to someone you fancy for the first time * socialising for the evening with a group of people You feel are senior to you (senior colleagues, your Parents’ friends, et.) * giving a ten-minute presentation to a group of fifien or twenty people * making a light-hearted speech at a wedding or a party making a complaint (eg. in 4 restaurant or shop) ig someone you know you should have 3 2a you think you would do these things in any af the situations above? (phish shake plegle slurnp and look bored tlifartoomueh stumble aver your words Setembtional or aggressive avoid ey@ contact Tok stiff and uncanttortable dey up and nat be ble to think of. wthing ta say4 © B11 Youare going to listen to a radio interview with Rosemary Bailey, an expert on ‘communication skills. a) Which two situations in Exercise 2 does she refer to? >) Which of the things in Exercise 3 does she feel is important to ‘avoid [n these situations? } What tips docs she give for the best way to behave in these situations? 5; Work in pairs. which ofthese statements do you think are true? Can you remember what Rosemary said? 8) People communicate less effectively with people they perceive as being very different from themselves. ') In social situations, the more questions you ask, the better, ©) You should never pause during conversations with people you don’t know very well, 4!) You shoudn’t look people in the eye for too lang or you may give the wrong message, #) When complatning, don’t be Aistracted by listening too closely to what the other person is saying. 1) Wevery usetul If you summarise the other person's point of view at the end of your complaint. 9) Many people naturally have good communication skills. 6 Listen again i necessary, and check. What else did Rosemary say > about these things? Did she say anything you disagree with? Phrase builder Patterns to notice Patterns with abstract nouns and relative clauses In-complex seetences, there is often an abstract noun followed by 3 relative clause: People often have problems communicating in situations where they're unsure of who they're speaking to. ‘Alot depends on the way in which/that you say it Different nouns collacate with differont relative pronauns. Notice these: There are many reasons why communications skills are important. There's no reason why you should fee! uncomfortable We have'scen several cases where people have started arguing, It is easy to reach the point where you become over-emational. We seem to be going through a period in which communications dare very difffeutt [No one (s sure of the extent to which thls will affect business ‘One of the key elements of clear communication is the part where you summarise what the other person says. ‘Complex sentences like these are found in both writing and speech, 7, 28in the pairs of sontoncos using some of the phrases above. You wail need to shorter/change some of the sentences slightly, Start with the word underlined. Example: Make other people feel important, Many experts say that charm «depends on how much you do this. many experts say bhak choy depends on the exbent Lo which ypu make obher people Feel: important. 9) b 0 a 9 4 9) People talk too much and don't listen properly because they are nervous T have seen many situations ike this. How you stand or sit while you are talking is important, People often Judge you unconsciously by this. The two people invotved remember different things from the same conversation. ft 4s. quite common to eome acrass eases ike this Nervous people forget to smile or make sympathetic noises. There are various reasons. Aer an emotional argument, calm down ond think Phrase builderMonica's parents are ‘very protective, and had ‘ahways refused to alow her to attond university in m city 100k marsy: However, when her aunt and uncle bought « fat there for her cousin, Jul, ‘they agreed to let her qo, if she lived with Julia. Monica knew Julia was.a bit spoit, But thay had always got an fine, and Monica Was happy to share with hes. Howover, she has-seen another side of Julia since they started lving together. Her cousin never invites Monica to join in when she has friends round, and is. ‘sellish in all sorts of small ways. She switches the TV over when Monica is watching something, plays ‘musie ato-at night wehen she Kris Mania has saity lectures next day, and uses Monica's clothes, make~ up and foad without asking. She acts as it Monies ‘owes nee something. aven though Monica's father is paying rent: Monica lies college, but living with Julia ‘is spoiling everything, and she feels she needs to speak to someone. But who? Her aunt and uncle can ‘S08 no wrong in their daughter, and she's afraid that er parents might maks her go hams. She's droped hints to Jato, but Julia hasn't responded. She's been ‘asking fends’ advice. exams and dropped cut of university: He got 2 job for thes months but was sacked for being: unreliable. Sinos then he seems.to va fallen nto go back to college, and hardly goes aut, He's very intelligent but hrahiy sensitive young man, and tends to fly off tho handia the feels he's . Task Task a} In groups, choose one of the problems to discuss b) Work individually, Make a list of all the different options for handling the problem. Ask your teacher for any vocabulary you need > Personal vocabulary 2D Discuss in your groups * Compare your individual lists. * What are all the options for tackling the problem? * What would be the worst thing you could do, in your opinion? + What else should you avoid? + What is the best thing to do? (It could be a ‘eombination of ideas). Useful language Present-your conclusions to the class. I you cannot agree, explain why and find out what the class think Optional writing Write a playscript for a scene in which you discuss the problem with the person involved. Does it go as you planned, or does it all go wrong? How does it end up? Act your scene out for the rest of the class.module 3 How you come across Writing emails 1 al How often do you use email? Think of three differences between emails and ordinary letters. 1b) Read the introduction to the article below, What ‘you think the problems are? 2 Work in pairs, Think of advice fer wrlting emails to colleagues and to friends. Read the articie. Underline any good advice you didn’t think or ‘The explosive growth of email has created new problems, mainly because there has never been a definitive guide to common standards and expectations. Shirley Taylor offers advice. ‘Today's way of conducting business is informal so that's what we should aim for in our business: writing too — a friendly, conversational style. We should use short words and simple expressions, short sentences and paragraphs which are clear ‘and conelso but still courteous. The only place for standard overuséd clichés like ‘Please find attached herewith’ and ‘Please be advised’ is the: rreeycle bin. ‘Messages which are sent without much thought ‘or planning, with important details missing, or ‘with spelling and punctuation errors, ereatea very: bac Impression. Similarly, the common courtesies ‘of a greeting and sign-off should not be negleeted ‘or the sake of speed. Finally, 2 moment taken to fill in the ‘Subject" line will be appreciated by a ‘busy recipient, who will be able to see what your ‘email is about before they decide to open it. High on the list of annoyances but could look out of place fin ¢ main point is: don't averdo it Last but not least, remember that ‘computer you're talking to, it's @ real Live human being — some people seem oblivious to the fact that wee nee ee a ‘you intend to convey. ‘and should be avoided untess excitement: WE WON!" 3 Find examples in the emails below where the writer does not follow the advice in the article. Doar Lucia {don't knew i you'l remember me = We mat at George Rama's party last year. Anyway. Georgi tld me you're ‘moving fo Bacrs soon = that’s great paws YOU MUST ‘CONE ANO SEE US AS SOON AS YOU GET HERE saw someone alse you know last cit wen wad London — Paula Stovens — BTW. did you knove that ‘SHE'S GETTING MARRIED 7722 AFAIK to a guy caled Dieter who so mat inthe summer: “Anyway, UM when Vou ariva tM, GTS ace, KIT Ceci Thanks for yours, We have the contract te you today by ‘uhich you should recieee Plaave lt me know lands, And # you have ary questions. its important that you sgn and date alt the pages. cvising that we have today Aaspatched to you a copy of ’AN about Hany Patior accordance with your omer of 12.04.02, and oan herewith our invoice forthe sum of $18.05. However we reget to infor you that "Walking wih Dinosaurs fs out of fant ofthis moment in imo. although we are endeavouring to acquita a copy fom one afour reat cutets. A Rewrite the emals, following the advice in the article. Campare ideas in pairs.Write an emai tor one of the following situations: «You have seen a job advertised on the Intemet, Decide on the name of the company and what the ‘advertised position Is. Werte an email showing interest In the position ond asking for more ‘information about \t, + Anold schoo! friend who you have not seen for ‘several years has fnvited you to a school reunion, Write an email asking for more information about the reunion (eg. Will there be other guests? Haw formal ist? Are partners allowed?) andl offering to help with the preparations in some way. * You have an important meeting (decide the day and the time), but your have realised that you won't be able to make it, Welte an email to your colleague asking if the meeting can be reschedluled and suggesting another time/day. & Exchange your emal with another student (send it Hf you cant). Check your partner's work, bearing in mind the advice in the article. Real life Getting people to do things 4] 528.21 The pictures show four situationsin which one person wants another person to do something. Can you guess what the situations are? Listen and check. 2. 8) Which phrases in the box below are used for: Interrupting someone? ‘esking for help/persuading? refusing to do something? ‘asking someone to walt? ‘agreeing to-do something? ‘ve you m the middie of something? tyousays0. Mibenghewinyou dart see why | should Cant ask 2 edly realy big tavaur? Oh, allright than ‘Oh, goon | wonidarf youmight be able to help 1 you'ljust bear wth me fora minute Id.be realy grateful Shall come back tater? Sorry to disturb you We would very much appreciate it |_Imustask younatto use your mobe phone bb Listen again and copy the intonation on the recording, Q a) Choose the best adjective to describe each speaker's attitude. ‘annoyedrelictant ‘uncooperative ‘ity polite \ cont) ‘coonerative ‘extremely polite b) Read the tapescripts on p. 162. Underline other phrases that show the speakers’ attitudes ~ as 5 below. dj, Work in pairs to prepare a short dialogue (15-20 lines). Use the questions on p.114 to help you. ‘Act out your dialogue for the class, Listen to other students’ dialogues. Decide what the request is, where the people are, end what the attitudes of the two speakers are. 35> rs vrvy ov y 36 Reading: complementary therapies Listening: extracts from seitthelp books Task: decide who wins the award Writing: an information leaflet Vocabulary: body and sparit Adjectives and adverbs Patterns with comparatives and superlatives Wordspot: body idiams Mind, body and spirit Vocabulary and speaking Body and spirit 41 a) Match the two halves af the sayings, What do they mean? 1 Healthy body... 9) 2. The eyes... b) 3 Youare ... Q 4 Man does not live ... ¢ 5 No pain... ° by bread alone, no gain, healthy mind, what you eat are the window to the sou 'b) Which sayings do you think are true? Are there similar sayings in your language?{D Read the questions above, checking the phrases in-bald if necessary. ‘Mark them B if they relate to body, $if they relate to spirit or Bis if they relate to both, 3 Tek (7) atleast ten questions that you would be happy to-iscuss. 4 2) Change books with a partner and look atthe questions he/she ticked. Think of suitable follow-up questions. areyou Yes, actually, allergic-to anything? {'m allergic to nuts, b) Ask and answer your questions, Tell the class anything interesting ‘you discovered about your partner. > Phrase builder 37module 4 Mind, body and spirit Reading and speaking Many people nowadays say that they are stressed Make a list of reasons for this, and a list of ways of dealing with stress. Compare in groups. 2 Putthe phrases below in the best category. Mark them § if they are related to stress, Rif they relate to relaxation feeling tense getting things into perspective feeling worked up things getting on top of you taking things in your stride chilling out being In a trance taking a step back finding ir difficult to unwind getting pains in your chest feeling bad-tempered doing breathing exercises Look below at the introduction of an article from ‘The Observer magazine. What is it about? Match the four therapies in the introduction to the photos. What do yau think these treatments involve? Can you add any more complementary therapies to this list? Colour therapy, Thal yoga massage, hypnotherapy or acupuncture? Four highly stressed teachers put a range of altemative therapie’s to the test.‘Allson Hatch teaehes class Of seven and efght-yearlds ‘Totten get stressed ar work, and it makes me feel baditempered and really ‘worked up. get pains in my chest and an infection flares upin my hair and egebrows. Tm very open-minded about alternative medicine Prescribed Hypnotherapy, which Involves being induced into alight ance state usually by closing your eyes and Istening to the therapist's voice ‘Though it directs itself to your unconscious mind, you remain aware of yoursurroundings. “Alison says, We spent a farge part ofthe first session looking back at ‘my medicat history and miy ie from when I was very small, She asked me. ‘what was stressed abour, to which the answer was “Everything”, ‘The discussion was almost like therapy, id describe a stressful scenario, and she would {ook at itin a different way, explaining haw things that happened in my childhood affect my reactions now. ‘afterwards, she taught me breathing exercises for relaxation. Then she ‘90 meta lle down and imagine a special place where | could goto relax. | thought of a rock poo! in a green lagoon. She said that after she counted {0 ten wery stowdly she wanted me to\be in my relaxed place in my mind, Which was where fended up. ‘She would then talk through whatever problems had come up at the beginning of the sessian, then she counted back to ten and took me out The idea was that, when stressed, | wauld beable ta close my eyes and ‘remember that state of total relaxation and it's true, can take myself back there if want to. The infection hasn't been a problem since | started the {reatment: When | find a dassroom stressful. take a step back, breathe and te mysef to chillout. A boy came up to me in the classroom the ‘other day and sald, "Miss, what are You doing? and | said, “lim counting to.ten, Alex”? Read about th 1 teacher whe tried hypnotherapy and complete the first column of the grid at the bottom of the page 6 aor in gro ups of three, Students A, B and C. Each read about one of the other ‘therapies. Complete the correct ‘column of the grid, ‘Text 2 Colour Therapy p.108 ‘Text 3 Thal Yoga Massage p.111 ‘ext 4 Acupuncture p.1i4 'b) Tell your partners about the text ‘you've read, Listen and complete the rest of the grid 7. 2) Rank the therapies from 1 fe most successful), to 4 (= least successful. Explain why. ‘by Discuss these questions. + Which factors seem to affect how successful + Would you like the therapy was? tory any of these theraples? Why/Why not? + The four people in the articles ‘aye primary school teachers, Do you think that ts. stressful job? Which other jobs do you think are stressful and wiry? > Phrase builder Continuing treatment? Yes ‘Alison Ray Dayle jackie Hypnotherapy ‘Colour therapy Thal yoga ‘Acupuncture a _ | ~ | mastage Hisiher symptoms of strese ] Initial attitude to therapy Bef description of therapy Relationship with practitionermodule 4 Mind, body and spirit _ Grammar extension Adjectives and adverbs How many of the quiz questions below can you do without looking ‘back at the reading texts? Count up your score (maximum points 30), | Where do the adjectives in brackets go in the following sentences fram the texts? 4) never gat that feoing of energy back agin: (iestang) | paine b) | feel iff do things for myself. (selfish) ¥ Though it dnecs itself to your mind. you remain of your surroundings (aware. unconscis) 2 edn 4) ‘The practioner did a consuitation. (intial thereugh) 1 For two bonus points: find an eximple above of an acibutive adjective, aid an example ofa predicative adjective. 2. Some of the adjectives In the text have two parts. What is the mifsing part of the adjective in these sentences! a) Remakes me feet tempered and really worked 2 potnes by fim very oper. about alternative meticine. { paine ‘¢) My husband has even noticed a difference in me. He thinks Tm much more —__.._ back about things. | poine For two bonus points: think of two more adjectives formed from phrasal verbs (ike the second example in 2a). 3. Form the from the noun in brackets. Tea a) Vd describe. sstenano, and she Would look at it inadifierent way. 1 poing b) | felt quite (energy) after the first session, | point €), We spenta lange part af the frst session looking back at try (nec) history. point. For two benus points: think of two more adjectives which send jn each of these ways (no poines if you can't come up wit all sid) 4. What profixes were uted with those adjectives? 8) When | get siressed at work | pet very active. 1 pine i), She gave me.a lot of advice on parsonal relationships. | pnt For five bonus points: think of five more prefixes which modiiy the meaning of adjectives, and exphain whar they mean. 5) We use adverbs of degree ‘reatly, tc) to change ‘the meaning of ‘adverts were used with ‘the adjectives below? 3) Four ‘reseed teachers put 2 range of akematve therapies to the test. 1 point: by elt ‘cnergetc after the first sestion. V pale © twas “septical beforehand 1 pine ‘For two bonus points: think of four more adverts of degree ‘which inadiy che meaning af adjectives. ‘2 Use the texts to check answers you are unsure of, > Grammar extension bank pp.128= 131 Listening Self-help books Discuss these questions + Whot kind of things do seléhetp books give advice aboiut? + Do you ever buy selt-help books? + Have you found them useful? 2 The headings below come from selhelp books about relaxation. Choose two or three and guess what the advice will be, 6} Water while-you-woit b) Musical relief ©) Empty your brain @) Your mind ©) Unblocking your emotional flow 0) Skipto-it 9) Stressed out? 1h} Getting rid of the clutter in ‘your life 1); Stress in the workptace ). Instant air-conditioning Ky Colour your thoughts 1) New beginnings 3, (41) the advice you wi hear comes from two books, one gives serious advice, the other is-ajoke. Listen and mark the headings for a}-m) in Exercise 2s follows: (#) = from the serious selthelp ‘book (D = from the joke self-help book (@) = not sure yet, need to understand it better 4 2) Work in airs: How much of the advice can you remember? Listen again and check. b) Which serious pieces of advice were usefulinot very useful? Which jake/advice did you lke best? > Phrase builder~/ Patterns to notice Patterns with comparatives and superlatives a) Complte these sentences from the recording scripts with a comparative or supertative. Notice the pattems in bald. 1 Skipping is ome of the quicker/quickest ways of getting up your The better/best thing about ski ace oF €Xpen 3 There is nothing mare seothing/most soothing than a cup of herbal tea. ing ts, you don't need lots of time, | by Here are three ether common patterns 1 The older you get, the less energetic/the more unfit you become | The more yo ing, the easier/the less al cts mn it becomes. 2 What could be more refreshing than a coal drink ona het summer's day 3 A brisk walk is the most eff f exercise, 5, © [4.21 Use the box to complete the gaps. Notice thore are four extra words, Listen and check your answers, than among less one the Some better that more triinake Heche Ueland edimoclllal “Thc ancient art of reading someone's pal has always been (3 the mest poplar ways of forecllngthe Fru... feral. you dont Have o «(tis that tt doesn’t require 4 lot af «But many are sceptical chat palm reading has any scientific bass wall. (4)... coud be more ridiculons () nnmarnnt the dea that oue future can le predisted from the sandom lines. which help fer to ‘predic’ the fire. while the mare eynical the ‘victim i, SRNR sai ay, these ess Wraaich Te ‘Hoonevereientists atthe University of Barcelona have discovertd that palenistry _nay have some basis in siemific rth. Having compared the palms of 140 clldren, chey discovered that (9) ‘hive on theie palms, the more (10). Tmpaired. And the existence of a Simian line~ a tare crease across the palm ~ “Appears 10 be (11) cccninensu OF the most reliable indicators of mental ‘deficiency, This may be connected with events between the thirteenth and ‘more guaranteed to cheer you ‘up chan the:news thar you're about to mect a tall dark stranger who ‘will change ‘your if for the better! a» module 4 Mind, body and spirit Personal vocabulary Useful language @ Explaining your choice | He shawed great courage! determination in the way he. Helshe could easily have (done). She must have felt ternfied about... They took a big risk when they What particularly strikes! i limpressesime about .. : isthe fact that. | They seta great example to. She is @ positive role model He risked his life to _ b Expressing reservations Personally, | don’t think she i should have ... You could argue that It was a bit stupidinaive to .. ¢ In your speech We found it difficult to come to an agreement .. After a great deal of aiscussion .. In the end, we decided ... Lam very proud to prese the award to. The first prize goes to... > Phrase builder Task: who wins the award? Preparation for task Read about the ‘Mind, body and spirit” award on the right. From the pictures, can you guess what any of the finalists achieved? 2D [ta Listen to news items describing what these people did. Make brief nates about: + wherein what context it happened what they did why they did ivhow they feel about it 3 2) Work in pairs and B. Listen again for mare detall. Student A should listen mast closely to stories 1, and 3 and Student B should listen most closely to stories 2 and 4. 1b) Compare answers, explaining ta your partner the details of the stories ‘you listened to most closely. Fiona and Mike ThornwillPte) tse) a Mind, body and spirit is « popular TV programme featuring human interest stories about people who have shown exceptional physical, mental ‘or moral courage, ina wide range of situations. At the end of the series, the “Mind, body and spirit’ award is presented to one of the people who have featured in the programme, with a prize of £10,000 (£5,000 for the runner-up). An Internet poll of ‘viewers has produced the short-list of finalists in the pictures. The Have-a-Go Golden Girls’: Joan Windsor, Jean Douglas and Anne Aylward . Task .. Task 4, a) Work individually. spend five to ten minutes thinking about the candidates’ experiences, and the ways in which they showed courage. Ask your teacher for any vocabulary you need. > Personal vocabulary by Write down the nominaes in order from 1 to 4 ; (t= the peopleiperson, who most deserve(s) the award). Note down twa or three reasons next ta the personipeople. 2.2) Work in groups of about four. You are the panel who decides who gets the award. Compare your list of arguments with the rest of the graup, > Useful language a and b b) Decide on the winner and the runner-up for the award, 3 Spend a few minutes preparing a short speech explaining your choice to the class, b Useful language c Listen to the other groups' decisions. Are their arguments the same as yours? Have any of the arguments convinced you to change your mind? Optional writing Write a short news article describing the awards ceremony, Use these guidelines. * Make the winner (and to a lesser extent the na up) the main focus of the article: describe what he/she has achieved, why the panel chese hirn/her, and include’some imaginary quotes fram the delighted winner, © Refer briefly fo the other finalists, their achievernents ‘and possibly why they were not chosen. + Remernber to refer briefly to the TY programme, and describe the atmosphere at the award ceremony, etemodule 4 id, body and spirit Wordspot Idioms to do with the body 11 Usetthe definitions in blue to guess the appropriate part of the body in the la tocryen {= a sympathetic listener) 2 keep a straight {> stop yourself from laughing) raising 3 every sca 4 turma blind . ‘© pretend not to no S$ {UIM YOUR wyiiene UP at something reat something with contempt) ? upto your (© totally busy and ovenvhelmed by work} 8 get your round something (= understand something difficult) 9 sending (extremely sad aid moving) 10 to have butterflies in you ( feel very nervous before you de something) Sigs down 11 win («win easly) 12 all fingers and . (very, very clumsy) 13 pull someone's 2 (© make fun of somebody} 14 put your init (~ Say something that upsets somebody) 2D Spend a few minutes studying the idioms. Which of them could refate to: 4) food and drink? &) worry, sadness or nerves? embarrassing siuotions? @) humour? ©) stressful situations? ) sport? 3, Workin pairs. student A looks at the card on P-106 and reads out the questions. Student B answers using one of the body idioms. Student 8 Jooks at the card on p.109 and reads out the ‘questions. Student A answers using one of the body idioms. > Phrase builder a4 Writing Aleaflet 1 2 Look at the leaflet on p.45. What is it for? What other places have leaflets like this? Match the headings below to the correct section of the leaflet. Why are the headings questions? ‘Think of questions for the other four sections. Who are the trainers? ‘What iff don't have much face time? How long do ! have to join for? ‘What other foclities are there? 3 1 Magee Complete this advice for writing leaflets using the ‘words and phrases below. The. should be visually attractive, Itis.a good idea to use. » llustrations, ‘colours, etc. The language should not be ‘The information given should move from the [( toocompler layout bullet points standout.) sentences lorgblocks of prose generalto the specie. ‘You have been asked to write a leaflet for a nevr arts centre in your area, Use the notes below and the advice in Exercise 3. 5 ‘Put your leaflet on the classroom wall for other ‘students to read. Which leaflet is the most effective and why?8, Nth ce™ FERENT WAY TO GET A DIF Fit FOR LIFE al bccnsnnnn unlike other-centres: Fiddle ollocates 2 Pe! ia every membs help you to set an individuatixed exercise rogramme. You don't even Tavs fo go to the gym ~your tain’? can provide you with an exer alep to use at homes If thet sits you better v)- ‘All ous traine instructors who have ? ‘or fve years’ experience In personal taming. Tel aim Hermotvate and give pele ane advice, in 0 friendly “Famiy atmosphere, 5 are qualified minimum a No probe ee desic n OUF centr sled fou Worse ne te we you a short Program i me to ea Gem Back into exeicce, Je ise and help you te ae 2 Your tite. Ye 9Ular part of Fut 5 CaN only 5 i pare hal ce 8 fen mest benelicial wey ne fed the ita ay for Ost of our cenmes eto 28 e ‘earl Weck when thee 2 fOU ti IY Open at 7am, ese 50 YOU could ir Sasily ft i in the gym before cue an hour a. Yes, we can, E Teme can Eve cone Auton een ae cn a a ‘you, based on, rece lifestyle. oF sim elena 9 oe ‘Other facilities include: a dally fitness classes Such as aerobics, kick boxing and Yoo? treatments such as massage 2nd physiotherapy. # sauna and steam foom, a range of healthy refreshments timetable of g) 2 ‘You can join for as little 2s four weeks to start with, We have 2 range of membership deats from ‘one month to 8 Yeer Py pen eratenintsrtn To find out where your nearest entre ts, give us 2 call on 0800 2312000, of visit our website at fitasafiddle.com. 45toverbs > Wordspot: way Vocabulary and speaking Education Work in groups. Write the alphabet on a piece of paper. nit to each letter write oneUa SS Ate. ‘year is the time when there are schoo! or university B ‘time, when students can have a breather’ inthe US R called recess, Many ponnk’s taoutte part ot the schoo! day G is for a series of lessons in a particular subject. t could be'a crash eee rorasher nnn OF a foundation D's for dagree, diploma, to drop out of untvocsty. E stor Soho (as i's known in thr US) — in the UX its: ‘primary sciiol, You go there from aye-6 to age 11, ‘stor footy tna exame, uber education. lor sch ds trade in many courbes to Wear 4 Cap and gow a you receive your degree: 4s for high school, higher education, history. ‘The Invemet. infant school, instructor, _schodl — in the UK this is 2 schoo! for 7—11-year- 2 high schoo for children aged 1214. K forndergarten Kids, nimi. L te university studants should attend them and take ‘oles, but sometimes they skip them! 1M sureore wich show hoe ol you di est - fat Per cent (unlike grade, wich a ete) Ws for mugery school, pumeracy, note-taking. earming — in ote words, studying via the Inert. teacher: af university: in the UK, higher-ranking than & mam is 100 ‘Should’ that be the one Rone W and one A?! 'S ‘5 for secondary school, school subjects, scholarship. eimai education — education at a college, university, et, Wf venonmonn = a stutent staying ota fist degree, 28 epposed ‘ova postgraduate, studying for a Master's or PhD, WV efor. ‘courses; which tnelp you to do a speci job. |W. 5 for bork experience, workited, workshotc, x ‘Ys for Yala, one ofthe USA's mist prtigious Unresibes 2 is for zoology, which you can take a depres in. 2) Mark the sentences below () if they are true in your country, (x) If they are not true, and (7) if you're mot sure, © Children start learning the Three fs from the age of about six + The academic year begins in September. Most undergraduates take five or six years to finish their degrees, and many drop oat university + University lecturers and professors are badly paid + Childten at elementary school are usually required to wear a uniform. + More than two-thinds of students in tertiary education + Schoolchildren are allowed to smoke during breaks, + Many postgraduates ge abroad to study, + Secondary sehool students can slo vocational courses as well as Courses in academic subjects «People celebrate graduation day by jumping Into fountains, + ‘There are skills shortages in many areas, so older people are being encouraged to go back to college and do refresher courses. + Lectures are often attended by more than $00 students + More and more people are doing online language courses ‘b) Correct the sentences that are not tue, then, in pairs, compare and discuss your answers. 4. Which of the things in Exercise 3 would you like to See changed in your country? b) Think of three other things about the education system in your country that you would like to change. Compare answers with other students. > Phrase builder 47module 5 Learning for life Reading and speaking Education: fact or myth? Look at the headlines of the five articles. Without reading the articles, decide whether you think they are faets (F) or myths (M). Read the articles and find out what the latest research suggests. Were you right? Are the hheadtines correct summaries of each article? 3 Tick (7) the best summary of each article according to the information in the texts, 1. Watching TY programmes 4) seems to benefit all;children up to the-age of 16, ) Is particularly bencfical for 2- and 3-year-olds. ©). is good for toddlers whatever the programme, 2. According to Richard Roberts, ‘evening types’ do belter in intelligence tests because 4) they steep more. 1) of their genetic inheritance. ©) they did the tests.in the evening. 3. According to Matthew Melmed, the best way for parents to help their children would be 4) teenrol them in extra classes )_taspend more-time with them. © to put less pressure on ther. 4 According to Dutch selentists, the children’s stress disorders are probably mainly caused by 9) the inability to steep, ») problems at schoo ©) being separated from thelr parents 5 Itappears that the ‘brain zapper’ 9) has only been success in some oases. b) had a negative effect generally, ©) tsuseful for teaching young children. {Find the nine words and phrases in bold in the texts. Suggest an alternative word with the same ‘meaning, Use the context to help you. better ‘Example: o heed start in life 15 Discuss these questions 0), Which research did you find most surprising? b) Do you think ony ofthe findings might be dubious? Are the trends described in articles 3 and 4 hoppening in your country too? > Phrase builder 4 © Waiching TV is bad for REE you childs Iida stat i Mo, a the in the television, © std of 200 American has revealed that toddlers so watch velop, mare quickby than thos who do without, On average, the her ond: threeyearolds who waiched TV scored 10 p higher in teciding, maths and vocobulory, However, the programmes hove to be oimed ot heir age grovp ~childien derive no benelis from watching TV designed fovaduls. Television opens up the wold to many young chidren and gives thom @ hod ste, which is sustained in improved academi ochievemont throug! Huston of the Universiy of Texas, But the postive impact al TV declines with age, reports The Sundoy Times, Okder children who watch more thon 16 hours of TV a week pertorm worse than thet peess. preschoolers ut thal school lives,’ soid Aletha he hppit dos EAE ne in five medérn children sues from anxieties seme that they should be clossiied cx psychotic Aisordors, soy scientists from the University of Monaticht. The masarchers interviewed 290 Duich primary school children aged bemween eigh! and thivaen; 20 percent of them ware beset wih {Onis $6 Sefious tha they limited their abilty Jocr! notmal ves, repens. The Dally Meal Many had trouble sleeping: some were altoid to leave thei homes: others tnd picblems inleracting with their peers. ‘Nobody Is really sure exactly wny this is, but these disorders aie caused by children internaliting thie orwioty’ said child paychionist Peter Maris, This could be caused by parents being away from thet children for long periods or by children being stressed at school. A paren! who dees nat spend time with their child could miss out on the foct that the child hos the problem, meaning It can go unheated ond get worsa,the early bied catches the AAA The: warly biel may ‘bu! peop lle oround in bed In the recaning ond work into the evening are move intaligent, according to Richard Robers of the University of Sydney, The scientists cashed 400 volunioers to fill in-questionnaives to work contidéred themsehes earlysising “morning cach was then the wor ity ond momory less. The ing types" had result indicate that, conirary be con wisdom, evening types are meee likely Jo have hig) legioiph. Ho olso suggested thot the link behween yence ond working Iola mary be’o hangover from prehistoric times, when those vho-were stil lat coer dark would be more likely 16 survive otfacks by nocturnal predator * Inieligence scorss,” Roberts told Tha Sunday ® We all have genivs ilme For years, sch Is have speculated that the folents possessed by socalled ‘idiots savonts! ~ as depicted by Dustin Hollman in the film Rain Man — may be occesuble to us all. According la Professor Allan Syd cf pwniching olf the conscious part ofthe brain, ‘ boliove thot wach of us has norconseious machinery 10 do extracedinary an, extraordinary memory, evtacedinasy mathemacol celeulatiors, he told The Daily Mail, Now, Dr Robyn Young of Flinders rosie br ical skily of 17 voluntears, Using a technique known os transcranial magne Dy Young switched of the conscious part woluntesrs’ brains, then tested their skis in co ‘and mathem cf the University of Sydney, itis just a question University in Adeloide has tied lo prove the thecry by Zapper to release the artistic @® Pushy parents help children Pushy parents may ba-doing their children mare harm than good, says Woshingtenbased childcave expert Matthew Melned, Profesional povenls haquently oveesimulate babies and laddlers ond buy them educational toys that are too old fox tham in the beliaf that they ote improving their prospects. in foct, faced with 50 cond give up completely. Worse stl, the children recognise thal they ax paten’s and this sense of follure eats away a! thal salfesteem, The sppointin wearing comes ts an everinctaating ronge of educational maresl is being produced foe the vary young. In the US, ‘hyperparenting’istle, soys Joanna Coles in The Times. Expectant mothers are pressured nfo buying CDs such os Mazert lor Mothers fo Be: ("Build your baby’s rein!) while no selbeespecting ewbom would be without educsional videos cluding Baby Einstein cond Baby Shakespeare By tho age of one envoiment in a plethora of classes, fram languages to crithmetic; Is de viguev or chawing: The process did rot wun thant into geniuves, but five showed improved performar Br Young believes that he technique could ex bbe used to help children learn to recd) or adults 10 pick up @-niew kenguage. kn the meantime, however, the "brain, zapper’ seems to do as: much damage to th Volunteers to get iheir brain zapped,’ admin ‘One guy got los! on is way to work the day of the demands, the childten may become fushoted a9module 5 Learning for life Patterns to notice Particles which add meaning to verbs ‘Many verbs in English are followed by a preposition’ particle: Here are three basic types ‘A. Verbs with depehdent prepositions, The preposition does not add tothe meaning of the verbs but is grammatically necessary. 1 The programmes have to be aimed at their age group. 2. One in five modern children suffers from anxiety 8. Phrasal verbs (a) The verb and particle together havea new meaning which cannot be guessed from their twa separate meanings 1 Children may become frustrated and-give up (= stop) completely. 2. Scientists asked volunteers 16 complete questionnaires to work out (= calculate/discover) if they were morning or evening types. Notice there are few consistent patterns with types A and 8. They have to be remombered individually and ‘checked in a lctionary. C_Phrasal verbs (b) In other phrasal verbs, the vert keeps its normal basic meaning, but the particle adds to ‘or modifies it. 1 People who lie around in bed in the morning are more intelligent. around adds the idea of pointless activity/inactivity See also: ‘messing around, faring around, lounging around 2. This.sense of failure eats away at their self-esteem, ‘away adds the idea of something happening constantly/for a fong time. See also: chicsting away, working away, oping avy ‘There are patterns in the way these particles are used, Here are some more examples: lack up, rinileat up, tidy up ‘work on, carry.on hand out, share out, send out up = completely ‘on = continuation people out 2) =toudly) speak out, shout out, call out publicly down (1) = becoming slow down, calm dawn less own (2) onto paper write down, take down, note sawn off = to another place drive off, run off > Phrase builder 6 {00k ot the pairs of sentences below. Haw does the particle in b) change the meaning of the verb inayr 1 a) There was already someone sitting outside the door when | got to the classroom. bb) We spent the whole day sitting around at home, ‘watching videos. 2 a) Do you know if its legal for schools to copy’ vvideo tapes? 1) The teacher wiote the answers on the Dblackboard, and we all copied them down. 3 0) Weturned the comer and sow the village a few hundred metres away. b) Can you tum down the radio. bit, please? 4 a) My brother came to see me at the alrport. b) Mybrather came to see me aff at the airport. Sa} Because of suspension, Loper can’t play in Sunday's match, b) After recelving treatment from the physiotherapist, Lopez was able to play on. 6 0) Hove you read any books by 1.K. Rowling? 'b) The teacher chase Jane to read out her ‘composition. 7 0) Did the teacher give you any homework for the ‘weekend? }) The teacher gave out the exam papers. ® 0) We used green paint for the bathroom ceiling. b) Weve already used up the paint you bought the ‘other day. 7 Bod apartile to the appropriate verb inthe sentences below, to improve the meaning. 1a) For the firs few chapters, you might find the book a bit slow, but if you read there's a lot more action, ‘b) Tewosn'ta serious aecident, but we took each other's name and address (©) We're planning to send over a thousand invitations to the opening party, )Tdon’t know why he was so upset: he fust walked ‘without saying a word, ©). Ie-was so frustrating to be left hanging, waiting for fhews. 1) 1 don’t soe why we shouldn't complain: I really think Ws time sorncone spoke. @) He waited for the boos and whistles to die before he spoke, hh) Didn't your mother ever tell you to eat all your ‘vegetables?Listening and speaking What life skills should you learn at school? 11 Discuss thase questions in groups. a) Were you taught many practical skills at school, or was the focus mainly on academic subjects? 1b) How many of the things below: did you learn? Which do you think would have been most useful? Citizenship. Cookery DIY and woodwork. Drama ‘Drug and alcohol awareness Economies Fist ai Foreign Innguages How to-work im a team Managing your finances Note-taking and study skills Personal organisation Racism awareness Sex education Typing 2. i Is:11 Nine people were asked 'Are there any practical skills that you wish you'd been taught at school?” Listen to their answers, and answer the questions. 10), Which topics from Exercise 1b) ‘are mentioned? Number thom Im the order you hear them. b) Which person had no complaints about his/her education? Why? 9 What reasons did the other people give? Whose comments do you most identify with? 3, S821 Now listen to a radio interview with Willam Atkinson, the head teacher of Phoenix High School in London, in which he discusses the life skills that they try to teach in his schoo! 8) Underline the skills from Exercise 1 that he mentions. b) Why does he think they are important? Listen again. Correct the statements that are not true about Willam ‘Atkinson's school, Follow the interview with the tapeseript on p.165. a) In their daily assemblies, pupils are encouraged to give thelr opinions about the organisation and management of the school ') The school councils made up of parents who are elected to represent each class ©) The best lessons for learning how to work In a team are drama and religious education. d) At the school, they believe that the ability to work in a team is one of the key life sills of the future ©) The teachers always warn pupils against social evils like drugs, alcohol, racism, etc 1) The school sometimes brings in ex-criminals and ex-drug addicts to tell pupils about thelr experiences. 5, Discuss in groups © Ate policies like thove described by William Atkinson cemmon in schools in your country? What «do you think of his ideas? 6 Which words from the box collocate with the words and phrases in bold in the sentences below? a ee ) ee ae ee 8) They went thelr pupils to «-€ full part in sosiety; so they try to give them a snow Hn the organisation of the school, and allow them to . _. observations about the management af the school b) The school tries to the opportunity for young people to team skills. They should tolerate athers viewpoints and perspectives, rather than just thelr own interests. This Is Important because in real life, everyone 15.0... Of some kind of ‘group. ©) The sch001 tS 10 sasocnineow With Some Of the big Issues that society Is facing, and so, for example, they sometimes ask people who have been oninns AM CHIME 10 nnn. thelr experiences with pupils > Phrase builder 51madule 5 Learning for life Grammar extension Use and non-use of passive forms 11 Which sentences below do nat contain a passive form? Are there any sentences where you are not sure? a) In some countries, pupils are allowed to smoke during breaks bb) In-my day, girls were not expected to go-to university and have a career ©. I wish I'd been taught more about how to use computers. 4) An ever-increasing range of educational materials is being produced for the very young, ©) Expectant mothers are pressured Into buying CDs like Mozart for mothers-to-be. 1) We encourage youngsters to be able to take different toles within a group. 4g). Many schoolchildren’s anxieties should be classified as psychiatric disorers 1h) One day, the talents possessed by so-called idiots-savants may be accessible to us all 4) To be educationally beneficial, TV programmes have to be aimed at Personal vocabulary eee ‘Ordering your instructions 1) Inthe future, people will be expected to work in teams even more. See 9 Before you take a'photo, you should always check the position of the First ofall. sun. 1) if porenscare Horaied that tet chilenen-ove nok leorning to read (nat ‘What you need to do frst enough, they should get them assessed by an expert. Ben, There’s something important 2 Inthe sentoncos in Exercise t, find examples of: ‘that | should have mentioned ‘+ past, present and future passive forms + acontinuous passive form What to do ‘+ amodal passive It's extremely importantit's © a passive infinitive ‘ta thot you. Cor. wll. * a ‘reduced’ passive where only the past participle is used aan * a passive where the auxiliary is not be. , ‘The main thing isto 3 Here are some réasons the passive Is often used. Find examples in Exercise 1 to illustrate them. (For each example more than one of these may be true.) 1 The subject of the vert is unimportant, obvious or unknown. ‘Make sure you always ... The best way to ... sto... Another way of doing itis 2. The subject of the verb is ‘people generally’ to. 3 The passive {s par of the formalfjouralistic style. 4 The passive verb is part of a ‘set phrase What not to do ‘One common mistake Is ‘The tirst verbs inf) and k) in Exercise 1-could be expressed in the 1B passive, but they are not. Why not? Avoid ing 1s the get passive in sentence i) formal in style or not? Which other Be careful not to... ‘auxiliary is used in a similar way? Think of some more examples of kind of passive, What you shouldn't do is... Don't ... whatever you do! > Phrase builder > Grammar extenslan bank pp.132~135 52Task: teach a practical skill to others Preparation for task 4, Read the list of everyday skills below. Tick () the'ones you can do. * taking @ good photograph « sending a text message + mending a puncture on a bicycle + ironing a shirt perfectly * giving the kiss of life + making bread + serving in tennis * bathing a small baby 2 ad You are going to hear someone explaining how to give mouthto- mouth resuscitation. Which diagrams below do you think these instructions relate to? Tit back the patient's head. Watch to sce f thelr chest is expanding, C You may feel their breath tickling your ear. Cover thetr mouth with your mouth. Gi You may hear a deep intake of breath. G1 Pinch their mostits hard. (O Completely seal their mouth. Tum the person on their side. DD Place two fingers beneath their chin, Put the patient into the unconscious position, (1) Shake them gently by the shoulders. D Breathe into their mouth. 1 Try to open up thelr airway in case i's blocked. 1 Repeat this four to six times, b) © [5.21 Listen and check. Were you surprised by any of the instructions? Task €) Either choase one of the skills you ticked in Exercise 1 (or think of a similar skill that you could explain in detail, 1b) Spend about ten minutes thinking about how to explain it ‘step-by-step to someone who has never done it before. use gestures, props or rough diagrams to help you. Make brief notes if necessary. > Useful language ©) Ask your teacher oruse.a dictionary to find any other phrases you need. write thern In your Personal vocabulary box. > Peisonal vocabulary 2 Choose two more skills from the list in Exercise 1 that you ‘would like to learn. Find another student in the class who can ‘explain therm to you.module 5 Learning for life Writing Writing tips from notes 1] teak at the following words and phrases for talking about computers and the internet. How many of them are the same in your language? ‘websites (elder—=ssuareh——«searthenging menu address type, save ‘2 ) Complete the nates on internet searches using a word or phrase fram the box above, bb) Compare answers with 2 partner. 8) Look at four sitferent ways of weiting the same tip. 4. To make your search more specific, a plus sign can be typed between the words. 2. Your search can be made mores specific by typing a plus sign between the words. 3. Make yoursearch more specific. One way of doing this is to type a plus sigh between the words. 4. Try typing a plus sign between the words. This wil! make your search more specific: ‘b) Underline the -ing forms and the infinitives with to. Which tips have passive forms? What is the effect ofthis? 54 A al Youve going to write aset of tips. Read the following advice. © Start with a short Introductory paragraph. This could start with ‘a.question like this: Are you hadng Erovte Bay ek Ooo ssc on, he Inkemet? wey hare are some ips to — Of an explanation tke this: The Worldside Web is ke 8 gion: magamine with mukons of pages: To get + Break up the information under @ sab-heading If it is too ‘dense’, by wsing numbers or bullet points. Ib) Either write up the tips on how to use the Intemet for research or ‘write a set of tips on one of the following topics: + finding the best English course/ university course to sult your needs. + revising for exams + success in a job interview + the best ways to learn a foreign Janguage quickly + improving your speaking skills in English ‘+ using o monolingual dictionary effectively + another topic of your choice. 5 Read each other's tips. Did ‘you learn anything useful?Wordspot way, 1 Which phrase with way best completes each sentence? 1a) Do you fiid that, whten they get lost, men are much more relictant to ask the way/find their wayiknow the way than women? b). Many parents say that you shouldn't let children go aut of their way) have their avn way/get in the way all the time, or they will grow up spoiled and selfish. ©) Tfust called the taxi firm, and they say that the cab is ir the way! (om Its wary/ender way. d) The labels sticking out of the front of your pullover... i's in a bad way) the wrong may upithe wrong way round!way (00 big for you and you look ridiculous. ©) They started work on the bridge in April and they stll haven't done ‘much, By the way/No way will t be finished by the end of the year. 2 Put phroses with way in the correct place on the diagram. ask the Way = ask for + This isthe best way directions to cook beef, 1 a= discover There is another way the route somewhere of doing it, 2 be hate the way he laughs. familiar with the route Fdid it my way! somewhere 3 take extra trouble to do sth 4 arriving, 5 + fobe/get in the woy = tobe blocking the path 6 = have things as you want them: ‘+ Ina bad way = very ill, eg. after an accident ‘© the wrong ay round © No way! = absolutely not! = reversed ‘© By the way (= uses to change the topis) re f= reversed Pe much too big 9% romneninnane stage, wel 30 ne sin progress 3 9) Complete the dialogues uusing a phrase with way. 1 Can | get hast, please?" ‘Oh, I'm sorry .. are my bags 211 pus ther up in the locker, 2 ‘Oh, dear! [ think we're lost. ‘What do you think we should do?" ‘Why don’t you stop and 3 ‘What do you think we should ‘buy Sophie for her biithday? How about o Barbie doll?” : She's 14 years for Barbie ‘ld. She's list 4 "Were the staff nice ot the hotel?” ‘Oh yes they really to make us feel at ‘home, 5 “OK, we'll drive to the restaurant .... Do you ‘m mot sure I remember it .. ‘you'd better nd ‘we'll follow behind,” 6 ‘When wil the new cinema ‘complex open? ‘They expect the work to be -- by the beginning ‘of next month,” 7 "What did you think of the modem art exhibition?” ‘Strange. Some of it was a bit nent FOF MY COSTE ns * 8 “How many children does Geraldine have now? “Three... and theres another one 9 "Poor Frank! Have you seen him since his accident?! ‘No, but I've heard he's still verve nortan! 10 Is this how I put the ink cartridge in?” No, you've got I a. Here, let me doit’ b) (5.4) Listen and check your answers. > Phrase builderthe mon D Reading: »seviesol erties Vocabulary and speaking Wave sis Double your money! 1, Work in pairs. How many questions in the quiz can you answer > Listening: discussion of a > scour without eng onary? > 58 graphic data vocabulcy fe stan an check Foreach etn yu aed Temmend ene: correctly, you win the figure stated. Who won the most? > Inversion wh pate adverbials, Real life: expressing quantities: Something so valuable it cannot be bought can be described £10 What were first minted in ancient Lydia (part of {a company goes out of business because it cannot what is now Turkey) about 2,600 years ago? pay its debits, XID Cx Gc or £25 Someone who has no money at ail is often Which of these might » child receive from his/her Which of these is net a way of describing someone parents? ‘who hates spending money? a tay ED CD GU CLHow much can you remember from the recording? Answer as many ‘questions as you can individually, then compare answers in groups 9) In what circumstances might someone receive a subsidy? expect a tip? charge a fee? pay a deposit? demans a ransom? go bankrupt? b) Have you ever been completely broke? .- bought something ‘valuable’ that tumed out to be worthless? won money {rom @ one-armed bandit? pald or been offered a bribe? ©) Da you know anyone who is o» feally stingy? ._ alvways in the red? really flashy with their money? Underline the phrases retating to money in the quiz on p56 and the ‘tapescript on p.167. Write the words under the headings below. Presta wil People’s auinude>s mone to money skingy ©rsumis of money. {you payfreceive in) illegal activities Se ( om ) \owith money _/ ( describe value ? a words to > 5 @) Work in groups. Read the wellknawn sayings about money. What do they mean? Think of as many arguments as you can for and against each idea. "Money makes the world go round.’ *Neither a borrower nor a lender be.” "Money is the root of all evi,” “Take care of the pennies and the pounds will take care of themselves,’ “In life the rich get richer and the poor get poorer. “Money can't buy happiness: 1b) Your teacher will choose ane student to talk for a minute about one of the sayings above. Other students can challenge them if they deviate from the topic or repeat themselves. > Phrase bullder 57module 6 In the money Reading ‘Are there any ‘big money’ TV quizzes In your country? What do you have to do, and what kind of prizes do you win? D Read the text on the right a) 3 about TV quiz shows. Note: the name of two 1950s quiz shows, when Who Warts To Bea Milionalre? began, the names of the three lifelines on Who Wants To Bea Milionaire? the name of the first Smillion winner. why Lertlak Panchanawapron was both lucky and unlucky. 3, Discuss these questions in groups: Has there been a-version of Who Wants To Be a Millionaire? Im your country? Would you like to appear on a show like this? Why/Why not? How many times would you be prepared to phone the contestants hotline in order to get on? What kinds of questions would you mast dreae! in a general knowledge quiz? What would be your strangest areast Gan you think of any ingenious ways of winning any TV quiz show that you watch? Tell the clase.and decide whose ikea Is the cleverest. Getting Rich Quick: _The Rise of the TV Quiz Show Quiz shows first became popular in the USA in the late 1950s, with radio arid TV shows such a5 The $64,000 Question and Twenty-One pulling in huge ratings. But scondals about feeding corract anowors to ‘contestants (later the subject of the Robert Redford mavie, Quie Show) undermined the public’ fath in the shows, and the TV quiz weat into temporary decline — in the US st lagst. With the growth of telavision in the “603 and “70s, the prizes gredvally got bigger— and the farenats for the shows more lavish and imaginative A-key breakthrough came with the British quiz, Who Wonts To Bo a \Milionaire? which first appeared in 1998, The formula was simple -15 ‘multiple-choien questions of ineroasing difculty, with the contestant in the hot seat having three lifelines jf theyre stuck - ‘Phone-a Friend’, “Ask tho Audience’ ane! “50:50', where the computer takes away 80 wrong answers, and leaves the corect answer and one remaining wrong answer, The big prize money that attracted viewers to the show was funded by an equally simple idea: would-be contestants paid 8 -srall charge to eail telephone hotines to enter their names for the shaiw, These proved so popular that viewsrs had to phone dozens of times to stahd any chance of appearing, This ingenious formula proved 0 successful that the shew has beon sold to more than forty eountiios: worldivice. In fact, its probably being shown somewhere in the world ‘Bs you read thist John. Carpenter bacame the first $milion winner on the American shaw in 1999 but things haven't always gone according to plan. On the Thai version of the show, Lortak PanchanawWapron had exhausted her three lifelines by the fith question when she was emazed to see the answer she thought was correct highlighted on her monitor screen. ‘Sho picked it and continued choosing the highlighted answers until she hhad answorad all ftaen questions, winning 1 million baht in the process. ‘I didn't notice anything.’ said the presenter: Just that she was ‘very smart despite not having much education.’ Unfortunately, the show's producers were more suspicious and Lertlak later confessed 10 naticing the highlights sraund the correct answers ~ the computer was mistakenly showing her the hosts screent After her winners cheque had beet rewumed, she was given anothor chence... and failed on the fourth quastion: However, contestants have come up with other ingenious ways of reaching that elusive millionYow are sting to ead about ‘one quiz show contestant, Patrick Spooner. Read article 1, from an Australian newspaper. Why was the article written about him? a) Can you guess the next stage of Spooner's plan? Read article 2 from the British press and check your ideas, bb) What were the similarities between his TV appearances in Britain and in Australia? 6 2) Predict what Spooner did ‘next, Scan article 3 and check. What happened? by Tick the statements that reflect your opinion of Patrick Spooner. Explain why. [1]! eet sorry for him, [F] He ot what he deserved. [Ey People tke him should be banned from games shows. [Bitiadmite his ingemutty 7 can you remember the colloquial phrases used Instead of the phrases in bold? 0) An English beickpacker, who ‘hod so little money that he slept on a friend's floor . b) Mr Spooner, 32, made a lot of money by answering ... ) Dut he was not a complete ‘beginner. ) Last year, he became famous ‘on the other side of the world. ©). there’s a good chance he wail s00n appear unexpectedly ‘on the American werslon ) With a toss of an old £1 coin things went badly fora shocked contestant 9), He moved to Dublin to see if hhe could succeed on the Irish show. > Phrase builder ay Broke backpacker wins $250,000 An English backpacker, who was'so broke that ho slept on a friend's Nac, ‘won $250,000 cash ina television qulz last night. Paddy Spooner, who has only week left in Australia before his visa expires, scooped the biggest prize so far on Channel Nine’s Who Wants To Bea Miltionatre? ‘A self-described “professional backpacker’, Mr-Spoamer, 82 struck it rich by answering 10 multiple-choice questions. The final question which he answered correctly was to name the year in which the last convicts were ‘transported to Freemantle; 1868, He clecidled to take the money when he didn't know the answer to the next question ~ worth $500,000 ~ which, asked him ta-name the sclence field in which: Australian Sir TW, Edgeworth specialised: geology: ‘Mr Spooner borrowed a friend's phone to make 215 §1 phone calls before suctessfully registering for the show: ‘From tliwarer Mereury 29/089 What do you mean ‘it’s only a game’? The top prige remains elusive, but Who Wans To He @ Millionaire? contestant Paddy Spooner may have found a novel way to win the golden sum. Mr Spooner walked off with £250,000 “following his ‘appearance on the top British TV ‘quiz show on Thursday night. ‘But he was no rookie. The s3-year- old backpacker from Hampshire had already pocketed a fortune on the Australian version of the show, in April last year, he made ‘headlines on the other side of the ‘world when he scooped what was. then the record prize of 250,000 ‘Australian dollars And given that Mr Spooner sees himself as a ‘hemispheric commuter" who travels the world escaping from Winter, there's good hance he will soon pop up on the American ‘version of the programme. Clearly his grasp. of general knowledge and doggedness — he called the Who Wants To Bea AMiltionaire® wotline 400. times before being selected — outline him asa budding quiz show professional BRC News 31/ 2000 cn toss of a coin costs contestant dear With a toss of an old £1 coin, it all ‘went horribly wrong for shocked contestant on Gay Byrne's Wio Wants Te Bea Miltlomatre? show last aight who left with only €1,000 after: -winning well over half a million on ihe Bits Asioten resin show, Patrick Spooner (35) ‘was loft in total disbeie after he got €4,000 question wrong when asked ‘the name of tap Irish actor Pierce ‘Brosnan’s Youngest son, Ho first asked the audience, 51 per -pent of whom gave him the correct -answer of Paris’, buat decided. that this margin was too close and on opting for his "S0:50" lifeline was left ‘with ‘Paris’ and “Tyrone'. A stunned ‘was going to flip It to decide the answer: "At this stage Gay reminded Patrick, that he could still use his ‘phone a ‘friend! Hftine but the tossed coin ‘was already in midair and he opted for the wrong answer af ‘Tyrone’. Gay then helped the speechless contestant owt of the ehatr just as the Kaxon, sounded to end the show, Patrick has previously -$250,0000n the Australian version of the showed another £250,000 on the British version. He moved to Dublin i 59module 6 Inthe money — Grammar extension Time and tense 4 Read the text about unsuccessful criminals. 6) Can you name the verb forms underlined in the first paragraph of the text? Example: 1 Present Simple b) How many of these forms can you also find in the second paragraph? Underline the exarnples. ©) Which time do the verbs underlined refer to? the past + the present = the future» no specific time ‘No criminal ever (1) believes that ‘that soma (3) ore trying te make for the police: Tn Jopan, a) its peaceful, law-abiding ci demanded money. Bu rece Beye 2} How many of the same vor forms can you find in tho sentences below? Bo they refer to the same time as the examples in Exercise 1? 1 (newspaper headline) Broke backpacker wins 250,000 Have you ever thought about what you'd do ifyou won a big money prize? 3. Mum, | was wondering if you could lend me-a bit of money until | (get paid on Friday. Your father told me this morning that he'd already Vent you £50. Ifthe two robbers had fhad more seis, they might have got away with tt He'll have to leave the country as so0n as his visa has expired, So, this funny old bloke walls up to me and asks me to give him twenty quid! 8 advise you not to leave any valuables In your room, Mr Timothy. ss rc we b) Are these verb forms used in the same way as in the story? Grammar extension bank pp.136- 139 Listening The Case of Stella Liebeck You are going to hear the Story of Stella Liebeck, from New Mexico, USA, and what happened when she ordered a coffee with her takeaway meal a) Which pictures do these words go with? psomeoncotl ald damages 5c (tose jury horrified b) & {6.2aj Listen and put the pictures below in order. ©& [6.2b] Listen totwo Patterns to notice people arguing about the isa. Wat naw inforshation do: |= (6.3) Here are three sentences from the recordings. Put the you learn: phrases in order to.make a correct sentence. Listen and check, ea tn vet ESO Is this the usual ward order in English? b) in favour of the company? @) consult/dld/a lawyer/only/stelia/then by did/not oncefher fault/tt was/admit that/she Who do you agree with? ©) all that money/have been given/ns way/she/should 3 Discuss these questions [Inversion with negative adverbials 1 The following adverbials come at the boginning of a sentence and are + What was Stela entitled to, | followed by an inversion ifanything in your opinion? Only then did 1 understand what was happening, + sit common in your country Only now can I appreciate the difficulties of the situation to sue for compensation? Not once did he affer to pay. + Ifs0, whot kind of institutions Rarcly/Seldom/Never before have | experienced such kindness and tend to be sued? hospitality. + What are the disadvantages of No longer will we accept these low standards «@ ‘compensation culture’? Under no circumstances should you wander around alone after dark On no account must you overexert yoursel! Not only did he take all our moncy, but he also betrayed They are often used to give greater emphasis in formal language 22. The phrase No’way moans ‘its cornpletely Impossible’ and is common in informal, spoken language. Its abso followed by an inversion No way will we be finished by 10. i trust. 5, Make the sentences below more formal using the phrase in brackets in the ‘front’ position, Make any other changes necessary with negatives, inversion, etc. 4) Our country docs mot need to rely on foreign investment any more. (No longer) b) You certainly should mot borrow money without checking the interest rates. (Under no circumstances) ©) Now we are finally seeing the benefits of the government’ careful policies. (Oniy now) @)-A change of government has mot oftem had! such a tiramatic effect on ‘the economic outlook. (Rarely) (©), Frederick looked for his wallet to pay: At that moment hie realised he hhad left all his money at home. (Only then) f) You definitely shouldn't reveal the details of your bank oocount over the telephone. (On no account) 9) This country has mat witnessed such a serious financial crisis before. (Never before) q b) It’s rare that a politician admits publicly that he has made a mistake (Seldom) 1) George had to pay a large fine, and he had to spend some time in prison i ‘as well. (Not only. also) en > Phrasebuilder 61y Module 6 In the money Task: decide how much compensation people should get Preparation for task Personal vocabulary 4] 5 [641 The stories opposite describe four cases where people sued successfully Listen and complete the gaps in each of the stories. Work in pairs and look at the words and phrases in bold. Use the ‘context to guess the meaning. Task a) Work individually or in pairs. For each of the cases, decide how much each person should receive. You can choose any amount between $100 and $3 billion. —f Useful language a Comparing ideas ‘b) Make a brief list of reasons why you think this should be the case. | think he should be entitled ‘Ask your teacher for any vocabulary you need. to > Personal vacabulary I think she deserves a bit moreliess. Workin larger groups of four. Compare ideas and try to reach ‘That's fara bit tao much: an agreement about the amount of compensation, aetna reat > Useful language a and b b Trying to reach a Present your conclusions to the class, How far did the different ‘conclusion groups agree? owe all agree about ...? > Useful language « ‘The key issue Is whether oF NOt [= [6.5] Listen and find out how much money the people in question ares really received. Ave there any yeu find particularly surprising or SHEA We seOe Cet Eee ‘unfair? Which group's awards were most similar ta the real ones? ‘Shall we come Back to: later? ¢ Presenting your conclusions In the circumstances, we feel ‘we found it very altfieult to agree ... Some people felt that ile others felt that > Phrase builderA, an Ametican actor, once the star of a major (1 moved to London and started a career in the theatre as a writer ‘and director when his TV career began to fade. When.one of his plays appeared at a theatre, a reviewer in a newspaper claimed that it was ‘without doubt the worst thing he had ever seen on the London stage’. The show (2) .......... 800n afterwards, and A decided to sue the newspaper, It emerged in court that the reviewer had not actually been present at the performance, but had relied on information supplied by (8) nce.» He had also claimed that the performance had been poorly attended, when in fact it Iiad been (4) «sense ‘The reviewer's lawyer sald his client apologised for the a) . in the article. The jucige awarded A damages, B, aman from California, was diagnosed with terminal lung canoer in his (1)... He had started smoking when he was 13, and had smoked (2) .o» of the same brand of cigarettes a day for most of his adult life, He said that he had tried to stop (8) sescsncsoe DU resumed after those attempts failed. He claimed that he had been ‘tricked into smoking’ by the tobacco industry, which he said had made him think that cigarettes were (a without making him (5) of the danger tohis health. He sued the tobacco company in question, and was eventually awarded a sum of money by the court. C, a rail worker employed as (1) .........., had to sit in a ticket booth checking passengers’ tickets as they left the platform. However, C, who weighed (2) ns... kgs and was 1 metre 82 em tall, claimed that the tleket booth Was (8) ....c.:: for him to Work in comfortably, When he went off sick suffering from SOVETE (1) cose, HE Was Sacked. C said the rail company had treated him unfairly because his working conditions were to blame for his poor health, and he sued his employers for (5 ‘Ceventually won his case and was awarded a sum of money in compensation. D, a 26-year-old woman, was working as (1) .,......... When she met an elderly Texas oil tyeoon. The man showered the young dancer with gifts and money, and three years later the couple got married. They were married for only (2) before he died, aged 89, leaving an estate worth an estimated (3) D did not have a prenuptial agreement with her late husband and there was no mention of her in his ‘will. However, she claimed that he had always said he would take care of her, and ‘had promised to leave her (4) ............ This claim was contested by the man’s son, who said he was the sole beneficiary of his father’s will. He said that D had ‘exploited’ his late father and should receive (5) ...module 6 inthe money —__ iti 8) Look at Table 1 on 9.65 we di ne eit A hick compares the spending Writing about statistics patterns of boys and girls aged 7=15. Which of the figures do you find surprising? How would you account for the differences between the boys" and girs" spending patterns? Roughly how much do you spend per month on these things? ‘Who spends the mostleast in the graup? * cinema, theatresand concert tickets + lottery tickets + football poots + tickets for spectator sports 2D a) Look atthe bar charts showing farily spending on these tems in the UK. Where did the amount of money spent: Pa a as anny. aed tot at the underlined phrases + increase slightly? + drop sharply? +more than double? ‘re signifeanty? see ecto setts, Wile are + fall steaelily? © change very little? ROR carnal cally comecte Fhgwe \tapensture am entrtinmact Pewre2 Expandtoreon stores and iectt pie ‘Different age groups in society {pe mah 9n-erRM 2000-2001 E.peronth mn T99-TNM PrReED| spend their money in different : ey 300-2001 ‘ways. As young people gain. Zz | ‘access to money, they are able r i 10 make choices about the 2 : ‘way that they spend it. In : 2 2000-2001, more than third. of a — 7 ‘the expenditure of children. \Sractors Soper aetne pee ae ‘aged 7 to 15 was on food and bu ‘soft drinks, andl similar b) Correct the factual mistakes in the summary below. ‘proportion was spent on leisure goods and feisure 3 Use enecof the words or phrases in bold from the summary to complete each of the sentences below. @) Contrary to ministers’ claims, the report says that will be available for public transport next year. 'b) The number of people taking their cars to work has soared in recent YEO. cn-cnrvnenace« uinbers using the railways have plummeted, ©) The average price of a house or a flat has inerensed by 20 per cent and 15 per cent oe @) snmensmonn» people art spending more om videos and DVDs, ard less fon geting to the cinema. Oc the mast popular toy last Christmas was the ‘Robodoll! eo thoney‘Table 1: Children’s® expenditure: by gender and type Percantages, Females Allaged 7-15 2) Look at Table 2 below comparing student expenditure in 1996-1997 and 2000-2001, + How is student expenditure different to that of other young people? + How could you account for the changes in thelr spending patterns.over the period? ‘Table 2: Student= expenditure, 1945-1597 and 2000-2001 United Kingdom Percentages 7 20007 ‘sential expenditure ‘Accommodation B 20 Food, bil, household A gods 20 1s Course expenciture 10 7 Essential travel & 6 Children 1 = ‘Al essential expenditure 57 a Other expenditure Entertainment 26 3 Non-essental travel 4 3 others 2 16 ‘ll other expenditure 000 (1080 Allexpenditure («100x) 5031 £5,408 7 Sanents under the ape of 24 higher edi ince orsume Roms nero pane Srey Stott ncome ana Eapenair Survey, Department for bb) Write a summary of the information in about 150 words. Look back at the examples in Exercises 2 and 3 to help you. Real life Expressing quantities imprecisely 1 Which af the phrases from the box-can replace the phrases in bold in the sentences betow? (the overvfselming majorty ot awhile | ahugesum af money ahandiulo! a dash anrenormous portion dozens. of a pinch avast number of peopie a great deal of time asmaliquantity smal pescentage @) The company is spending only 2 per cent of its ‘omnual budget on research and development. b) Galvin was arrested whien police dogs discovered 10 grams of an illegal drug hidden in his luggage. «) 14 million people in this country suit do not have ‘access to the Internet @) Falke a black coffee with just ©2 aml of mk, ¢) can't believe anyone can be so greedy! He ate 2 Kllograms of potatoes, and sill hod dessert? 1) 98 per cemt of people in this country are in favour of reforming the tox system to make It fairer. @) The only reason they could afford such an enormous hhouse was because they won $5 mallion in the state lottery. hy fst add 0.001 grams of salt to help bring out the flavours of the dish 1) The council has spent two years looking inta ways of saving money. f) We hove received 72 engulrtes about our latest osfer 1) It-was disappointing that only five or six people actually took the trouble to attend the meeting. 1) You must be ted ofter such a long fun. You should Sst down ond rect for ten minutes, ‘2. Use your own ideas, and the phrases in Exercise 1 to'make true sentences. Compare in pairs. @) candnseenones people in: my country speak English. b) Learning to speak a foreign language fluently FOQUITES esr @) Ws possible to win onc mony by @) There are. country. ©) To become President you need... 0) The government wastes .... .---women politicians in my money on snes toad accidents are caused by fh) Some people like ta.ndd to their coffee, people of my age have no interest in Pop music.module 7 Living together Reading: extracts ftom two”) ic ; \ light-hearted guides ie > Listening: leaving home > Task: choose the people for TV reality show > writing: a report > Vocabulary: describing characteristics > Describing typical habits > Infinitives and-ing farms > Compound phrases. & Wordspot: just eee Speaking and vocabulary Who you live with Read the news extract. Is there a similar trend in your country? «Statistics show that for the first time in the UK, households.consisting of two parents and thelr children are In the minority. The majority 3 Read the descriptions of people you might live with and check any of households are now made unknown vocabulary. Mark them + (easy to live with; -(lficult to ‘an of single people Iiving live with) and # (mixed/depends). ee cernen ‘© someone with o very negative attitude, who moans 4 lot ‘childies ha pppernnncdt + someone very ehatty and lively, who lkes company Delteves:that this trend is sot someone very quiet, who keeps him/herself to him/herself, and to continue ... respects your privacy ‘+ someone who is often grumpy and irritable 2 Discuss in groups, + somone very laid-back, who never worries about anything ‘+ someone who tikes background noise, anid has the TV or music on * Do you live; er have you ever all the time lived away fromyour family? -«* «someone unpredictable, whose moods change for no apparent reason © IF not, would you ike fo? Under Someone very neat and fixsy what circumstances? ‘© someone who leaves thelr stuff all over the place, and doosn’t do their ‘© What are/were the odvantages share of the housework ond disodvantages of living * someone who likes things their way, and wan't listen to other people's alone or with friends, rather points of view than with family? + someone very dynamic and active, who never sits down + someone who lounges around doing nothing for hours on end, + someone who sulks rather than saying what is on thelr mindPatterns to notice | Describing typical habits | 1. Notice the use of wiltwoufd and the PresentPast Continuous f+ always) to deseribe typieal behaviour [good or bad). Present habits: shown you everyting she’s done that day. She's always laughing. She's always moaning, Past habits: | One day he'é be really frienelly, andl the reset he'd be real He was always picking things up and sighing, 2. Past habits (but not present habits) can also be described with used to, He msed t0 go ‘around, ad ot me if left thingé lying '3._The verbs temdto and Keep (on) +-ing are also common ‘Were. Keop on emphasises that the action is repeated, frequenty, Sorty, I keep on forgetting your name! He just kept asking her to marry him, unttl in | the end she said yes! Tend to is used with repeated actions and typical states, She tends to speak very loudly My parents tended to be very eosy-going 6 hosse thtee of the following people: someone you live with now someone you used to live with a colleague of acquaintance who irritates you ‘a neighbour you don'/didn’t like someone whe looked after you « lot when you were aebild * a teacher from primary or secondary schoo) 4. 2) Compare and explain answers in groups Which characteristics on the list would you personally find most difficult? Is there any behaviour not mentioned that also.drives you mad? Think of three or four typical habits (good and bad) that that person has or had. Tell your partner about them using the verb forms above. bb) Does anyone you live-or have lived with have the = faults described in Exercise 3? Are you guilty of any of ~My grandmother these bad habits? (_was always telling us stories \\ that she had made up. 5 4) © [7.1] ston to seven people deseribing a ——— person they find or found dificult ta ive with Who are they talking about? Which of the characteristics above do they mention? "Weill stand (( arhis window for hours watching what ~_weire doing, 4 She kept » (( shouting at us.) ‘Call the time 'b) Listen again. Give more details about why they find or found these people difficult to live with. Phrase bulider 67module 7 Living together — = =i Grammar extension Infinitives and -ing forms 41 Read what si people say © | hate people interrupting all the time, and about "behaviour that drives not listening properly to what other people are ime mad’. What is it in each case? saying, it’s really infuriating! ? Whodo you agree with? (Paul, 32, graphic designer) Underline as many examples as you can of; @ 4a een © | can’t stand seeing parents shouting at their children in the Beare shop, and threatening them with what they'll do when they get }infinitives without tr home = it really upsets me. ? (Zara, 19, shop assistant) 3 Find at least ane example of: a) 0 verb followed by ani -ing form. ) a verb followed'by an infinitive. || hate people beating about the bust and ¢) an -ing form that is an not saying: what they really mean it drives aaective me crazy, especially in meetings at work. * 6) negative ing form and a Beis, 38aales manager) negative infinitive, ©) @ passive -ing form aad a passive infinitive 1} a perfect -ing form and a perfect infinitive, 9) two Infinitives together, © Watching my colleagues creep round the boss is pretty disgusting, especially when I know what they say about him behind his back! | really despise thet kind of thing —I try hard not to do it myself. » A, Whats the diference between a gerund anda present participle? Find examples of each. had the benefit of a good education myself, although | would very much like to have gane to university, | get really irritated when | see well-educated people acting and speaking as if they are half-illiterate —| can’t understand it myself. > (John, 66, retired) 15 complete five ofthe sentences below about behaviour you can’t stand, using the forms above. Compare answers with other students, ©) Thate seeing people ) don’ like hearing people. © Thate people Deen" [This probably my problem, but lreally Sakae hate being told what to do! Id hate to be 4) Htry hard nat to forced to go into the army, with all that B Ereayos sulle boenok ne discipline, it would be my personal nightmare. ? (Ben, 23, student) Grammar extension bank pp-140= 143 68| Ac the age of (8, Pecor left home for the frst time to do military or ‘national’ service. In the 1950s, soldiers doing national service were often stationed abroad. National service was abolished in the UK in 1961, ‘Ac the age of 1, Liz from Australia was sent to a boarding school where she lived throughout the term, only. going horte in the holidays. ‘After taking French A’ level at the age of 18, Catherine went to be an au pair in Brittany, northern France, where she stayed with a family and looked after their two young children, Listening 1 Discuss in groups. What's the longest you've ever been away from home? What were the circumstances? How did you fee! about it? b) Make. list of six reasons why peaple might leave home. What are the ‘most common reasons? D8) You will hear three people discussing their experiences of leaving home. Look at the photos and read the information, Why did each person leave home? }b) Look at the list of tapics mentioned during the conversation, Who do you think talked about each one? | who mentioned it? | What did they say? _ Shooting rifle Peter ironing and sewing ‘rowing up in thi E> ‘ing tothe beach teaching Engish being told what to-do haircuts losing your individuality becoming more independent J, [721 sten and complete the frst column, Note down 2s many details in the second column as you can. Compare answers in pairs. d, Can you remember who sald the following? If necessary, listen again, or read the tapescript on p.169 to check ) ‘Twas really looking forward to i b) Teas quite @ shoe ©) ‘1 was still quite tnexperienced and found it difficult to deal with.” a) ‘it was very daunting.’ ©) ‘it made me more independent A) ‘It made me quite a conscientious person, 49) ‘Looking back, I'm very grateful.” 5 Diseuss those questions ‘@) Overall, were their experiences positive or not? ) Do you think military service/boarding schoois/au-palting are a good thing oF not? ©) Which experience would you least/most like to have yourself? > Phrase bullder_-module 7 Living together Personal vocabulary ) Useful language Saying what you want to happen 2 Personally, think we i should. $ imin favour off... I think ... js the priority here | eel very strongly that we should .. Discussing possible problems ‘What | want to avoid is ‘One thing that -concernsfworries me is x. .-- Could cause problems: Discussing individual candidates An important point in hisiher favours .. _- and .... would be-an interesting combination s« might met fitin very well with the rest of the group. -.. would!wouldn't get on very well with .. | think heishe might have difficulty ...ing > Phrase builder Task: who will go on Shipwrecked? Preparation for task 1a Read about a new TV programme called Shipwrecked? + What will happen in the programme? What do you lear about the tsland where the programme will be Aimed? ‘What willfwon’t the participants be provided with on the Island? * How are the six participants being chosen? bb) Have you ever seen any programmes like this? will be: new TW series featuring six 5 any child i bath ontop live'on Jin the Pacific Ocean for a whole year. They will be Soh ral abi aa ga From: shortlist of ten he ene tn teTask 2 17.21 Y0u are one of the programme's producers who must decide on the final six participants. Listen to a briefing explaining the criteria that you should use to make your selection, then answer the questions. @) In what ways.ean you avoid bad publicity, and ensure that the participants remain on the island? b) What are the best ways of attracting large TV 3 Mnecessary. cheek the new words below, then briefly read through the notes abaut the ten Candidates on pp.112 = 113. Which candidate: a) .» dshhumorous and supportive, but flirts with all the men? ‘very driven but lacks a sense of humour? ©) «isa charting womaniser who may not 1 ‘hat he's letting himself in for? 4)... has all the right qualities himself, but seems. bit ‘henpecked? s very well prepared physically, but has a secret i ‘group don't know about? » the f) ... i highly experienced but has.a rather ‘overbearing attitude @) +» Is well liked herself, but allows her husband to push her around? h) w= ivextremely attractive fo men, but hasn’t got a hue about hov tough life on the island will be? knowledgeable but a natural loner? |): Ks reasonably pleasant, but moans a lot? A Undertine the points in favour of each candidate and write '! next to potential problems. Task 4 Work individually ori pairs, Make your selection of the six best candidates, and think about how to justify your decision to other students. Ask your teacher for any words you need, and write them in your Personal vocabulary box > Personal vocabulary Work in groups. Discuss and decide on the six best candidates, > Useful language 3 Present your decision to the cass, explaining wy you chose each candidate. Which did you all ‘agree an? Can you persuade other groups to change their minds?module 7 Living together Reading and vocabulary Men, women and relationships Read the quatations below about men, women and relationships. Which do you Fike best? Compare opinions with a partner. ‘T married beneath me — all vromh do." (Mae West, fim star, 19405) ‘A man |s incomplete until he is married, Then he Js finished.'(Zs0 2s Gober, Hungarian acton “My wife and 1 were blissfully happy for twenty-five ‘Years. Then we met.’ (Rodney Dangerfield, US comedian) “All women become like thete mothers. That is their tragedy, No man does, that is his.’ (Oscar Wilde, trish piaywright) ‘Men —we can’t five with them, and we can’t live without them.” (Anonymous woman) ‘A wife is.a woman who sticks with her husband through all the troubles he wouldn't have hdl if ‘he hadn't married her’ (Antony Mason, author of & Bluffer’s Guide to Women) 2) Look at the words and phrases in the box. Which characteristics da you associate: * more with women? ‘= more with men? = equally with both or do you think it's impossible to generalise? Ive goodsodal sills intuition) being compe beingsupportive a tendency to feel gulty exchanging conlidences a fear of fallure lore of gadgets a desire for appreval showing ofl nagging. eingthicksiinned. | {gossiping a ear of cortiitment } ees ‘Compare answers with other students, Give examples to support your opinions. 3 a) You are going to read extracts fram two light-hearted books, 4 Bluffer’s Guide to Men and A Blufter's Guide to Women. Read and decide which ‘word should goin each gap: man/men or ‘womaniwomen. 'b) Compare answers In pairs. Then check on p.114 72 The Bluffer’s Guide to Men and Women Approval (8) #7... ore suckers for appraval. Thoy want to fee! that @ Paso have noliced them and need them, Best of all would be i CO) ‘odmited thes “They would also lke IL they tnuntod thom. bul that would ‘probably be ashing too much, Conversation | Toe avenge (@ 1é206:10,000 wore a doy in spec; tho average (8)... finds 4,000, perfectly adequate, Around se house, 968 neon ‘conversation is eopecially economseal, often reduced to ‘grunts and utterances of ene syllable, Telephone calls are for the tarsmiesion of ezsenta! information, not for gossiping or the exchange of confidences Foto information ip wesuntia. “But what ‘wore you talking about?’ a bemused (@) may BB) en Who has just spent we hours on ‘he phone to someone they wa only that moming ‘Although its nowadays offcialy acceptable even desinble ~ for (10)... ~t0e1y they wll never bea match for (14) «They wil newer ‘understand herr (129... «an, inthe ight -circurnatances, cai to eejay a good cry’. Tears moke a3). _-. ery uncomoriable. becouse they fel something is expected of them, but they dar't now what Naggin Tis important to remember thet a(t. doe fat nag, but reminds, This pont cannot be made tao often. 99) Bt Simply being mada snare of tke fact that thay have not done sehat hey ead they ware jong 10 do, a therefore naed to be promptad eagulary, othonce wan't got foneHousework These days 10) oss €an and do eth: fon wn -yecuum, and have even been known to clean the bath. But “eurrays ahow thot (17) sal spend four or Five umes as long on domestic chores as thei helpful spouses. The fect is: thot 18)... con tolerate a reater degree of grime and disorder before they even notice it, They have the advantoge of being thick akinned ~ they approach the state of the house rather like the Three Wise Monkays: "see no evi, feel no evi, smel no evi Ferg maa rt soos nl Hands to ply with (lor example as vielen la ean one saa ao Fina, wharaas 1) 1 want friends to talk 10, ‘They have friends the way (22) co herve habbies, Guilt G3. _ fea gully about everything. alle tine. Thuy fel guty about their weight thaw appearance, their Careers. the mothoring skis, the whiteness of thew washes. Above al they feel gully about not being: perfect. “They read articles in glossy magarines pbout ‘having i al “Then they read about the folly of sacrificing quakty of ie ‘end peace of mind to Superwoman ideels. and feel ‘conacience-stncken about that 100, ‘Commitment find hard to cath thomaaives to a ‘latienship. Getting ther to do oo is the geting hold ofthe ‘soap In the bath, For (25) «the very idee of ‘commstment is uncomfortable: to conn — after al the ‘same verb ie Used for guicide oF being sent to an asylum. Thay horbour the distinct fer that morrioga will change cy ope that it al. alike shopping, ttnot only means spending money. but making snap decisions. “They lke’ armchairshopping fat, studying advertisements land comparing paces before going out and buying a car ‘house or on intemetionel corporation. The purchase of 1@ fottuce. cat food or air freshener does not excite them. ‘Amepe waste of time as far 95 28). ee concered. bs window-shonping. This they de not Aunderstond at al. The joy of staring at gaode whch connot bbe bought because the shop is closed, is quite beyond hele comprehension. A Discuss these questions with other students. + Is the text biosed against either men or women, or is it equally critial of both? + Ace there any points that you found either particularly true or particularly unfair? + Are such generalisations about men and women ‘meaningful, or is this just sexual stereotyping? > Phrase builder Patterns to notice a lack of ...; a tendency to... ete. 1 Complex characteristics and feelings are often described by compound phrases like this: a} noun + preposition + noun fear of failure: fear of rejection: fear af the unknown lack of eltconienc tock otcmbtion | need for approval: need for excitement ols scteaet | love of danger: love of adventure @.sense of achievement; a sense of shame; | a sense of frustration. by noun + infinitive a tendency to panic; « tendency to worry: a tendency to argue 4 need to prove yourself; a need tobe in control a desire to please other people 2 The first noun is often qualitied by an extreme’ adjective: @ total lack of ambition aan intense lack of self-confidence an enormous sense of achievement 5 2) From the ideas in the box above, think of 1. at least two things that everyone experiences sometimes. lack of self-confidence 2. atleast two things that in your opinion are more characteristic of men than women: 3 at least two things that are more characteristic of women than men, 4 one-thing thot tends to be mere characteristic of young people, Sone thing that tends to be more charucteristic of elderly people. 6 something you yourself feel or have experienced J something you have never felt or experienced. b) Compare: answers in groups. 73module 7 Living together Writing Areport ‘| How much da you think gender roles have changed in your country over the last ten years? In groups, make notes about the ideas below. mete women Mes Sexism awe jos? in the office \ P Sc ee a= woman 0 Some joe a8 men? bosses? men do howsesere/ lock after cloner shiny of, home? siomien ean, more Khan portiners? CAT HOME ren bale about feekngs/ dLScusS peroneal problems? ren ond women spend kisi Lime kn afferent Lays? simelar faut ferent. Loples of conversation / with Frienas? J Sh - ‘SOCIAL ek saree Laat NS mon ok on a coke? woman more ‘eeifconfidenk:/ineaperdenk? a) You are writing a report for a TV company making a programme about changing gender roles in the world. To collect opinions, you will interview students in your class. In pairs, write six ‘questions using the ideas in Exercise 1. b) Between you, interview at least six other students. 74 3 lookat the information you have collected and write sentences about your findings, using the language below. The fvast) majorty of ‘About +. per cent of Manyitiot many (of) | Very few (of ‘A sallsignificant ‘minority of Itwas-fgenerally) fet! | ‘agreed that .. Nscemsreppears | that | ‘Apparontly,. said thought felt reported agreed those interviewed Inthe report, itis important to link your ideas together clearly. Decide which phrases are possible in these examples (there may be more than one answer), €) Some people said that more young adults live alone nowadays, whiledvhereas/nevertheless others disagreed, by) It was in addition/atsovas welligenerally felt that more ‘men do the cooking and washing-up. ©) Most people said that even thoughveven iffalshough miore women have jobs, the vast majority still eam less than their partners. Apparently, women ore much more selfsconfident aand independent nowadays. On the otber hhand/Howeren/Even so, they still prefer men to ask them out on a date, rather than vice versa, ©} It seems that more people are working from home these days. This means that/This is becouse/This explains why men are spending more time with thelr children f) Alot of those interviewed sald that men talk about their problems more than in the past. As weil as that/Other than that,/Apart from that, they felt that thesituation had not changed much5 Organise your information into these sections: eenoneabce ven HE kn oe rere ee _desenbing your ndings. Tm & Exchange reports with another pair. How similar were your findings? Wordspot just Read the sentences and loak at the diagram. Which meaning (1-5) does just have in each sentence? (There may be more than one possibility, 1) Mf you ask me, men and women just see things differenty. b) Oliver didin't mean to tear your book - he's just a baby. Q) You've just interrupted me for about the fourth time. d) — Have you phoned your sister? Pm fust going to. ©), Could 1 Just have a quick word with you? 0 ) Sorry ahout the notse — i's just our way of having funt L} 4g) That's Just the point | was trying to make. U 1h) Don't take any notice of what Steve just said, he doesn't mean it. — L) tate Gadel rece rc noe A RE est Le nc ns ierpetioc cropunny (cl only) Xe Don’t worry = its ust met J Tht jirmper isjust what ok tectum i ie or ee eee Ome Coheases 7 contenant watt? Conifatescrion Qer copia) Ps (just J \ before or atter Bears [es fust before midnight He phoned just after you lft That's just typical of your mather! 1c just beautiful 2) Aa justin the best place inthe sentences Below (there may be more than one possibility). How does it modify the meaning? (0) 11 take your coat for you. by) I was so annoyed, I tore up the letter and walked out 9, I'm looking. thank you. 4) The weather was perfect for my birthday panty. ©) These shoes are wat | need. 6) Ml be.a few minutes and then we can go. 9) Nick arrived after you left hh) Look! I've found that receipt you were looking for }) Lumh is a Sandwich. { hope that’s OK. Would you mind holding this for me, please? ky ve got enough money to pay! 3 1741 Compare your answers to Exercise 2 with the recording. Remember that these are not the only possible answers. 75> Reading P Listening: You're so va > Task: omething Writing: Vocabulary: adjec Adverbs ‘Adding emphasis Wordspot Real life: cor Y ful forma iptive 7 3k, sound, fee! vv ment adverbial Vocabulary and speaking What's your style? 1 tookat the pictures. Which instantly appeal to you, and Which don’t? Write down two words to describe each one. 2 Match the wordsin the box to the pictures. (There may be more than ane possibility) serutly cated 3 a) © Bs.11istento eight people talking about some of these pictures. Which two are mentioned twice? Are their opinions positive or negative? bb) Listen again and write down Words to describe the pictures. Check with the tapescript on paz 7% no f ta Ld ste Ga) Diseuss in pairs, Whieh af the things in the box below: = would you never do? ‘© would you (sacretly) like to do? © have you already dome? dye yor hat bight purple or orange ee have put navel, dove oF throw penicd ‘et tatoo “nest haifa montsolary onawelan | lsc st hy your dates om asecondcnandshop goto dinner ina restaurant wearing trainers | Ig ete culy ty wo put on your bed fit your home wth antique arate wer shit wits ox payee partern ‘weor leather trousers spend more than $100 on a hatcut {iil your home with alestract art } cover your walls with photos of your fayoure fork tar or foteall cam * paint your bedroom Lime green or bright purple | * spend $500 on an ornament that you lave ear pyjamas wih ute carton characters them, + pay $100 he fora meal in che etauront + buy pourra ashy pons car bb) What are the main differences between you and your partners? Tell the class anything interesting you discovered, 5 Write the new words inlExercises 2,3 and 4 under these headings. Use a dictionary to help you. Me i% for clothes only 7 Ng L for many different things x Sg 7module 8 A question of taste Reading and speaking The fur peaple in the pictures are all often referred to-as ‘style icons’. What does this mean? From the pictures, describe each person's image. ‘2, 3) In groups, nate down anything you think you know about any of them, e.g. ‘© biographical detalls and perso ‘+ their mast famous work ‘+ other things they are ascoclated with, at fe 1b) Read the four fact files on p.110 and memorise a5 many key facts as you can. Compare what you remember In your groups. Were you wrong about anything in Exercise 28? 3 ®) Read the quotations on the right made by or about the four people. Using what you learnt from the fact files to help you, mark them as follows: 1 ft’s instantly elear who it's about. 2 You have to read it a:couple of times before you know who iti You can't work out who it’s about ‘Which words told you the ansivers? 'b) Compare answers in pairs. To help you with any remaining answers, choose a maximum of three ‘words to check in a dictionary, ‘€) Are there any quotations that you are stil not sure about? Why not? For answers, see p.106, 4 2)1n the quotes, these words have a different meaning from their usuat meaning. What is (1? 1 pretty (a) 5 move ( 2 dass! (b) 6 hot 0) & thing () 7 cool 0D 4 boy!) b) Are these words likely to be used in formal Contexts, or in a more colloquial style? Oo you know any more words like this in English? 5 Discuss these questions with other students, ‘ving reasons for your answers, + Which of these toons do you find mostleast ‘oppeating? + Which other famous people are often considered style icons? Who do you most admire? + Ane there any famous people whose style you particularly distike? 78 James Dean a should pardon the pun). dank to you “May you five to be a hundred, ane! may the last Woice you ‘hear be mine. oe oleate day peer accor: “ore quolity, but boy, do you know sehen you've found i! 9 © 6 tere wea ping yi an sir by aan ) 0 rice is as tight oso ft To sng ke that, you gotta Ho couple of fights. To know tendemess and. - imeince, you have ta hare had your heart Broken, ® 6 ge conduc her Wea diccretly 2 the way she dressed, 2‘Audrey Hepburn | Frank Sinatra @e ‘Glamour queens must keep something hidden to retain their audience's attention. If ol revealed, the show is ‘over. For that reasen and others, ... chose to keep her _ Persona fe personal? OO ., caByewceitesdenen brn enie _generation, if Merion Brando changed the way peaple acted: then . changes! the way people ved. He was simply a genius ? or Her look is 0 hot “I'm £00 per cent woman look, and | think that’s great. Rock is fall af bors who look ke pits cd gs wh ook i bi. dont udestond why pope find @ eit who does look ea gil offensive ~ ahe doesn't have ts put on black eather ond Wik the *=* ou of @ rmatoreyte gong te be:cool D6 t.. sigs in pon ean be sane it x about thie essential ABleerena of geting through the right of relations betvreen men and women — of insecurities. of the sucess that i shared by inhele generations. 2 ©6 | wont: ts hoppy ona nar en cr God Fi totgh ambitious, and I know exocty what f want, that makes: me o bitch ~ okey: 2 © © You only lve coe, anid ate via | ive, ‘once fs enough 2 [Adding emphasis with auxiliaries Patterns ta notice 1 We can add emphasis by using the auxilary doidoes or did in the Present and Past Simple affirmative forms. Rock is full of girls who look like boys .., why do people find.a girl who does look ltke a gitl offensive? We can give further emphasis with an adverb like really or certainly. Here are some more examples: { do sympathise with your problem. Sophie (really) does care about you, you know We (certainly) did have a terrible time last year. 2 Weccan also add emphasis by inverting the subject and | the ausitiary, often after interections tke Boy! Wow! and ‘Mant It’s a rare quality, but boy do you kiiow when you've found it! Here are some more examples, inversions like this usually emphasise your feelings, Hove Christina Aguilera, Wow, can that girl sing! Man, is it hot today! ‘Am I glad to see you! Was { surprised when T got the message! Notice that al of these forms are mostly used in spoken English, 6 2) Change the verbs in botd to add ermphasisto the sentences, (There may be more than one possibility) 1. 'm pleased that we Jet before the trouble started! Am T pleases that we teft before the bsDubte stovteat [felt sorry for Charlie whem 1 save him yesterday This flat isa moss. I think you have a Fesponsbility to help with the housework. 'm absolutely exhausted! 1 need to get some sleep! 5 Vm sorry, but the way Gina behaves annoys me. 6 You'll never beliove who was standing beside me tn the queue — John’s ex-wife! 1 was surprised to see her ‘gain! 2 tknow you think I don’t like your cooking. but | Like it, 8 Ewas relieved when the day was over! ‘b) © [2] Listen te some possible answers. Notice the way these auxiliaries are stressed, Copy the voices, ‘Ain | plcased that we left! The way Gina behaves dées annoy met > Phrase bullder 79module 8 A question of taste Wordspot look, sound, feel 4 Choose the best way to complete each sentence @) A pemon who resembles a famous person can be called a lookalike) «a lookoul/an ontooker 'b) The proverb ‘Look before you Jutnpleap/strie, means you should think about the possible dangers before you do something. ©) To give someone a darkidir/arey look is to look at them in an unfriendly ‘or disapproving way, 4) If you look up/up tovupon someone, you admire and respect them, ©) A sound bite/clinignat is a short phrase taken front a political speech that is broadcast on radio and TY, ) Ifyou sound offorw/up about something, you express strong apinions in an angry way. a) The sind’ produced amifictally for film, radio of TV aye called sound affections/efectsfefforts. 1h) The recorded music from ai film is called the soundband)/ptay/track, 1) A feel-fne/goad/vell movie is one that makes you feel happy and. optimistic. [) Iyou're feeling particularly happy and well, you're feeting on top of the mountain/at the top of the tree’on tap of the world. k) Ifyou have both postive and negative emotions about something, you have assorted/combined/mixed feolings about it. 1). ‘Feel free/OKiyour way, ts an. expression used to tell people they have permission to do something, 2 © [831 vou are going to hear some sentences: in each case, the word look, sound, or feel has been replaced with 8 beep. For each sentence write the word that Is missing. a eee eas r » Sena Deer ett o Ce Re 4 Bi veers » 3 9) © [6.4] Answer as mony of the questions on the recording as you can, Write the answers in a randam order on a plece af paner, not inthe same order as in the recording. b) Show your answers to a partner and explain why you wrote what you did. whydid >) =a you write ‘good’? 4 Because im {very good at giving dirty looks! > Phrase bullder Listening You're so vain 1 ‘You're going to listen to You're ‘s0-vain, which Carly Simon, ‘wrote about an ex-boyfriend. In ‘what different ways can a person hevain? 2) © [e:5] Listen to the song on p81 and underline three ways in ‘which the man shows that he is vain 'b) Which verse deals with: 2 @) >) 2 a) ° their relationship? his lifestyle now? his appearance? Listen again and discuss these ‘questions with a partner. Why does she say she was ‘til quite naive! when she hed the relationship? ‘What dreams do you think she had, and why were they ‘clouds In her coffee"? How do the lines in bold add to the Image we have of the man? By the end of the song, what's our impression of the man? e's shallow, conceited and immoral He's very egotistical but rather glamorous, He's an Intriguing and rather attractive figure ‘This song Is thought to be about ‘well-known person. Do you think tis: ‘a musician? politician? an actor? a writer? (ee p.114 for the answer) Do you know anyone like the person in the song? How does he/she behave? Phrase builderYou're so vain ‘You walked into the party like you were walking onto: yacht ‘Your hat strategically dipped below one eye, ‘Your scarf it was apricot, ‘You had one eyein the mirror as you watched yourself gavotte, ‘And all the girls dreamed that they'd be your partner They'd be your parties, aind ‘You're so vain, you probably think this song is about you ‘You're so vain, Il bet you think: this song is: about you Don't you* Bon't you ‘You had me several years ago ‘When I was stil quite naive ‘Well, you said that we made such a pretty pair And that you would never leave. BuLyou gave away the things you loved “And one of them was me. Rbireams, they were clouds in my coffee ‘Well; [hear you went up to Saratoga And your horse naturally won. hen you flew your Lear Jet up to Nova Scotia, To see the total eclipse of the sun ‘Well, you're: where:you should be ail Grammar extension Adverbs 1 Underline the adverts in these sentences, Which sentences have more than one adverb? Which of these sentences. does not contain an adverb? a) by { think Carly Simon still secretly admired her ex-lover when she wrote You're so vain She claims that she was “still quite naive’ when she met the I wonder why the song says ‘Your horse naturally won Madonna is known for her constantly changing ima The first thing most people remember about Audre Hepburn is her lovel James Dean had an instantly recognisable image Throughout his life, Frank Stnatea was romantically linked with glamorous women, 2D in bxercise 1, find 5 > an example of a word that looks like an adverb but is nox two examples of adverbs of : (they tell you how something was done, two examples adverbials, an example of an adverb of degree (this tells us how much). hice examples of adverbs that commonly collocate with either an adjective ora verb ‘an advert that could be moved to different positions in the sentence. Grammar extension bank pp.144— 147 81module 8 A question of taste Personal vocabulary Task: ‘rant’ about something you hate Preparation for task Read about the British TV programme, Room 101. Explain the idea of the programme in yaur own words. Do you have anything comparable on TV in your country? Useful language Describing feelings of hate [really hate the way. Ce © [86 Listen to four people, Catherine, Essar, Sarah lone and aes Pietro, ‘ranting’ about things they hate. What is each person's pet Whatione thing/Another hate? What reasons do they give? thing that | object to is. ttmakes me absolutely ‘3, Who said the fvlowing? Usten again if necessary and cheek. furiousisick. -» s/are so annoying? 1 Tapping just drves me crazy: Hinatingrihegustingtewtal 2 They seem to think they're morally swpérior to me, and that really gets on my nerves. ‘The thing that really annoys: 2 [find that women are the worst offenders, meldrives me rad about 4 Its never specie to what you want to speak about, and you never know is which one to choose. : 5 She immediately put me through to this automated thing eran SOCSINESY! 5 don't realy see whats wrong wih eating men ; = 7. It just dives me absolutely mad, Ets very frustrating. 8 Nine times out often, the busi late ee ae Which of these four things would you send to Room 707? Did anyone say anything that you find offensive, or strongly disagree with? > Phrase builderTask a) Prepare two or three ‘rants about things you can't stand, Use the list below to help you. an extremely iritating song/ TV programme/film/book, ete a very annoying singer/actor politician/T¥ personal character {an infuriating personal habit an incredibly ugly butlding/ picture, etc a very annoying machine or ‘of modern technolo tan extremely boring topic of particularly loathe ‘an animal or inse find unpleasant ‘an aspect of daily life/a daity anything else y stand! b) Spend about ten minut mean. vocabulary you need, > Personal vocabulary 2 Practise your rant in pairs You can use phrases from Exercise 3 in the previous section and the Useful language box. D> Useful language 3, Choose one topic to rant aloout to the class. The other sents can ask you a maximum of three questions, before voting ‘on whether or not to send your pet hate to Raom 101module A question of taste Writing A tactful letter You are starting a new job ina Farge company. Do you weer: the latest fashion? smart sult? + something unusual, so people will notice you? Dose Nasinger Do you remember our converaston the other week about Anita Fernand oullancfft othe? Wel, she hired up ai a mocting with chents yesterday in anather iiculau tft = ripped leans and a gaudy bright pink ts Covered i gok stars! What's more, 8 ing Wher eyebreu, ox wo as th two ih her nose = Talk about Over the top! Ar ths cidn' ga unnoticed at the meeting erar ~thare ware gu a ene (alse eysbrows. | kno she's realy talented and sha wntes tellant advertising £0py, Dut she needs to be aware of how ste comas nero 1m sorry to bother you about iis, but ve tied having aot wort and it hasn't 2D Veronica works in alarge advertising company. She ‘wrote this email, about a junior colleague's appearance, to the Human Resources Manager. @) According to Veronica, what wrong with her colleague's ‘appearance? 1b) What examples does she give? ‘st March Dear Ms Fernand ‘am writing to you because I feel that | muse mention 1) an issue/a ‘problem which 2) has been brought to my attention someone has told me ‘about, While the company is extremely pleased with the quality of your ‘work and your innovative approach, 3) we feel/ tis felt that your style of dress ix 4) out of keeping/not entirely in keeping with our image. |Lappreciate that the 5) weird colour/unusual combinations and. (6) flamboyant /outrageaus style of your clothes are characteristic of the ‘artistic fair which you bring to your work, but they are 7) not really ssuitable/unsuitable for company meetings. I also feel that the amount of body jewellery you wear is 8) over the (op/a little excessive and may 8) be rather distracting for clients /put clients off a8 well as 10) not setting {a.very appropriate example/setting a bad example for younger, more employees, tls company policy to dea! 1 would therefore suggest that you wear 11) less ridiculous slightly less ‘with such problems in writing, __| ould! tensions y but Narinder is anxious to be ‘risqué outfits in future, and ask you to remove the body jewellery and 12) ensure that the tattoo on your arm is concealed fake sure that you tech, mie ‘caver up your tattoo, a eee ‘trust that you will understand 13) why | am asking you to do this/my ‘reasons for this request and assure yeu that the quality of your work isnot * formal language 14) the problem /being called into question. + understatement «+ ‘postive’ vecabulary ‘vous anareth {mpersonal constructions (eg. thas been potnted cut Mp ‘ne that.) ‘Narinder Ray bp Read Narinder’ letter and fainar z ‘choose the best alternative baled 84How does Narinder’ letter ‘tone down’ Veronica's message? Find examples of the four ways of being tactful given in Exercise 3a) 5 A college has commissioned two designers to design the front cover of its new brochure. You have been asked to choose the best design. a) in pairs, look at the two designs fon p.111 and choose the best one. Make a list of reasons why you did not choose the ather one, Think about: © how appropriate it is for the cover of a college brochure + how original its + how eye-catching itis + how colours used, b) Write a letter to the designer whose work you rejected, explaining why. The Fetter should be formal in tone, and tactiul Remember to include some positive points about the design, Example; + Aka inappropiake the approach 15 perhaps: more oppropiake for TT Ak'S nok origteed > we had something a kebte more vresah in eand Write an email to a friend, telling them about the experience of choosing the design, and what you really thought about the design you rojected. Real life Comment adverbials 4 Weak at the adverbial phrases in bold trelow. Which of them is used: €) to say that something is good news or icky? b) toremphasise that what you're saying is true? ©) toemphasise that something Is unfortunate? 4) tosay that we hope something will happen? €) toemphasise that something is strange, surprising or coincidental? Amazingly enough, nearly a thotisand people came to see the show. ‘To be perfectly honest, I've no idea what happened. I'm glad to say thet no more cases have been reported. Quite frankly, Hve last interest In the whole affair Thank goodness there was someone there to help re, {t's good job no one save you. Much to my surprise, Teresa has turned down the chance of promotion. AAll being well, she'll be out of hospital by the end of the week. To tell the truth, | didn't expect there to be so many applicants. 10 ‘Andrea comes: from a place called Luton. Bo you know it? "Yes, 1 do. Funnily enough, we nearly moved there ance.’ 11 He was nearly an hour late, and to make matters worse, hie was dunk when he arrived. 12 To her utter astonishment, he produced a ring ond proposed. 2D. © [871 Usten to the radio interview with Candice de Berg. 4) How is Candice de Berg described? Why do you think she is it Lonidon? 1b) How would you describe the interviewer's attitude to her? © What was the reason for the misunderstanding in the restaurant? 4) How did Candice teact to the misunderstanding? ©) How would you describe Candice's attitude to the interviewer? 3 ‘Who said each of the phrases below — the interviewer or Car Which of the phrases in Exercise 1 would fitin the spaces? Listen again and check. that our next guest has finally arrived. being seen so much jn public can be tough somnctimes there are days when I'd rather just be at home ... you didn’t decide to stay at home this evening, ther, something crazy happened fust the other day here in a) b) ° @ ° 8 4 she-fooked at the napkin and said Thank you, but. a) they asked me to pay for @ new napkin, hy) ‘you were able to see the funny side of it. 1). my new-mayie is called Singfe Git and, screens just before Christmas. it should hit the: 4, With partner, write the script of an interview with a famous person, Decide if the person will come across well or badly in the interview and why, Use at least five of the phrases fram Exercise 1. > Phrase buildermodule 9 21st-century lifestyles and heat > Future torms & Describing trends } Wordspot: well Vocabulary and speaking Work and play in the 21st century Look at the descriptions of inventions predicted for the next few decades. hich most appeal to © Bo you think they will on or not? Why/Why not?2 Vn pairs, make three predictions about the social, economic and personal consequences of such inventions, b) Compare your ideas with the experts’ ideas below. Which of these did you come up with? But what will it all mean? | Telewarking and computer conferencing will mean that a lot more people will either work frealance from home, or on flexible short-term contracts. The old concept of “jobs for life" will soon be: a thing of the past!” 2. ‘Highly-skiled professionals will be under pressure to work langer and lenger hours, while much of the mundane work will be done by machines, leading to high unemployment amongst ‘unskilled workers, By 2050, we are going to have a small number ‘of hardworking rich and'a vast majority of idle poor! 3 ‘With inventions like cell phones and hand-held computers it is bacoming more and more difficult to aseappe from work — the ‘boundaries between work and leisure sre gradually becoming blued, and in the future it willbe harder and harder to-get away {fromm it all, Alreody the average American is working 163 hours a year more than thirty yéaes ago ~ that’s the ecjuivalent of an extra month a year! 4 ‘Labour-saving devices and the resulting sedentary lifestyle could well lead to an epidemic in obesity, tis predicted thet the average man will weigh ten kilos more, and the average noman ‘eight kilos more." 5. ‘A growth in anline shopping and home-wotking may mean that ‘our city centres become deserted wastelands. The physical isolation ‘and loss of social interaction resulting from these changes could put further strain on family relationships and lead to depression and mental health protilems” 6 "Therewil be a huge growth in the letsure and fitness industry axpeople struggle to combat the elects of inactivity, and social isolation.’ T ‘We will adapt in all sors of ways that are as yet uncreamed of, ‘You should never underestimate the amazing adaptability of human beings.” 3 Discuss these questions, ‘© Which of these predictions most worry you? * Do-you agree with the last expert's optimistic wiew of human adaptability? © Inwhat ways might we adapt to the changes in society described? A, 2) Divide the words ana phrases in bold Into the following categories (some words may fit into more than one), y ea heres ae leisure and», en? a ai? =f = other) eek b) Write eight sentences of your ‘own about life today, using some ‘of these phrases. Compare sentences with other students, Phrase builder 87module 9 2ist-century lifestyles — Reading and speaking 1 Youare going to read about predictions forthe future that didn't come true, Discuss these questions in groups, © Hove you seen or read any old films or books set in the future? ‘What vision of life in the 21st century did they have? ‘© How did they imagine these things? (‘spaceiael —corpuies—cathes— fee) (day transport’ aliens robots B ee 2 Read the article and put these sentences in the correct place 4) Human nature is the greatest single confounder of all the predictions ‘of decades gone by. bb) Each age has its future fears that tum out fo be groundless, ©) lniortality has been a constant theme in futurology. i Fifty years ago, the futurologists of the day were confidently forecasting ‘an outlook that was silver, shiny and teeming with intelligent robots, 0) Foteasting whale is going to-be Hhe years down the Hine 8 a dock Arssies | ) Neither are thete any aliens on the horizon, nor even in the galaxy riext door 3, Discuss these questions in pairs } In what twa ways were past predictions about computers wreng? bb) How did people in the 195s imagine robats? ©) Why does the author belleve that all-in-one body sults never caught on? ) What connection does the author make between cryogenics and freezing strawberries? } What's the problem with the mint-planes that were predicted in the past? 5) Why aren't we eating ‘nutritionally-perfect pills’ instead of traditional food? 49) Does she believe that online shopping will reptace traditional shopping? 1h). Does she think it will become common for elderly wornen to have babies? Why/Winy not 1) How widespread does she expect genetic engineering to become? A Cen you guess the meaning of the follawing words from the context? Use a monolingual dictionary to check your ideas. @} lumbering (para. 1) )traipse (para. 5) b) nano-icchnology (para: 1) ) forego (para. 5) ©) misnomer (para. 3) @) groundless (para. 6) }_ mucky (para, 4) 5 8) Do you agree with the author's final point that 'what we really want’, above everything else, Is the best far aur future generations’? b) Think of three things that are happening in society today that support this view, and three that contradict it > Phrase builder What didn't come to pass by Vivienne Parry, former presenter of Tomorrow's World iY ate aetna ee eae be ke ike sears down he Ane 1S 0 odeny Eetaness, Even the experts don't always got it right. Tako Bill Gates, for example. in 191, he firmly stated that “640k memory ought to be enough for anyone.’ Se it's more than a bit ‘ambarraising far hin nw thot, even 109 2 standard issue heene PC, you, miaed 200 timas that amount of ‘memory just to run his own ‘company’s software: Fortunately for Bil, others predicted that the technolagical future would involve cient computers that were the size of Cites, whereas what we actully have is eveatvieking inodals that you can turk neatly into'your pocket, Which. ore hundreds of times more powerful than their lumbering predecessors. Nano-technology is Gefnitely the may forward. 2 ee - They ieagined the robots of the future would nat only ba able ta tink fa thernseves, but get on with the housework too, But what have we got? Mare time-saving devices and what seems like less time. Just how did that happen? And absolutely ne 4ign of & helpful house robot to mix a perfect Martini st the end of 3 hard day at the eybsrfaco. Face i, we hhaven't even ciacked robotic vacuum cleaners yet3 Alr tour net booking moan space travel is only for the trained of for the fantastically wealthy few. Tru, allin-one body (the uniform of brave space pioneers} did make a number af fashion appearances — think lycra exercise gear in the eighties — but on the whole, we've roalsed that body 5 misnomer, because they don't actually suit bodies, other than those with faultless dimensions Wich ther big fib 2 in the future, No matter how much nipping, ticking, sucking and filing we do, Gur bodies continue te traltorously reveal the Signs of our ineressing years, Sorry! 4 Actually. we do now know haw to extend life ~ by eating exercising more. Even se, Californian eryogenies suporaalesmen have enuuaded some people to par vast sums of money on 2 prom! th is right”. But since we haven't yet evon perocted freoring stranberries, these poor deluded souls may be nothing mare than mucky puddles by 2082. As for transport, the raaton we aren't all bureing areund in pur even mini planas has quite a lot to do with the fact that nobody thought about what would heppen when everyone wanted one. Were thay going to be stacked high above our streets, stuck in an ondiass holding po we desperately tried to do our shopping? ‘them whan ‘the time Nutritionally perfect pils to replace all our food? Nothing but online shopping, £0 thor ke we yaur hame/computee and the shons? Bath h mat with a resounding thu down from the public. We simaly refuse to give up rutritionally nightmars chips, And we show absolutely ne Inclination to forago the ple: touching, examining and try) (poate Hinks Wie lone ar jour shopping, thank you cusad on rs.and flying saucers. Ours ara reproductive. For instance we worry that, come 2052, it will be increasingly normal fer grannies to ving bicth, ot ny will be pss bat that i t male ible. Irs my you asked 100 women in now or in 2052, if they. wanted a test-tube baby or dau glazing, 99 per cert would opt for the windows. As for male pregnancy, | have it filed under "0 eae eruclerabes with human cloning and genetic inaering, Yes, it might all be technically possi wall see genetic engineering for very specific and well-defined medical reasons, but ic will eemain phenomenally risky for the baby. H's oh unchangeable pa le, and you might for our ure generations. Grammar extension Future forms Read the predictions below and find examples of the following: = Willto make a prediction going to to make a prediction © wo phrases in the Pres simple that convey a future meaning © a ‘past’ modal used to talk ‘about the Future = a future modal © a future passive form ‘© the Future Continuous © the mare in the past © the ‘past im the future’ 4), Supermarket experts believe that in a fow years we'll be eating far more functional foods, e.g, specially grown food. with cancer-fighting properties, 1B) Mechanical hearts will soon be used for transplants, removing the pressure to find human donors ©} The first artificial eyes are set to appear within ten years, 4), Most experts agree that we're going to have to find ways of becoming more active if we are to stay fit and healthy ©) The labour-saving devices of the future could lead to on epidemic of obesity 1) A favourite prediction of the eighties was that videophones would take over from ordinary phones, but there is no sign of this happening, 4} tis predicted that by 2020 cash will have virtually disappeared A radical new form of energy will almost certainly emerge soon, f) Most seientists don't believe that ‘we will ever be nble to travel through time. ») > Grammar extension bank pp.148- 151 89module 9 2ist-century lifestyles, Listening and speaking The changing face of tourism 1 Discuss these questions. + What kind of holidays are popular with visitor to your country? * Has tourism influenced the town/country where you Ih * What have the positive and negative effects been, atid what changes ‘would you like to see? Dav You are going to listen to radio programme about ‘eco-tourism’. Can you guess what this is? b) © [9.18] Listen to the first part of the programme. 8) What are most people fooking for in a holiday, according tothe Introduction? b} Which negative aspeets of going on holiday are mentioned? «) How does Gavin Allan define eco-tourism? Is his definition similor to @) What does he see as ‘the way forword’ 7 3% [9.tb) inthe second part of the programme you will hear two holidays described. Complete the gri. Reasons to go there Typical activities “Other unusual features: | 4 Work in pals. Look at this ist of alternative holidays, Including those mentioned in the programme. Would they appeal to you? Whyrwhy not? «yoga retreat in the Sei Lankan jungle 1 fourday water-colour painting course in rural England staying with Gushmen in the Kalahari Desert ‘birdwatching holiday in remote Eastern Hungary 1 horse-riding holiday in the olive groves of Northern Portugal tan archaeology trip searching for dinosaur bones in the Argentine desert fn Italian cookery course in a farmbouse in rural Tuscany ‘asurfing course in a remote beach resort in Mexico ‘survival course in the Rocky Mountains of North America ‘camel-trekking in the Sina5 Find out what your partner enjoys doing and what he/she looks far in a holiday. Design a suitable ‘activity’ holiday for him/her. include: + an appealing * a rough programme of activities * the kind of acommodation/level of luxury that your partner prefers. ation > Phrase builder Patterns to notice Describing trends 1 To describe trends, we atten use the Present Comunuous, particularly with verbs lke become, get (eetternworse), devefop, increase, prove, deteriorate in is becoming its own 2 These can be accompanied by adverbs like rapidly! quicktyistowlincreasingly, etc: is rapidly developing are are gradually becoming b 3. We also often use comparative forms and phrases tke more and mere and increasingly, People are living longer and longer. wople are taking to the Skies More and mare each year, s getting increasingly difficult to escape from work {6 Use the phrases above to write sentences of your ‘own about trends in: + the job market in your country > education + transport + holidays and travel people's health technology the media, Write five sentences that you think are true and three. that you think are false. Compiters ore getking more and mote soph skicakea, Pubkc exams afe becoming increasinghy a ffLcue The quakky of TV programmes is aebertorating cok Read your sentences to other students, ‘Can they spot the false ones? 1_. module 9 2ist-century lifestyles . Personal vocabulary Explaining why you are including things will give them an impression/a taste/a snapshatia good overview of = 15 good way of itustrating’demonstrating would bea geod example Of a. Imagining how they wit! react «» they'll probably find ... E very-oddunny because . Hopefully, they'll be able to. Hl was opening the capsule, i) > Phrase builder Task: create a ‘time capsule’ for future generations Preparation for task 11 "you could travel ina time machine, which eras) n the past would you choose to visit? Why? ‘2 2) Which of these things dlo-you find mosteast interesting when you are learning about a period in the past? + important events, wars and politics? novels, dinries, newspapers, etc. which give you an Ansight into the way people thought then? + everyday objects such as clothes, tools or furniture? bb) Have you visited any museums which have made life in the past particularly vivid?You are going to create a ‘time capsule’, not to be opened before the year 2250, to help future generations understand life at the beginning of the 21st century. a) Read the guidelines and spend 5-10 minutes making your list of ideas individually It will be the size of o sultease, afte cain be sealed so etectively that ven fresh food wlll be perfectly preserved. You can put in whatever you like, but should bear in mind that the technology may no longer exist to play our CDs, videos, et. ‘Aim to inelude about 1S items which best represent the most typieal aspects of modern life Think about which of these things you want to teprevent/include, ‘and the main ideas that you want to.get across: ‘culture and entertainment food and drink fashion/design ppoliticsiand important events technology and media everyday objects that may no Tanger exist Interesting documents, ote b) Think about how to explain why you have chosen those things. ‘Ask your teacher for any vecabulary you need, D> Personal vocabulary 2 in small groups, discuss and explain your ideas. Together, draw up a list of the 15 best ideas. > Useful language 3 Present your lst to the cass, taking it in turns to explain why you have chosen those items. One person in your group should write your list up an the beard. fither Vote for the best individual group's time capsule (you can't vate for your owt) or Vote on the 15 best objects overall. Each student has five votes. Why did you vote as you did?module 9 2ist-century lifestyles Wordspot well 11 took at the diagram showing the main uses of wel, underline any Uses that you were not previously aware of, Fealthy tisfactorily (= adjective) Se * lookfee! weit ‘© The comcert went well, * Get well soon. *# Did you sleep well? = welbbuilt = wellsthought-out © wellcdressed Dan interecion tn speech © Well, maybe he’s right. phrases te congratulate people 1 well betove midnight ‘well behind us © FU have some of this ‘= weil worth doing cheese-as well, please. cere ono + As well as well are truly (fi = neg exhausted, ete) $6 oad probaviy with may, might ‘and could ‘« Hemay/mlght well be at home today, ‘Future generations may/could well see things very diferent talented, she's very hard-working. D Asan interjection, well can have subtly different meanings. Match the meanings in the box to the uses belaw. foremphasis topause © tDacceptasitvation to show surprise to show angerlannoyance toshow you'velnished —_toexpress doubt to continue a story 4) Well, welll Fancy Andy and Lau getting married! 1) Well. you know what | think, | completely agree! © Well, 1 think she could have phoned and apologised! ) Well, maybe ... what do other people think? fe) Well, let me think. 1) You know whet you told me about Erica the other day, well. after I spoke to-you, 1 saw her in the supermarket and you'll never guess what she... 4) Well, if you're sure that’s what you really want ., bh) Well, I think that's it then. 3 a) What do these well + past participle adjectives mean? {The ones marked * may need to bbe checked in a dictionary) wallbalanced — welkbehaved well-built? velhchosen welldressed —-welleamed® walheducated —wellwetter, welHald-out* —_wellrepared welled wellintormed wellookedatter well-meaning wellnewn — wellmannered veal! well-paid wlivead* — wellthoughtout ) Which of the adjectives above should these thingsipeople be? books ehildren your parents shops teachers ‘potential husband/wife holiday ‘Compare answers with other students, A, Wire could you acs weil in these sentences to give ‘emphasis? 19) think all of you are wel ‘ware of the difficulties we have faced recently. 1b) By the time we got home, it was ‘her eight o'clock, 9) Personally, | think the end results have been worth all the effort, ) As you know, you are not Allowed to smoke in here. +¢). By the time they arrived — two ‘hours late, I was tnily fed tp. f) Marta is ahead of the other students in the class. 9) The Chinese were using paper money’ before people in the west, > Phrase builderReal life Collocations with computer terms. 41 Workin groups. piscuss and cross out the colocation in each diagram that is not commonly used when talking about computers, Fe nero Occ serine Epatind sta —___-*—~ a new printer afile ahard copy your software ee print out }— a saft copy Dirate your hardware —“——. a document the menu a file ® a key word Coach Fn a Pein I the ened a a document your password a eee: Seen >= a. webaite Caiek on = bee ——“— your mouse @ hyperlink ae re rs ‘delete ——— >i oar D— = dates ——— 5 28 em) cut and paste ~~ ost — 2 Work in pairs. A imagines helshe is someone who knows nothing about computers (2.2, your grandmother!) and asks B to ‘explain five of the terms in Exercise 1. B must explain using as little jargon as possible. Use the picture tohelp you. Describe as precisely as you can the things you always! usually do, when you: start up your computer ‘goon the internet ‘heck your email ‘write a document for work or college on a computer shut down your comptiter ‘Are there any other things you ‘often do? 95Reading: detecting lies Listening: short story out if your partner vrr ‘Writing: a news article ‘Vocabulary: truth and lies Noun phrases Ellipsis and substitution Patterns with as ... as + verb Real life: expressing surprise sbi vYyyTy Vocabulary and speaking Is it ever OK to lie? a) Here are some common lies. Who might say these, in what circumstances, and why? 1 lease don't worry about it, it wasn’t all that valuable.* 2. ‘She/He means nothing tame {t's you that I really lave, 3 "You-won't feel a thing, 1 promise.” 4 ‘Whatever happens, hope we can stil be friends, ‘Don't ery - your rabbit's gone to rabbit heaven. I know he has, 6. ‘Sorry, she's in a:meeting at the ‘moment. Can she call you back later? 1b) What othar things do people often tie about? D Read the 12 situations on 9.97. In which is the person lying, and in which is the person telling the truth? Are there any cases where it is not clear? 961 A invites his old friend B to dir some poople:B really can't = oon of the dinner, 8 stomach bug and can't come Testifying under oath, 3 mot her taenage son wa: 3 pelson. 2 A.woman asks her best friend if her new dress is too short for her: Hor friend thinks it is, but says it looks fine 4 ani eect inting by a famous artist, whi ‘to a private collector fora inege amount off money, 5 A child has broken his mot but whon she asks, he:says the cat did it 6 A tells Boa rumour that C and D, bath married to ‘other people, dre: having an illicit a only. half-believas the story, but talle several thar people anyway. ling thom bom hundreds of pounds, B A litte git tells hor mother thot her brother has eaten some that their mother had told them not to A woman halt Veerible momina in which everything seems ts ‘go wrong, She retells the: ory throughaut the day to vatious fiends, e=th time adding to the story to make it more armusing By the end of the day it has changed considerably! ‘ 10 A husband asks hie-wife why she thinks he i putting on weight. She has thaught for years that inactive and diinks too much beer, ad tells >in 2a bluntly. 11 A.group of yoling men get up some what are supposed to be oliens,” of hous i) people are taken in, and thay end uy sal thelr pictresto several newspapers. 12. A young woman, who is-engoged | “ina few months’ time, starts aesing o ‘young than saceeti. : Match these phrases tothe situations. There may be more than ane possible answer spreading malicious gossip G exaggerating Ci telling tates Di committing perjury 1G conning people out of money CG telting am © cheating on someone ( making an excuse [telling a white lie Cl comming forgery carrying outa hoax O1 telling a few home truths 4 8) Read the situations in Exercise 2 again and mark them 142s follows: {= It was right to ie, 2. It was wrong to lie, but not tertibly serious, = It as very wrong, 4 = It was wrong to tell the truth. Which is the worst pleee of dishonesty in your opinion? b) Compare and expiain your answers in groups. Which situations did you disagree about? ‘€) Which of the things in Exercises 1 and 2 might you say/do? Which would you never say/do? 5 Which words and phrases in bold in Exercises 2 ‘and 3 fit into the following categories? minor lies ays of telling the truth beng a \ whibe ke ces things you do in court relating to mationships > Phrase builder 7module 10 Truth andlies ——_ Listening 3 0.12] Listen to part 1 of ‘i the story. In groups, discuss The Unicorn in the Garden hieetie 4] Match the two halves of the quotations about lies ancl truth. Explain @) What:dld the nea areit te \what each quotation means. Which do you think are most true? oon ee jane ~_b) What did he tll his wife? (Truth is stranger 1 beats all the les you can invent. | How eid ahe respon bb) thas alveoys been desirable 2. but it requires a man of some Gay Hasreecuidyen ascii Bate to tll the truth sense to know how to tell ale well relaulsnhip? 9 boa thar's told with bad 3 the best policy. 4) What do you think will happen intent. et? 4) Any fool con tll the truth ... 4 while the ruth ie stil pulling its boots en, 4 10.1 Listen to pare2 of 1) Be sure your les. $. butsldom if ey aeesiy 6 tasty alia aisles theta tel the whole tru | th De fee aie wife so excited? round — 7-will always find you out oe SE a: |b) Who did she phone ond what : J did she say? ©) What did she tell them when they arrived? You are going to listen to a short story by the American humorist 7 Dee cen ald ba Veer ndeiter pemeualieree) 9 wee ee characters, objects and places in the story. (oman Wise auricorn” —_apsychiatrat’ a policeman) 5 Shore uistentothe nal | astaitjacket —egoldenhom __the-booby hatch'* ) part of the story, and discuss == ea these questions. a) From the key words, do you expect the story to be: 10) Wiore your predictions correct? = tage? + lever? ‘What happened in the end? + omusing? © dake? ) Why did the husband live + magical? © childish? happily ever otter? ©) Did the unicorn ext? bb) Predict briefly what might happen in the story. &) Which of the adjectives from ¢ sa = a ce a Exercise 2a would you now use Toa va yon efi fasion vapid GaT poo ) to describe the story? bendy atch taken to menn a mental Nop aneG {22k2t the words in bold in the tapescript on p.174, Use the context to guess the meaning, then check in a dictionary. 7 ai took back at the sayings in Exercise 1. Which applyido nat apply to this story? b) According to the writer, the moral ofthis story is ‘Never count your boobies until they are hatched’ ~ a variation on the proverb ‘Never count Your chickens until they're hatched,’ Can you write a moral of your own? Patterns to notice Patterns with as ... as + verb 1. Complete the sentence from the story: ‘The wife got up and diessed fast as she ‘We can make similar pattems such as As much as you wont, as for as they can. as much as ‘as many as ‘+ wantiwanted ais soon as (ikeiked as fast as + canicould as long as. ‘+ needineeded as oftenas as faras Answer the questions below using an appropriate pattern from the box. 42) “Buffet: All you eam eat for €10.’ What does this sigh outside a restourant Yoo can eat 05 much a5-yoo sank. bb) You're at a very boring party. Your partner asks when you can leave. ‘What do you say? ©) There are no limits on the number of cigarettes you can bring into the ‘UK from EU countries, So how many cigarettes can you buy at the ‘airport? 4) haven't got enough time to read the whole book by tomorow. How much should I read? } How long should I spend doing my homework? 1) Oh, dear... !ean’t eat allthis. Do 1 have to eat it all? 4) How often did you go swimming when you were on holiday? 1h) It's very urgent that I see you, How soon can you get here? {) How many people can | invite to my birthday party? 1) Can't you twe walk any faster? ky How long can I keep the computer games you lent me? Grammar extension 1 Noun phrases ‘Complete the gaps below only when necessary. Sometimes more than one word will be necessary. 0) enon te cam be halfway round ....the... world while Jee. rath is stil pulling As... boots on. ) I'm sorry I can't come ‘evening but I've got stomach bug. .-man has been selling bogus home security systems to = oldbage pensioners. litle grt tes mother that _ brother has eaten sseets that senearwmene Mother had told themn not to eat: ©) serene SOUP OL young men take hoax photes of vou people are young Find examples of the following in Exercise 1: fan indefinite article ‘definite article a demonstrative 1 possessive ‘a quantifier nN ‘Think of other examples of your ‘own, D Grammar extension bank p-152 and p.154