CONTENTS © Current Affe 5:32 HISTORY Fey = Anclent India Pre-Historc Period 1), Indus Valley Chlisaton (1), Vee Period (3, Jainism and Bde (5), Dynasties of Ancient India 6) — Medieval Provincialkingdoms (11), Mughal Empie(12), Later Mughals and Marathas (4) = Modern in ‘Advent ofthe Europeans (15) Governor General of Bengal 25), Governor - ‘Generals of naa (75), Vieroys of nda (27), The Revol of 1857 (19), Chief National Activities (29) = Artand Culture ‘lsscal Dancers of india (26), Musical Instruments and instrumentalist 27) Gers Ea — World Geography Universe (28), Solar System (28), Rock (31, Land Forms (31), Atmosphere (32), ‘Greeninouse Efect and Global Warming (33), Important Canal and Lakes ef the ‘Werid (34), Major Islands and Mineral ofthe Worl (35) = Indian Geography India (27), Highest Peaks of ini 37, portant Lakes and Rivers of Inala (39), Important River Project and their Bereilary States 0), Natural Vegetation of Inia 2), Soi in nda (2, Forests of nia (43), climate 44), Agriutare (4), Mineral Resources 5), Yansportation nina (6), allways (26), Roa Transport (46), Water Transpor (47), Ae Transport (47) — Environment and Ecology Important Sanetuaies and National Park (35), Biosphere Reserves of india (50) ENE Be Framing of the cian Consttution 51), Enactment ofthe Constitution 51), Preamble 51), Important Articles (52), Drectve Principles of State Pai (54), Fundamental Dutos (4), The President (54), The Vie President (56), Counc of Ministers (56), Prime Minster 56), Union Legislature (5), Supreme Court (58), Comptrller and Auditor General (8)= The states ‘The Governor), States Lgitur 5, The Panchayats andthe ‘Municipalities (60), Committees to Study Panchayat System (61), Union Public Service Commission 61), Election and Panning Commission (62), Natonal Development Coune (63), Finance Commission 63), -Governance and is Impacts (53), Important Parlamentry Terms (4) Constitutional. Amendments (54) CEOs Ca Outine of indian Economy (65), Broad Sectors of Indian Economy (65), Five Year Plans a= Glance (66), National Income of Inca (6), Indian Tax Structure (67), Inequality (671, Poverty (67), Erployment (68), Industries (5), Major industries In ind (70), Banking ane Finance (71), Insurance (72), Census 201% (73), Economic Terms (78) GENERAL SCIENCE Eo = Physies ‘Newton's Laws of Motion (75, Cur Motion (75), Gravitation (76 Satlites (76), General Properties of Mater 77), Archimedes’ Principle (77), Density (78), Heat ang Thermodynamics (72), Waves (20), Ught (80), Len 23), Human Eye (82), Magnets (3), Atomic and Nuclear Physics (83), Laser Teémnelogy in Inia (5) = chemistry Physical and Chemical Changes (36), Corteson (87), Acs, Bases and Salts (89), Soaps and Pestildes (0), — Biology Living Werld (92), The Cell and Human Systems (92, Ft Soluble Varin (23), ‘loo (9), Central Nervous System 25), Some Human Diseases Caused by Viruses and Bactra (9), Ecology (98), Biotechnology (38) = Computer {Components of Computer (101), Memory (101), Some Commonly Used Terms (02) Gamo 103-128 First inthe Weel, (Male and Female) (203), Superlatives (104), Countries with Capitals and Currencies (105), Geographical Epithets (106), Major Newspapers of ‘the Werks (109), Religions ofthe Wri 209, Fst in india (Male (223). Female (111), Books and Authors (113), Important Dates and Days ofthe Yea 114), ‘Abbreviations 115), Awards and Kenours (119) Indlan Defence (122)Union Budget 2020-21 + Union Budget 2020-21 was presented In Parliament on February 1,2020 by ‘the Union Minister for Finance Nirmala Siharaman + This yea’ Union Budget centres around three i2eas-Asprational India, Economic development, A Caring Society. + The Finance Minister Sold that the Union Budget 2020-21 aims + To achieve seamless delivery of services through Digital governance + Toimorove physical quality of We ‘through National Infrastructure pipline + Risk mitigat’on through cisaster resilience + Social security through pension and insurance penetration Focused Points + Fiscal deficit target pegged at 3.8% of GOP for FY20. + Over 6 erore farmers under Pradhan Mant Fasal Bima Yojana have been + Pradhan Mantri Kisan Urja Suraksha and Utthan Mahabhiyan (PX! KUSUM) to De expanded, providing 20 lakh farmers in setting up standalone solar pumes + One-Product One-Distriet for berter marketing and exportin the Honicukure sector + Agricredit target forthe year 2020-2 has aeen set kn crore + PMLKISAN beneficiates t lnder the KCC scheme. + NABARD Re-finance Scheme & her expanded 00 crore allocated for the cof the total amount, 86409 crore will be sanctioned for Ayushman Bharat Yojana + Governement will star star Ind-Sat Exam to promote study in India and a degree-level online education programme for the deprived, + Government proposed & 3000 crore for Skil India to provide relevant sl ining tothe youth + £27300 crore allocated for 2020-21 for development and promotion of Industry and Cornme + Investment Clearance Cell p:oposed {0 be set up to provide ‘end to end! faciltation and suppe + National Technical Textiles Mission tobe set up with fouryear imolementatian peviod from 2020-21 0 2022-24 + New seneme NIRVIK 0 be launches to achieve higher export credit disbursement. + 109 more airports to be under UDAAN by 2025, + Balways wil st up Kisan Ral through PP model so that perishable goods can be transporte quickly our station re-developm and operation of 150 passeng: rains through PPP ered( Current Affai + £22000 crore proposed for power ang renewable energy secrorin 2020-21 Expansion of national gas grid from the present 16200 «rr to 27000 km proposed. An allocation of & 6000 crore wil be provided for BnaratNet scheme, £ 28600 crore will be allocated in FY21 for women-linked programmes. Allocation for senior citizens and Divyang erhanced to 9500 crore. Allocation of € 2500 crore for 2020.21 for tourism promotion. An Indian Institute of Herta and Conservation under Ministry of Culture proposed: with the status ofa deemed University Reforms accomplished in SB, 10 banks consolidated into 4 and € 350000 crore capital nfused, Government to amend che companies Act to decrminalse civiloffences Insurance cover for bank depositors raised from 1 lakh to eS lakh, Government to sell govt stake in IDEL Bank to private investors + The government has proposed to sella part ofits holding in the LIC ‘through an intial ublc offering (Poy Jan Aushadhi Kendra Scheme to offer 2000 medicines and 300 surgicas inal districts by 2024 © TB Harega Desh Jeetega campaign launchea-commitment end Tuberculosis by 2025, + 83,60 lh crore approved for Jal Jeevan Mission + £12300 crore allocation for Swachh Bharat Mission in 2020-21 + The plan to provide piped water across Indian households by 2024 with €3.6 tnlion of funding, Economic Survey 2019-20 «India’s Economic Survey 2018-20 was tabledlin the Parlament ly The Chief Economic Advsor (CEA) Krishnamurthy V. Subramanian foloved by Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman on Jan, 31,2020. + The Economic Survey 2019-20 builds on Inaia’s aspiration ofS tion Economy by 2024-25 with a theme of Wealth Creatien Highlights + GDP gronth pegged at 65 88in FY 20204 as against 50% estimated for 2019-20. + Sunvey suggests relaxing Fiseal Defic target to evive gromtn in economy + To achieve GOP of $5 tilion by 2025, India needs to spend about § 1.4 tlion fn infrastructure + Uptick in GOP growth expected in second half of 2019-20, + Theme of Survey i to enable markets, promote pro-business policies and strengthening trust in the economy. + Ethical wealth creation key to India becoming $ 5 tillion economy by 2025 + Gross GST monthly collection erossee the 1 lakh crore mat five times tll Dec, 2019 + India ranks thicd in numberof new firms created, 1.24 lak fms created in 2018 compared to 70000 in 2014 + India’s lrge economy needs an ecient banking sector support grown, Stare of the banking system needs urgent attention + Sunvey suggests rationalisation of ‘goverment intervention in S0osting economic freedom and wealth creation + Accesstohelath services though Ayushman Bharat and Mission Indradhanush across the country has improved + Thalinomics’ = Affordabilty of vegetarian ‘Thal improved 25% and that of nenavegetarian Thal by 18% from 2006-07 to 2019-20,Current Affairs D) Cabinet Approved the Medical Its the fourth waste to energy plant in Termination of Pregnancy the country and fst plant (Amendment) Bill, 2020 commissioned by Government sector ‘The Union Cabinet has approved the and indian Railways (IR) Medical Termination of Pregnancy New Indian English Words Added Amendment) Bl, 2020 on ian.28,2020. to Oxford Dictionary The bill will amend the Medical The tenth edition of the Oxford Termination of Pregnancy Act, 1971 and Advanced Learne''s Dictionary, whi ‘extends the upperlimitfor permitting was aunched on January 24 2020, has abortions from the pres 384 Indian English words 2A weeks, inthis atest edition, 26 new Indian 'Samvidhaan’ Named as Oxford _languages words namely Aachaar, Hindi Word of 2019 CChawl dabba,haral, shaadi and Several Samwvidhaan or Constitution has been NCorporate words lke chatoos fake named as the Hindi Word ofthe Year for "eS icropastic& over 1000 new 2018 by Oxford University Press on words were Included. January 28, 2020 ISRO Unveiled Vyommitra’ for The word was picked as 2018 saw the Gaganyaan values of democracy, secularism, juste, The indian Space Research liberty, equality, ana fraternity being Qrganisation (SRO) has urwelled a tested on the touchstone of the hal-humanoid or human-robot named samwvidhaan, “Wyommitra’ which will be sent to space SC Allows Govt.to Bring African 25 Batt ofthe Gaganyaan mision on Cheetah to India, January 22,2020. The Supreme Courthas allowed the ‘Yom Mia’ or fiend in the sky's capable of conversing with astronauts, recognising them, and responding to Centre to introduce the Afican cheetah tea suitable habitat in India Palpur Kuno sanctuary in Madhya Pradesh) on elt queries, an experimental basis on January 28, _‘riscalled hal-humanoid sine it does 2020. not have legs though it can bend Te deciion wastaken after apetiton _forvardand sideways vis‘es by lot onal "oer Consenstcn — POLNET2.0 Facility Launched ‘Authorty(NTCAI ro imroduce the pion Minster of Stat or Home Afars dficanchestanfiom Namibassche ip mhinaiagalsac eaten fate dan Cheetah thathas become (Wad Niyanond ins augur almost extinct in India services POLNET 2.0 on January 20, Indian Railways Commissioned 2020, Fist Waste to Energy Pant Iisa captive satelte-besed nework hhdlan Ralwaye hascermisioned the that provides video, audlo and data Duntry's first governmental waste to ‘connectivity across the country, ee eeachar tance espeialy in tines of asters when Repair workshop at Bhuoaneswar under regular communication either gets the East Coast Railway zone. jammed or crashes.( Current Affai Pariksha Pe Charcha 2020 Held PM Narendra Modi has attended the 3 edition of Priksha Pe Charcha 2020’ hel at Talkatora Stadium in New Delhi en sanuaty 20,2020, He advised students to study in their ‘comfortable time, eer the exam hall, ‘with fth and without any pressure and start attempting the paper with easier question, He guided students that they should not fear failures anc learn from tas it ‘would lad them towards thei SU-30MKI Aircraft Squadron Inducted Indian AirForce has inducted the first SukhoF-30MKI fighter aircraft squadron atthe Thanjavurar base ‘The SUOMI fighters are being ‘equipped with the airlaunched version ofthe BrahMossupersonic “russe missles which can hit targets at around 300 kilomatves with precision, ‘Thisis the fst SU-ZOMKIFighter aircraft Squadron in South India whicn wil look after amartime role as well ‘One Nation, One Ration Card’ Scheme will be Implemented by June 2020 Union Minister Sam Vilas Paswan has announced on January 20, 2020 that the ‘One Nation, One Ration Cara’ Scheme willbe implemented by June 1, 2020 across the country. Under this scheme, a beneficiary will be able to aail benefits across the country using the same ration car. ‘The beneficiaries willbe identified and verified through Aadhaar authentication atthe Fair Price Shops fon the electronic point of sale (e-POS) devices, India Successfully Test-fired K-4 Ballistic Missle Inia successfully testfred the 3500km stoke ange nucleat-capable K- submarine launched baltic mise of the coast of Andhra Pradesh on January 18,2020 “The missile system s boing developed by the DRDO and is to be fisted into the Indigenouslybult INS Anhant-cass rnuclear-powered submarines ofthe Indian Navy Pulse Polio Programme 2020 Launched President Rar Nath Kovind has launched ‘he Pulse Polio Prograrnme 2020 by acministering Polio drops to children Sw ive years at Rashirapati Bhavan on January 18,2020. ‘The Puke Polio Programme 2020 was conducted 2s a part of National Immunisation Day across the county. APNA UREA-Sona Ugle Brand of HURL Launched Chemicals and Fertilizers Minister DY Sadananda Govida has launched the |APNA UREA-Sona Ugle brand of Hindustan Unvarak and Rasayan Limited (HURI) in New Delnion January 17,2020, HURL is ajoint venture company promoted by the three Maha Ratna Companies = Coal aia Limited, NTPC Limited and indian Gil Corporation Limied. ISRO’s GSAT-30 Launched, Inda’s‘high power telecommunica-tion satelite 'GSAT-30' and EUTELSAT KONNECT was successfully launched from Kourou launch base, French Guana by Aviane-5 \vle251 on January 17,2020. Iwill be replacing the INSAT-4A satelite, wich launcned in 2005, and its designed {0 be operational for at east 15 yearsCurrent Affairs 9) Second Premium Tejas Train Mukherjee Porton the occasion of 150th Flagged-off celebrations ofthe Kolkata Por: Trust ‘Gujarat Chief Minster Vijay Rupani has (KOPD. flagged-otf Murbal-Abmedabad Tejas Two oldest pensioner ofthe port Smt Express on January 17,2020. Nagina Bhagat (105 years) an Mr Thisisthe RCICs second premium Naresh Chandra Chakraborty (109 train after the semi-igh speed and fully YES) were honoured atthe event air-conditioned Delh-Lucknow Tejas and Round of intensified Mission Express Indradhanush- 2.0 The train is fullyair conditioned and The Union Government has launched ) Shala Darpan Portal Launched Along with the position of Prime Union Minister of State for HRD Sanjay Minister, e has also taken over asthe Dhotre has launched the Shala Darpan Minister of Interior Ponal for Navodays Vidyalaya Samiti He succeeded Sheikh Abdullah bin [NVS)in New Deion Novernaers, Nasser bin Khalifa Al Thani, who 2019, Shaala Darpan poral is an submitted his resignation tothe emit. neon &-Goverance Sool automation and management sytem ‘Smallest Gold Coin forNavocaya vcyloya Sart WS) ya Vidyalaya Samii ( ‘Switzerland state-owned Swissmint has minted wor’ smallest gold com of INTERNATIONAL 2.96 mm (0.12 inches) on January 23, WHO Declared the Global Risk of 2020. Switzerland Minted World’s Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) The coin features a face of scentist ‘The World Health Organization has Albert Einstein sticking out his tongue, declared the outbreak of a novel Itveighs 0063 grams and has @ nominal coronavirus 2 global health emergency value of 1/4 Swiss francs ($026) ‘on January 20,2020 because the Corruption Perceptions Index 2019 ‘outbreak continues to spread outside eae Transparency Interrationalhas released ‘ the Corruption Perceptions Index 2019 Coronavirus isan umbrella term for guring the annual meeting of the World viruses that cause ness ranging from Sans She annival meeting oF common cold to diseases such as the jonuign93, 9020, Mice East Respiratory Syndrome ° (WERS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), By January 31,2020, 213 deaths have bean -eported and 9776 confirmed cases, Denmark and Neve Zealand have comered the top spot followed by Finland, Singapore, Sweden and Switzerland in the top ten, among 180 counts Hawaiian Telescope Captured most nia slipned wo postions to 80thin Detailed Pictures ofthe Sun Yet the index itha score of 4 while kas Hawai’ Daniel K Inouye Solar Telescope at 78th in the previous year’s ranking, has captured the highest-ever resolution images of the solr surface ‘on January 29, 2020. The images show the sun's surface to be made up of ‘granular structures, like nuggets of goa, ‘each about the size of France (WEF) on January 22, 2020. Sheikh Khalid Bin Khalifa Bin switzerland crrerged a the most Abdulanz AlThan Appointedas—asteomoxte salon of oe woe Global Talent Competitiveness Index 2020 Global Talent Competitive Index (STCD 2020 has aeen released at the annual ‘meeting of the World Economic Forum New PM of Qatar followed by US and Singapore. Sheikh Khalid bin Khalifa bin Abdulaziz India mas moved up e'ght places tothe AlThani has been appointed as ne” and positon ous of 122 countries rom Prime Minister of Qataron January 28, goth Postion in GTC12019, 2020,16 ‘e-Passport Launched in Dhaka Prime Minister of Bangladesh, Shelkh Hasina has launched e-passport in Dhaka, Bangladesh on January 22, 2020. With this, Bangladesh has become the first country in South Asia and 118th ‘country inthe world to have an e-passport facility. The e-passoorts will have an fembedded chip in them which will contain the bio-metric data of the passport holder, ohotograph and other information contained in the passport Sakellaropoulou becomes Greece's First Woman President ‘Greece's parliament has alected Katerina Sakellaropoulou as the frst woman president in the Country's history on January 22, 2020. She wil succeed current ‘conservative President Prokopis Pavlopoulos, whose five-year term expires in March Prior te her election, she served as President of the Council of State, the highest administrative court of Greece, ‘Guyana Takes Over the Chairmanship of G77 ‘The South Ametican country Guyana has took over the chairmanship of the Group of 77 (G77) forthe year 2020 from Palestine The Group of77 (G77) isthe largest intergoverrmental organisation of developing countries in the United Nations Robert Abela Elected New PM of Malta Malta's governing party has elected a new leacer Robert Abela as 14th rime minister of Malta on January 12,2020 Atthe intemal party elections, he ‘obtained 9,342 votes against 6,798 for his rival Chris Fearne He replaced Joseph Muscat, who resigned in December 2018. Current Affai Henley Passport Index 2020 Henley & Partners has released the Henley passpor Index 2020 on January 8, 2020. Japan emerged as the world's most powerful passport, while Singapore took the second spot followed by South Korea anc Germany. India’s rank has drooped from 82nd in 2019 t0 84th in 2020 which means that Inaian passport allows visa-ree entry 10 58 destinations worldwide, Nigeria's passport ranked 199th as the ‘weakest passoort in the works Pedro Sanchez Re-elected as the PM of Spain Pedto Sanchez Perez-Castajon, 2 Spanish politician & Socialist leader has een «e-elecredd as Sparish Prime Minister on January 7,2020 He has also been Secretary-General of the Spanish Socialist Workers! Party (PSOE) since June 2017 Palau Becomes First Country to Ban Reef-Toxic’ Sunscreen Palau has become the fst countryin ‘the world te ban vatious types of sunscreen to protect coral eefs on January 1, 2020, The sun cream consists of oxyben zone and ‘octinoxate absorbs UY (Ultra Violet) rays which causes water more acidic, makes corals susceptible to bleaching and agitating fish stocks WHO Designated 2020 as ‘Year of. Nurse and Midwife’ ‘World Health Organisation (WHO) has designated the year 2020 as the Year ‘of the Nurse and the Midwife in honour cof the 200th bith anniversary of Florence Nightingale ‘The year 2020s significant for WHO in the context of nursing ang midwiferyCurrent Affairs 17) strengthening for Universal Health _gapIndia has been reached 112th Coverage. The WHO willalso launch among 153 counties first-ever State of the World's Nursing The report analyzed 153 countries in reper in 2920 prrto the 73rd session thet grogress toward gender party, ‘of te World Health Asser. focusing en four ain dimensions: China Launched Shijian-20 Satellite fone pegeaen a China haslaunched its heaviestand —_OPROrunity, Educational Attainment, Gains ns bunched ts Heaviest Health ane Survvaland Political satelite, Shjian-20 by ts largest new EMPOwerment. cocket Lang March from UK General Elections 2019 ‘Wenchang Space Launch Centerin gos Johnsan won the United Kingdom south Chin's Hainan Province on (UK) general election after hs December 27,2019 Conservative Panty crossed the required The Long March rocket can canya majority of 326,otes ofthe 650 seats in mmaxirum payload of 5 tonnes into the House of Commons on low Eathoreitand 14tonnesinto December 12,2018, ‘geosynchronous orbit, The Labour party headed by Jeremy Donald Trump Launched Bernard Corbyn and the Scattsh Us space fore stonalParyhendedy Ne ee olay ha erguson Sturgeon gained 203 and US President “rump oficial eer eee launched US Space ore the st US maltay seniceimoverOysfocising US Shuts Down WTO Appeal Court Sn warfare n space, on Decembe?9, The AepealCourf the World Trade 2018.He has signs the 2070 Nstionl_ Organon (TO) tat cts 0s ade Defense Authoreaton Ac. authoring pute setement bod forthe theesshmentofSpaceFotce— memoe's was smut down by the United Eight West African Countries States on December 9, 2019. Renamed Common Currency hous W's appeae body the Eight West Atican nations have agreed ute settlement will return to tochangethenarecftnercommon 261995 GAT! (Genera areementon recharge the namecrepercem™an ys and Wade) sas Quo Decemer22,2018.CFAFrancisthe Human Development Index 2019 rame of wo curencies-the West Norway topped the Human African CFA franc, which is used in8 evelopment Index {HDI} 2019 West aincan countres and‘Central_ according tothe Human Development African CFA rane, which isused in Report released by the United Nations Central African countries. Development Proaremme (UNDP) on Global Gender Gap Report 2020 December 8, 2019. ‘Would Economic Forum (WES) has ‘Switzerland and eland stood a the released the Global Gender Gap Index second and third place, respectively out Report 2020 on December 17,2018. 0" 189 countres. sia has jumged one Under the report Mind the 100 year place from 2018 to 1291n 2019 in HOI18 Current Affai ‘COP2S Climate Summit ‘Sweden paid a Say official vist 10 The 2019 United Nations Climate India from December 2-6, 201 Change Conference, also known as__——-The king and queen of Sweden (COP25 was held in Madrid, Spain, from Inaugurated the 14 MLD (megalitres per December 2-13, 2019 under the day] Sewage Treatment Plart(STP) Sarai presoeng othechicangorerment.vlagen arowartteatrana Otay he Summit as supposed © Nuad Thal Masrage included in tnlepacinchic buwasieocred” Yueseonase aie tpSeainaferpltal umes The famous 200,er kd Nad Tha ange Irasage tat hasbeen pated in Theconferenceincmporesthe2sin_‘Taae aia been paced n Conference of the Parties to the United — the UNESCO's list of intangible cultural Nations Framework Convention on heritage’ practices. The massage follows ‘Climate Change (UNFCCO), the 15th a traditional healing mechanismn that meeting of the parties for the Kyoto folds the body and uses sharp elbow Protocol (CMP15), and the second techniques, combining acupressure and Inetng oft ates forthe Pars eg combing ‘Agreement (CMA) Oxford Word of the Year 2019 NATO Summit 2019 ‘Announced The United kingdom (UK) hosted two Oy/ord Dieinavies has declares climate ay organised 2019 NATO North emergency asthe word ofthe yet for Abo ety Craanietion) seme 2019 on November 21, 2079. in tendon fiom December Climate emergency is defined asa Te purpose ofthe summit was tO makes tuation in which urgent action is the heads of state and neacs of required to reduce oral climate government of NATO member counties Change and avond parental to evaluate and prove seategic imeversble environmental damage rection for Aliance activites The year fasutng from ° 2019 marks the 7otn anniversary ofthe summit Pakistan Launched Shaheen-1 Missle ‘Aghanistan Fist Country founch ef Shanon suroceor surface to Recognize Indian Pharmacopoeia scc missile on November 18, 2019. ‘Aighanstan has become the fist COUNtY The chanson} musie ieapable of to recognise the Indian Pharmaccpoeia 4, ern allyere of watheads ue to sandudsfordrgsamedcnes the lveringally 2 indian Pharmacopoeia (Fis an officialy “8 recogn.zee book of standards as perthe Pakistan Becomes First Country to Drugs ane Cosmetics Act 1940and Rules Launch New WHO approved 1945 thereunder Typhoid Vaccine Swedish King and Queen Pakistan nas became the frst country in Visited India the world to introduce a new typhoid vaccine on Novernber 15,2019. The King Gal XVIGuste lke Hubert and eee aoe enon ‘Queen Siva Renate Sommerlath ofCurrent Affairs 19) inmunaaievcnpagscon GGRRUSEIETENTS wesgentarceneecaces GRCKET provided by Gavi the Vaccine Alliance, Diplomat Cup lo the Pakstanigovernment free of cost, The tear of the Indian Consulate has BRICS Summit 2019 Held Consulate to lift the Diplomat Cup Cricket 2019 with the shemne BRICS: Economic This isthe third successive year that India ‘Growth for an Innovative Future won the Diplomat Cup Championship. AILGRICS leaders namely Brazilan The fst tournament was wan by President Jar Bolsonaro, Incian Prime Bangladesh in January 2017, inter Nar Med es ge ne West Indes 0 Series Vac Pate eoaiaieen Inds best West nde 6 wickets twin ree ei maraohetechccnsedathetireesmaich ODLsenesly 2 at ee ee eee Se? grata Stcium Cuttack Oar, Ron Cees oOrlbalocwemere, Sharma was named Man ofthe Sees India-West indies Women's 120 Series Sri Lanka Call Match Fixing a Crime. The India women’s cricket team played SiLanka has become fst South Ay yh yest Ines women’s eke eam swiontooirateseeroteecs fon hotenbe 30218 related to match-fixing on ves Indian women's cricket team defeated Nevers 12,2018 The move cores he West indes ha veratch 20 bilveredto t beled as Prevention Sees by wing thes and Bs 20 fofences Reseda Spons Fa Tae BY 6 ns atthe roudence person is found guilty of committing Stam in Georgetown, Guyana, tnofence, then he ay nd nimsel’ India and Bangladesh T20 Series jailed fora term up to 10 years and will India defeated Bangladesh by 30 runs in also be required to pay otherfines. the thie and final 1291 to win 3-match NASA Unveiled its First Electric ser#e821 in Nagpur on November 10, Plane 2019, Deepak Cnahar won the man of NASA hes launchee!an earyversionof the Match and Man ofthe Series awards, is frst alelactc espenmental India-West Indies Women’s aircraft the X57 Maxwellon ODI Series Noverbe: 92018. Adaoted fiom an Indian Women Cicke eam won the three tsllar-maceTeenam #20067 rratch sees 21 agar WestIndies oy ‘twin-engine propeller plane, the X-57___yyickets in the 3rd and final ODI match in has bean under develapment.ince Nth Sound Arges 2815-The Manvel wl be the gency’ fst crewed Xplane tobe evelopedin two decades, ‘Smiti Mandrana was named the Player lof the Match, while Stafanie Taylor was, named Player ofthe Series20 TENNIS Hobart International 2020 27th edition Hobart International Tennis Tournament took place at the Hobart International Tennis Centre in Hobart Australia from January 13-18, 2020. Indian Tennis Player Sania Miza and her Ukrainian partner Nadia Kichenok have won the 2020 women’s doubles title The 2020 Hobart International was 3 ‘women's terms tournament payee on outdoor hard courts Qatar Open 2020 ‘The 28th edition of the Qatar Open 2020 (men's tennis tournament) was took place at the Khalifa International Tennis and Squash Complex in Doha, (Qatar from january 6-11, 2020, Russia's Andrey Rubley won the singles ttle ater defeating Corentin Moutet of France in the final Brisbane International 2020 The 12th edition Brisbane Intemational renns tourrament 2020 ‘was took place at the Queensland Tennis Centre in Tennyson from Janary 6-12, 2020. Karolina Pitkové of Czech Republic ‘won the singles tite after defeating ‘Madison Keys (USA) inthe fina ATP Cup 2020 Novak Djokovic (Serbia) has defeated Rafael Nadal (Spain) to make Seroia the champion of ATP Cup 2020 rele at Ken Rosewall Arena in Sydney, ‘Austral from January 3-12, 2020. The 2020 ATP Cup was the fist ition of the ATP Cup, an interational outdoor Nard court men's tennis tourramens, Current Affai ITF World Champions 2019 International Tennis Federation (TF) honoured eleven players ty its annual aviards named as ITF World Champions 20191 Singles, Coubles, Wheelchair, and Juniors category an December 20,2019. Category Winner ‘Mans Snglos Rao! Nadal (Soa) Salen Kitna Macaroni Pras) Davis Cup Tie 2020 India defeated Pakistan in the tle match forthe nterational Tennis Federation's (17s) Daws cup 2020 was held in Nur Sultan, azakhstan from November 29-0, 2079 Jeevan Necunchechiyan and Leande- Paes won the match against Huzaa AbdulRehman ard Muhammad Shoaib 61,6: inthe only doubles match othe te between Inia and Paitan Davis Cup 2019 The Dovis cup nal was conducted from November 1@-24 2019 atthe Caja Magica in Madris Spain Spain's Raael Nadal clinched 6tn Davis Cup tile In men’s singles after beating Dens Shapovaloy of Canada Fed Cup 2019 The final of 57th edition of Fed Cup 2019 was held in Australia on November 10, 2019. Itis the most important tournament between national teams in women’s tennis, France defeated Australia with 3-2 In the finals ana won the Fee Cup 2018. HOCKEY National Ice Hockey Women’s Championship Ladakh lited the 7th National ce Hockey Championship Women trophy after defeating Delhi, atthe Karz00 Ice Hockey Rink n Ladakh on January 7, 2020,Current Affairs 21) ‘The tournament was organised by the Hockey Association of India (MAD in assoc ation with the Ladakh winter sports club SHOOTING 63rd National Championship National Rifle Assocation of nda (RAD & MP State Shooting BADMINTON Academy has organized 63rd Indonesia Masters 2020 Natal shooting Charpinstip ‘The 2020 Indonesia Masters badminton ‘ompetitions a ‘tournament was took place atthe tora: S7oetIng Academy Shoot S Ranges, Bhopal Madnya Pradesh Gelora Bung Karon Indonesia rom Janary 1419, 2020, fam December 7,2019- anny Category Manu Bhaker has bagged 4 gold Men's Singles medals {individual and team events in senior and junior inthe womens Warren's Sings 10 meter air psiol event. Tallin) ssaoter Zeena Khitta (Himachal ‘Malaysia Masters 2020 Pradesh) has won the gold medal ‘The 2020 Malaysia Masters badminton of the 10-meter air rfle event. tournament was took place atthe Axiata Saurabh Chaudhary (Uttar Prades ‘Avena in Malaysia from January 7-12, 2020. has won the gold medal in the Saegog Wiens men's 10 meter air pistol ever Category wi ‘War's Snals Korte Woriola apar)__—« YOUTH GAMES: ‘Worrens Singles Chen Yue (hina) Khelo india Youth Games 2020 EWE World Tour Finals 2019 ‘ne 31d edition of khelo India Youth Games (K1¥G) 2020 was held at Karmabir Navin Chandra Bordalo’ Indoor Stadium in Guwahati Assam from “he 2nd edition ofadcinton World Feairaton (@W) Word Tour Fnas 2019 (offcaly cron as tne HS2C- Hong Kora and Shanghal Banking Corporaton awe» Suvwahat ‘World Tour Finals 2018) took place et Tianhe 7278 10°22, 2020, | ‘Gymnasium in Guanazhous China from Maharashtra topped the medsl tally Gamrasuryn Guana veth total of 256 medals folowed 7 Sy Haryana ns Del CHESS Itwas organised by Misty for Hastings International Youth Afars and Spot & Ind’ P. Magesh Chandran won the ttlein conducted in parcrershi with he the 95th editon ofthe prestigious Hastings School Games Federation cf India Intemational Chess Congress at Hastings in (SSF, Inclan Obmpc Association England on January 6, 2020 (OA), andl Assam State He remained unbeaten and frished in clear Sever" ment fist place with 75 points rem nine games Tne second edition of Khelo India after securing 2 32-move draw n the final Youth Games was held in Pune round against capatiiot GA, Stary. Maharashtra in 2019; topoed by Manarashi-,22 AWARDS & HONOURS NATIONAL. Padma Awards 2020 ‘The Ministy of Hore Affair (MHA) has announced the names of 141 Padma ‘awardees for 2020 on January 25, 2029. ‘Out of 141 awardees, 7 personalities have been chosen for Padma Vibhushan, 16 personalities for Padma Bhushan and 118 personalities for Padma Shr. ‘Award Award aaa Googe Foran, Nun Jaiy, Vonushan Sushma Svara and Sa Vstvatnatestha Swamy Si Pejavara Anoka Matha LUdvol Posthumous), Se ‘Anefeod Jugraut, HO Mary ‘Ker and Chhannulal Nisha Padma Syed Muazzem Al, Neeiakania Bhushan Ramsuisnna Wachava Menon fand Marcher Pasar (Postrumous), M Mumtaz Al Neatar Hussain aig, Ay CChakeavory, Mano) Das, Balkrenna Dosh, sharia Jagannathan, SC Jami, Aa Prakash Josh, Di. Tsong. Landed, Anand Mninea, Prot Jagaish Sheth, PV Sincru and ‘Vena Sinan Padma Harish Chanara Vora Sti Vashtha Narayan Singh (Posthumous), Dr. Kushal Kerwar Sara, Kalyan Singh Rawat and amers Subhash Chandra Bose Aapda Prabandhan Puraskar 2020, Disaster Mitigation and Management Centre (OMMC), Uttarakhand and Kumar ‘Munnan Singh have been selected for the dnd Subhash Chandra Bose Aapda Pratiandhan Puraskar 2020 07 Janay 23, 2020 DMIMC was selected Under institution category’ while Shr Kumar Munnan Singh was selected Under individual categary'for their contributions in disaster management Current Affai Rashtriya Bal Puraskar 2020 President Rar Nath Kovind has conferred the Rashtriya Bal Puraskar 2020 to 49 children in the age group of 5-8 years ata ceremony at Rashtrapat! Bhawan on January 22,2020. 29th Saraswati Samman Prominent Sindhi iter Vasdev Mohi val be conferred with 29th Saraswati Samman for his short stores collection ‘Cheque book’ which talks about the miseries and sufferings of marginalized tions ofthe society BCCI Annual Awards 2018-19 ‘The Boare of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI has presented its Annual Awards in25 diferent categories for the 2018-1 seasons in Mural Maharashtra to honor all tne legendary ccicketers on January 12,2020 Jasprit Sumrah receives the prestigious Polly Umrigar Award for being the Best Intemational cricketer for 2018-19, Poonam Yadav has been adjudged the best international cricketer among the ‘Muppavarapu Venkaiah Naidu National Awards Agricultural Scientist MS Swaminathan and secial werker Dr. Gutta Muniratnam ere respectively chosen as the fst recipients of Muppavaraou Venkaiah [aig National Award for Excellence’ and ‘Muppavarapu National Awatd for Social Service’ on January 9, 2020, {66th National Film Awards Vice President Venkaiah Naidu has conferred the 66th National Fim ‘Awards forthe year 2018 in 31 categories in New Delhi on December 23,2019,Current Affairs 23) “Sage ward ont oF ich sae coectins of poems aes _ wrt chang Khondo anys ath Siete) faiyoe“Cnartna kaye ane songs (Andnaghun’) 28th Bihari Puraskar Rajasthan based noted writer Manisha BeetAcess Koay Sureoh Kulshreshta has been anordec te 28th lista) —_ thant Purasia for 2018 forher nove Bet Dresor Ada ras(Ur: The swapnapash on November 23,2019. Shes know or er ors te She, Sar Leds Shabani and Pancrlanye! award ramed ater fomeu Hid poet ‘Besiind nove ‘Actwonn hata presented by che eka Dada Saheb Phake Award Feuncaton toutes fash! ‘Amitabh Bachchan has received the 50th 2!” Dadasheo Make Avard 2019, Indra Gandhi Award for gest fim honour Present fam National ntegraos Nath eovndon December 28,2018 6 vashonoued orn outtonde conan forthe gh ond Sevlopment often chew! ‘Andhacrun Noted environmentalist and social activiss Chandi Prasad anatt willbe awarded the Indra Ganchi award for ational integration forthe years 2017 Sahitya Akademi Award 2019 and 2018, He has earker been awarded The Sahitya Akademi arnouncedits the Ramon Magsaysay Award in 1962 anal terry awards for 2019 for works 2nd Padma Bhushan in 2005, in23nngwages on Dscemoe 16.2018 J¢B Pie for Literature 2019 washi Tharoor won the Sahitya US based/-indian author Madhuri Vijay's ‘Aradem Award 2019 hs BOOK AN E'®_deoux novel, The Fa Fels bagged 2019 ‘of Darkres:The Brith Empite nIndia, Sy onze for erature on November 2, Gangadhar National Award 2019. The Far Feld isan impressively Hindi Poet Viswanath Tiwari from Uttar ambitious novel of stunning emotional Pradesh to be honoured with and psychological acuity. ‘Gangachar National Award during the 531c Foundation Day celebrations of INTERNATIONAL the Sambalpur University. He was the Tyler Prize 2020 former President ofthe Sahitya Esteemed environmental economist and ‘Akademi besween 2013-2014 and has UN Environment Programme (UNEP) authored several anthologies Goodwill Ambassador Pavan Sukncey hhas wen 2020 Tyler Prize for 55th Jnanpith Award Environmental Achievement on Malayalam poet Akktham Achuthan january 27,2020 Namboodi has been chosen for the 5th Jnanpith award for is 62nd Grammy Awards ‘outstanding contribution to the The 62nd Annual Grammy Awards Malayalam Iterature on Novernter 28, ceremany was held atthe Staples Center 2019, Akktham has authored 55 books in Los Angeles on January 26, 2020.24 ‘The event was hosted by American musician, singer and composer Alicia Keys and she awards were presented in 84 categores LUzzo received the most nominations of any artist with eight, followed by Bille Elish and Lil Nas X with sixeach, Bille Eilsh, the 18-year-old singer won five awards, includ'ng song of the year, best pop vocal album, album of the yar, record ofthe year and best new aris Former United States(US} ist lady Michelle Obama was honoured with the best spoken word album ofthe year ‘award for the book Becoming, Icc Awards 2019 ‘The Intemational Cricket Council (ICC) has announced on January 15,2020 the IeCawards 2019 fr cecognising and honoring the perfarmance o player between January 1, 2019and December 31,2019, ‘award “Player ofthe Year Ben Siokes (Eralarah Test Orcketr ofthe Pat Curnmins Year (aus) “DDIGickate ofthe Reh Sharma (nda) “Emerging Cricketer of Manus Labuschagne | re (ausats) Spit ot Grcket rat Kot oa) Board “ool Periormance of Doepak Chahar the Year (ia) 77th Golden Globe Awards ‘The 77th annual Galden Globe Awards ‘ceremony was held at The Beverly Hikon Hotel in Beverly Hils, California ‘on January 5,020, Hollywood star Joaquin Phoenix won the Golden Globes forthe Best Actor ina mation picture-drama fr his performance in Joker. Current Affai Renee Zelhveger won the Best Actress in a drama category for his performance in ducy. ‘Sam Mendes won the Best Director award for 1917, Miss World 2019 Toni-Ann Singh (23) of Jamaica was crowed as Miss World 2019 at 8th Miss World compet tion 2019 in London, United Kingdom (UK) on December 15, 2018. She was crowned Miss World tile By Miss World 2018-Vanessa Pance af Mesica, Miss Universe 2019 ZozibiniTunzi of South Africa was Crowned Miss Universe 2019 at the Miss Universe pageant at Atlanta the United States on December 9, 2019, The two runners-up for the crown were Miss ‘Madison Anderson (Puerta Rico) and Miss Soffa Aragon {Mexico}. Miss Universe 2018 Catriona Gray of the Philippines presented the crown, International Children’s Peace Prize 2019 Divina Malour (14) from Cameroon and Greta Thunberg (16) from Sweden noth received the Intemational Children's Peace Prize 2019 in The Hague, Netherlands on November 21,2018. activist Greta Thunberg has been awsarced for her workin the struggle against imate change. Divina received the pie for her peaceful fight against textemist violence and raccalzation, Indira Gandhi Prize 2019 Indita Gandhi Memorial Trust announced on November 19, 2018 that the Indira Gandhi Prize for Peace, Disarmament and Develooment for 2019 willbe conferred on renowned paturalist and broadcaster Sir Davie Attenborough,Current Affairs 25) He nas been awarded to preserve and protect the biodiversity of our planet, ‘The prize carias a cash award of 25 milion Indian rupees and a citation eat Ed NATIONAL. Deepika Padukone Deepika Padukone was honoured with the annual Crystal Award at World Economic Forum (WEF) 2020 in Davos, Switzerland on January 21,2020. She has been honoured for her contribution in spreacing awareness around mental health JP Nada Jagat Prakash Nadda was elected unopposed as the national president of ‘the Bharatiya Janata Party o> Jarwary 20, 2020. He replaced Amit Shah whos currently serving as Union Home Minister in the Narendra Mod) Cabinet. halla Sreenivasulu Setty The government has appointed Challa SreenivasulSetty as the Managing Director (MD) ofthe State Bank of India (SB) fo a period of 3 years on January 20, 2020. He is presently serving in the SEl as Deputy Managing Director. Agjun Munda Union Minister of Tribal Affairs Arjan Munda has been elected as Presicent of the suspended Archery ASsocation of India (AA) on January 18, 2020. He got the support ftom former Aal President ‘jay Kumar Malnotsa and defeated BVP Rao by a marsin of 34-18 votes, ‘Michael Debabrata Patra ‘The government has appointed Michael Debabrata Para as the fourth Deputy ‘Governor ofthe Reserve Bank of India (RBI on January 14,2020. He has replaced Viral Acharya, who had resigned from the post in June last year. ‘Anand Prakash Maheshwari Senior IPS officer AP Maheshwari has appointed as the Director General of Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) on January 13,2020, He is 1984-batch Litar Pradesh cadre BPS officer who willbe in the post tll February 28, 2071, the date of his superannuation, Bipin Rawat, Indian Atmy chief General pin Rawat has been named Inca's frst Chief of Defence Staff on December 40, 20° The CDS willbe a fourstar general who will head the department of miltary affairs andl report to the defence ‘minister on warfare and defence strategy forall three Armed Forces, Vishwesha Tirtha Swami shvesha Teertha Swami, the head of Pejavara Mutt has passed avay at the age of 88 on December 28, 2078 He was known asthe ‘Rashvva Swami and a great social reformer, Sangita Reddy Dr. Sangita Reda, Joint Managing Director of Apollo Haspitals Group was appointed as the President of, Federation of Insian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCD for the year 2018.20 on December 23, 20° Harsh Vardhan Shringla ‘The Government of India has appointed the Senior Diplomat Harsh Vardhan Shringla asthe next Foreign Secretary of India on December 23, 2018. He will take charge on January 29, 2020 after replacing Vay Gokhale. He is 2 1984 batch IFS Officer and the current Indian Ambassador tothe United States.26 Ganga Prasad Vimal Eminent Hind author Ganga Prasad Viral has passed aay at the age af 80 in Sr Lanka on December 23,2019, He ‘ater worked as a Professor in mary colleges including Jawaharlal Nehru Universy, New Delhi from 1989 to 2004 Shriram Lagoo Eminent theatre and fn actor Dr. Sariram Lagoo has passed away at the age of 92 on December 17, 2019. He was well own for hs roles in plays lke Natsarnrat,Himalayachi Saal’ and fils Fee Pi, '€x Din Achanak, ‘Gharond, and ‘Lawars Cyrus Mistry The National Company Law Appellate ‘Tribunal (NCLAT) restored former Tata ‘group Chairman Cyrus Mistry as ‘executive chairman of Tata Group on December 18,2019, BB Kumar Braj Bihari Kumar, Chairman of the Indian Council of Social Science Research (ICSSR) has passed away at the age of 78 in News Delhi on December 8, 2a18, Girish Chandra Chaturvedi Girish Chanéta Chaturvedi has appointed as the Chairman of National Stack Exchange (NSE) on December 6, 2018. Lt. Shivangi Lieutenant Shivangi has eecome the first woman pilot of Ind an after joining the naval operations in Kochi on December 2,2019, She willbe fhing the Dornier surveillance arcrafs ofthe Indian Navy. Navy's Aviation branch earlier has had women officers operating as air wwaffc contrl oficers' and as ‘observers Current Affai Soma Roy Burman Soma Roy Burman took charge as the 24th Cantrller General of Accounts (CGA) in the Finance Ministry's Department of Expenditure on December 1,20°9, Jyoti Sharma eutenant Colonel Jyot Sharma has ‘been appointed as Indian Army/s fist female udge Advocate General officer to ‘be deployed on a foreign mission on November 14,2019, Virat Kohli Virat Kohlivas named as People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) Ingia’s Person ofthe Year for 20197 on Novernber 20, 2619. The Team India captain won the avard for his animal acvocacy efforts, TN Seshan Former Chef Election Commissioner TN Seshan has passed away atthe age of 87 on November 10,2019. He was the 10th Chief Flection Commissioner and had served form December 12, 1990, tl December 11, 1996, INTERNATIONAL, Gita Sabharwal Unlted Nations SectesaryeGeneral Antoni Guterres has apoainted Gita Sabharwal of Insiaas the United Nations Resident Coordinator in Thailand o January 30, 2020 Marjan Sarec Slovenia's Prime Minster Marjan Sate has announced his resignation to parllament ang called for early general elections on January 27,2020, His resignation was followed by the resignation ofthe Finance Minister Andre; Bertancel,Current Affairs 27) Haitham Bin Tariq Al-Said Manuel Marrero Cruz Haithar bin Tariq alSaid has been Tourism Minister Manuel Marrero Cruz sworn in as the new Sultan of Oman named as the Cuba's fist prime minister ‘on January 11,2020. He succeeded since 1976.on December 21,2019. The his cousin Qaboos bin Said who was post of prime minister was scrapped in the Sultan of Oman from July 1970 1976 by the then-revolutionary leader and) Uni his death Cuba’ last Prime Minister Fidel Casto. Sultan Qaboos bin Said Al Said Sethuraman Panchanathan ‘Oman leader, Sultan Qaboos bin Said US President Donald Trump has elected Al Said has passed away at the age of Indian-American computer scientist 79.0n January 10,2020. He was Sethuraman Panchanathan as director of succeeded by hs cousin and man’s the National Science Foundation on ‘culture minister Haitnam bin Tariq. December 20,2019, Zoran Zaev Danny Aeillo Prime Minister of North Macedonia Hollywood actor Danny Aiello has passed Zoran Zaev sulmtted his resignation away at the age of 86 on December 12, To the pardament on January 2,2020 2018. He was known for his roles in the After his resignation, North ‘movies Do The Right Thing! and The Macedonia’ parlament has Godfather Par i approved a new caretaker Abdelmadjid jelmadjid Tebboune ‘government headed by Oliver . . Seow Abdelmagjid Tebboune, former Prime Minister of Algeria was elected as the Hillary Clinton President of Algeria on December 13,2018 Former US secretary of sate Hillary He took over the gover fram former Rodham Clinton has been appointed President Abdelazi2 Zouteflka ane former asthe fist female Chancellor of UK's Acting Head of State Abdelkader Bensalah ‘Queen's University on January 2, 2020 She isthe University's 11th Chancellor and will serve the post for ‘a period of five years with effect from January 1, 2020, She succeeded Tor Moran, who died last year Ashraf Ghani [Afghan President Asaf Ghani won another five-year term in office, according to preliminary results the ‘election commission announced on December 22,2018 He secured 50.6% ofthe vote ‘compared with 38.528 for Abdullah ‘Abdullah in the Septernber poll Greta Thunberg ‘Swedish clate activist Greta Thunlberg has bbeen named Time magazine's Person of the Yeat for 2019 on December 11,2019. At 16, she is the youngest person to earn the title inthe magazine's 97-year history Sundar Pichal Sundar Pichi, the current CEO of Google has been named as the new Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Alphabet on December 4, 2019, He takes over after chief executive officer Latry Page and president Sergey Brin stepped down; who co-founded Google in 199828 Bob Willis Bob Wills, the former England cricket ‘captain has passec away atthe age of 70 ‘on Dee, 4, 2019, He was well known for his memorable performance in the third Ashes test in 1981 against Australia, ‘Masatsugu Asakawa Masatsugu Asakawa was elected as the 10th President of the ADB by its Board of Governors on Decericer2,2019. He is ‘curently Special Advisor to Japan's Prime Minister and Minister of Finance and wil assume office on January 17,2020, Gotabaya Rajapaksa Lx Colonel Gotabaya Rajapaksa was sworn in as the SriLankan President on November 18, 2019, He wil succeed President Maithrpala Sirisena for five-year zerm. Jeanine Anez Jeanine Ane2 declared hersel* interim President of Bolivia after the resignation of the government of vo Morales on November 13,2019. Sne declared herself President without having a quorum in the Parlament Evo Morales Bolivian President Evo Morales has resigned on November 10, 2018. He served as the President of Bolivia from 2006 10 2019, The Vice-President, Abaro ‘Garcia Linera and Senate President Adriana Salvaiera, aso resigned Pravind Jugnauth Pravind Kumar Jugrauth elected as Prime Minister of Mauritius for second term on Novernber 8, 2019. Militant Socialist Movement (MSM) won 28 of the 62 seats up for grabs while its rivals, the Labour Party and the Mauritian Militant Movement (MMI), gamered 14 and 8 seats respectively Current Affairs Sr Book Author Felons ‘Yashant Sone Hunan Digniy =A —Rehwani Kumar purpose in perpetuty “Tne Gateway A Social Hariharan Conmeniay on Sally of Balagonal Son crane “ne Renaiesance _—‘Muppavorapa Maree Mary Facets of Harshavardhar avn daily and Deepa Verna ‘Dreams ofa Bion: ha Bora Maumdar anaihe Ohmmpe Games and Nain Metta Kumh, Garam Paned Dr, Anta ‘and Dai Bubul(Srdhi Bhatnagar Jan edton). “Tne Legacy ciMilianeyin indent Singh Pune Long oad'o Jajn and Dona Nomaly Sun ‘The VaultofVismnu Ashwin Sanghi “he Prd Par: How Raghuran Markets andne State Govind aan eave the Communty Boning Farge Simon James ‘Gaps-ranstorable Skis Aut Tautel Be ne bes! you can be ‘RV Kao Genthman Nin Anant Spymaster Goxnate Hemant Karkare-A i Kareare Daughiors Momor —_Navare ‘Suncatcher “The Unquil River =A Arupiyol Sania ‘logy athe Brarmapeta Kasten Chains Zatshi “The Panct Green Saree Nabanesia Sen The Fst Si The Lie Wkky Gursnder and Legacy of Guns Kar Sngh Nase ecicental age Kestava Gana ‘Savarar: Fohoes toma Visam Sampath Feigoten Pas. 1885-1924Current Affairs 29) ‘Piyush Goyal Ralnays; Commerce and President Ram Nath Kovind Inox Vice-President —-MVerkalah Naidu Dharmendra Pero and Natural Prime Minister Narendra Moci Prachen Gas; Stee Muatiar Abbas Miron Aifars Cabinet Ministers Nagi ‘Minster —~—~=CéPontoio”~=~*S*S*«S aioe Ales Minster Fett {oak Wines Fajpath Sngh Defence Sova Para Sgn _Deleree ___5 ahora Sil Develop and ‘Amit Shah Home Aare Nath Pandey’ _Erirepreneuship ‘ain Javan Road Traneport and ‘Gera Singn Arial Husbandy, Gastar Highways; Nevo, Smal fad Medium Enterpis Dv Sadanarda Darying and ise (Gajoncra Singh Jal Shakti Shoctanat Sowa ‘era Frais COBAIC ATS winsters of State Sitaaran independent charge) Toss Consumer Afar, Food Pawan’ SraPuntcOsrbuton Minter Porto arena Singh —Agrcutue andFarmersSanceh KLabou and Emgloyment tema ‘were Sanawar independent Chae) fal Develpmen: ao nr Sass ard Programme anchyat la Shot" implenentaton tnaepensent Taw Shantar Law nd susie ‘Charge ne Pring Prasad Conmureators tdoberdert Charge) Etpcvones and “Srrpac Nak Ayuveda, Yogaand —— Information Technology Sra ames apay ayeSe) Tarsat Kaur Food Processing ancerosopaty(AYUSH) indusron {naspercert Grp ‘Social Jusoe and Detence Emperor ‘Hone Oevtopent oor Ded asanar Elona Mars ««8nOn” Baste Region (ndependent ‘De Sahara Exteel Aare ‘Charge Pre Miners Ramesh Fura Resource ‘hice Personal Pubic Pavey eveopment ‘Grevarces ana Pensions, ‘Nisan Department of Atomic ‘ian Muna iba ars Exergy Department ‘Si Zibin rani Women and Cad —— Dorleprant Teties Kies Rjy You Alas and Spots Dena HeanandFamy {agenercert Chg Vouhon’ Weta, Souros ang Meany ars Terai rate Praha Srgh Cute (ndependert, Seren, Pact Grego tram Pratash Erviorment Frestand —_— pendent Charge) _ Javadekar Clmate Change; Raj Kumar Power (Independent Charge): tromation 8 Snot New ane Rerenaole Ene) Sroadasing Hey Undoperaers Charge Sl indies and PLbte Sowoprt ard Enlerrse EnroprenourshipGo Current Affairs Minister Portola ardeep Housing and Uban Aas Singh Pu dependent Charge); Cv ‘Avaton dndependent CCharos); Commerce an resus ansukh Shipping thdspondont Mancavys Chaps), Chemicals ara Fenizers Ministers of State Minister Prtaio Faggarsingh Stool alate ‘Ashwini Kumar Heath and Faris Wore Choubey ‘Sonora old) Road Transport ard ve sgn Hignways Brunfam —— Parlamertary Mar Megtwal Heavy Industios ana Putte enorpise ‘shan Pal Gur Socal Jusice and Empowerment Dane Raosahab Consume Aa, Fooe Dadarso and Pube Dstrouen G.Kishan Reddy Home Airs Parshottam —— Aavcultze and Farmors upate Wotre Ramaas Ahawal Social Jusice Empowerment ‘Sadhvi Nianjan— Rusal Development sot BaculSupiye Enwvonmert F {Shmate Chara ‘Sanjeev Kumar Animal Huscandiy, Daryg anc Fshores THRO: Commueation Eloctonies and Information Teeanology Finance, Corporate Aare ‘aegaal Suresh Ramays (Charnabasappa Nivarand Rai Hore Aas Rattan LalXsiara Jal Soa, Social. Juice SEmpowement cena Aas Parlamortary Ars Renuka Singh Toad tars Sand Va ca ‘Miia Sem Paresh Rameswar Teh Portole ‘Commerce and nus 08 Processing Irausties ‘ralap Chandra Micro, Smalland Wedium Serangh Kalash (Choudhary Enlorrisos; imal usoanchy, Oaityng nd shores ‘Agicubu and Farrer Were ‘Women ard OR Development Governors and Chief Ministers ‘Ghnstisgarh Goa Guarat Havana Hinaatar Praness Sharan Kerrataka Keele Madhya Prasesh Marsresira Manipur Meghalaya ‘Governor Chet Minister ‘Biswabhusan Jaganmchan Manchandan Bossy ‘BD Misha Pema Khana Phagy Nish Kumar Chauhan Arusuye ——Brupess key Baghel ‘Satya Pal Maik Pramod ‘Sawant ‘can Dev Viay Rupan rat ‘Sajadev _— Manoha’ Lal Narayan Ana Kota ‘Bandy Ja Rare Datarya Thakur ‘Brouoec Hervant Soren Mura Vajuoral® BS va ‘Yeoyurappa ‘at ivan Mobammec Kear ai Tandon Kamal ah Bhagat Singh Uashav Kestyan Thackoroy PB Actana — N.Bren Singh Tathagata Roy Covad SengmaCurrent Affairs 31) Governor Chiat Minster Lt Governor Chiet Administrator Minster Waoem PS Zoramnangs Shroedharan Pita \ouw aN iat Nepue {amnistato Nagatnd AN Raw’ Nepuo —__(Asmnisiatoy)__ a S _Puducheny Kran Bed! V.Narayana- Ocshe — Ganeshital mm sary Punjab _-VPSigh Chiefs of Armed Forces/ ___Bathore_Singh_ntelligence Agencies Rajasthan Kara Mina AShKGEL “Foregiagency Chief Swim Ganga Prasad Prom Singh “GhietofDetonce Goneral Bip avai omen Sat TamiiNaduBarwarisi EK Pabrisan Rr Foce ‘Ar Chief Marshal KS Paver Bradaut Telangana Tamisal Timy General Manoj Makan Soundararaian Chencrashek Navawane IO Nay ‘Admiral Karamiby Singh ipa -Rarash as Biplb DSS by paver Shela Uta ‘acanciben You “Wiegralod Li. General PS Rajeshwar Pradesn Paes Aatyanatn ——_utehes Stat Utareknend Baty Rani Tivendra ig “ain unae Mewya_SpghFawe! gg Samant Kray Good ‘West Bengal Jagdoep Mamata AR Dranktar _Baneiee ___ Important National Officials Administration of Union Territories Designation __Name_ Chie ustce finda ‘Sharad Avind Union Li. Governor’ Chit Bobae Terttory _Aéminisater__ Miis_ Ghaperson, National FL Dats ‘ndamen OX ost = Hur righs and Nicobar Gonmssion ‘snes Gharpurson, Canal POMoay ‘Changgath VP Singh = Board of Dect Taxes Secrore CGhatperson, University hirano Pa Dara and Pratl Patel = Granls Commission Sigh Nagar Havel (Administrator ‘Gharman, ean Space Sian K ‘Damanand PralulPalel —<——~—~—=#Resaaren Organisation Du (Bainter) CCharman,Atome Kamiah Vas Der ‘AnBayal ved Energy Commission Kerwal__Chaepersan.1sih_——RKSingh arma Gre = Fhanee Commission eesti Canara Frasoon eit sea, ‘are of im (Barina (Cetieaon (C8FC) Ladakh) Racha Kesha Charparsan, Canal Ala Karnal Mame ‘Board ot Sacondary (Bamistrat Educaton (C8SE)G2 Current Affairs Designation ‘Ghat Eecion Commissioner ‘Atrney Gen Solo General (Chaiman, Stat Selection Bra Ray Sharma Commission “Chaiman, Union Puble Avid Saar Name ‘Suni Aro Kk Veruponah Tushar Mehta Soruee Commision “Gover Reserve Bank Shakkanta Das otha Present, BOG! ‘Sau Garou Present, cian ‘Nanna Bara erste Associaton Heads of Nationalised Banks Bank “State Bark ofihdla Rapssh Kumar [Bank Baroda Bank of roa Bank of Maharshi Canara Sank ‘eta Bank oF sna Inalan Bank Indian Overseas Bane "Rurab National Bank HeadiChairmanihiO jeev Chacha ‘Alana Kumar as ‘AS Rajeov ingam Venkata Probar Pally Nohapata aaa Chandra Kamar Sekar ‘58 Malkayjuna Rao Bank $HoadiChaimaniMo ‘Punab and Sid 5. Harisariar Bart Union Banko? Rakvan Ra. Inia UcO Back FaulKumar Gost Important International Officials Designation Digntary ‘Secttary Gone United Antonio Guteves Nations Organisaton Presider, World Bank Davi Majpass IMD. ftematonal Katana Monetary Fund) Georgeva Director Goneral World Rater Azevedo Trade Organ Prosdort, UN General Tari Mohammad ‘assemaly (UNGA) Bande rector Genecal ‘Astey Reo unesco Tedies Adhanom Ghebreyesus iodo Goneral WEA Rate Gross Brooutve Decor, Herta H Fore UNICEE Secretary Gone igen Siok Invrpot Secretary General. Kire/ Nao ‘Armest cat Presiden, OC Thomas Bach President, FIFA Ga tanto ‘Shaman, GO —_—Shashank ManoharINDIAN HISTORY ANCIENT INDIA. PRE-HISTORIC PERIOD Palaeolithic Period «Homo saplens fist appeared towards the ‘end of this phase + In this period, man barely managed to ‘ther his food and ubssted on hunting. + Distinguished by the develo first stone tools made up of + Palaeolithic period is divided into three phases. They are 1. Lawer Palaeolithic 2. Middle Palacolithie 8. Upper Palaeolithic Mesolithic Period + Domestiation of animals (particularly, dogs) bogan and characteristic tools were tse, called as mlerolths + Bhimbetka in Madhya Pradesh, Is known for ancient caves depicting petites of birds, animals and humans Neolithic Period + Neolithic people knew about fire and ‘wheel + An important site of this age is Burzahom, which means ‘she place of bir Chalcolithic Period. + Use of Copper and Stone made tools + They practised agriculture, venerated Mother Goddess and worshipped the bull INDUS VALLEY CIVILISATION + Indus Valley Civilisation is one of the four eatles civilisations ofthe world, + According to radiocarbon dating, fnitation of Indus Valley Civilisation ‘an be dated around 2500-1750 BC. + Systematic town planning was based fon grid system: burnt bricks were used {to ‘eoniruet houses; well-managed Grainage system; forufied Citadel, highly urbanised; absence of iron smplements. + The Great Bath (Mohenjodato) was cused for religious bathing. There were changing voors alongside + Six granaries in a row were found in the Citadel at Harappe + The towns wore divided into 2 parts: the Upper Part or Citadel end the Lower Part, Warappans were ruled bya class of merchants, as no evidence of ‘weapons are found there + Indus people sowed seeds in November and reaped thelr harvest in Apri because of the danger of flood. + Produced wheat, barley. rai, peas, seasuim, rice and mustard + Indus people were dhe Grst to produce cotton, which the Greeks termed as Sindon (tive frm Sindh). + Animals known were oxen, shoep, buffaloes, goats, pas, elephants, dogs, cats, asses and camels+ Well-Knit external and inceral trade, Barter system was prevalent + Avery interesting feature ofthis civisation was that iron was nt known tthe people + The indus people used weights and measores in the multiple a 16. + Harappans looked on Earth as fertiity Gaiess and phallic (ingam) and yoné worship ‘was prevalent + Unleorn was the most worshipped animal. Mans trees (pipa), animals cbll, birds (dove, pigeon) and stones to were worshipped though no evidence af temple has been fond, + Dead bodies were placed in North-South orientation. + Tho Seal of Pashupati depicts elephant, tiger, dhinoceros and bull. Two deers appear atthe fet of Pashupat, + The Indus people boicved in ghosts and evil forces evident by their uso of amulets for protection against them. Fire altars are found at Lothal and Kalibangac, +The greatest artistic creation of the Harappan culture were the seals, made of wea arappan seript is pictographic and hasn't been deciphered yet + The script was wetten from right to left inthe Hirst line and lft to right in the second line, This se is called Boustrophedon, + Occupations practiced were spinning, weaving, boatmaking, goldsmiths, making pottery and seal-making. + The possible eases of the decline of the elvilistion may be invasion of the Aryans, recurtent floods, socal breakcup of Harappans and earthquakes, etc. + Boundaries North-Mandu O&K); South-Daimabad (Maharashtra); East. Alamgirpur ‘WestSuthagendor. Site DiscoveryFindingts) Harappa Sates en rv Raw in Wortgomey dnt of Fab (Paiva). wa ‘teases by Daya Ram Sahn in 1-23. he Indus Cation eae Ser ieae tne Hargpos Chlesion, Stone dancng Nava and Comet? Fave bees oune Ne. Monenjodare—_tusoa on wer naus in Lara dct ol Sind Pad, was orcad by {iiowndes Bene) AD Bannerin 1822.12 man baling ncbdee ha Gena ath he Goat ‘Granary the Coleg Buling ae ne Assn Hal The cane a ‘made o bronze ha es found ete. Pasrupat Wanedevabito Sta [Sal agnor ofowen coin, ee we honing, ‘Ghantudaro On ver rus. ascovered by NG Majumdar 1881. ndus ste wha {Sindh Patsar) lindo aronoiguines ol tase tat and eas a smallp!seagesting snicpat ‘lethal Guaray__Oscovered by SA Rao 1954), stuatedon ve Brag sas dive eat ae oer om a albangan covered by BB Lal 196) etustalon Geaggor ver a pughed alsa {fnoanng Black wooden rtow, seven resales; bones afearsl and widenes 3 pos Bangles (Pajathan) i baralenamslj-crouar gave ana rectangular gras DDholavia ‘was foune on rver Lun of Kash sit n Gujrat aecoverea by JP ssh (1987-68) nas aunque mer management any slob ‘Sided ni 3 pis ages arappan scription anda slaau. ‘Sunotada (Gv Dscovered by JP Josh n 1972; idence cf hxse foun, eval rave BE ost and ‘arawal arara) On rvr Saraswat. digcowred by RS Biehl (1975, evconce af Boh fe-Harsopan and Harappan cute, lcked syste" cranage system, soren 9008 aly ate. iakhigatl Manyara) Largost ds val stoGENERAL KNOWLEDGE nan ston e VEDIC PERIOD Rig Vedic Period (1500-1000 BC) * Vedic. cWiiation started with che migration of Aryan people in. Notth- Western part of India, + The Aryans were semi-nomadie pastoral ‘people and originally believed to have lived Somewhere in the Steppes, suetching from Southeen Russia Central Ask + The whole region in which the Aryans ‘wore iret settled in India was called the Land of 7 Rivers or Sapta Sindhawa (Ge Indus and its five onbutaries and the Saraswat). + The Dasrajan War Battle of 19 kings against Sudas (Bharata king of Tats) fon the bank of river Parushni. Sidas ‘emerged victorious Political Organisation +1 was mainly a teal system of government in which dhe military Element was strong + The was known as Jana and its king as Rajan. + Although king's post was hereditary, we have also some traces of election by the teal assembly called Samiti + Other tribal assemblies that were mentioned in Rigveda were. Sabha, Vidatha and Gana + Villages wore headed by Gramant + In day-to-day administration, the King was assisted bythe Purohita (most Important), Sena end Gramani, Society People were loyal tothe tbe, called Jana (mentioned 275 umes in the Rigveda) as Lingdomterrory was not yet established ‘Women enjoyed feedom and respect. Religion + Worshipped Nature, Indra (also called Purandaracbeeake of ots) was the most Important any. + Soma was considered to be the God of pant. + People worshipped the divinities mainly for Praja. (children), Pashu (cat), fod, Healy and weaith, No temple of idol worship was noted Economy: No regular revenue system, kingdom stained by voluntary tsbute called bal sand booty won in bates. ‘Anan main occupation was nly patra Agriculture was a secondary ccupation. + Cow was a standard unit of exchange. Gold coins-Nishka, Kushnal and Samana + The staple erop was Yava (barley). orm Meaning Dasyut Original ehabiant on ‘Ayes Copparovorze Klasoe large act ana Grain Pea of he willage {auth Fohuing hordes. Soareh Tor cowalar freon, River [Name in Rigveda Te ‘Sindhu ura rus shot ‘hens Rave Later Vedic Period (1000-500 BC) In this period, Anns expanded from, Punjab over the stole of Western Uttar Pradesh covered by the Gangs-Yamina Drab. Political Organisation + King. amrat) became more powerfil and tribal authority tended to' become {erstrial + King’s postion strengthened by rituals Ike Ashwamedha wl Vajapeya Yajnas, Society + Society was clearly divided into four vamas—Brabmana,_ Khatri, Valshya nd. Shudra. Postion of women deteriorated. The Institution of Gotea {Gescent from common "ancestors) Sppeared for the fs timeEconomy + Beginning of own and sete ie + agicultre was the main ivelibood, + Wheat and ie (aed vi in Tater Vee texts) became the staple op. + New occupation ike those of irons, Coppersmith and jewel work emerged Weaving were reserved for women Religion + Prajapati became the supreme. God flowed by Rudra (nina Go) and Lord Vishnu (preserver and protector” af perl). + dolatry began in this period + Poshana, who looked after the cates was ‘Godot Shudras + Succes, rather than prayers, became more important Vedic Literature ‘The Vedas «Rigveda The oldest Indo-European language text is 4 collection of hymns. Contains “1028 “hymns divided into TO mandala, The 10th Mandala contains Purushasukta hymn tha! explain about four varmas, whereas Sed) Mandala contains Gayattl_-mamta, which was ‘conmpiled in the prase of Sun Goa + Samaveda Collection of melodies, contains Dinrupad aga. Iisa book of chants + Yajurveda Contains hymns and situa stcrices, + Atharvaveda Charms and spells to weardcofl els and diseases, ‘The Brahmanas + They explain the hymns of Vedas. Conta rtaliste formulae and explain the soi dnd religious. meaning. of rituals. Each ‘Veda has several Brahmans atached Rigveda Konshtaki and Aitareye Yojureda: Tatty and Satapaiha Samaveda: Pancoish and Jemineya ‘Athareaveda: Gopatha ‘The Aranyakas ‘The word Aranya means the forest, These tents were called Aranyakas, because they ‘were yeriten mainly for the hermits and stadents ving in the jungle ‘The Upanishadas + Piloephical ele emphasing value of ght bebe and knowledge, clang Muavacritces; and 108 in number Brihadaranyeka is the olden ‘panied + Als known as "Yedanta Smritis Explains ulesand regulations in Vedi fe ‘These are Manusenet (dhe fsa boo) [Naradasmri,-Yanavalkyae smn and Parasharasmti Vedangas “These are Limbs of Vedas and are six sm mumiver 1 shksha (Pronunciation) + Kalpa GRiuals + Walaran (Grammar) = Nikrukta Etymology) + Chanda Mtetncs) Jyotish (Astin) Puranas Deals with world creation, the geneclogies of Gods and Rishis andthe Royal dares ‘There are 18 famos Puranas” The Matsa Purana’ the oldest puranie tex Darshana “There ae six schools of Indian philosophy called Shada-darshans, These are yaya Dershana Gavin Nalsesta Deshana Kanada Rishi Sneiya Darenana Kapa ‘oge Dershons Patayt Pune Mavansa iomn Utara Menara Bad or asa Upavedas ‘There are four Upavedas LUpaveda—_Dealswith Upaveda of nanan Gana Shloavoda yulveda——Vesisne—— Bgveda Epies Mahabharata by Vyasa, also called Jaya Saminita and Sitaahasri Samhita has 100000. verses and” are older than Ramayana, wniten by Valmiki, and has ‘20000 versesGENERAL KNOWLEDGE nan ston °e + Mother Tishala—sister of Lichchhavt Chief Chetaks, married to Yashoda Mahasrapads (caters) Caoral(S) _ ang’ yada daughter named Sep soe Keo Tas Fryadarehin, whose husband Jamal i became his Bret dicipl” Mahara (oon thaxpod Cara Ce ee RS ‘Mather nha StatnedKalvlya in) ouside the Mapes Paras Goya Gina Fagin tm cise ache age of #2 Saree Gen natin Le See Pavapart —______Fatipata Ashoka). Five Doctrines of Jainism “Koshi oranas csr, JF) Varomas\_____ "4. bo not commit violence (Ahimsa) aj (aisha sire, UP) vais 2. Donat steal (Asteya) Mala (Goaho! Vishal KusinagivaandPava 3 Donot acgquize property (Apazigraha) dave UF}_______¢ Do not speak lie (Satya) ‘Gheci (River Kan ‘Sethivat-nagar or 5, Observe continence (Brahmacharya) Mace a Yerera ——Romharsy ——° Toran of Jeni ate ts ve Yara Inowiedge, “ight fa ard seen cont esa asian UP) Sagara * ins says salvation 8 possible only Secye'Gasen "by abandoning all possessions, 9 Jong Tou Gugevarone—Posineper and «courte of fasting, sell moruication, a BEA ion sansa Study and medtatin. archala(Gargaarune Anchats and» Jans recognised existence of God, doa Roktand) "Kara _" bac fower than Jina I dit condemn Maye cages | Waratah ara syne unite Badin, + Jainlem could not delink cleanly from renwa tos ‘leary ng Ot Bex Paranin omen, Jn monastic establishments “Avanti (Malw: Ujan (Northen were called basadis. Te pamnaed oy seca en al Pal! eyrememrnte Ste de | ln = Ghantocy, Ma eg Sinton i the South JAINISM AND BUDDHISM. jainism nas divided into tro sects “eameintoexstence around 6o0 uC after” illbhi” Covel, namely {Themaincausestehgte ation against S¥etambaras (wearing white dresses) hmiaton of Brohonas and spread of Wher Stl hada and Dgambaras Stwculural economy in he Nohfast Guth under Badraa, a «Jana texs were written in Prakrit Jainism iinguage. ‘unded by Rishabadova (Emblem : Ball) tn Ayedhye Councils «There were 24 thanharas (gat teaches), | Fig! Gouned cd 6] At Ptalpura the 2d being Partvanatha snd the 2h | Grane Svoehade pualsur) dasa being the Vandhamana Mabavira.- Canens coma + Mahavira was bom in 540 BC | second Counell At Vallobi (AD St Kundagram near Vishal, Cen UncerKshamasramana (alah + Father Siddhartha of Jantrka Kshatriya | 12 gas and 12 Upangas wor campldin lan. ‘rah Magadh language,Buddhism + Patn and misery can be ended by killing of controling desi Founded by Gautama Budde, also known + Desire can be controlled by following the as "Siddhartha or Sakyamuni or * Pese.can bs Tarhagata + Born in 563 BC in Lumbini in Nepal in The Eigh-Fold Path Shakya Kshatriya Clan. 1. Right Understanding 5. Fight tons + His father Suddhodana was a Shakya Rig Though 6.Righ Speech ruler and his mother Mahamaya of 9. Right Action 7a Mrotulness Kosatan dynasty ded early Brought up Fight Liwelmood & Fight Corcersaten step mother Gautam, + Mero and faa son Madhya Manga The Mile Path) Rahul Man should aol bth ext, if of a sano 4 pa st song on en oN wes. Pen Rul Jo WHO FEpLEUDIDD ese WHEN SUI URUOP uN NORE INEIY Wo fdove9 0 SOUOHDIE 'se09 maipo erso9 wnsng w gey2 WboH ‘sefereuweiseg o sede iene] ruseug Yepuy‘pooMesDy IMues __sronbosp wim pam Users ‘doy pue 6 coe une mbes Sm NC OH sejoads ievodu mH sessuonuey —,vootions usraneon Seon AG R20 soe Keown ore Seon, un Yeeros osroc2 = ree M85 9.04.GENERAL KNOWLEDGE Geography Tanyas e609 ys0) 0 sueqiopns pe npeN, we e-30 10 SU0S) see tee Assy eho “nope pu uunssuBeu unpos seuss Ss Aen uteny cue fey aru a eaherid a 8 Nu wry 2g snury pus uos UYoRs pUEUNE enon 2 vosag ‘yo pun wean sacar aay ‘e0L, ayer sista ps sep ep Tm ‘espe pus eveatens ‘ot ‘sou issu, Uf eaeo a "UsRed pUE Uoe YOKE fu] "eseY veg fo sued pay ean’ 9eqo seo! oueve6 Jit (hes sy) 908 20) me 38 ‘7 pue uopoa ‘ouesm6a ony pusweue put (one a oy Be oe Jo Keven 2015 eon going een ‘nap 80045 (eovauno99) ouno, asauM Sais seatGENERAL KNOWLEDGE Geography uss ‘ehupey 0 sued wiysoy pe use ou eves “senso lung 0 sued seosoy oye ssoi04 0G w99y "9009 CO i : “sone e104 ‘oaueg Tes Yeo) WOVUSL OL + + eiyouy pu enyseisyoy jo subd 26re7 + snonproeq fag yordout 28010} .epu 9402 sno : bey eh Pe sooupaes Wrst, sos ny EOL TS : {sto ards, ‘STEWS BY UPON * peo. pur ‘Sue noae “iepey peony oveoy © stoinesodual "Sh oon ‘xoL < Apu : ‘geosoy enue KUECOWEA 0 wo one up uiieoya fo sedoys Aue neuen eden seeds SousuEIOBIEYD ——_ SUONpUaD HELA womnauisiG ‘adi is210y°o GENERAL KNOWLEDGE- Geosraphy CLIMATE Monsoon ‘Ane of wind system, n whch theres almost ompet evra previ ind dtection ‘Types 1 South West Monsoon une and July 2. NorthEast Monsoon (Sep. o Dec) Tyee. Area Tropial Pah Waster Ghao, Weel Coastal Pa Forests Parts o! Assam Tropical Savana Most ol Perini region except Ginaie Kowara doo! West Gras) Tropes! Fanshaaow be Seasons of India © Winter Season Mid December to ‘Mid March + Summer Season Mid March to May + Rainy Season June to September + Season of Retreating Monsoon October to Mid Decer Characteristic os Hah ampere ovghou a et fonovembar | Diy wntrs, seal fl varies Fem Tusang Souhward Low eva vars rom Semana. Steppe om CanvalNaharsteat Tar S8em‘o 80 on an tmpsraire tom imate Na rove. Tropical and Punjab Harara and Kachenh region Tevpaatve varies om 12-35. Suberopest Stenoes “Trpca Bese Wasiam pats of Barmor, Jaksatner —Scany rail (nosy orm oF aba ha Saher devote of ganna pars Kaci nd burs, gh omer, ia winters and extremal hot Mountain Cirale Moararess in baww DGD m — Raval wares Fon EIS OTS ‘Ham Sub: South of Himalayas tpi! Cima wn avant orm) AGRICULTURE India. is essentially an agricultural land ‘wosthirds of its population stil lives on agriculture, It ineluder farming, animal rearing and fishing Agricultural Seasons in India ‘There are three major crop seasons in ua Kharif. Sown in Juneijuly harvested in September/October, eg, rice, jowar, baja, rah, maize, cotton andj. Rabi Sown in Oetober/Decembes, harvested in Apa/May e.g, wheat, barley, peas, apesced, mustard, grat. Zaid Sown in FebruaryMarch harvested in Mayllune, eg. urad, mong, melons Green Revolution Te is the phrase generally used to describe the spectacular increase that took place “during 1968 and i fomtinting in. the production of foordrains in Tria ‘The components of Gren Revolution are High Yield Variety Seeds, Irrigation, Use of Fertilisers, Use of Insecticide and" Pesticide, | Command. Atea Development, Programme Consolidation of Holdings eeGENERAL KNOWLEDGE Geography e ype Name Major Pocucers het ‘ta Praean Pua ana Waa Pacesy fee Wet Bengal ana Utar rads Sian Noch Preah an aa Batey Navarra iar Madsh end Rasa Bars Pathan, Goat Tash Crops Spore tar Pash ane Maar oy Ua ragesh ana Himachal rash GTSeees Coe ea aed rsa tiseed Rajrnan, Mechys Paces an Haryana root drt, Ane Praosh ard arog Rape send and mutied_ Raja, Maya racer and Haryana Serare (far Pradesh ane Pathan Siow roa, andre rade ond Meat Te Cae Coton Wonararta and Gat ste test Seng ang Bar xe esr and eral fem Naja ads ard ter Pradesh Tonatars cater Tera and Ker futber rae and Kanata Py ‘cam andra bacco Ctra Wanaros an Mactya Pradesh 39 Pepper eal, aratke ana Tara Cashews rah, rt Nags and ana adest Sioa eat end ua Paden uote haa ads an Oa MINERAL RESOURCES ‘Types of Minerals ‘Metallle Iron ore, copper, aluminium, tn, lead, gold and ser ‘Non-metallic Coal, mica, manganese, peteoleum and sulphur ‘Radioactive Uranium and thorium Gondwana rocks (Chhotanagpor Plateau) are the richest mineral deposits in India Mineral eal Stat ‘Coal Wet Bengal arena, Oana, Maohya Pradan and Chhatigarh Machya Pracesh, Rajat, Jrarhand, Kerataka ‘ols ‘Cooper West Bengal ‘Bavile_Oena. narinand, Gyarat anc Marys Pradeeh Misa “Peveloum Assam, Gujrat, Mumbai igh assan (Sou of Numba High) “Thorium Kerala Coast, Roce of ravab naan ‘iver, Ze and La Damono GENERAL KNOWLEDGE- Geosraphy TRANSPORTATION IN INDIA Railways + Indan Rally syste the socondagest ina soa te uss psn od «The lps aay lator oa Ie hv Gorakhpur iia stich of around "km aiway Zone Headquarters Cera’ ‘umes (C57) Eas Koka ‘Neth-asam ———Gorsippur [Nest Fonfar —Maligaon. Sanaa chen Secunderabad Kabat fm ‘umes Cnachaate ‘Fax! Casal Bhubaneshwar ast Carta Hapa Noth Cental Alahabad Soutntestrn ‘ist Cena babar ‘South: Fas! Cava —Bespur otal ewe Koeata ‘South Coast RaivayVsavhapairary ©The first train ran in India between Bombay and Thane, a sueich of 34 km on 16th Apri, 1853, + The second train ran between Howrah and Hooghly in 1854 +The first electric train in Indie was Decean Queen, It was introduced in 1928) between Bombay and Poona. «The longest train route is "Vivek Express? from Dibrugarh in Assam to Kanyakumart in Tamil Nad, It covers a stance of {1273 km (2855 mils). + The first Metro train was introduced in Kolkata (West Bengal) on 24th Oetober, 1984. The two stations connected were Dumdusn and Belgas + In 1990, Konkan Railway has been started ‘between Goa, Maharashtra and Karnak + Delhi metzo rail was started sm 2002 on 25th December between Shabiea and Tees Hazan, + Rapid metro taln has been started in Gurgaon (Haryana) on 14th November 2018 Vande Bharat Express also known as ‘rain 18, isan Indian sem-high speed efectsc (inda'sfates ain) tain made by Integral Coach ‘Factory Chennal, Under make in Tidia Progsarame, + Eastern Peripheral Expressway or KunalisGhaviabad-Pawal Express is 2 Gslaneexpressiay passing through the States of Haryana and Usar pradesh + India's longest. greenfield 6 lane expressway, named as AgracLucknow fexpressay hae been inaugurated in Udar Pradesh Road Transport Trulia has one of the largest road reworks in the world (48 lakh kam Approx). It consists of National highways, State highways; majrfother district roads and rural roads, + NHL (8745 ken) isthe longest highway of nda (Srinagar to Kanyakumari NIV 548 and NIT 118 are the shortest National Highways each with the length of 5k. +The North-South and East-West + the Indi Coreidor (NS-EW) “isthe. largest, ongoing expressway project in India. It 's the second phase of the Navonal ighnays Development Project (NH?) and volver ling 7200 em of six lane expressway connecting Srinagar Kenyans Potandar and NS-EW Corridor intersect Jhansl. Railways operate in three diferent gauges Le. Broad. Gauge {distance between rails is 1.676), ‘Mere Gauge (distance between rails is 1.00m)" and Narrow Gauige (distance between tals 0.762 07 0810m) + Maharashtra has the maximum length surfaced roads in Tria The Golden Guadtlateral pojec onects the four metapelian cities of Deth, Murosi, Cheni and Kola overing atta stance of 5852 ets tho fst phase of tho Natanal Highways Developmen: Projet INHDP