National Institute of Immunology Entrance Examination for the PhD Programme 2017 After some effort, Virat drew a perfect circle and a square on a paper. Then he cut those pieces out and weighed them in a sophisticated machine. He surprisingly noticed that the weights were identical. If so, what would be the ratio of radius (r) of the circle and edge (a) of the square (r:a)? ™ al Im: Na pomp -eae Dr. Naren has a car with a license plate whose last digit is an even number. Government had imposed a ban on driving even-numbered cars on odd dates for the entire month of January. Sundays were exempted from this restriction and 3 January 2016 was a Sunday. Calculate how many days Dr. Naren had to car-pool. A. 16 B. 15 Cia) Do If £(3)=29, and £(5)=75, then fix) =? AL xx+23 B. x2.3x+5 C. 43xt3S D. 3x*-xt5 What should be the next number in the series, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, .. 26 24 13 1 DOpP>NII PhD Entrance Examination 2017 In how many different ways can the letters of the word ‘PROTEIN’ be arranged such that the vowels should always come together? A. 122 B. 420 Cc. 720 D. _ none of these Mark the appropriate answer: log2 log2 logy 16 = 16 2 i 0 goe> Three congruent squares are arranged in a row. If the perimeter of ABCD is 80, the area of ABCD is . A B D c A. 192 B. 260 Cc. 300 D. 1600 Chitra kept 400 apples in a basket, out of which 40% were found to be rotten. Ina second basket she kept 200 apples but only 20% were rotten, and in a third basket she kept 100 apples and found that 10% of the apples in that basket were rotten. What is the percentage of total apples that were rotten? A. 10 B. 20 Cc. 30 D. 4010. IL 12. NII PhD Entrance Examination 2017 At the NII workshop, Mr. Singh connected two resistances, RI and R2, one in series and another one in parallel. He surprisingly noticed that the equivalent resistances were same in both the configurations. If R1 is 2 Ohms, then the value of R2 is % Ohm 1 Ohm 20hm none of the above poe Ifa moving object cuts its speed by half, the change in momentum would be ~ the same as before. twice as much as before. one half as much as before. none of the above. powPr When a fluorescent chromophore is excited by light, the wavelength of the emitted light is always higher than the wavelength of the excitation light. lower than the wavelength of the excitation light. same as the wavelength of the excitation light. dependent on the chromophore. pomp ‘A man standing between two cliffs P and Q fires a gun and hears two successive echoes at 1.2 sec and 2.6 sec after firing. What is the distance between the cliffs if velocity of sound is 340ms"? 476m 646m 1292m 2584m pose A piece of ice floats on water. What will happen to the level of water when the ice melts completely? The level will remain unchanged. ‘The level will increase. ‘The level will decrease It will depend on the volume of water and the size of the piece of ice. powerNII PhD Entrance Examination 2017 Sir C.V. Raman was awarded the Nobel Prize for his work connected with which of the following phenomenon of radiation? A, Scattering B. Diffraction C. Interference D. Polarization A box with mass m is sliding down an incline. Initially the box was released at a height h from the ground. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the box and the incline is i. If the box slides down the incline at a constant speed, how much energy will be dissipated by friction by the time the box reaches the bottom of the incline? ™@ XY 4 mo A. mgh/ B. mgh C. umgh/sin® D. _ mgh/sin The atomic number of calcium element is 20. Which one of the following is the correct electronic orbital configuration for Ca”* ion? A. 1s?2s? 2p® 3s? 3p? B. 1s? 2s? 2p° 3s? 3p® C. _ Is?2s? 2p® 3s? 3p* D. —1s?2s?2p* 3s? 3p* Huné’s rule states that the number of unpaired electrons in a given energy level is ——. A. aconstant B. aminimum Cc. zero D. amaximum20. 21 NII PhD Entrance Examination 2017 How many phases are present in a sealed, half-filled vessel containing water at 298 °K? A. Four B. Two Cc. Three D. One Which one of the following is considered an inert element? Zirconium Argon Tungsten Cobalt gop> Many biological molecules contain complexes with inorganic metal ions. Identify the metal ions present in vitamin B12, chlorophyll, and hemoglobin, respectively? Copper, zinc, and iron Cobalt, magnesium, and iron Cobalt, iron, and magnesium Zinc, magnesium, and copper gowp Which one of the cation and anion pairs in the salts given below is isoelectronic? A. AgCl B. CsCl c. KCl D. LiCl Carbon dioxide has a linear shape and methane has a tetrahedral shape. Which one of, the following describes the shape of a sulphate (SO3”) anion? Square Trigonal pyramidal Square pyramidal Octahedral pomp24. 25. 26. 21. NII PhD Entrance Examination 2011” In order to remove metal ions, an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol-bis(2- aminoethylether)-N.N,N’ .N’-tetraacetic acid (EGTA) was employed. Which one of the following metal ions is most likely to be removed by EGTA? Manganese cation Ammonium ion Calcium cation Aluminium ion poe Which one of the following molecules contains a triple bond between carbon and nitrogen atoms? A. Azobenzene B. Benzamide C. — Benzonitrile D. — Nitrobenzene Which one of the following is not found in DNA and RNA in biological systems? A. 2'-Deoxy-ribose B. Methyl group C. Phosphodiester moiety D. _3*-Deoxy-ribose The second law of thermodynamics states that any spontaneous change in an isolated system is accompanied by an increase in —----- of the system. A. enthalpy B. temperature C. free energy D. entropy Which one of the following compounds has a carbon-carbon double bond in a trams- configuration? Succinic acid Fumaric acid Maleic acid Malic acid pOpPpNII PhD Entrance Examination 2017 28. Which one of the following amino acids forms tertiary amide bonds in proteins? 29. 30. 31. 32. Isoleucine Threonine Tryptophan Proline pOR> Which one of the following pairs of amino acids differs by one methylene unit in their chemical structure? Glycine and Glutamine Proline and Phenyl alanine Glutamine and Asparagine Glutamic acid and Methionine poe> Which of the following best characterizes the distribution of parental DNA strands when one DNA double helix is replicated to form two double helices? Each of the newly formed double helices contains exactly one parental strand. Exactly one of the two newly formed double helices contains both parental strands. The parental strands are not incorporated into either of the newly formed double helices, Each of the newly formed double helices contains multiple randomly distributed segments of each parental strand. Dp ABP Which of the following steps in the scientific method would you associate deductive reasoning with? A. Formulating the hypothesis B. Researching the scientific literature C. Experimentation D. None of the above Fat is stored in connective tissue adipose tissue epithelial tissue areolar tissue popP33. 34. 35. 37, NIT PhD Entrance Examination 2017 Which element is required for the synthesis of thyroxine? ‘A. Magnesium B. lodine Cc. Calcium D. Iron ‘The conceptual basis on which vaccines work is A. induction of innate immune responses. B. discrimination between self and non-self. C. immune memory. D. induction of local inflammation at the injection site. ‘The relative level of specific IgM antibodies can be of diagnostic significance because ‘A. IgM is easier to detect than other isotypes. B. Viral infection often results in very high IgM responses. C. IgM antibodies are more often protective against re-infection than are the other isotypes. D. Relative high levels of IgM often correlate with a recent exposure to the inducing agent. To which one of the following groups would it be acceptable to give a live attenuated viral vaccine? Children under 8 years of age Patients treated with steroids Pregnant mothers Patients with leukemia pOmP The circulation of a two month old breast-fed baby will contain maternal A. IgA B. IgD Cc. IgE D. IgG38. 40. 4. NII PhD Entrance Examination 2017 B-cells are able to make cell-surface and secreted versions of antibodies using different gene pools. differential splicing. different heavy chain class but the same light chain. different light chain class but the same heavy chain. pose In an attempt to generate immortal cell lines that could produce antibodies indefinitely, George fused spleen cells from an immunized mouse with a cancerous myeloma cell line of B cell origin which lacked the enzyme hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase and did not produce antibodies on its own. As controls, he also fused spleen cells with spleen cells and myeloma cells with myeloma cells. After fusion, cells were grown in a medium containing hypoxanthine, thymidine and aminopterin (HAT ‘medium; aminopterin is an inhibitor of de novo pathway of nucleotide biosynthesis). 7- 10 days later, George found growing cells only in wells in which he had put spleen x myeloma fused cells. These results suggest that the myeloma cell line which George used in his experiment has a limited life span. spleen cells can’t utilize thymidine and hypoxanthine to synthesize DNA. myeloma cells do not die in the presence of aminopterin. fused spleens x myeloma hybrids acquire the ability to grow in HAT medium from spleen cells. goe> The antigen moiety on an antigen-presenting cell recognized by the alpha beta T-cell receptor is Native protein antigen plus major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molzcule Processed (peptide) antigen plus MHC Processed peptide antigen Native antigen VORP The incidence of malaria is increasing worldwide. Which of the following strategies is currently the most effective means of controlling the spread of this disease? Quarantine all infected people Reduce mosquito breeding grounds Treat all infected people with antibiotics Genetically modify human red blood cells to make them malaria-resistant Papp42, 43. NII PhD Entrance Examination 2017 Endotoxin produced by gram negative bacteria is present in peptidoglycan lipopolysaccharide teichoic acid inner membrane pomp An atom has been oxidized when it ‘A. combines with oxygen B. gains an electron C. loses an electron D. both A and C Three samples, namely, A, B, and C were tested by a student and following results were obtained. The samples were rain water, sewage water and sea water but not necessarily in that order. SampleA SampleB Sample C pH 82 5.5 85 Oxygen content high high low Chloride ion concentration high nil low Microorganisms low nil very high Which list correctly identifies samples A, B and C in order? ‘Sea water, rain water, sewage water Sea water, sewage water, rain water Rain water, sea water, sewage water Sewage water, rain water, sea water pomp You have isolated the jirst restriction enzyme ftom Stenotrophomonas maltophilia RY belonging to genus Stenotrophomonas. What would be the name of the restriction enzyme? A. SmaRI B. SteRI C. Smal D. Stel 1046. 47. 48. (NII PhD Entrance Examination 2017 Peptidoglycan layer in bacteria is composed of repetitive units of N-acetyl-D- glucosamine (NAG) and N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM) connected as shown in the dotted circle in the picture below. identify the type of linkage between NAG and NAM. Monomer of peptidoglycan CH,OH eon neH H=C-CHs o=¢ coo ony N-acetylglucosamine _ N-acetylmuramic acid (NAG) (NAM) alpha 14 linkage beta I-+4 linkage alpha 16 linkage beta 16 linkage com> In the TCA cycle two-carbon acetyl group is transferred from acetyl CoA to oxaloacetate resulting in the formation of citrate, Two carbons of citrate are then oxidized to CO2 and oxaloacetate. Each tum of TCA cycle yields —-——? one molecule of ATP, three molecules of NADH and one molecule of FADH2 ‘one molecule of ATP and four molecules of NADH ‘one molecule of GTP, three molecules of NADH and one molecule of FADH2 ‘one molecule of GTP. two molecules of NADH and two molecules of FADH) pope Protein mixtures are resolved by SDS-PAGE. Please identify the incorrect statement regarding this technique in the following options. ‘A. SDS is necessary for proper stacking of proteins in the stacking gel. B. SDS binds proteins and gives them uniform negative charge. CC. _ Inpresence of SDS, proteins are separated based on molecular weight. D. Glycine plays an important role in stacking of proteins during SDS-PAGE. tt49, 50. Sl. 92. ‘NII PhD Entrance Examination 2017 The normal coat color of a mouse is agouti, determined by a gene C. A mutation in this gene, C’, results in yellow coat. The mutation is a recessive lethal allele but is dominant with respect to coat color. If you cross CC’ x CC’, what would be the inheritance pattern? A. 25% agouti, 50% yellow, and 25 % will not survive B. 50% agouti, 25 % yellow, and 25 % will not survive C. 25% agouti, 25 % yellow, and 50 % will not survive D. None will survive Towards deciphering the genetic code, Dr. Har Gobind Khorana developed a method to synthesize long RNA molecules consisting of short defined sequences repeated many times. Assuming UUAC sequence is repeated over and over, how many different triplets would occur in the synthetic RNA? UUA & CUU UUA, UAC and ACU UUA, UAC, ACU & CUU UUA, UAC and CUU pomP> Eukaryotic myoglobin protein is composed of 150 amino acids. What would be the number of nucleotides in the open reading frame of myoglobin mRNA? 453 bases 450 bases 447 bases 900 bases pope Identify the correct answer: In higher eukaryotes, the organelle genomes -———~? . encode all the proteins found in the organelle, are always circular. encode some but not all the proteins found in the organelle, are always linear. pomp53. 54, 55. NII PhD Entrance Examination 2017 Aspartic acid contains three ionizable groups; o-NH group, a-CO:H group and side chain B-CO2H group. Assuming the pKa values of these groups are 10, 2, and 4, respectively, what would be the isoelectric point? A. 5.333 B. 4.333 Cc 6 D. 3 The X and Y axis intercepts, respectively, in Lineweaver-Burk plot correspond to A. —WKm and 1/Vmax B. WKg and 1/ Vinax C. =W/Vinax and 1/Km D. WVingx and 1/Km You have performed an experiment to determine the inhibition mechanism of an enzymatic reaction by studying kinetics in the absence and presence of an inhibitor. The results depicted in the double reciprocal plot as shown in the figure suggest which mode of inhibition? iN, NO INIEIBITOR mTOR 8} A. Un-competitive B. Competitive CC. Non-competitive D, None of the above56. 57. 59. 60. NII PhD Entrance Examination 2017 The double bonds in most of the polyunsaturated fatty acids found in our body are in which configuration? trans both cis and trans cis none of the above pop Which one of the following molecules is not a second messenger? A. Serotonin B. Cyclic AMP C. _ Diacylglycerol D. Inositol triphosphate Metabolism of D-glucose through glycolysis results in the formation of pyruvate and ATP. In order to study metabolic activity, 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), which does not get processed through glycolysis, is utilized as a probe. Based on the steps involved in alycolysis, which one of the following enzyme activities is most likely to be affected by 2-DG. Hexokinase reaction Triosephosphate isomerase reaction Phosphoglucose isomerase Enolase poOp> Base excision repair involves ‘A. hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds on either side of a modified nucleotide followed by repair. excision of modified base by glycosylases followed by repair. enzymatically unmodifying the modified nucleotide. double strand breaks on both sides of the modified nucleotide followed by repair. pos In the synthesis of proteins, which of the following steps does not involve hydrolysis of a high energy phosphate compound? Binding of aminoacy|-tRNA to the A site of the ribosome Activation of t2NAS Peptide bond formation catalyzed by peptidyltransferase Translocation of the ribosome by one codon position pomp