Psi Sti Aso (2014) - 1

2 nmocrg Cn{ZarjH nyd© narjm
18 _o, 2014
1. nwT rc KQZm Ë`m§À`m H mcH« _mZwgma {chm.

(1) g_mOdmXr njmMr ñWmnZm (2) H m±J«ogMo nmQUm A{YdoeZ
(3) ídoVn{ÌH m (4) {Vgar Jmoc_oO n[afX
(A) 3, 2, 1, 4 (~) 4, 3, 2, 1 (H ) 1, 4, 3, 2 (S) 2, 1, 4, 3
ñnîQrH aU d A{YH _m{hVr
(1) {Vgar Jmoc_oO n[afX 17 Zmoìh|~a Vo 24 Zmoìh|~a, 1932 `m Xaå`mZ â{dÊ`mV Amcr. `m n[afXoV H m±J«ogZo ^mJ
KoVcm Zmhr.
(2) _mM©, 1933 _Üò {~«{Qe gaH maZo EH ídoVn{ÌH m àg¥V Ho cr. {VÀ`m AmYmao 1935 Mm ^maV gaH ma H m`Xm V`ma
H aÊ`mV Amcm.
(3) H m±J«ogMo nmQUm òWrc A{YdoeZ Sr. g§{Odæ`m `m§À`m AÜ`jVoImcr gZ 1963 _Üò â{dÊ`mV Amco hmoVo.
(4) g_mOdmXr njmMr ñWmnZm gZ 1992 _Üò _wcm`_qgh `mXd `m§À`m ZoV¥ÎdmImcr Pmcr.
(g§X^© : AmYw{ZH ^maVmMm B{Vhmg - Sm°. hþH _M§X O¡Z,
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (Xþgar Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« . 177)
2. {~«{Qe B©ñQ B§{S`m H§ nZrMr ^maVmVrc ì`mnma{df`H _ŠVoXmar H moUË`m H m`ÚmÝdò g§nwîQmV Amcr?
(A) 1793 Mm gZXr H m`Xm (~) 1813 Mm gZXr H m`Xm
(H ) 1773 Mm {Z`_ZmMm H m`Xm (S) 1858 Mm ^maVmÀ`m gwemgZmMm H m`Xm
gZ 1813 À`m gZXr H m`ÚmZwgma Ho coë`m VaVwXr nwT rcà_mUo–
(1) H§ nZrÀ`m MrZer gwê Agcoë`m MhmÀ`m ì`mnmamcm H§ nZrÀ`m nyU© A{YH mamV amhÿ XoÊ`mV Amco; na§Vw H§ nZrMr
^maVmer ì`mnma H aÊ`mMr _ŠVoXmar _mÌ g§nwîQmV AmUÊ`mV Amcr, hm `m H m`ÚmZo Ho cocm _hÎdnyU© ~Xc hmoVm. ^maVmer ì`mnma
gd© {~«{Qe ì`mnmè`m§Zm Iwcm H aÊ`mV Amcm, hm `m ~XcmMm AW© hmoVm. _mÌ ImOJr ì`mnma H aUmè`m§da EH ~§YZ KmcÊ`mV
Amco H s, Vo Amnë`m OhmOmVyZ Mmaeo QZm§nojm A{YH _mc ZoUma ZmhrV.
(2) {~«{Qe ì`mnmar Am{U {¼íMZ {_eZar (Y_m}nXoeH ) `m§Zm ^maVmV ñWm{`H hmoÊ`mMr AZw_Vr XoÊ`mV Amcr; na§Vw
Ë`mgmRr Ë`m§Zm H§ nZrÀ`m g§MmcH m§H Sy Z qH dm ~moS m©H Sy Z nadmZo ¿`mdo cmJUma hmoVo.
(3) ^maVmVrc EVÔoer`m§À`m {ejUmgmRr, gm{hË`mÀ`m {Z{_©VrgmRr d {dkmZmÀ`m {ejUmMm àgma H aÊ`mgmRr Xadfu
EH cmI énò H§ nZrZo ~mOycm H mTy Z Vo IM© H amdoV. AWm©V, ho H§ nZrÀ`m Vmã`mVrc àXoemVrc cmoH m§gmRrM IM© H amd`mMo hmoVo.
(g§X^© : AmYw{ZH ^maVmMm B{Vhmg - Sm°. d. Vw. Xoenm§S o
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (Xþgar Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« _m§H : 108)
3. B. g. 1890 _Üò ñWmnZ Ho coë`m amîQ´ r` gôÀ`m {~«{Qe g{_Vr_Üò nwT rcn¡H s H moUË`m ì`ŠVr gh^mJr Pmë`m hmoË`m?
(A) XmXm^mB© Zm¡amoOr, cmoH _mÝ` {QiH , ~«mScm°, A°S åg, hm°dS©
(~) `yc, øy_, A°S åg, Zm°aQm°Z, hm°dS©
(H ) hçy_, {QiH , H± n~oc, ~«mScm°, Zm°aQm°Z
(S) `yc, øy_, ~«mScm°, Zm°aQm°Z, H± n~oc
nmocrg Cn{ZarjH nyd© narjm - 18 _o, 2014 / 43
4. Imcrcn¡H s 1935 À`m ^maV gaH maÀ`m H m`ÚmMr d¡{eîQço H moUVr?
(1) àm§Vr` ñdm`ÎmVm (2) g§KamÁ`mMo Ý`m`mc`
(3) H| ÐmV {ÛXc amÁ`nÕVr (4) XmoZ g^mJ¥h Agcoco g§Kr` H m`Xo_§S i
(A) \ ŠV 1 Am{U 4 (~) \ ŠV 1, 3, 4 (H ) 1, 2, 3 Am{U 4 (S) \ ŠV 2 Am{U 3
(1) g§`wŠV g{_VrÀ`m AhdmcmZwgma g°å`wAc hmoaÛmam 19 {Sg|~a, 1934 amoOr ^maV gaH ma {dYo`H {~«{Qe g§gXoV
_m§S Ê`mV Amco. {~«{Qe g§gXoZo ho {dYo`H ~hþ_VmZo nm[aV Ho co. 3 Am°JñQ, 1935 amoOr {~«{Qe g§gXoZo Amncr ñdrH¥ Vr {Xcr.
hm H m`Xm ^maV gaH maMm H m`Xm, 1935 (JìhZ©_|Q Am°\ B§{S`m A°ŠQ, 1935) `m ZmdmZo {d»`mV Amho.
(2) A{Ic ^maVr` g§KamÁ`mMm àñVmd : `m H m`ÚmMo gdmªV _hÎdmMo d¡{eîQç åhUOo ^maVmV àW_V:M g§KamÁ`mË_H
emgZàUmcr cmJy H aUo ho hmoVo. ^maVmVrc gd© àm§V Am{U g§ñWmZo `m§Mo EH g§KamÁ` ~Z{dÊ`mMm àñVmd hmoVm. H§o Ðr` {d{Y_§S i
{ÛJ¥hr RodÊ`mV Amco hmoVo Am{U XmoÝhr J¥hm§V amÁ`m§Zm `mo½` à{V{Z{YËd XoÊ`mV Amco hmoVo. H§o Ðr` Ag§oãcr_Üò 375 _YyZ 125
Am{U H m¡pÝgc Am°\ ñQoQ _Üò 260 _YyZ 140 gXñ` {Z`wŠV H aÊ`mMm A{YH ma Ë`m§Zm XoÊ`mV Amcm. g§KamÁ`{Z{_©VrMr à{H« `m
AË`§V O{Qc hmoVr. g§KamÁ`mV àm§Vm§Mm g_mdoe A{Zdm`© hmoVm; na§Vw Xoer g§ñWmZm§Mm g_mdoe EopÀNH hmoVm; Ë`m_wio ~hþVm§e
g§ñWmZm§Mo emgH Aem H§o Ðr` gaH ma_Üò gh^mJr hmoÊ`mg V`ma ZìhVo; Ë`m_wio hm àñVmd H m`m©pÝdV hmoD eH cm Zmhr.
(3) {df`m§Mr {d^mJUr : H m`Xo H aÊ`mÀ`m ÑîQrZo {df`m§Mo H§o Ðr`, àm§Vr` Am{U g_mZ Ago VrZ ^mJ H aÊ`mV Amco
hmoVo. H§o Ðr` gyMrV 59, àm§Vr` gyMrV 54 Am{U g_dVu gyMr_Üò 36 {df`m§Mm A§V^m©d H aÊ`mV Amcm hmoVm. g_dVu gyMrda
JìhZ©a OZacMm A{YH ma hmoVm, Omo {ddoH mMm dmna H ê Z g§~§{YV {df` H| Ðr` AWdm àm§Vr` {dYmZ _§S imH So gmondy eH V Ago.
(4) H§o ÐmV {ÛXc emgZ nÕVr : B. g. 1919 À`m H m`ÚmZwgma àm§VmV {ÛJ¥hr emgZ nÕVr cmJy H aÊ`mV Amcr hmoVr.
hr nÕVr nyU©nUo Aèñdr Racr. B. g. 1935 À`m H m`ÚmZwgma H§o ÐmV {ÛJ¥hr emgZ nÕVr cmJy H aÊ`mV Amcr. H§o Ðr` gyMr
XmoZ ^mJm§V Ama{jV Am{U hñVm§V[aV– Aer {d^mJÊ`mV Amcr. Ama{jV ^mJmV g§ajU, naamîQ´ r` Am{U Ym{_©H ~m~r hmoË`m,
Á`m JìhZ©a OZacÀ`m AIË`marV hmoË`m. hñVm§V[aV {df`mÀ`m A§VJ©V Cd©[aV gd© {df` hmoVo. _§{Ìn[afXoÀ`m gëë`mZo JìhZ©a
OZac `m {df`m§Mr àemgH s` ì`dñWm H ê eH V Ago. _§{Ìn[afX ì`dñWmnZ gôcm O~m~Xma hmoVr Am{U _§{Ìn[afXoMm {ZU©`
JìhZ©a OZacda ~§YZH maH ZìhVm; Ë`m_wio Iar gÎmm JìhZ©a OZacÀ`mM hmVmV hmoVr.
(5) àm§Vr` ñdm`ÎmVm : B. g. 1919 À`m H m`ÚmÛmao àm§VmV ñWm{nV {ÛXc emgZ nÕVr aÔ H ê Z ñdm`Îm emgZmMr
ñWmnZm H aÊ`mV Amcr Am{U àm§Vm§Zm ZdrZ KQZmË_H A{YH ma àXmZ H aÊ`mV Amco. àemgH s` H m`© JìhZ©a _§{Ìn[afXoÀ`m
gëë`mZwgma H arV Ago. _§{Ìn[afX {d{Y_§S imcm O~m~Xma hmoVr. JìhZ©aH Sy Z hr Anojm hmoVr H s, Ë`mZo _§{Ìn[afXoÀ`m gëë`mZwgma
H m`© H amdo; na§Vw àm§Vr` ñdm`ÎmVo-{edm`hr JìhZ©acm BVHo A{YH ma XoÊ`mV Amco H s ñdm`ÎmVm hr Zm__mÌ hmoVr.
(g§X^© : AmYw{ZH ^maVmMm B{Vhmg - Sm°. hþH _M§X O¡Z
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (Xþgar Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« . 178-179)
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OmoS çm cmdyZ CÎmamMm `mo½` n`m©` {ZdSm.
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(`) E_. Or. amZSo (1) O_qISr
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(a) Or. Or. AmJaH a
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(c) ìhr. Ama. qeXo
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(d) Or. EM. Xoe_wI (4) {Z\ mS
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(A) `-2, a-1, c-3, d-4 (~) `-3, a-1, c-4, d-2
(H ) `-4, a-2, c-1, d-3 (S) `-2, a-4, c-3, d-1
(1) _hmXod JmoqdX amZSo `m§Mm OÝ_ 18 OmZodmar, 1842 amoOr Zm{eH {OëømVrc {Z\ mS `m Jmdr Pmcm. Ë`m§Mo àmW{_H
{ejU H moëhmnya òWo Pmco.
44 / PSI-STI-ASO nyd© narjm g§ñH [aV àíZn{ÌH m g§J«h

(2) Jmonmi JUoe AmJaH a ho ~w{ÕdmXmÀ`m AmYmamda g_mOgwYmaUoMm nwañH ma H aUmao {dMmad§V åhUyZ AmoiIco
OmVmV. Ë`m§Mm OÝ_ 14 Owc¡, 1856 amoOr gmVmam {OëømVrc Q|^y `m Jmdr Pmcm.
(3) _hfu {dÇc am_Or qeXo `m§Mm OÝ_ 23 E{àc, 1873 amoOr H Zm©Q H mVrc O_qISr òWo Pmcm. Ë`m§À`m d{Scm§Mo
Zmd am_Or d AmB©Mo Zmd `_wZm~mB© Ago hmoVo.
(4) cmoH {hVdmXr§Mo g§nyU© Zmd Jmonmi har Xoe_wI Ago hmoVo. Ë`m§Mo _yi AmSZmd {gYò Ago hmoVo. Xoe_wI ho Zmd Ë`m§Zm
dVZmdê Z nSco.
(5) cmoH {hVdmXtMm OÝ_ 18 \o ~«wdmar, 1823 amoOr nwUo òWo Pmcm. Ë`m§Mo dSrc h[an§V ho noeì`m§Mo goZmnVr ~mny JmoIco
`m§Mo \ SUrg hmoVo.
(g§X^© : _hmamîQ´ mVrc g_mOgwYmaH - Ho 'gmJa
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (Mm¡{Vgmdr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« . 45, 76, 89 d 275)
6. n§{SVm a_m~mBªer {ZJ{SV MwH sMo {dYmZ AmoiIm.
(A) "emaXmgXZ' Am{U "_wpŠVgXZm'Mr ñWmnZm (~) "ñÌrH moe' `m nwñVH mVyZ pñÌ`m§Mo dU©Z Ho co.
(H ) {Zam{lV {dYdm pñÌ`m§gmRr "H¥ nmgXZ', "{àVrgXZ' (S) Ë`m§À`m H m`m©~Ôc "H¡ ga-B-qhX' hr nXdr ~hmc
(1) A_o[aHo VyZ ^maVmV naV Amë`mda n§{SVm a_m~mBªZr 11 _mM©, 1889 amoOr _w§~B© òWo "emaXm gXZ' ZmdmMr EH g§ñWm
ñWmnZ Ho cr. emaXm gXZÀ`m gëcmJma _§S imV Ý`m. amZSo, Ý`m. Voc§J, Sm°. ^m§S maH a `m§gma»`m Wmoa ì`ŠVr hmoË`m.
(2) a_m~mBªZr nwÊ`mnmgyZ WmoS çm A§Vamda Ho SJmd `m Jmdr 24 gßQ|~a, 1898 amoOr "_wpŠVgXZ' ZmdmMr g§ñWm ñWmnZ
Ho cr. Ë`mV AZmW d {dYdm pñÌ`m§À`m {ejUmMr, {ZdmgmMr Am{U ^moOZmMr _mo\ V gmo` Ho cr.
(3) a_m~mBªZr ~m`~c `m {¼ñVr Y_©J«§WmMo _amRrV ^mfm§Va Ho co. `m{edm` ñÌrY_© ZrVr, `wZm`QoS , ñQoQ² gMr cmoH pñWVr
Am{U àdmgd¥Îm, Xr hm` H mñQ qhXÿ dw_Z BË`mXr nwñVHo hr Ë`m§Zr {c{hco.
(4) n§{SVm a_m~mBªZr A§YmgmRr n{hcr emim "~mV_r gXZ' d AZmW _wcm§gmRr "gXmZ§X gXZ' gwê Ho co.
(5) n§{SVm a_m~mBªÀ`m EHy UM gm_m{OH H m`m©Mm Jm¡ad åhUyZ {~«{Qe emgZmZo gZ 1919 _Üò Ë`m§Zm "H¡ ga-B-qhX'
ho nXH XoD Z Jm¡a{dco.
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (Mm¡{Vgmdr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« . 80 d 81)
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OmoS çm cmdyZ CÎmamMm `mo½` n`m©` {ZdSm.
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(`) A{Ic ^maVr` Q´ oS `w{Z`Z H m±J«og (1) 1936
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(a) A{Ic ^maVr` {H gmZ H m±J«og (2) 1920
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(c) {JaUr H m_Jma g§K (3) 1918
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(d) Ah_Xm~mX QoŠgQmB©c co~a Agmo{gEeZ (4) 1928
(A) `-2, a-1, c-4, d-3 (~) `-3, a-4, c-1, d-2
(H ) `-2, a-1, c-3, d-4 (S) `-1, a-2, c-4, d-3
(1) n{hë`m OmJ{VH _hm`wÕmZ§Va "Am§VaamîQ´ r` H m_Jma g§KQZm' ñWmnZ Pmcr; Ë`m_wio H îQH è`m§À`m g§KQZm ñWmnZ
hmoÊ`mg MmcZm {_imcr. `mMmM n[aUm_ åhUyZ 31 Am°ŠQmo~a, 1920 amoOr cmcm cOnVam` `m§À`m AÜ`jVoImcr "Am°c B§{S`m
Q´ oS `w{Z`Z H m±J«og' (AITUC) Mr ñWmnZm Pmcr.
(2) E{àc, 1936 _Üò cIZm¡ òWo A{Ic ^maVr` eoVH ar ({H gmZ) H m±J«ogMr ñWmnZm Pmcr. {VMo nwT o "A{Ic
^maVr` {H gmZ g^m' Ago Zm_m§Va H aÊ`mV Amco. {~hma àm§Vr` gôVrc cTmD d¥ÎmrMo g§ñWmnH ñdm_r ghOmZ§X gañdVr ho n{hco
AÜ`j d EZ. Or. a§Jm _hmg{Md åhUyZ {ZdSy Z Amco.

(3) gZ 1918 _Üò Jm§YrOtZr "Ah_Xm~mX QoŠgQmB©c co~a Agmo{gEeZ' (TLA) ñWmnZm Ho cr. 14,000 g^mgXm§Mr
hr g§KQZm Ë`mdoiMr gdmªV _moR r H m_Jma g§KQZm hmoVr. Jm§YrOtMm hm à`moJ "{dídñV d cdmXm' À`m (^m§S dcXma ho H m_Jmam§À`m
{hVmMo {dídñV AmhoV) {gÕmÝVmda AmYm[aV hmoVm. gZ 1918 _Üò "QrEcE' Zo Amnë`m H m_Jmam§Zm 27.5 QŠHo doVZdmT {_idyZ
{Xcr. H m_Jmam§Zm {_imcoë`m gdm©{YH doVZdmTtn¡H s Vr EH hmoVr.
(4) E{àc-gßQ|~a 1928 `m H mimV H å`w{ZñQm§À`m ZoV¥ËdmImcrc {JaUr H m_Jma `w{Z`ZZo (GKU) _w§~B©V KSdyZ
AmUcocm {JaUr H m_Jmam§Mm ghm _{hÝ`m§Mm àXrK© g§n H m_Jma MidirÀ`m B{VhmgmV _hÎdnyU© JUcm OmVmo. `m g§nmZ§Va {JaUr
H m_Jma `w{Z`Z PnmQçmZo nwT o Amcr d {VZo H m_Jma MidirV AJ«ñWmZ {_i{dco. B. g. 1928 n`ªV {VÀ`m g^mgXm§Mr g§»`m
324 dê Z 54,000 n`ªV dmTcr.
B§{S`mO² ñQ´ Jc \ m°a B§{Sn|S Ýg - {~nZ M§Ð,
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (Vo{dgmdr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« . 169-170)
8. _wñcr_ crJZo "_wŠVr {XZ' Ho ìhm gmOam Ho cm?
(A) 1926 _Üò, Ooìhm ñdamÁ` njmZo àm§VmVrc Amnco ~hþ_V J_m{dco.
(~) 1929 _Üò, H m±J«ogZo nyU© ñdamÁ`mMr _mJUr Omhra Ho cr Ë`mZ§Va.
(H ) 1932 _Üò, gaH maZo H m±J«ogcm ~oH m`Xm Kmo{fV Ho co Voìhm.
(S) 1939 _Üò, {ÛVr` OmJ{VH _hm`wÕmV ^maVmcm TH cco, Ë`mMm {ZfoY åhUyZ àm§VmVrc H m±J«ogÀ`m
_§Í`m§Zr amOrZm_o {Xco Voìhm.
B. g. 1939 _Üò H m±J«ogÀ`m _§{Ì_§S imZo Ë`mJnÌ {Xë`mZo OrZm Am{U _wñcr_ crJcm A{Ve` AmZ§X Pmcm. Ë`m§Zr 22
{Sg§o~a, 1939 hm {Xdg _wpŠV{Xdg åhUyZ gmOam Ho cm. 22 _mM©, 1940 `m {Xder gm§àXm{`H VoMm ñ\ moQ Pmcm. `m {Xder
_wñcr_ crJZo cmhmoa A{YdoeZmV {ÛamîQ´ dmXmMm {gÕmÝV nm[aV Ho cm Am{U Ë`mÀ`m àmßVrgmRr H§ ~a H gcr.
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (Xþgar Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« _m§H : 180)
9. nwT rcn¡H s H moUVr ì`ŠVr/H moUË`m ì`ŠVr 1857 À`m CRmdmer g§~§{YV Zmhr/ZmhrV?
(1) noR Mm amOm ^Jd§Vamd (2) AOrOZ Z{V©H m (3) Jwc_ma Xþ~o (4) Hmí_raMm amOm Jwcm~qgh
(A) \ ŠV 1 Am{U 2 (~) \ ŠV 2 Am{U 4 (H ) 1, 2, 3 (S) \ ŠV 4
B. g. 1857 Mm CRmd g§nyU© ^maVmV ngacm Agcm Var g§nyU© ^maVr`m§Zm à^m{dV H ê eH cm Zmhr. n§Om~Mm A{YH m§e
^y^mJ, H mí_ra Am{U amOnwVmZm em§V am{hco. h¡Xam~mXMm {ZOm_, H mí_raMm amOm Jwcm~qgh, n{V`mimMm erI emgH , ^monmiMm
Zdm~ `m§Zr ñdV:Mo amÁ` d nX gwa{jV amIÊ`mgmRr `m CRmdH Ë`mªÀ`m {damoYmV B§J«Om§Zm _XV Ho cr.
10. nwT rcn¡H s H moUË`m JmoîQr {d. Xm. gmdaH am§Zr g_mO gwYmaÊ`mgmRr Ho ë`m?
(1) {d{dY OmVrVrc pñÌ`m§Mo hiXr-Hw§ Hy H m`©H« _ `moOco.
(2) ñn¥í`-Añn¥í` `m§Mo EH Ì ^moOZmMo H m`©H« _ `moOco.
(3) Am§Va-OmVr` {ddmhm§Zm àmoËgmhZ {Xco.
(4) Y_mªVa Ho coë`m qhXÿ§Zm naV qhXÿ Y_m©V KoÊ`mgmRr ewÕrH aU Midi am~dcr.
(A) 1, 3 (~) \ ŠV 2
(H ) 2, 3 Am{U 4 (S) darc gd©
gmdaH am§Zr aËZm{Jar òWo "n{VVnmdZ _§{Xam'Mr C^maUr Ho cr. gZ 1937 À`m qhXÿ _hmgôMo AÜ`j åhUyZ Ë`m§Mr {ZdS
Pmcr hmoVr. aËZm{JarVrc {dÇc _§{XamV Añn¥í`m§Zm àdoe {_imdm åhUyZ Ë`m§Zr gË`mJ«h Ho cm hmoVm. JmB©cm XodVm _mZÊ`mg Ë`m§Mm
{damoY hmoVm. gmdaH a ho "AI§S ^maVm'Mo nwañH V} hmoVo.
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (Mm¡{Vgmdr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« . 302)
11. nwT rc pñÌ`m§n¡H s H moUË`m ñÌrZo {dX^m©Vrc pñÌ`m§H [aVm n{hcr amÌemim gwê Ho cr?
(A) Z§XmVmB© Jdir (~) OmB©~mB© Mm¡Yar (H ) doUyVmB© ^QH a (S) Vwigm~mB© ~ZgmoS o
12. 19 ì`m eVH m_Üò ^maVr` B{VhmgmMr n{hë`m§Xm Am{W©H ÑpîQH moZmVyZ H moUr _m§S Ur Ho cr Amho?
(1) XmXm^mB© Zm¡amoOr (2) Ý`m. E_. Or. amZSo (3) amo_oeM§Ð XÎm (4) Ama. gr. _wOw_Xma
(A) \ ŠV 1 (~) \ ŠV 1 Am{U 2 (H ) 1, 2, Am{U 3 (S) \ ŠV 1 Am{U 4
B. g. 1870 Vo 1905 `m H mimV Á`m AZoH ^maVr`m§Zr {~«{Qe amOdQrMo Am{W©H {dícofU gwê Ho co Ë`mV VrZ ì`ŠVr
à_wI AmhoV. Jm§Yrnyd© H mimV "^maVmMo {nVm_h' åhUyZ AmoiIco OmUmao XmXm^mB© Zm¡amoOr Ë`m§n¡H s gd©loîR hmoV. B. g. 1825
_Üò OÝ_coco XmXm^mB© EH èñdr ì`mdgm{`H hmoVo; na§Vw Ë`m§Zr Amnco gd© Am`wî` d g§nÎmr XoemV amîQ´ r` Midi gwê H aÊ`mV
d Vr J{V_mZ H aÊ`mV IM© Ho cr.
_hmXod JmoqdX amZSo `m XmXm^mBªZm H mhrem g_H mcrZ Agcoë`m Xþgè`m ZoV¥ËdmZo ^maVr`m§À`m EH m g~§Y {nTrcm AmYw{ZH
Am¡Úmo{JH _hÎd nQdyZ {Xco. amo_oeM§Ð XÎm `m {Zd¥Îm gZXr A{YH mè`mZo {dgmì`m eVH mÀ`m gwédmVrcm "X BH m°Zm°{_H {hñQ— r Am°\
B§{S`m' (^maVmMm Am{W©H B{Vhmg) hm J«§W à{gÕ Ho cm. `m J«§Wm_Üò Ë`m§Zr 1757 nmgyZÀ`m dgmhVdmXr amOdQrMr Am{W©H
H m_{Jar ~maH mB©Zo d Vnercdma Vnmgcr.
Or. ìhr. Omoer, Or. gw~«_Ê`_ Aæà, Jmonmi H¥ îU JmoIco, n¥ÏdreM§Ð ao d eoH Smo amOH s` H m`©H V} Am{U nÌH ma `m§À`mgh
`m {VKm§Zr {~«{QeH mcrZ ^maVr` AW©ì`dñWoÀ`m gd© n¡cy§Mr Am{U dgmhVdmXr Am{W©H YmoaUm§Mr AJXr ~maH mB©Zo NmZZr Ho cr.
{~«{Qe amOdQrMo ñdê n d C{ÔîQo `m§{df`r Ë`m§Zr H mhr _yc^yV àíZ CnpñWV Ho co.
(g§X^© : B§{S`mO² ñQ´ Jc \ m°a B§{Sn|S Ýg - {~nZ M§Ð
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (Vo{dgmdr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« . 75-76)
13. Imcrcn¡H s A`mo½` {dYmZ AmoiIm.
(A) amîQ´ gôMr ñWmnZm 1885 _Üò Pmcr.
(~) amîQ´ gôMo n{hco A{YdoeZ nwUo òWo âco hmoVo.
(H ) amîQ´ gôMo OZH A°cZ øy_ hmoVo.
(S) B§J«Om§À`m Ý`m`~wÕrda amîQ´ gôÀ`m ZoË`m§Mr ÑT lÕm hmoVr.
(1) B. g. 1885 _Üò øy_Zo ñdV:À`m g§KQZoMo Zmd "B§{S`Z Z°eZc `w{Z`Z' Rodco. {Sg|~a_Üò hrM g§KQZm "B§{S`Z
Z°eZc H m±J«og' `m ZmdmZo AmoiIcr OmD cmJcr.
(2) H m±J«ogMo n{hco A{YdoeZ 28 {Sg§o~a, 1885 amoOr ì`mo_oeM§Ð ~°ZOu `m§À`m AÜ`jVoImcr _w§~B©À`m JmoHw cXmg
VoOnmc g§ñH¥ V H m°coO_Üò g§nÞ Pmco.
(3) n{hë`m A{YdoeZmV ì`mo_oeM§Ð ~°ZOvì`{V[aŠV _w§~B© Bcm»`mMo 38, _ÐmgMo 21, ~§JmcMo 3, CÎma-npíM_ àXoeMo
d A`moÜòMo 6 Am{U n§Om~ ao{gSoÝgrMo 3 gXñ` Ago EHy U ~mhÎma à{V{ZYr CnpñWV hmoV.o
(4) H m±J«ogMo n{hco AÜ`j ì`mo_oeM§Ð ~°ZOu `m§Zr H m±J«ogÀ`m ñWmnZo_mJrc CÔoe ñnîQ H aVmZm gm§{JVco H s, amîQ´ {hVmgmRr
XoemÀ`m {d{^Þ ^mJm§Vrc g{H« ` H m`©H Ë`mªV _¡ÌrnyU© g§~§Y dmT{dUo, amîQ´ r` EoŠ`mMr ^mdZm dmT{dUo, OmV, àm§V Am{U Y_m©À`m

AmYmamdarc ôX^md Xÿa H aUo VWm òUmè`m dfm©V amîQ´ {hVmÀ`m g§dY©ZmgmRr ^maVr` amOH s` ZoË`m§gmRr EH YmoaU {ZpíMV H aUo
hr H m±J«ogMr ^y{_H m Amho.
14. nwT rc KQZm§Mr H mcmZwH« _o _m§S Ur H am.
(1) Zohê [anmoQ © (2) gm`_Z H {_eZ (3) _wS r_Z H {_eZ (4) àm§Vr` {ÛXcemgZ nÕVr
(A) 1, 2, 3, 4 (~) 4, 3, 2, 1 (H ) 4, 2, 3, 1 (S) 2, 3, 1, 4
(1) àm§Vr` {ÛXc emgZ nÕVr : B§{S`Z H m¡pÝgëg A°ŠQ, 1919 `m H m`ÚmcmM _m±Q o½`y-Moåg\ moS © H m`Xm ("_m±Q o½`y
hm ^maV_§Ìr d Moåg\ moS © hm JìhZ©a OZac hmoVm) Agohr åhQco OmVo. `m H m`ÚmZo EH J¥hr H| Ðr` {d{Y_§S imMr nwZa©MZm H aÊ`mV
òD Z H| ÐmV àW_M {ÛJ¥hr H m`Xo_§S imMr ì`dñWm H aÊ`mV Amcr. d[aîR g^mJ¥hmcm amÁ`n[afX Am{U H {ZîR g^mJ¥hmcm H| Ðr`
{dYmZg^m åhUÊ`mV Amco.
(2) _wS r_Z H {_eZ : ñdamÁ` njmZo {dYmZ _§S imV ~aoM CëcoIZr` H m`© Ho co. B. g. 1919 À`m H m`ÚmV ~Xc
H ê Z O~m~Xma gaH maMr _mJUr H aÊ`mV Amcr. ^maVmV à{V{ZYtMo EH A{YdoeZ Am`mo{OV H aÊ`mMr _mJUr H aÊ`mV Amcr.
XSnemhr H aUmè`m H m`Úm§{déÕ àñVmd g§_V H aÊ`mV Amco. AZoH àH aUr `m njmcm AnèmMmhr gm_Zm H amdm cmJcm. ^maV
gaH maMo J¥h g^mgX AcoŠPm§S a _wS r_Z `m§À`m ZoV¥ËdmImcr gwYmaUm H aÊ`mgmRr EH g{_Vr J{RV H aÊ`mV Amcr. `m g{_VrZo
{VÀ`m AhdmcmV Xþhoar emgZmMo g_W©Z Ho co. H§o Ðr` {dYmZ _§S imV `m Ahdmcm{déÕ àñVmd g§_V Pmco.
(3) gm`_Z H {_eZ : B. g. 1919 À`m H m`ÚmV Xhm dfmªZr emgH s` gwYmaUm§Mm AmTmdm KoÊ`mgmRr EH H {_eZ
{Z`wŠV H aÊ`mMr VaVyX H aÊ`mV Amcr hmoVr. Ë`mZwgma hm Am`moJ (H {_eZ) 1929 _Üò {Z`wŠV hmoUma hmoVm; na§Vw B§½c§S _Yrc
~XcË`m n[apñWVr_wio 1927 _ÜòM hm Am`moJ J{RV H aÊ`mV Amcm. ga Om°Z gm`_Z `m Am`moJmMo AÜ`j Agë`mZo `mcm
"gm`_Z H {_eZ' åhUÊ`mV òD cmJco. `mV EHy U gmV gXñ` hmoVo; na§Vw Ë`m§n¡H s EH hr gXñ` ^maVr` Zgë`mZo `mcm "ìhmB©Q
_oZ H {_eZ' Agohr g§~mo{Yco OmB©.
(4) Zohê [anmoQ © : `m g{_VrMo AÜ`j _moVrcmc Zohê hmoVo d `m g{_VrV gw^mfM§Ð ~mog, ga B_m_ Acr, ga VoO~hmXya
gày, Or. Ama. àYmZ, E_. Eg. AUo, emoE~ Hw aoer, EZ. E_. Omoer Am{U gaXma _§Jcqgh ho gXñ` hmoVo. `m g{_VrZo Amncm
Ahdmc Owc¡, 1928 amoOr àH m{eV Ho cm. hm Ahdmc "Zohê [anmoQ ©' `m ZmdmZo AmoiIcm OmVmo. 10 Am°JñQ, 1928 amoOr hm
Ahdmc H m±J«ogÀ`m A{YdoeZmV RodÊ`mV Amcm; Vmo gdmªZr ñdrH macm.
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (Xþgar Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« _m§H : 163, 171, 172 d 173)
15. "X J«oQ [a~o{c`Z' `m nwñVH mMo coIH H moU?
(A) AemoH H moR mar (~) AemoH _ohVm (H ) Sm°. Eg. EZ. goZ (S) dr. Sr. gmdaH a
"X J«oQ [a~o{c`Z' ho AemoH _ohVm `m§Mo nwñVH AgyZ Vo 1857 À`m CRmdmda AmYm[aV Amho. `m nwñVH mV Ë`m§Zr 1857 À`m
CRmdmMo dU©Z "amîQ´ r` {dÐmoh' `m eãXmV Ho co Amho.
16. _hmamîQ´ mVrc Imcrcn¡H s H moUVr ZXr Odinmg CÎmaoH Sy Z X{jUoH So dmhVo?
(A) Vmnr (~) d°ZJßJm (H ) Z_©Xm (S) H¥ îUm
d¡ZJ§Jm hr nyd© _hmamîQ´ mVyZ dmhUmar ZXr Amho. d¡ZJ§JoMm CJ_ _Ü` àXoemV {edZr {OëømV _¡H c Sm|JamV Pmcocm Amho.
d¡ZJ§JoMr _hmamîQ´ mVrc cm§~r 295 {H . _r. Amho.
dYm© hr d¡ZJ§JoMr CnZXr. hr X{jUdm{hZr AgyZ `m ZXrMm CJ_ _Ü` àXoe_Üò ~oVyc {OëømV gmVnwS m nd©VmV Pmcm Amho.
`m ZXrMr _hmamîQ´ mVrc cm§~r 455 {H . _r. BVH s Amho. hr _hmamîQ´ mVrc gdmªV _moR r X{jUdm{hZr ZXr Amho.
Vmnr d Z_©Xm `m npíM_oH So dmhV OmD Z Aa~r g_wÐmcm {_iVmV. Va H¥ îUm hr ZXr gmVmam {OëømVrc _hm~ioída òWo
CJ_ nmdVo d nyd}H So dmhV OmD Z ~§JmcÀ`m CngmJamg {_iVo.
(g§X^© : _hmamîQ´ mMm ^yJmoc - àm. Ho . E. IVr~
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (~{Îmgmdr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« _m§H : 67)
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_hmamîQ´ mVrc EH mM ZmdmMo VmcwHo d {Oëho `m§À`m OmoS çm cmdm.
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VmcwHo {Oëho
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(`) IoS (1) am`JS, Ah_XZJa
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(a) H O©V (2) aËZm{Jar, nwUo
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(c) H i§~ (3) Zm{eH , A_amdVr
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(d) Zm§XJmd (4) Cñ_mZm~mX, `dV_mi
(A) `-2, a-4, c-1, d-3 (~) `-1, a-2, c-4, d-3
(H ) `-2, a-1, c-4, d-3 (S) `-4, a-3, c-2, d-1
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_hmamîQ´ mVrc EH mM ZmdmMo VmcwHo
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A.H« . VmcwŠ`mMo Zmd {Oëhm {d^mJ
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1. IoS aËZm{Jar d nwUo H moH U d nwUo
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2. H O©V am`JS d Ah_XZJa H moH U d Zm{eH
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3. Zm§XJmd Zm{eH d A_amdVr Zm{eH d A_amdVr
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4. _mcoJmd Zm{eH d dm{e_ Zm{eH d A_amdVr
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5. H i§~ Cñ_mZm~mX d `dV_mi Am¡a§Jm~mX d A_amdVr
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6. AmîQr ~rS d dYm© Am¡a§Jm~mX d ZmJnya
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7. gocy naÛr d dYm© Am¡a§Jm~mX d ZmJnya
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8. H ma§Om dm{e_ d dYm© A_amdVr d ZmJnya
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Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (~{Îmgmdr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« . 453)
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Imcrc `mXrVrc `mo½` OmoS çm Owidm d Imcr {Xcoë`m `mXrVrc n`m©`m§_YyZ `mo½` n`m©` {ZdSm.
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åh¡g àH ma amÁ`
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(`) _wèhm (1) CÎma àXoe
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(a) ^mXdar (2) n§Om~
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(c) _ohgmUm (3) h[a`mZm
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(d) {Zcradr (4) JwOamV
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(A) `-1, a-2, c-3, d-4 (~) `-2, a-3, c-4, d-1
(H ) `-2, a-4, c-1, d-3 (S) `-3, a-1, c-4, d-2

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åh¡g àH ma amÁ`
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(1) _wèhm amohVH , H Zm©c (h[a`mZm)
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(2) ^mXdar AmJ«m (CÎmaàXoe)
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(3) Om\« m~mXr Om\ am~mX (JwOamV)
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(4) {Zcr {\ amoOnya (n§Om~)
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(5) gwaVr gwaV (JwOamV)
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(6) ZmJnwar _amRdmSm, Am¡a§Jm~mX Am{U ZmJnya, dYm©, AH mocm (_hmamîQ´ )
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(7) _ohgmUm _ohgmUm (JwOamV)
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(g§X^© : ZoMa H ÝPd}eZ - A_¥Vm nmQrc
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (n{hcr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« . 348-349
A{YH _m{hVr : H¥ fr {df` - Ho 'gmJa
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (gmRmdr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« . 119)
19. Imcrc `mXr_YyZ `mo½` OmoS çm Owidm d Imcr {Xcoë`m `mXrVrc n`m©`m§_YyZ `mo½` CÎma {ZdSm.
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{Oëho qcJ-JwUmoÎma (Xa hOmar)
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(`) qgYwXþJ© (1) 932
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(a) aËZm{Jar (2) 927
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(c) Zm{eH (3) 1,136
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(d) ZmJnya (4) 1,079
(A) `-1, a-2, c-3, d-4 (~) `-2, a-3, c-4, d-1
(H ) `-3, a-4, c-1, d-2 (S) `-4, a-3, c-2, d-1
àíZ H« . 19 _Üò Am`moJmZo _hmamîQ´ mVrc {Oëho Am{U Ë`m {OëømVrc qcJ-JwUmoÎma `m§À`m OmoS çm cmdÊ`mg gm§{JVco Amho.
gZ 2011 À`m OZJUZoÀ`m E{àc, 2013 _Üò Omhra H aÊ`mV Amcoë`m àmW{_H {ZîH fmªZwgma _hmamîQ´ mVrc qgYwXþJ©,
aËZm{Jar, Zm{eH Am{U ZmJnya `m {OëømVrc qcJ-JwUmoÎma AZwH« _o Xa hOma nwéfm§_mJo 1,036 pñÌ`m, 1,122 pñÌ`m, 934 pñÌ`m
Am{U 951 pñÌ`m BVHo Amho.
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0 Vo 6 df} 0 Vo 6 df}
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{Oëhm ñÌr-nwéf {Oëhm ñÌr-nwéf
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d`moJQmVrc d`moJQmVrc
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à_mU à_mU
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ñÌr-nwéf à_mU ñÌr-nwéf à_mU
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_w§~B© eha 832 914 _w§~B© CnZJa 860
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913
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RmUo 886 924 am`JS 959 935
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aËZm{Jar 1,122 936 qgYwXþJ© 1,036
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Zm{eH 934 890 Ywio 946 898
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Z§Xþa~ma 978 944 OiJmd 925
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Ah_XZJa 939 852 nwUo 915 883
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0 Vo 6 df} 0 Vo 6 df}
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ñÌr-nwéf ñÌr-nwéf
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{Oëhm
à_mU
d`moJQmVrc {Oëhm
à_mU
d`moJQmVrc
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ñÌr-nwéf à_mU ñÌr-nwéf à_mU
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gmVmam 988 895 gm§Jcr 966 867
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JS{Mamocr 982 961 - - -
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Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (EŠ`mE|erdr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« . 363)
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Y~Y~m Agcoco ho ghcrMo d n`©Q ZmMo EH _od {RH mU Amho.
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(1) 3 _w§~B©-RmUo-Zm{eH -B§Xmoa-{ednwar-AmJ«m 236.00
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(2) 4 RmUo-nZdoc-nwUo-gmVmam-H moëhmnya-~oiJmdr-~|Jiwê -MoÞB©. 380.56
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(3) 4 H amîQ´ r` _hm_mJ© H« . 48 (H i§~mocr) dê Z - 36.93
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(4) 6 hm{Oam-Ywio-ZmJnya-XþJ©-XodJT-H mocH mVm 797.00
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(5) 7 dmamUgr-H¡ _ya-ZmJnya-nm§T aH dSm-JTdmc-~|Jiwê -H Ý`mHw _mar 268.36
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(6) 8 ~¥hÝ_w§~B©-A§Yoar-~mo[adcr-RmUo-Vcmgar-Ah_Xm~mX-O`nya-{Xëcr 120.40
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(7) 9 (ZdrZ 65) nwUo-gmocmnya-C_aJm-h¡Xam~mX-_ÀNcrnÅU_.
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(8) 13 gmocmnya-{dOmnwam-{MÌXþJ©-{ed_mo½Jm-_§Jiwê
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(9) 16 {ZPm_m~mX-{gam|Mm-OJXminya 57.30
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(10) 17 nZdoc-_hmS-aËZm{Jar-nUOr-_§Jiwê -nmoÞB©-H moMr
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(11) 26-~ ZaqgJnya-qNXdmSm-gmdZoa (amîQ´ r` _hm_mJ© H« . 69 cm {_iVmo.) 13.00
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(12) 50 nwUo-IoS -g§J_Zoa-{gÞa-Zm{eH
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(13) 69 ZmJnya-gmdZoa-emhnya-hmoe§Jm~mX-Amo~oXþëcmJ§O. 59.00
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(14) 161 (ZdrZ) AH mocm-Zm§XSo -gm§JmaoÈ r- (amîQ´ r` _hm_mJ© H« . 65 cm {_iVmo.)
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(15) 204 aËZm{Jar-nmcr-_cH mnya-emhþdmSr-H moëhmnya
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(16) 211 Ywio-MmirgJmd-Am¡a§Jm~mX-~rS-Cñ_mZm~mX-gmocmnya. 452.80
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(17) 222 H ë`mU amîQ´ r` _hm_mJ© H« . 3 dê Z-Ah_XZJa-JodamB©-naÛr
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-Zm§XoS -^moH a-Voc§JmUm gr_on`ªV.
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(18) 348 (ZdrZ) niñno-Odmha Zohê nmoQ © Q´ ñQ-(amîQ´ r` _hm_mJ© H« . 48 cm {_iVmo.)
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(19) 348 A Odmhacmc Zohê nmoQ © Q´ ñQOdi amîQ´ r` _hm_mJ© H« . 348
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dê Z-nm_ ~rMn`ªV.
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(20) 848 (ZdrZ) RmUo (amîQ´ r` _hm_mJ© H« . 48 dê Z) -JwOamV gr_on`ªV
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(21) 160 (ZdrZ) {gÞa (amîQ´ r` _hm_mJ© H« . 60 dê Z) -{eSu-Ah_XZJa d nwT o
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(amîQ´ r` _hm_mJ© H« . 61 cm {_iVmo.) 145.20
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(22) 166 (ZdrZ) H moëhmnya amîQ´ r` _hm_mJ© H« . 48 dê Z-{_aO-gm§Jmoco-gmocmnya 232.72
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(23) 361 (ZdrZ) gmocmnya-Zm§XSo -`dV_mi-~w{Q~moar-(amîQ´ r` _hm_mJ© H« . 44 cm {_iVmo.)
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(24) 353 H (ZdrZ) amîQ´ r` _hm_mJ© H« . 53 dê Z-dYm©-JS{Mamocr-Aëcmnëcr-{gam|Mmn`ªV. 325.00
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(25) 848 A XmXam d ZJa-hdocr-_hmamîQ´ gr_onmgyZ-
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(ZdrZ) (amîQ´ r` _hm_mJ© H« . 48 cm {_iVmo.)
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(26) 150 Extn. XþYmZr-AŠH cH moQ -gmocmnya (amîQ´ r` _hm_mJ© H« . 52 n`ªV) 69.00
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(27) 166 A (ZdrZ) dSIc (amîQ´ r` _hm_mJ© H« . 66 dê Z) - A{c~mJ 29.00
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(28) 753 (ZdrZ) Xþ½Jrnma-JmoaoJmd-Jm|{X`m 44.00
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(29) 753 A (ZdrZ) _cH mnya-~wcTmUm-{MIcr-XoD iJmd amOm-OmcZm-Am¡a§Jm~mX 205.00
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(30) 753 ~ (ZdrZ) eodir-{ZPm_nya-Z§Xþa~ma-VimoXm-JwOamV amÁ` gr_on`ªV 108.00
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(31) 930 (ZdrZ) _w_m©Jmd-YmZmoam-JS{Mamocr-M§Ðnya-dUr-H a§Or-
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(amîQ´ r` _hm_mJ© H« . 44 n`ªV) 280.00
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(32) 353 S amîQ´ r` _hm_mJ© H« . 53 nmgyZ- ZmJnya-ZmJ^rS-~«÷nwar- 137.00
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amîQ´ r` _hm_mJ© H« . 353 H n`ªV Aa_moar Odi
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(33) 353 B (ZdrZ) amîQ´ r` _hm_mJ© H« . 353 S C_aoS -{êr-{M_ya-AmZ§XdZ-damoS m 90.00
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(34) 953 (ZdrZ) gmdS-dUr qnniJmd ~gd§V Odi g_mßV hmoVmo.
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(35) 965 (ZdrZ) _mohmoi amîQ´ r` _hm_mJ© H« . 65 dê Z n§T anya-_mi{eag-\ cQU-Zram- 277.00
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(36) 50 (ZdrZ) amîQ´ r` _hm_mJ© H« . 161 dê Z (Zm§XoS) - H Zm©Q H n`ªV 110.00
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(37) 547 B amîQ´ r` _hm_mJ© H« . 48 dê Z (gmdZoa)-YmnodmSm-Hw ë_oída- 35.00
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amîQ´ r` _hm_mJ© H« . 53 cm Jm|S mIoarOdi {_iVmo.
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darcn¡H s H mhr amîQ´ r` _hm_mJ© Ago AmhoV H s Vo _hmamîQ´ mV gwê hmoVmV d _hmamîQ´ mVM g§nVmV. CXmhaUmW©– amîQ´ r` _hm_mJ©
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{Oëhm AmTiUmè`m Am{Xdmgr O_mVr
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(1) JS{Mamocr hi~m, H mo`m, _m{S`m Jm|S
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(2) M§Ðnya hi~m, _m{S`m Jm|S , H mo`m
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(3) Jm|{X`m Jm|S
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(4) ^§S mam Jm|S
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(5) ZmJnya WmoS çm à_mUmV Jm|S hr O_mV
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(6) dYm© Jm|S
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(7) `dV_mi Jm|S
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(8) A_amdVr Jm|S , H moaHy d TmUH m
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(9) AH mocm H moaHy , Jm|S d TmUH m
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(10) ~wcTmUm Jm|S , H moaHy d TmUH m
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(11) Zm§XoS Jm|S
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(12) qhJmocr Jm|S
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(13) Z§Xþa~ma {^ëc, nmaYr d Jmo{_V
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(14) Ywio {^ëc d Jmo{_V
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(15) OiJmd {^ëc
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(16) nwUo H mVH ar, _hmXod H moir d RmH a
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(17) Ah_XZJa H mVH ar, RmH a d _hmXod H moir
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(18) Zm{eH H mVH ar, RmH a d _hmXod H moir
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(19) nmcKa dmacr, nmaYr, _hmXod H moir, Jm|S , RmH a, {^ëc,
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H mVH ar, _ëhma H moir, H mWmoS r, Xþ~im, Ym|{S`m
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(20) RmUo dmacr, nmaYr, _hmXod H moir, Jm|S , RmH a, {^ëc,
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H mVH ar, _ëhma H moir, H mWmoS r, Xþ~im, Ym|{S`m
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(21) am`JS H mVH ar, RmH a d dmacr
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(g§X^© : _hmamîQ´ mMm ^yJmoc, àm. Ho . E. IVr~
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (~{Îmgmdr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« . 326 Vo 329)

25. Imcrc {dYmZm§Mm {dMma H am.
(1) gwdU© MVw^w©O _mJ© {Xëcr, _w§~B©, ~|Jiwê d H mocH mVm `m à_wI eham§Zm OmoS Vmo.
(2) CÎma-X{jU H m°[aSm°a (_mJ©) h¡Xam~mX_YyZ OmVmo.
darcn¡H s H moUVo {dYmZ/{dYmZo ~amo~a Amho/AmhoV?
(A) \ ŠV 1 (~) \ ŠV 2 (H ) 1 d 2 XmoÝhr (S) 1 d 2 XmoÝhr ZmhrV.
hm àíZ Am`moJmZo aÔ Ho cm Agcm Var `m àíZmÀ`m AZwf§JmZo Imcrc _m{hVr XoV AmhmoV. amîQ´r` _hm_mJ© {dH mg
(Mm¡nXar-ghmnXarH aU) àH ënmMo "gwdU© MVwîH moZ' (Golden Quadrilateral) Am{U "CÎma-X{jU d nyd©-npíM_ {Xem gm§YUmam
_hm_mJ©' (North-South and East-West Corridor) Ago XmoZ ^mJ nmSÊ`mV Amco AmhoV. Ë`m§n¡H s "gwdU© MVwîH moZ' hm
^mJ qH dm àH ën-Qßnm 5,846 {H . _r. cm§~rMm AgyZ "CÎma-X{jU Am{U nyd©-npíM_ {Xem gm§YUmam _hm_mJ©' hm Qßnm
7,300 {H . _r. cm§~rMm Amho.
XoemVrc Xhm amÁ`m§VyZ àdmg H aUmè`m gwdU© MVwîH moZ _hm_mJm©Zo {Xëcr, _w§~B©, MoÞB© d H mocH mVm hr _hmZJao OmoS cr
Jocr AgyZ CÎma-X{jU {Xem gm§YUmè`m "Zm°W©-gmD W H m°[aSm°a'Zo X{jUoH Src H Ý`mHw _mar (V{_iZmSy ) d CÎmaoH Src lrZJa
(Oå_y-H mí_ra) hr XmoZ XÿañW ehao qH ~hþZm, XoemMr XmoZ QmoHo OmoS cr Jocr AmhoV; Va nyd©-npíM_ {Xem gm§YUmè`m
"B©ñQ-doñQ H m°[aSm°a'Zo nyd}H Src {gëMa (Amgm_) d npíM_oH Src nmoa~§Xa (JwOamV) hr XmoZ XÿañW ehao OmoS cr AmhoV.
(g§X^© : ^maVmMm ^yJmoc, Sm°. A{ZéÕ
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (AH amdr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« . 329)
26. H¡ _yaÀ`m QoH Sçm Imcrcn¡H s H moUË`m nd©Vam§Jm§V AmhoV?
(A) qdÜ` am§Jm (~) gmVnwS m am§Jm (H ) H mamH moa_ am§Jm (S) H moëcr am§Jm
qdÜ` nd©Vam§J : `m nd©Vam§JoZo X{jU _w»`^y_rnmgyZ CÎma ^maV doJim Ho cm Amho.
hr nd©Vam§J dmcwH mí_, _¥Xÿ XJS d ŠdmQ©PmBQZo ~Zcr Amho.
`m nd©Vam§JoMm npíM_ ^mJ _w»`V: ~ogm°ëQZo ~Zcm Amho.
CÎma d X{jU ^maVmMm Z¡g{J©H OcXþ^mOH åhUyZ H m`© H aUmar Z_©Xm ZXr `m nd©Vam§JoÀ`m X{jUocm IMXarVyZ dmhVo.
`m am§JoÀ`m nyd}H Src ^mJmV "^maZoa' d "H¡ _yaÀ`m' QoH Sçm AmhoV. H mhr {RH mUr qdÜ`-H¡ _ya QoH Sçm§Mr C§Mr 610
_rQanojm OmñV Amho.
(g§X^© : ^maVmMm ^yJmoc, Sm°. A{ZéÕ
(1) KSrÀ`m nd©Vm§V {d{dY àH maÀ`m ISH m§Mr g§aMZm AgVo Am{U Imoc Xè`m d C§M e§Hy AmH mamMr {eIao AgVmV.
(2) KSrÀ`m nd©Vm§Mr {Z{_©Vr QoÝgmB©c \ mog}g_wio hmoVo.
darcn¡H s H moUVo {dYmZ/{dYmZo ~amo~a Amho/AmhoV?
(A) \ ŠV 1 (~) \ ŠV 2 (H ) 1 Am{U 2 XmoÝhr (S) 1 d 2 XmoÝhrhr ZmhrV.
KSrMo nd©V
n¥ÏdrÀ`m A§VJ©V àoaUo_wio nd©V{Z_m©UH mar hmcMmcr hmoD Z `m hmcMmct_wio n¥ÏdrÀ`m _¥Xÿ ISH mcm {Za{Zamiçm diçm
qH dm KSçm nSVmV. Aem arVrZo KSrÀ`m nd©Vm§Mr (Fold Mountains) {Z{_©Vr hmoVo. Aem àH maÀ`m KSrÀ`m nd©Vm§Mo à_mU
n¥Ïdrda gdmªV OmñV Amho. {h_mc`, Amëßg, am°H s, A°nco{e`Z, noZmB©Z hr gd© KSrÀ`m nd©Vm§Mr CXmhaUo hmoV. `m§_Üò Imcrc
d¡{eîQço àm_w»`mZo AmTiVmV.
(1) n¥Ïdrdarc gd© KSrMo nd©V ñV[aV ISH m§Zm diçm nSy Z {Z_m©U Pmco AmhoV.
(2) `m gd© nd©Vm§_Üò àmÊ`m§Mo d dZñnVtMo Adeof (Fossils) AmTiVmV.
(3) `m gd© nd©Vm§Vrc ISH m§Mo Wa 300 _rQa qH dm Ë`mhrnojm OmñV é§XrMo AgVmV.
(4) `m nd©Vm§Mr cm§~r A{YH AgyZ Ë`m_mZmZo é§Xr H _r Amho.
(g§X^© : àmH¥ {VH ^y-{dkmZ/àm. gw. à. XmVo, àm. g§OrdZr XmVo
A{ZéÕ npãcqeJ hmD g, (nmMdr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« . 265)
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OmoS çm cmdm.
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{Oëho gmjaVm (QŠŠ`m§_Üò)
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(`) Ywio (1) 72.8
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(a) ZmJnya (2) 88.4
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(c) Z§Xþa~ma (3) 64.4
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(d) A_amdVr (4) 87.4
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(A) `-1, a-4, c-3, d-2 (~) `-2, a-4, c-1, d-3
(H ) `-1, a-2, c-3, d-4 (S) `-4, a-2, c-3, d-1
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A. H« . {Oëhm gmjaVm (QŠHo ) A. H« . {Oëhm gmjaVm (QŠHo )
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(1) _w§~B© eha 89.21 (2) _w§~B© CnZJa 89.91
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(3) RmUo ({d^mOZnyd©) 84.53 (4) am`JS 83.14
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(5) aËZm{Jar 82.18 (6) qgYwXþJ© 85.56
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(7) Zm{eH 82.31 (8) Ah_XZJa 79.05
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(9) Ywio 72.80 (10) Z§Xþa~ma 64.38
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(11) OiJmd 78.20 (12) nwUo 86.15
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(13) gmVmam 82.87 (14) gm§Jcr 81.48
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(15) H moëhmnya 81.51 (16) gmocmnya 77.02
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(17) Am¡a§Jm~mX 79.02 (18) OmcZm 71.52
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(19) naÛr 73.34 (20) qhJmocr 78.17
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(21) Zm§XoS 75.45 (22) cmVya 77.26
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(23) Cñ_mZm~mX 78.44 (24) ~rS 76.99
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(25) A_amdVr 87.38 (26) ~wcTmUm 83.40
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(27) AH mocm 88.05 (28) dm{e_ 83.25
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(29) `dV_mi 82.82 (30) ZmJnya 88.39
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(31) dYm© 86.99 (32) ^§S mam 83.76
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(33) Jmo§{X`m 84.95 (34) M§Ðnya 80.01
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(35) JS{Mamocr 74.36
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(g§X^© : _hmamîQ´ mMm ^yJmoc, àm. Ho . E. IVr~
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (~{Îmgmdr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« . 300 Vo 301)
29. Imcrc {dYmZo {dMmamV ¿`m.
(1) CÎma A_o[aH m _wŠV ì`mnma H ama (NAFTA) 1994 _Üò ApñVËdmV Amcm.
(2) \« mÝg hm NAFTA À`m g§ñWmnH gXñ`m§n¡H s EH hmoVm.
darcn¡H s H moUVo {dYmZ/{dYmZo MyH Amho/AmhoV?
(A) \ ŠV 1 (~) \ ŠV 2
(H ) 1 Am{U 2 XmoÝhr (S) 1 Am{U 2 XmoÝhrhr ZmhrV.
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) ñWmnZm … 1 OmZodmar, 1994 gXñ` Xoe H° ZSm, _opŠgH mo,
A_o[aH m, ZmâVm ho _wŠV ì`mnma joÌ Amho.
30. {dfwdd¥Îmr` gXmh[aV O§Jcmg§~§Yr Imcrcn¡H s H moUVo d¡{eîQç ~amo~a Amho?
(1) AË`§V XmQ AmhoV. (2) dm{f©H nmZJi hmoVo.
(3) cmHy S QUH Am{U {QH mD Amho. (4) EH mM àH maÀ`m d¥jm§Mr ZgVmV.
(A) \ ŠV 1 (~) \ ŠV 1, 3 Am{U 4
(H ) \ ŠV 3 (S) \ ŠV 2 Am{U 3
CîUH {Q~§Yr` AmÐ© gXmh[aV dZo : hr dZo dm{f©H nO©Ý`_mZ 250 g|_r. nojm OmñV AgUmè`m àXoemV AmTiVmV.
hr dZo npíM_ KmQmV 900 _r nojm ImcÀ`m ^mJmV AmTiVmV. V{_iZmSy , H Zm©Q H , Ho ai, Cnnd©Vr` npíM_ ~§Jmc,
Amo{SemMm {H Zmar ^mJ, A§X_mZ-{ZH mo~ma ~oQ o d B©emÝòH Src àXoemV hr dZo {dIwacocr AmhoV. `m dZm§Vrc dZñnVtMr
aMZm VrZ-Mma _Oë`m§gmaIr AgVo. VgoM `m dZm§Vrc dZñnVtMr nmZJi hmoV Zmhr. `m dZm§Vrc cmHy S _w»`V: QUH
AgVo. CXmhaUmW©– amoPdyS , Q|^wUu, _hmoJZr, A~²Zyg, ~m§~y, a~a, qgH moZm, M§XZ BË`mXr.
(g§X^© : ^maVmMm ^yJmoc - Sm°. A{ZéÕ
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OmoS çm cmdm.
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JQ A
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JQ ~
(`) E_AmaQrnr H m`Xm (1) 2002
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(a) ñnYm© H m`Xm (2) 1969
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(3) njnmVr ì`mnma àWm§Zm ~§Xr
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(4) ñnYm©{df`H JwÝho `m§Mr ì`m»`m {Xcr
(A) ` - 2 Am{U 3; a - 1 Am{U 4 (~) ` - 2 Am{U 4; a - 1 Am{U 3
(H ) ` - 1 Am{U 3; a - 2 Am{U 4 (S) ` - 1 Am{U 4; a - 2 Am{U 3
(1) _ŠVoXmar Am{U ì`mnma à{V~§YH A{Y{Z`_, 1969 : `m H m`ÚmMr {Z{_©Vr ^maVr` amÁ`KQZoÀ`m _mJ©Xe©H
VÎdm§VyZ Pmcr Amho. _ŠVoXmar Am{U ì`mnma à{V~§YH A{Y{Z`_mMm _w»` hoVy XoemVrc _moOŠ`mM cmoH m§H So hmoUmè`m g§nÎmrÀ`m
H| ÐrH aUmda {Z`§ÌU RodUo hm Amho. gßQ|~a, 2009 _Üò hm H m`Xm {Zam{gV Ho cm Jocm AgyZ Ë`mÀ`m OmJr ñnYm© H m`Xm, 2002
(The Competition Act, 2002) cmJy H aÊ`mV Amcm Amho.
(2) ñnYm© H m`Xm, 2002 : hm H m`Xm ^maVr` g§gXoÛmam A{Y{Z`{_V H aÊ`mV Amcm Amho. Vmo OwÝ`m _ŠVoXmar Am{U
ì`mnma à{V~§YH A{Y{Z`_, 1969 EodOr nm[aV H aÊ`mV Amcm Amho. `m H m`ÚmÛmao ñnYm© Am`moJmMr VaVyX H aÊ`mV Amcr Amho.

hm ñnYm© Am`moJ Iwë`m ñnY}da n[aUm_ H aUmè`m KQH m§Zm Amim KmcÊ`mMo H m`© H aVmo. hm H m`Xm Oå_y Am{U H mí_ra dJiVm
g§nyU© ^maVmg cmJy Amho.
emgZmH Sy Z ~mOmamV Ho ë`m OmUmè`m JaOonojm OmñV hñVjonmg Amim KmcUo, EImÚm CÚmoJmH Sy Z ñnY}À`m {déÕ Ho ë`m
OmUmè`m H¥ Vrg à{V~§Y H aUo, ñnYm© QmiÊ`mMr H¥ Vr H aUmè`m AWdm Iwë`m ñnY}g à{VHy c RaVrc Aem H¥ Vr H aUmè`m
CÚmoJm§{déÕ `mo½` Vr Cnm``moOZm H aUo hr H m_o `m Am`moJmH Sy Z Ho cr OmVmV. Ed_², Iwë`m ñnY}g nmofH n[apñWVr {Z_m©U
H aÊ`mMo H m`© `m Am`moJmH Sy Z Ho co OmVo.
`m H m`Úm_Üò gZ 2007 d gZ 2009 _Üò gwYmaUm H aÊ`mV Amë`m AmhoV.
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (EŠ`mE|erdr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« . 352-353)
32. gZ 2008-09 dfm©er VwcZm Ho cr AgVm 2012-13 _Üò ^maVmVrc 2004-05 À`m {H _Vrda AmYm[aV dmñVd ñWyc
Xoem§VJ©V CËnmXZmVrc {d{dY joÌm§À`m dmQçmVrc àd¥Îmr (H c) Imcrcà_mUo {XgyZ òVmo.
(1) H¥ fr joÌmÀ`m dmQçmV ({hñgm) KQ Pmcr.
(2) CÚmoJ joÌmÀ`m dmQçmV dmT Pmcr.
(3) godm joÌmÀ`m dmQçmV dmT Pmcr.
darcn¡H s H moUVo {dYmZ/{dYmZo ~amo~a AmhoV?
(A) \ ŠV 1 (~) \ ŠV 2 Am{U 3 (H ) \ ŠV 1 Am{U 3 (S) 1, 2 Am{U 3
`m àíZmÀ`m ñnîQrH aUmgmRr `mM nwñVH mVrc {dH« sH a {ZarjH nyd© narjm {Sg|~a, 2013 `m àíZn{ÌHo Vrc àíZ
H« _m§H 68 Mo ñnîQrH aU Aä`mgm.
33. _mZdr {dH mg {ZX}em§H hm `mVrc gamgar èmMo _mnZ H aVmo.
(1) XrK© Am{U {ZamoJr Am`wî`.
(2) àm¡T gmjaVoÀ`m g§X^m©Vrc kmZ
(3) Xm[aÐç aofoImcrc cmoH g§»òMr QŠHo dmar
(A) darc gd© 1, 2 Am{U 3 (~) \ ŠV 1 Am{U 3
(H ) \ ŠV 2 Am{U 3 (S) \ ŠV 1 Am{U 2
_mZd {dH mg {ZX}em§H hm XoemÀ`m EH§ XarV {dH mgmda Ra{dcm OmVmo. ZwgË`m XoemÀ`m Am{W©H dmTrdê Z Vmo Ra{dcm
OmV Zmhr. _mZd {dH mg {ZX}em§H Ra{dÊ`mgmRr Imcrc VrZ ~m~tMm {dMma Ho cm OmVmo.
(1) Amamo½` : OÝ_mÀ`m doiMo Am`w_m©Z
(2) {ejU : (1) 25 d Ë`mnojm OmñV d`mÀ`m `wdH m§_Yrc emco` {ejUmMr gamgar df}
(2) ~mcH m_Yrc Ano{jV emco` {ejUmMr df}
(3) CËnÞ : XaSmoB© ñWyc amîQ´ r` CËnÞ
gZ 1986 nmgyZ àËòH$ dfu n{hë`m òUmè`m {dÚmÏ`m©Zo AZ²

AmO A{YH$ mar Agcoë`m àËòH$ mZ§ Aä`mgc§` Ho$'gmJa! 'K sagar
_mZd {dH mg {ZX}em§H
XrK© Am{U kmZ gä`
n[a_mUo u
Amamo½`nyU© OrdZ amhUr_mZ
OÝ_mÀ`m doiMo {ejUmMr {ejUmMr XaSmoB© ñWyc

{ZX}eH u
Am`w_m©Z gamgar df} Ano{jV df} amîQ´ r` CËnÞ
v v v
AmH ma_mZ u
Am`w_m©Z {ejU {ZX}em§H ñWyc amîQ´ r`
{ZX}em§H {ZX}em§H CËnÞ {ZX}em§H
v
_mZd {dH mg {ZX}em§H
(HDI)
34. Imcrcn¡H s H moUVo {dYmZ `mo½` Amho?
(1) gZ 2011-12 _Üò ñWyc Xoem§VJ©V CËnmXZmVrc godm joÌmMm {hñgm 59 QŠHo EdTm hmoVm.
(2) XiUdiU, ì`mdgm{`H godm Am{U {dÎm `m§V CÀM d¥{ÕXa AmTiyZ Amcm Amho.
(A) \ ŠV 1 ~amo~a Amho. (~) \ ŠV 2 ~amo~a Amho.
(H ) 1 Am{U 2 XmoÝhr ~amo~a AmhoV. (S) 1 Am{U 2 XmoÝhr MyH AmhoV.
^maVmÀ`m godm joÌmV ì`mnma, hm°Q oc d aoñQm°a§Q , dmhVyH , gmRdUyH Am{U XiUdiU, {dÎmnwadRm, {d_m, ñWmda _mc_Îmm
([aAc BñQoQ ), ì`dgm` godm; gm_wXm{`H , gm_m{OH d d¡`pŠVH godm Am{U ~m§YH m_mg§~§{YV godm Aem ZmZm{dY Am{W©H
{H« `m§Mm g_mdoe Amho.
àmW{_H Zm|Xr
(1) ^maVmÀ`m ñWyc _yë`d¥Õr _Üò godm joÌmMm dmQm gdm©{YH 55.2 QŠHo BVH m Amho.
(2) OJmVrc 15 erf©ñW AW©ì`dñWm§Mm {dMma H aVm, EHy U ñWyc Xoem§VJ©V CËnmXZmÀ`m ~m~VrV gZ 2006 _Üò
^maV 14 ì`m H« _m§H mda hmoVm. Vmo gZ 2016 _Üò 7 ì`m H« _m§H mda Amcm Amho.
(3) gZ 2006 Vo 2016 Xaå`mZ ñWyc _yë`d¥Õr_Yrc godmjoÌmÀ`m dmQçmVrc dmT cjmV KoVm MrZ_Üò gdm©{YH
dmT KSy Z Amcr. Ë`mZ§Va ^maV d ñnoZ ho AZwH« _o Xþgè`m d {Vgè`m H« _m§H mda hmoVo.
(4) gZ 2016 _Üò godmjoÌmÀ`m ñWyc _yë`d¥Õr_Yrc dmTrMm Xa (pñWa {H _VrZwgma) ^maVmV gdm©{YH 7.8 QŠHo
BVH m hmoVm. Ë`mZ§Va MrZMm (7.4 QŠHo ) H« _m§H hmoVm.
(5) "Am§VaamîQ´ r` H m_Jma g§KQZo'À`m A§XmOmZwgma, 2016 _Üò erf©ñW 15 Xoem§Mm {dMma H aVm, ^maV d MrZ
dJiVm AÞ gd© XoemV EHy U amoOJmamV XmoZ-V¥Vr`m§emhÿZ A{YH dmQm godm joÌmMm Amho. ^maVmMm dmQm gdmªV H _r 30.6
QŠHo BVH m hmoVm.
(g§X^© : ^maVmMr d _hmamîQ´ mMr Am{W©H nmhUr - {dZm`H Km`mi
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35. (1) àYmZ_§Ìr amoOJma {Z_m©U H m`©H« _ (PMEGP) Am°JñQ, 2008 _Üò gwê H aÊ`mV Amcm.
(2) PMEGP A§VJ©V J«m_rU/ehar ^mJmV gyú_ CÚmoJ ñWmnZ H aÊ`mMm hoVy hmoVm.
(3) àYmZ_§Ìr amoOJma `moOZm (PMRY) hr PMEGP _Üò {dcrZ Ho cr Jocr.
(A) \ ŠV 1 ~amo~a Amho. (~) \ ŠV 1 Am{U 2 ~amo~a AmhoV.
(H ) \ ŠV 3 ~amo~a Amho. (S) 1, 2 Am{U 3 gd© ~amo~a AmhoV.
36. "amÁ` ì`mnma _hm_§S i' nwT rcn¡H s H moUVo H m`© H arV Zmhr?
(1) {Z`m©V-`mo½` dñVyÀ`m CËnmXZmV dmT KSdyZ AmUUo.
(2) nma§n[aH dñVyÀ`m {Z`m©Vrg àmoËgmhZ XoUo.
(3) Anma§n[aH dñVyÀ`m {Z`m©Vrg àmoËgmhZ XoUo.
(4) darcn¡H s H moUVohr Zmhr.
(A) \ ŠV 1 Am{U 2 (~) \ ŠV 2 (H ) \ ŠV 1 Am{U 3 (S) \ ŠV 4
hm àíZ Am`moJmZo aÔ Ho cm Amho.
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OmoS çm cmdm.
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JQ "A' JQ "~'
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(`) J°Q
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(a) Cé½do \o ar
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(c) S§Ho c àñVmd (3) 1948
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(d) {díd ì`mnma g§KQZm (4) 1995
(A) `-3, a-1, c-2, d-4 (~) `-3, a-1, c-4, d-2
(H ) `-3, a-2, c-4, d-1 (S) `-4, a-3, c-2, d-1
(1) B. g. 1948 _Üò Or{Zìhm òWo "J°Q 'Mr (General Agreement on Tariff and Trade) ñWmnZm H aÊ`mV Amcr.
J°Q À`m ñWmnZoMo _w»` CÔoe gd© gXñ` amîQ´ m§Mm {dH mg gmYÊ`mgmRr Am§VaamîQ´ r` ì`mnmamcm MmcZm XoUo d `mgmRr Am§VaamîQ´ r`
ì`mnmamdarc {Z~ªY Xÿa H ê Z Vmo _wŠV ~Z{dUo hm hmoVm.
(2) J°Q À`m ì`mnma{df`H MM}Mr AmRdr \o ar gZ 1986 _Üò gwê Pmcr. hr "\o ar Cé½do' \o ar åhUyZ {deof à{gÕ Amho.
`mdoion`ªV J°Q Mr ñWmnZm hmoD Z gw_mao Mmirg dfmªMm H mcmdYr cmoQ cm hmoVm. `m H mcmdYrV Am§VaamîQ´ r` ì`mnmamÀ`m ñdê nmV
~aoM ~Xc Pmco hmoVo. Am§VaamîQ´ r` ì`mnmamMo ho ~XcVo ñdê n cjmV KoVm J°Q À`m MM}Mr AmRdr \o ar A{YH ì`mnH ~Z{dÊ`mMm
{ZU©` KoVcm Jocm. `m AmRì`m \o arV dñVy§À`m ì`mnmamÀ`m CXmarH aUmÀ`m OmoS rZo godm§À`m ì`mnmamMo CXmarH aU, ~m¡{ÕH g§nXm
hŠH , ì`mnmamer g§~§{YV Jw§VdUwH sMr gmYZo BË`mXr {df`hr MM}gmRr KoÊ`mV Amco.
(3) S§H c àñVmd : J°Q Mr AmRdr n[afX (Cé½do amD§ S) Odi-Odi AmR df} (1986 Vo 1994) Mmcy am{hcr. `m_mJrc
_w»` H maU gXñ` amîQ´ m§Vrc _VôX ho hmoVo; d Vo Xÿa H aÊ`mgmRr J°Q Mo Ë`m doiMo _hmg§MmcH Am°W©a S§H c `m§Zr EH àñVmd
V`ma H ê Z Vmo gXñàm§îQ´ mnwT o {dMmamgmRr Rodcm. `m àñVmdmcm "S§H c àñVmd' åhUyZ AmoiIco OmVo.
(4) OmJ{VH ì`mnma g§KQZm (WTO) : Cé½do \o arÀ`m MM}A§Vr g§_V Pmcoë`m A§{V_ _gwÚmV OmJ{VH ì`mnma g§KQZm
ñWmnZ H aÊ`mg§~§Yr VaVyX hmoVr. Ë`mZwgma 1 OmZodmar, 1995 amoOr OmJ{VH ì`mnma g§KQZoMr ñWmnZm H aÊ`mV Amcr. ^maV hm
`m g§KQZoMm g§ñWmnH gXñ` Amho.
(g§X^© : Am{W©H gwYmaUm d H m`Xo - Ho 'gmJa/`moJoe ZoVZH a
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (Mm¡Wr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« . 77-78)
38. H _mc O_rZ YmaUm H m`Xm XmoZ Qßß`m§_Üò cmJy H aÊ`mV Amcm.
(A) 1961 n`ªV d 1962 Z§Va (~) 1971 n`ªV d 1972 Z§Va
(H ) 1972 n`ªV d 1972 Z§Va (S) 1982 n`ªV d 1982 Z§Va
^y-A{YH ma{df`H gwYmaUm§À`m C{ÔîQm§_Üò EH à_wI C{ÔîQ åhUOo J«m_rU ^mJmVrc CËnÞmVrc {df_Vm H _r H aUo ho EH
hmo`. `mgmRr O_rZ-YmaUm joÌmda H _mc _`m©Xm KmcUo (Ceiling on Land Holdings) ho AmoKmZoM òVo. XoemVrc ~hþVoH gd©
amÁ`m§VyZ O_rZ-YmaUodarc H _mc _`m©Xog§X^m©V H m`Xo H aÊ`mV Amco AmhoV. gZ 1972 nydu ho H _mc _`m©XmjoÌ ~aoM _moR o hmoVo.
{edm` hr H _mc _`m©Xm ì`pŠVJV ImVoXmamgmRr KmVcocr hmoVr, Hw Qw §~mgmRr ZìhVr. AZoH àH maÀ`m O{_Zr `m H m`Úm§VyZ
dJiÊ`mV Amë`m hmoË`m; Ë`m_wio H m`Xm H ê Zhr \ maM WmoS r O_rZ A{V[aŠV åhUyZ CncãY hmoD eH cr.
_Ü`dVu ^y-A{YH ma gwYmaUm g{_VrZo Am°JñQ, 1972 _Üò `mg§~§Yr EH Ahdmc V`ma Ho cm. Ë`mV KQH amÁ`m§Zm _mJ©Xe©Z
H aÊ`mV Amco H s, Ë`m§Zr H _mc _`m©Xm H m`ÚmV `mo½` Vo ~Xc H ê Z H _mc _`m©Xm-joÌ Imcr AmUmdo. H m`ÚmV Ë`mZ§Va ~Xc
H aÊ`mV Amco.
Ë`m_wioM H _mc O_rZ YmaUm H m`ÚmMo XmoZ Qßno nSVmV. 1972 n`ªV n{hcm d 1972 Z§Va Xþgam Qßnm.
(g§X^© : H¥ {f {df` - Ho 'gmJa
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (gmRmdr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« . 215-216)
(1) WoQ H a g§{hVm Am{U dñVy d godm H am§Mr gwédmV.
(2) H a MwH do{Jar {damoYmVrc gmYmaU {Z`_m§~m~V ñnîQ YmoaU.
(3) {dÎmr` gd©g_mdoeH Vo~m~VMr g{_Vr.
(A) 1 Am{U 2 `m 3 Zo gwM{dcoë`m H a gwYmaUm AmhoV.(~) \ ŠV 1 hr àñVm{dV H a gwYmaUm Amho.
(H ) \ ŠV 2 hr àñVm{dV H a gwYmaUm Amho. (S) 1 Am{U 2 `m 3 Zo gwM{dë`m ZmhrV.
(1) ^maV gaH maÀ`m AW©_§Ìmc`mÛmam ñWmnZ Ho coë`m {dO` Ho iH a `m§À`m AÜ`jVoImcrc H¥ Vr XcmZo àË`j H a
g§{hVm Am{U dñVy d godm H am§Mr gwédmV H aÊ`mMr {e\ mag Ho cr hmoVr.
Ë`mZwgma gÜ`m ApñVËdmV Agcoë`m Am`H a H m`Xm, 1961 Mr OmJm àñVm{dV àË`j H a g§{hVm KoUma Amho. gZ 2010-
11 À`m nmdgmir A{YdoeZmV àË`j H a g§{hVm {dYo`H _m§S co Joco hmooVo. {dYo`H AÚmn g§_V Pmcoco Zmhr.
8 gßQ|~a, 2016 amoOr OrEgQr {dYo`H mcm amîQ´ nVtMr g§_Vr {_imë`m_wio OrEgQrMr A§_c~OmdUr H aÊ`mMm _mJ© gwH a
Pmcm Amho.
(2) {dÎmr` g_mdoeZm~m~VMr g{_Vr gr. a§JamOZ `m§À`m AÜ`jVoImcr 2006 _Üò ñWmnZ H aÊ`mV Amcr hmoVr.
40. VwQ rMm AW©âUm H aÊ`mMo Imcrcn¡H s H moUVo AmYw{ZH C{ÔîQ Zmhr?
(A) Am{W©H {dH mgmgmRr {dÎmì`dñWm H aUo. (~) {Z`moOZmgmRr ^m§S dc nwa{dUo.
(H ) AW©ì`dñWocm _§XrVyZ ~mhoa H mTUo. (S) {dH mg`moOZogmRr {dÎm nwadRm H aUo.
VwQ rÀ`m AW©âÊ`mÀ`m nÕVrÀ`m g_W©ZmW© Ago gm§{JVco OmVo H s, ^maVmgma»`m A{dH {gV AW©ì`dñWoÀ`m XoemVyZ gd©
_mJmªZr n¡gm C^m H ê Zhr AW©ì`dñWoMr, IMm©Mr JaO ^mJV Zgoc Va Aem Xoemg_moa VwQ rMm AW©âUm H ê Z hr JaO nwar
H aÊ`m{edm` AÝ` n`m©` {eëcH amhV Zmhr. AJmoXaM àM§S à_mUmda H a ~g{dcoco Agë`mZo Ë`m§_Üò AmUIr dmT H aUo
OZVog OmMH RaVo, VgoM Agø H admTr_wio H a ~wS {dÊ`mMr àd¥Îmr dmTy Z Vrhr eodQr AW©ì`dñWog KmVH M RaVo. H Om©À`m
_mJm©Zo n¡gm C^m H aUo hohr ^maVmgma»`m A{dH {gV amîQ´ mg nadSUmao ZgVo; H maU Ë`m_wio AJmoXaM VwQ rÀ`m Agcoë`m
AW©ì`dñWog nwÝhm H OmªÀ`m hßË`m§Mm d Ë`mdarc ì`mOmMm \ QH m ghZ H amdm cmJVmo. `m gd© ~m~tMm {dMma H ê Z McZdmTrMm
d n`m©`mZo qH _VdmTrMm YmoH m nËH ê Zhr VwQ rÀ`m AW©âÊ`mMm _mJ© ñdrH maUo gmo`rMo RaVo. VwQ rÀ`m `m AW©âÊ`m~amo~a
A{V[aŠV IaoXreŠVrda {Z`§ÌU RodÊ`mMo _mJ© ñdrH maë`mg qH _VdmTrda Vm~m RodVm òVmo.
(g§X^© : PST-STI-ASO nyd© narjm - Ho 'gmJa
41. l{_H mMr "eyÝ` gr_m§V CËnmXH Vm' åhUOo ....
(A) Vm§{ÌH ~oH mar (~) Nw nr ~oH mar (H ) AY© ~oH mar (S) h§Jm_r ~oH mar
`m àH maÀ`m ~oamoOJmarg "~ma_mhr Ý`yZ amoOJma' qH dm "ì`mnH àÀNÞ ~oamoOJmar' Agohr åhQco OmVo. AÑí` ~oamoOJmarg
B§J«Or_Üò "Disguised unemployment', "Hidden unemployment' qH dm "Latent unemployment' `m g§km§Zr AmoiIco OmVo.
Aem àH maÀ`m ~oamoOJmarV cmoH gd©gmYmaUnUo amoOJmarV Jw§Vcoco AmTiVmV. Vo ~oamoOJma Agë`mMo {XgyZ òV Zmhr; na§Vw Ë`m§À`m
dmQçmg Amcoco H m_ Ë`m§À`m H m_ H aÊ`mÀ`m j_Vonojm {H VrVar nQrZo H _r AgVo. WmoS Š`mV åhUOo, Aem àH maÀ`m ~oamoOJmarV
cmoH H m_ H aVmZm {XgVmV; na§Vw Ë`m§Zm nwaogo H m_ ZgVo. CXmhaUmW©– eoVrMo Oo joÌ EH ì`ŠVr Amnë`m j_VoMm nwaonya dmna
H ê Z {nH dy eH Vo, VoM joÌ Mma ^mdm§Zr {_iyZ {nH {dUo. Aem {RH mUr VrZ ì`ŠVr AàË`jarË`m ~oamoOJma AgVmV qH dm `m
Mmahr ì`ŠVr AÑí` ~oamoOJmarÀ`m H _r-A{YH à_mUmV ~ir AgVmV. Aem àH maMr ~oamoOJmar H m`_ñdê nr àH maMr AgVo.
42. nwT rc {dYmZm§Mm {dMma H am.
(1) Zdo Am¡Úmo{JH YmoaU 24 Owc¡, 1991 amoOr Omhra Ho co Joco.
(2) gmd©O{ZH joÌmVrc CÚmoJm§gmRr {ZJwªVdUwH sMo YmoaU ñdrH maÊ`mV Amco.
(A) 1 ~amo~a Va 2 MyH Amho. (~) 1 ho YmoaU Va 2 hm Ë`mMm n[aUm_ Amho.
(H ) 2 ~amo~a Va 1 MyH Amho. (S) 1 Am{U 2 ho EH _oH m§er g§~§{YV ZmhrV.
24 Owc¡, 1991 amoOr Omhra H aÊ`mV Amcoë`m Am¡Úmo{JH YmoaUmZwgma H| Ðr` gmd©O{ZH CÚmoJm§_Üò {ZJwªVdUwH sMm nm`m
KmVcm Jocm. `m YmoaUmZwgma 1991-92 _Üò H| Ðr` gmd©O{ZH CÚmoJm§À`m AË`ën ^mJm§Mr {dH« s EcAm`gr, OrAm`gr Am{U
`wQ rAm` gma»`m {dÎmr` g§ñWm§Zm H aÊ`mV Amcr. Ë`mZ§Va E{àc, 1993 _Üò a§JamOZ g{_VrZo Aer {e\ mag Ho cr H s,
gmd©O{ZH joÌmgmRr Ama{jV CÚmoJmVyZ hmoUmar {ZJwªVdUyH 49 QŠŠ`m§nojm H _r Agmdr.
gZ 1999-2000 n`ªV {ZJwªVdUyH _w»`V: NmoQ çm ^mJmV Aën {hñgm {dHy ZM Ho cr OmV hmoVr. 1999-2000 nmgyZ
2003-2004 n`ªV {ZJwªVdUwH sV ì`yhmË_H {dH« sda Omoa dmTdÊ`mV Amcm. _mÌ 2004-2005 nmgyZ NmoQ çm à_mUmV ^mJ
{dH« sÀ`m _mÜ`_mVyZ {ZJwªVdUyH Ho cr OmV Amho.
cm^YmaH H| Ðr` gmd©O{ZH CÚmoJm§Mo eoAg© amoIo ~mOmamV gyMr~Õ Ho ë`m_wio {ZpíMV \ m`Xm hmoVmo; H maU Ë`m_wio H| Ðr`
gmd©O{ZH CÚmoJmVrc àemgZ gwYmaÊ`mgmRr ~hþñVar` {ZJamUr àUmcrg àma§^ hmoVmo. ^m§S dc ~mOmamÀ`m _mÜ`_mVyZ g§ñWm àmßV
H aÊ`mg H| Ðr` gmd©O{ZH CÚmoJmcm dmd {_iVmo.
43. "Xm[aÐçê nr g_wÐmÀ`m ~oQ mda AmnU AmZ§XmZo OJy eH V Zmhr' ho nwT rcn¡H s H moUmMo _V Amho?
(1) ñdm_r {ddoH mZ§X (2) gmo{Z`m Jm§Yr (3) E_. Eg. ñdm{_ZmWZ (4) Sm°. ìhr. E_. Xm§S oH a
(A) \ ŠV 1 (~) \ ŠV 2 Am{U 3 (H ) \ ŠV 3 (S) \ ŠV 3 Am{U 4
44. gZ 2013-14 À`m ^maVmÀ`m AW©g§H ënr` A§XmOmà_mUo EHy U amOH mofr` VyQ ñWyc amîQ´ r` CËnmXZmÀ`m 4.8 à{VeV
n`ªV `moOZmnyd©H H _r H aÊ`mMo nwT rc à`ËZmÛmao gmÜ` H aUo Ano{jV hmoVo.
(1) {ZJwªVdUwH sÀ`m àmßVrg A{YH MmcZm XoUo.
(2) H a _hgyc Am{U Xÿag§MaU joÌmVrc àmßVrg A{YH MmcZm XoUo.
(3) AW©gmhmæ`mdarc IMm©V H nmV H aUo.
darcn¡H s H moUVo {dYmZ/{dYmZo ~amo~a AmhoV?
(A) \ ŠV 1 (~) \ ŠV 2 Am{U 3 (H ) \ ŠV 1 Am{U 3 (S) 1, 2 Am{U 3
amOH mofr` VyQ (Fiscal deficit) : Ooìhm AW©g§H ënr` VwQ r_Üò emgZmMr H O}, XoUr `m§Mm g_mdoe Ho cm OmVmo. Voìhm
{XgyZ òUmè`m EHy U VwQ rg amOH mofr` VyQ Ago åhUVmV.
^m§S dcr CËnÞ (\ ŠV {Xcoë`m H Om©Mr
amOH mofr` VyQ = _hgwcr CËnÞ + - EHy U IM©
naV\o S d BVa àmßVr)
qH dm
= AW©g§H ënr` VyQ + emgZmMr H O} d XoUr
åhUyZM amOH mofr` VwQ rcm H O} {Z_m©U H aUmar O_m Ago åhUVmV.
45. nwT rc H moUVo {dYmZ `mo½` Amho?
(1) h[aVH« m§Vr nyd©H mimV ^maVmZo AÞYmÝ`mMr Am`mV PL-480 `m H m`ÚmZwgma Ho cr hmoVr.
(2) PL-480 H m`ÚmZwgma Ho coë`m Am`mVrV _w»` {hñgm Jhÿ `m AÞYmÝ`mMm hmoVm.
(A) 1 Am{U 2 XmoÝhrhr ~amo~a AmhoV. (~) 1 Am{U 2 XmoÝhrhr MyH AmhoV.
(H ) \ ŠV 1 ~amo~a Amho. (S) \ ŠV 2 ~amo~a Amho.
46. (1) A{VZrc {H aUm§Mm ^mJ hm JX© Om§îçm a§JmÀ`m "Va§J cm§~r' nojm chmZ "Va§J cm§~r' Mm dU©nQ ^mJ Amho.
(2) "BÝ\« maoS ' ^mJ hm cmc a§Jmnojm H _r "Va§J cm§~r' dU©nQmMm ^mJ Amho.
(3) EH m {ÌH moUmH¥ Vr KZmÀ`m Ðì`mgmRr, dH« s^dZ-{ZX}em§H , doJdoJiçm a§Jm§gmRr doJdoJim AgVmo.
darcn¡H s H moUVr {dYmZo ~amo~a AmhoV?
(A) 1 Am{U 2 (~) 1 Am{U 3 (H ) 2 Am{U 3 (S) `m§n¡H s Zmhr
47. (1) Z¡g{J©H dm`y hm hm`S´ moOZ d H m~©Z `m§Mo g§`wJ AgVmo.
(2) {_WoZ ho hm`S´ moOZ d H m~©ZMo g§`wJ ZgVo.
(3) Z¡g{J©H dm`y ho "dZñnVr d àmUr' OÝ` B§YZ Amho.
darcn¡H s H moUVr {dYmZo `mo½` AmhoV?
(A) 1 Am{U 2 (~) 2 Am{U 3 (H ) 1 Am{U 3 (S) `m§n¡H s Zmhr
Z°Mac J°g … H moigm qH dm I{ZO VocmÀ`m ImUrÀ`m àXoemV Z°Mac J°g AmTiVmo.
CXmhaUmW©–
(1) {_WoZ-80 Vo 90 QŠHo . (2) BWoZ-6 Vo 10 QŠHo .
(3) àmonoZ-3 Vo 5 QŠHo . (4) ã`wQ oZ-1 Vo 2 QŠHo .
Ë`mM~amo~a WmoS çm à_mUmV Zm`Q´ moOZ, H m~©Z-Sm`-Am°ŠgmBS, hm`S´ moOZ gë\ mBS, ho{c`_ ho dm`y AgVmV.
(g§X^© : g_J« gm_mÝ` {dkmZ - àm. ZdZmW OmYd
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (n{hcr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« . 85)
48. "{~J-~±J WoAar' hm àË`jmV B{Vhmgnyd©H mcrZ AUyMm {gÕm§V àW_ .... Zr àñVm{dV Ho cm.
(A) Aë~Q© AmBZñQmB©Z (~) Om°O}g {c_¡Ìo
(H ) Am`P°H Ý`yQ Z (S) ñQr\ Z hm°H s¨J
49. ~«mg hm {_lYmVy Imcrcn¡H s H moUË`m KQH m§Zr ~Zcocm AgVmo?
(A) H m°na 80 QŠHo + qPH 10 QŠHo + QrZ 10 QŠHo (~) H m°na 80 QŠHo + qPH 20 QŠHo
(H ) H m°na 80 QŠHo + QrZ 20 QŠHo (S) H m°na 90 QŠHo + QrZ 10 QŠHo

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g§{_l Zmd _w»` YmVy BVa _ycÐìò JwUY_© Cn`moJ
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nmocmX cmoh C (0.02 Vo 1.5 QŠHo ) H RrU, {MdQ, ~iH Q OhmO, nyc, dmhZo gmIiX§S ,
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12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 Zm§Ja, YmaXma nmVr, pñà¨J.
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ñQoZcog cmoh Cr (18 QŠHo ), H RrU, jaU amoYH
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{eënH _© CnH aUo, ^m§S r,
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ñQrc (73 QŠHo ) C (1 QŠHo ), Ni (8 QŠHo ) dmhZo BË`mXr.
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Q§JñQZ cmoh W (5 QŠHo ), Iyn H RrU
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 H RrU dñVy H mnUo.
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ñQrc (94 QŠHo ) C (1 QŠHo ), Mn
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A°ë`w{_{ZA_ Cu Al (2.3 Vo CÀM VÝ`Vm, H RrU a§J Am{U emB©_Üò dU©H åhUyZ.
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~«m±P (88-96 QŠHo ) 10.5 QŠHo ) agm`Zo, d g_wÐmMo nmUr
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AË`ën Fe, H {Wc `m§Mm n[aUm_ hmoV Zmhr
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AmKmV amoYH
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{nVi Cu (60 Vo Zn (40 Vo 10 QŠHo ) H RrU, J§OamoYH
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 ^m§S r, Zi, H mSVwgo, g§KZZ Z{cH m
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90 QŠHo )
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~«m±P (_mZdmZo Cu (60 H {Wc H RrU, J§OamoYH ~oA[a¨J, OhmOo, nwVio, ^m§S r,
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n{hco dmnaco) Vo 90 QŠHo ) (19 Vo 10 QŠHo ) nXHo , ZmUr.
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JZ_oQ c Cu (88 QŠHo ) H {Wc (10 QŠHo ), J§OamoYH ~§XþH m d ~m°`caMo gwQ o ^mJ
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OñV (2 QŠHo )
(g§X^© : g_J« gm_mÝ` {dkmZ - àm. ZdZmW OmYd
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (n{hcr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« . 188-189)
50. {\ Zm°c ho ....
(A) A°amo_°Q rH g§`wJ Amho. (~) A°{c\° QrH g§`wJ Amho
(H ) hoQ amogm`pŠcH g§`wJ Amho. (S) darcn¡H s H moUVohr Zmhr.
51. {da§OH MyU© dmnê Z nmÊ`mcm {ZOªVwH H aVmZm {ZOªVwH à{H« `m H em_wio hmoVo?
(1) ŠcmoarZ dm`y (2) hm`nmoŠcmoag Amåc (3) ZdOmV Am°pŠgOZ (4) H m~©Z-Sm`-Am°ŠgmBS
(A) 1, 2 Am{U 3 (~) 1, 2 Am{U 4 (H ) 2, 3 Am{U 4 (S) darc gd©
52. AmYw{ZH _mZdmnojm H moUË`m _mZdmÀ`m nyd©Om_Üò H nm©aJw{hHo Mr j_Vm A{YH hmoVr?
(A) {ZA§S aWc _°Z (~) Omdm _°Z (H ) noH s¨J _°Z (S) H« mo-_°½Zm°Z _°Z
53. Imcrcn¡H s H moUVm gñVZ àmUr A§S r KmcVmo?
(A) H§ Jmê (~) ßc°Q rng (H ) n|½drZ (S) ìhoc
ßc°Q rng hm gñVZ àmUr (Mammals) `m dJm©Vrc AgyZ `m dJm©Vrc àmUr CîU aŠVmMo AgyZ n¥îRd§er àmÊ`m§n¡H s gdmªV
~w{Õ_mZ d àJV Pmcoco àmUr AmhoV. `m§À`m earamV d¡{eîQçnyU© Xþ½YJ«§Wr AgVmV. gdmªJm§da Ho g AgVmV. _mXr {ncm§Zm OÝ_
XoVo. öX` Mma H ßß`m§Mo ~Zcoco AgVo. CXm. C§Xra, _m§Oa, qgh, _mH S, _mUyg.
_mÌ ßc°Q rng d E{H SZm ho àmUr A§S r KmcVmV Am{U Vo EH qcJr d Oam`wO AgVmV.
(g§X^© : g§nyU© gm_mÝ` {dkmZ - àm. H {dVm ^mcoamd
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (EH mo{Ugmdr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« .29)
54. Imcrcn¡H s H moUË`m àmÊ`mMo öX` Mma H ßß`m§Mo AgVo?
(A) ~oSy H (~) _Ja (H ) emH© (S) nmc
g[ag¥n dJ© (Reptiles) : ho ganQUmao àmUr O{_Zrda AJa nmÊ`mV amhVmV. earamda ewîH Idco, SmoHo d YS _mZoZo
OmoS coco AgVo. ho erVaŠVr` àmUr AmhoV. Ë`m§Mo öX` VrZ H ßß`m§Mo ~Zcoco AgVo. CXmhaUmW©– gaSm, gmn, gwga. _Jarcm Mma
H ßß`m§Mo öX` AgVo BË`mXr.
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (EH mo{Ugmdr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« . 29)
55. nmZm§darc Ho dSm amoJ H moUË`m I{ZO Ðì`mÀ`m A^mdm_wio hmoVmo?
(A) ~moam°Z (B) (~) _m°crãSoZ_ (Mo) (H ) H mo~mëQ (Co) (S) cmoh (Fe)
56. dZñnVr dJuH aUmMr Z¡g{J©H JwUm§da AmYm[aV gdmªV Mm§Jcr Am{U cmoH {à` nÕVr Imcrcn¡H s H moUr emoYyZ H mTcr?
(A) ~oZW_ Am{U hþH a (~) Ho amocg {cZr`g (H ) A°S m°ë\ E§Oca (S) Mmëg© ~oñgr
57. dZñnVr dJuH aUmVrc Imcrcn¡H s nm`m^yV KQH H moUVm?
(A) OrZg (~) Hw i (H ) Am°S ©a (S) ñno e rO
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d A{YH _m{hVr
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àmUrg¥îQr g§K (Cng¥îQr) dZñnVrg¥îQr {d^mJ (Cng¥îQr)
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dJ© dJ© (Class)
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JU JU (Order)
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Hw c Hw c (Family)
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àOmVr àOmVr (Genus)
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OmVr OmVr (Species)
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Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (EH mo{Ugmdr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« . 25)
58. .... ho earamVrc H° pëeA_ d \ m°ñ\ agÀ`m Am§V[aH _mÌogmRr (emofUmgmRr) O~m~Xma Amho.
(A) OrdZgÎd A (~) OrdZgÎd S (H ) OrdZgÎd B© (S) OrdZgÎd Ho
"S' OrdZgËd _mZdr earamV ËdMoImcr gy`© àH mem_wio V`ma hmoVo. Ë`mgmRr Amdí`H AgUmao nyd©Ðì` "BJm}ñQoam°c' ho
nmco^mÁ`m§VyZ {_iVo. ËdMoMo Amamo½` gwYmaÊ`mgmRr Am{U XmV d hmSm§Zm ~iH Qr AmUÊ`mgmRr "S' OrdZgËd Amdí`H AgVo.
"S' OrdZgÎdmÀ`m A^mdr hmSo _D hmoVmV, _wS Xÿg amoJ, X§Vj`, ËdMmamoJ `màH maMo amoJ CX²^dVmV.
_memÀ`m `H¥ VmMo Voc, A§S r, XÿY, cmoUr, ËdModa nSUmao H modio gy`©{H aU ho "S' OrdZgÎdmMo CËH¥ îQ òmoV AmhoV.
(g§X^© : g_J« gm_mÝ` {dkmZ - àm. ZdZmW OmYd, (n{hcr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« _m§H : 352
g§nyU© gm_mÝ` {dkmZ - àm. H {dVm ^mcoamd, (EH mo{Ugmdr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« _m§H : 72)
59. A§S çmVrc H moUË`m ^mJmV à_wIV: à{WZo AgVmV, Á`m_wio Ë`mcm nyUm©Þ åhUVmV?
(A) nm§ T am ~cH (~) {ndim ~cH
(H ) nm§T am d {ndim ~cH Am{U H dM (S) A§S çmV à{WZoM ZgVmV.
60. .... Mm Cn`moJ \ im§gmRr ~waeramoYH (antifungal) åhUyZ Ho cm OmVmo.
(A) H m~m©{_W°Pmoc (~) ~oZmo{_c (H ) Wm`mogë\o Q (S) ~|Pm°{AH A°{gS
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61. 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890
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A. H« . ì`ŠVtMo Zmd CËnmXZ (pŠd¨Q c_Üò)
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Ádmar Jhÿ
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1. í`m_ 80 70
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2. amOrd 60 40
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3. g§Vmof 50 60
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4. ahr_ 70 80
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5. A{dZme 40 50
darc VŠË`mdê Z gd© ì`ŠVtÀ`m Ádmar d Jhÿ `m§À`m EHy U CËnmXZmÀ`m 50 QŠHo CËnmXZ H aUmar ì`ŠVtMr OmoS r
H moUVr?
(A) í`m_ Am{U amOrd (~) í`m_ Am{U ahr_
(H ) g§Vmof Am{U A{dZme (S) A{dZme Am{U ahr_
62. Mm¡ag nyU© H aÊ`mgmRr àíZ{MÝhm§À`m (?) {RH mUr Zgcoë`m dUm©jam§Mm g§M {ZdSm.
G P ?
K ? Q
R ? L
G G G G
(A) (~) (H ) (S)
F R L H
N L M I
63. _w§~B©hÿZ nwÊ`mcm OmUmè`m XmoZ ~g JmSçm§n¡H s n{hcr JmSr gH mir 8 dmOVm Vmer 80 {H ._r. doJmZo gwQ cr Ë`mZ§Va Ë`mM
{Xder Xþgar JmSr gH mir 9 dmOVm Vmer 100 {H . _r. doJmZo gwQ cr. Va Ë`m XmoÝhr JmSçm EH _oH m§g {H Vr Vmgm§Zr
d {H Vr dmOVm ôQ Vrc?
(A) 3 Vmgm§Zr d 11 dmOVm (~) 3 Vmgm§Zr d 12 dmOVm
(H ) 4 Vmgm§Zr d 12 dmOVm (S) 4 Vmgm§Zr d 01 dmOVm
3
64. A{_VZo Amnë`m nJmamMm {hñgm Kar {Xcm. Cacoë`m {hññ`mn¡H s {Zå_m eoVrgmRr IM© Ho cm. Cacoë`m n¡H s {Zå_m
5
_wcmcm {Xcm d ~mH sMr aŠH _ nmoñQmV O_m Ho cr. Oa Ë`mZo nmoñQmV é. 600 O_m Ho co, Va Ë`mMm nJma {H Vr?
(A) é. 6,000 (~) é. 6,500 (H ) é. 5,000 (S) é. 4,000
65. Oa 3 c 2 = -26, 6 c 4 = -40 Am{U 5 c 7 = -22 Agoc Va 4 c 2 = ?
(A) -34 (~) -43 (H ) -36 (S) -42
66. A ehamV 52,000 cmoH m§n¡H s 0.30 QŠHo ì`ŠVtH So _moQ maH ma Amho. B ehamV 48,000 cmoH m§n¡H s 0.25 QŠHo
ì`ŠVtH So _moQ maH ma Amho. C ehamV 50,000 cmoH m§n¡H s 300 ì`ŠVtH So _moQ maH ma AmhoV. Va Imcrc H moUË`m
gm§Ho {VH {MÝhmZo `m§Mo g§~§Y Xe©{dVm òB©c?
(A) A h B h C (~) B g A g C (H ) C g A g B (S) B g C g A

67. EH m KZ AmH¥ Vrcm XmoZ gcJ ~mOyZo cmc a§J, cmc a§JmÀ`m {déÕ ~mOyZo Zm[a¨Jr a§J Am{U Cacoë`m ~mOy§Zm {Zim a§J XoÊ`mV
Amcm. Ë`mMo 27 VwH So H aÊ`mV Amco. Va g§nyU© joÌ\ imMm {H Vr ^mJ a§J{dÊ`mV Amcocm Zmhr?
(A) 1/3 (~) 1/4 (H ) 1/2 (S) 1/6
hm àíZ Am`moJmZo aÔ Ho cm Amho.
68. Imcrc {dYmZo VnmgyZ nmhm.
(1) EH Va a_oe d {H aU EH mM d`mMo AmhoV qH dm a_oe {H aUnojm d`mZo _moR m Amho.
(2) EH Va gm¡a^ d g§J«m_ EH mM d`mMo AmhoV qH dm g§J«m_ gm¡a^nojm d`mZo _moR m Amho.
(3) gm¡a^nojm {H aU d`mZo _moR m Amho.
darc {dYmZm§VyZ Imcrcn¡H s H moUVm {ZîH f© H mTVm òVmo?
(A) {H aUnojm a_oe d`mZo _moR m Amho. (~) {H aU d g§J«m_ EH mM d`mMo AmhoV
(H ) gm¡a^nojm g§J«m_ d`mZo _moR m Amho. (S) gm¡a^nojm a_oe d`mZo _moR m Amho.
69. ed©arMm OÝ_ ~wYdma {XZm§H 5 gßQ|~a, 2001 cm Pmcm. {VMm {Vgam dmT{Xdg H moUË`m {Xder òB©c?
(A) a{ddma (~) Jwédma (H ) _§Jidma (S) gmo_dma
70. am_ KamnmgyZ 15 {H _r X{jUoH So Jocm d nyd}H So diyZ 10 {H _r Jocm. Z§Va CÎmaoH So diyZ 5 {H _r A§Va MmcV Jocm
d nwÝhm npíM_ocm 10 {H _r MmcV OmD Z Wm§~cm. Va am_ KamnmgyZ H moUË`m {Xeocm d {H Vr A§Vamda Amho?
(A) CÎmaocm 15 {H _r (~) CÎmaocm 10 {H _r
(H ) X{jUocm 10 {H _r (S) X{jUocm 15 {H _r
71. emioVrc 288 _wcm§Zm am§JoV Cô amhÊ`mg gm§{JVco. àËòH am§JoV OodTr _wco AmhoV Ë`mÀ`m {Z_nQ am§Jm§Mr g§»`m Amho.
Va àËòH am§JoV {H Vr _wco AmhoV?
(A) 12 (~) 16 (H ) 20 (S) 24
72. àíZmW©H {MÝhmÀ`m {RH mUr H moUVm AmH Sm òB©c?
2 8 6 9
6 2 1 2 6 2 4 4 5 1 3 ?
7 3 6 3
(A) 1 (~) 24 (H ) 8 (S) 48
73. àíZ{MÝhmÀ`m OmJr `mo½` A§H {chm.
64 1 49 9
6 ?
36 25 4 64
(A) 5 (~) 7 (H ) 9 (S) 10

74. A, B, C, D, E, F ho ghm {_Ì g_moamg_moa ~gyZ EH m dVw©imH¥ Vr _¡XmZmV IoiV AmhoV. E hm D À`m Smì`m ~mOyg Amho.
C hm A Am{U B À`m _Üò Amho. F hm E Am{U A À`m _Üò Amho. Va B À`m Smì`m ~mOycm H moU Amho?
(A) A (~) D (H ) C (S) E
75. Oa EXCEL = 93596 Agoc, PAINT = 74128 Agoc, Va ACCEPT = ?
(A) 735961 (~) 455978 (H ) 547978 (S) 554978
76. "Ý`y _ya' `m ~oQ mdê Z gÜ`m H moUË`m XmoZ Xoem§_Üò dmX gwê Amho?
(A) ^maV Am{U MrZ (~) ^maV Am{U nm{H ñVmZ
(H ) ^maV Am{U ~m§JcmXoe (S) ^maV Am{U lrc§H m
Ý`y _ya ~oQ
ho ~§JmcÀ`m CngmJamV gw§Xa~Z {Ì^wO àXoemg_moa Amho. ho g_wÐgnmQrnmgyZ \ ŠV 2 _rQa C§Mrda Amho. XcXcrMm àXoe
d Ima\w Qr dZñnVr ho `mMo d¡{eîQç AgyZ òWo H moir cmoH m§Mr dñVr Amho. Joë`m Vrg dfmªV CîUH {Q~§Yr` MH« sdmXimZo `m
~oQ mdarc Or{dVmMr d g§nÎmrMr Iyn hmZr Ho cr Amho.
(g§X^© : {OAm°J«°\ s W«y _°ßg - B§{S`m / Ho . {gÕmW©/Eg. _wIOu
77. ñWm{ZH ñdamÁ` g§ñWm§À`m {ZdSUwH sV _VXmam§gmRr ZH mam{YH ma (ZmoQ m) CncãY H ê Z XoUmao XoemVrc n{hco amÁ`
H moUVo?
(A) _Ü` àXoe (~) amOñWmZ (H ) NÎmrgJT (S) _hmamîQ´
78. 1 OmZodmar, 2014 amoOr _hmamîQ´ mVrc Zm|XUrH¥ V _VXmam§Mr g§»`m hmoVr ....
(A) 9.50 H moQ r (~) 8.25 H moQ r (H ) 7.89 H moQ r (S) 6.75 H moQ r
79. Imcrc {dYmZo {dMmamV ¿`m.
(1) amîQ´ nVrZo cmoH nmc d cmoH m`wŠV {dYo`H 2013 cm 1 OmZodmar, 2014 amoOr _mÝ`Vm {Xcr.
(2) cmoH nmc `m§À`m Ý`m`m{YH mamV n§VàYmZ, _§Ìr d ImgXma òVmV.
(A) {dYmZ 1 ~amo~a, 2 MyH (~) {dYmZ 1 MyH , 2 ~amo~a
(H ) XmoÝhrhr 1 Am{U 2 {dYmZo ~amo~a (S) XmoÝhrhr 1 Am{U 2 {dYmZo MyH
80. gm{hË` AH mX_r nwañH ma, 2013 _amRrgmRr {ZdS g{_VrMo gXñ` H moU hmoVo?
(1) Sm°. gXmZ§X _moao (2) Sm°. ZmJZmW H moVmnëco
(3) dg§V Am~mOr ShmHo (4) àmo. {dcmg Imoco
(A) 1, 2, 3 (~) 2, 3, 4 (H ) 1, 2, 4 (S) 1, 3, 4
81. gZ 2013 _Üò _§Ji`mZ ho H moUË`m {RH mUmdê Z gmoS Ê`mV Amco?
(A) ^w~Zoída (~) ~|Jiwê (H ) lrh[aH moQ m (S) h¡Xam~mX
^maVmMr _§Ji _mohr_
24 gßQ|~a, 2014 amoOr ^maVmZo _mg© Am°{~©Q a {_eZ åhUOo "_m°_' `m Amnë`m n{hë`mM _mo{h_oV, _§Ji`mZ _§Ji J«hmÀ`m
H joV èñdrarË`m ñWm{nV H ê Z B{Vhmg KS{dcm.
_§Ji`mZmÀ`m `m èm_wio n{hë`mM à`ËZmV _§Ji _mohr_ èñdr H aUmam ^maV hm OJmVrc n{hcm Xoe Racm Amho.
AmVmn`ªV A_o[aH m, a{e`m d `wamonr` g§K `m§À`m `mZm§Zm _§Ji J«hmda CVaÊ`mV AWdm Ë`m^modVr \o è`m KmcÊ`mV è {_imco
Amho. VWm{n, Ë`mgmRr Ë`m§Zm AZoH Xm à`ËZ H amdo cmJco hmoVo. A_o[aH m, a{e`m, `wamonr` g§K Am{U ^maV `m§À`mà_mUoM OnmZ
Am{U MrZ `m XmoZ Xoem§Zrhr _§Ji _mohr_ AmIcr hmoVr. gZ 1998 _Üò OnmZZo nmR{dcoco "ZmoPmo_r' `mZ Am{U gZ 2011 _Üò
MrZZo am~{dcocr Amncr n{hcr _§Ji _mohr_ "`tJhþAmo-1' `m XmoÝhr _mo{h_m Aèñdr Raë`m hmoË`m.
5 Zmoìh|~a, 2013 amoOr ^maVmÀ`m "_§Ji`mZm'Mo lrh[aH moQ m (Am§Y« àXoe) òWyZ Xþnmar 2 dmOyZ 38 {_{ZQm§Zr èñdr àjonU
Ho co Joco hmoVo.
(g§X^© : g_J« {dkmZ V§ÌkmZ - à_moX OmoJioH a
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (Mm¡Wr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« . 240)
82. OmJ{VH dmagm ñWi `mXrV _hmamîQ´ mVrc Imcrcn¡H s H moUË`m ñWim§Mm g_mdoe hmoVmo?
(1) e{ZdmadmSm Am{U qeÚm§Mr NÌr. (2) AqORm Am{U doê i
(3) H mgMo nRma Am{U NÌnVr {edmOr Q{_©Zg. (4) Zm§XoS òWrc JwéÛmam Am{U kmZoída g_mYr
(A) 1 Am{U 2 (~) 2 Am{U 3 (H ) 3 Am{U 4 (S) 1 Am{U 4
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`wZoñH moÀ`m OmJ{VH dmagm `mXrV AgUmar ^maVmVrc ñWio
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A. H« . ñWi/dmagm `mXrV gm_rc H aÊ`mV Amcoco df© KQH amÁ`
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gm§ñH¥ {VH ñWio (29)
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1 AmJ«m {H ëcm (1983)
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2 AqORm coUr (1983)
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 _hmamîQ´
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3 VmO_hc (1983) CÎma àXoe
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4 doê i coUr (1983) _hmamîQ´
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5 gy`©_§{Xa, H moUmH© (1984)
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 Amo{Sem
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6 _hm~crnya_ òWrc ñ_maH g_yh (1984) V{_iZmSy
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7 Jmoì`mVrc MM© Am{U _R (1986)
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 Jmodm
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8 IOwamhmo òWrc coUr g_yh (1986) _Ü` àXoe
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9 \ Vohnya {gH« s (1986) CÎma àXoe
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10 h§nr òWrc ñ_maH g_yh (1986) H Zm©Q H
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11 nÎmXH c òWrc ñ_maH g_yh (1987) H Zm©Q H
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12 E{c\§ Qm Jw§\ m/coÊ`m (1987) _hmamîQ´
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13 _hmàmUdmZ Mmoi _§{Xa (1987) V{_iZmSy
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14 gm§Mr òWrc ~m¡Õ ñ_maH (1989) _Ü` àXoe
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15 hþ_m`yZ H ~a, {Xëcr (1993) {Xëcr
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16 Hw Vw~{_Zma, {Xëcr (1993) {Xëcr
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17 ^maVr` nd©Vr` aoëdo (1999)* npíM_ ~§Jmc, V{_iZmSy , {h_mMc àXoe
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18 ~moYJ`m òWrc _hm~moYr _§{Xa g_yh (2002) {~hma
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19 ^r_~oQ H m e¡cJ¥ho (2003) _Ü` àXoe
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20 M§nmZoa-nmdmJT nwamVÎd CÚmZ (2004)
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21 NÌnVr {edmOr Q{_©Zg (nyduMo pìhŠQmo[a`m Q{_©Zg) 2004 _hmamîQ´
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22 cmc {H ëcm (2007) Zdr {Xëcr
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23 O§Va_§Va, O`nya (2010) amOñWmZ
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24 amOñWmZMo {JarXþJ© (2013)
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 amOñWmZ
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25 amUr-H s-dmd, nmQU (2014)
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26 H° {nQc H m°åßcoŠg (M§{SJT); cm H m°~y©PrE `m§Mo ñWmnË` M§{SJT
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H m`©, AmYw{ZH MidirVrc CëcoIZr` `moJXmZ (2016)**
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27 Zmc§Xm òWrc Zmc§Xm _hm{dhmamMo (Zmc§Xm {dÚmnrR) {~hma
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nwa mVÎd {RH mU (2016)
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28 Ah_Xm~mX eha (2017)
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29 pìhŠQmo[a`Z Jm°{WH d AmQ© SoH mo B_maVr (2018)
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 _hmamîQ´
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Z¡g{J©H {RH mUo (7)
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30 H m{Pa§Jm amîQ´ r` CÚmZ (1985)
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 Amgm_
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31 Ho dcXod amîQ´ r` CÚmZ (1985)
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 amOñWmZ
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32 _mZg dÝÒrd A^`maÊ` (1985)
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 Amgm_
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33 gw§Xa~Z amîQ´ r` CÚmZ (1987)
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npíM_ ~§Jmc
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34 Z§XmXodr Am{U ìh°cr Am°\ âcm°dg© amîQ´ r` CÚmZo (1988) CÎmamI§S
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35 npíM_ KmQ (2012)
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 _hmamîQ´ , Ho ai, Jmodm, H Zm©Q H , JwOamV
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 Am{U V{_iZmSy
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36 ~¥hX² {h_mc` amîQ´ r` CÚmZ g§dY©Z joÌ (2014) {h_mMc àXoe
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{_l {RH mU (1)
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37 Im§XMo§XPm|Jm amîQ´ r` CÚmZ (2016) {gŠH s_
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* ^maVr` nd©Vr` aoëdo : `m_Üò VrZ aoëd|Mm g_mdoe hmoVmo. (1) Xm{O©qcJ aoëdo, npíM_ ~§Jmc (2) {Zc{Jar nd©Vr` aoëdo,
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V{_iZmSy (3) H ëH m-{e_cm aoëdo, {h_mMc àXoe
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** `m_Üò ^maVmVrc H° {nQc H m°åßcoŠg, M§S rJT gmo~VM AO]{QZm, ~opëO`_, \« mÝg, O_©Zr, OnmZ, pñdËPcªS `m ghm
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Xoem§Vrc ñWmnË`mMm g_mdoe H aÊ`mV Amcm Amho.
(g§X^© : ^maVmMm ^yJmoc - Sm°. A{ZéÕ
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (AH amdr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« . 362.
83. "ßc°qZJ A°ÝS {X nwAa' `m J«§WmMo coIZ H moUr Ho co?
(A) Sm°. {d. _. Xm§S oH a (~) àmo. A_Ë`© goZ (H ) Sm°. Za|Ð OmYd (S) Sm°. ~r. Eg. {_Ýhmg
84. Pwånm cm{har `m§À`m{df`r Imcrcn¡H s H moUVo {dYmZ gË` Raoc?
(A) Ë`m "^maV-nmH H Wm H mX§~arH ma' AmhoV.
(~) _°Z ~wH a nm[aVmo{fH mÀ`m A§{V_ ghm nwñVH mV 2013 _Üò Ë`m§À`m nwñVH mMr {ZdS Pmcr.
(H ) Ë`m§À`m "B§Q a{àQa' `m H mX§~arcm gm{hË`-AH mX_rMm nwañH ma {_imcm.
(S) darcn¡H s gd©
85. XoemVrc KZ H Mè`mnmgyZ D Om©{Z{_©VrMm n{hcm àH ën H moUË`m _hmZJanm{cHo Zo gwê Ho cm Amho?
(A) qnnar-qMMdS _hmZJanm{cH m (~) nwUo _hmZJanm{cH m
(H ) _w§~B© _hmZJanm{cH m (S) RmUo _hmZJanm{cH m
86. dZhŠH H m`ÚmÀ`m A§_c~OmdUrV Imcrcn¡H s H moUË`m {OëømZo XoemV àW_ H« _m§H {_i{dcm Amho?
(A) ^§S mam (~) RmUo (H ) JS{Mamocr (S) M§Ðnya
87. _hmamîQ´ mV cm° `w{Zìh{g©Q rMr ñWmnZm Hw Ro H aÊ`mV òUma Zmhr?
(A) ZmJnya (~) Am¡a§Jm~mX (H ) _w§~B© (S) nwUo
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amîQ´ r` {dYr {dÚmnrRo
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1. amîQ´ r` {dYr {dÚmnrR 2015 _w~§ B© 2. amîQ´ r` {dYr {dÚmnrR 2016 ZmJnya
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3. amîQ´ r` {dYr {dÚmnrR, 2017 - Am¡a§Jm~mX
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XoemV VrZ amîQ´ r` {dYr {dÚmnrRo AgUmao _hmamîQ´ ho EH _od amÁ` Amho.
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (~{Îmgmdr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« . 311)
88. ^maVr` KQZoVrc 120 do XþéñVr {dYo`H H moUË`m joÌmer g§~§{YV Amho?
(A) Ý`m`mc`rZ {Z`wŠVr (~) ghH ma
(H ) {ejU (S) {ZdSUyH gwYma
Zì`mÊUdmdr KQZmXþéñVr A{Y{Z`_, 2014
EH eo{dgmì`m KQZmXþéñVr {dYo`H g§gXoV g§_V Pmco. 31 {Sg|~a, 2014 amoOr amîQ´ nVtMr Ë`mda ñdmjar Pmcr Am{U
Zìì`mÞdmdr KQZmXþéñVr A{Y{Z`_ ApñVËdmV Amcm. `m KQZmXþéñVrAÝdò ^maVr` amÁ`KQZoV H c_ 124 E, 124 ~r d 124
gr `m VrZ ZdrZ H c_m§Mm A§V^m©d H aÊ`mV Amcm. Ë`m_wio gdm}ÀM Ý`m`mc`mÀ`m Am{U CÀM Ý`m`mc`m§À`m Ý`m`mYrem§À`m
{Z`wŠVrgmRr nydu ApñVËdmV Agcocr "H moco{O`_' nÕV g§nwîQmV Amcr. 124 E `m Zì`m H c_mÝdò Ý`m`mYrem§À`m CnamoŠV
nXm§da Zo_UwH sgmRr {e\ mag H aÊ`mgmRr amîQ´ r` Ý`m{`H {Z`wŠVr Am`moJmMr aMZm Ho cr Jocr.
OZ{hV `m{MH m XmIc H ê Z `m KQZmXþéñVrg gdm}ÀM Ý`m`mc`mV AmìhmZ {Xco Joco AgVm gdm}ÀM Ý`m`mc`mÀ`m nmM
Ý`m`mYrem§À`m nrRmZo g§~§{YV `m{MHo da gwZmdUr KoD Z g§~§{YV KQZmXþéñVr A{Y{Z`_ KQZoMm ^§J H arV Agë`mMm {ZU©` {Xcm.
(16 Am°ŠQmo~a, 2015) Ë`m_wio CnamoŠV KQZmXþéñVr AmVm aÔ~mVc Racr Amho.
(g§X^© : ^maVr` amÁ`KQZm Am{U amOH s` ì`dhma - Sm°. {d. _m. ~mMc/Ho ' gmJa
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (Zddr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« . 162)
89. Sm°. Za|Ð Xm^moiH am§Zr Imcrcn¡H s H moUVo nwñVH {c{hco Zmhr?
(A) {dMma Va H amc (~) gm_m{OH lÕm
(H ) {V{_amVyZ VoOmH So (S) Rac§... Smoig ìhm`MM!
`m àíZmÀ`m A{YH Aä`mgmgmRr {dH« sH a {ZarjH nyd© narjm- {Sg|~a, 2013 _Yrc àíZ H« . 13 Mo ñnîQrH aU Aä`mgm.
90. XoemVrc amîQ´ r` H¥ fr àXe©Zr "H¥ fr dg§V 2014'' Hw Ro âcr hmoVr?
(A) nwUo (~) AH mocm (H ) B§Xm¡a (S) ZmJnya
91. amÁ` cmoH godm Am`moJmÀ`m gXñ`m§À`m nXmMm H m`©H mc g_mßVrZ§Va Imcrcn¡H s H moUVo {dYmZ ~amo~a Zmhr?
(A) Vmo H| Ðr` cmoH godm Am`moJmMm AÜ`j åhUyZ {Z`wŠVrcm nmÌ AgVmo.
(~) Vmo H| Ðr` cmoH godm Am`moJmMm gXñ` åhUyZ {Z`wŠVrcm nmÌ AgVmo.
(H ) Vmo Ë`mM amÁ` cmoH godm Am`moJmMm AÜ`j åhUyZ {Z`wŠVrcm nmÌ AgVmo.
(S) Vmo AÝ` H moUË`mhr amÁ` cmoH godm Am`moJmMm AÜ`j åhUyZ {Z`wŠVrcm nmÌ ZgVmo.
A§{V_ CÎmaVm{cHo V Am`moJmZo `m àíZmMo CÎma n`m©` H« _m§H 3 åhUOoM "amÁ` cmoH godm Am`moJmMm gXñ` Ë`mM
amÁ`cmoH godm Am`moJmMm AÜ`j åhUyZ {Z`wŠVrcm nmÌ AgVmo.' Ago {Xco Amho. Am_À`m _Vo, Am`moJmZo {Xcoco ho CÎma {Zg§{X½Y
MyH g_Omdo; H maU, amÁ`KQZoVrc H c_ 319 Mm {dMma H aVm–
Amncm H mcmdYr g§në`mZ§Va–
(1) H| Ðr` cmoH godm Am`moJmÀ`m AÜ`jmg H| Ð gaH maÀ`m AWdm H moUË`mhr KQH amÁ` gaH maÀ`m ZmoH arV àdoe
H aVm òV Zmhr.
(2) amÁ` cmoH godm Am`moJmÀ`m AÜ`jmg H| Ðr` cmoH godm Am`moJmMm AÜ`j AWdm gXñ` åhUyZ H m`© H aVm òB©c
qH dm Xþgè`m amÁ`mÀ`m Am`moJmMm AÜ`j åhUyZ H m`© H aVm òB©c; na§Vw H| Ð qH dm KQH amÁ` gaH maMr ZmoH ar H aVm òUma Zmhr.
(3) nX gmoS ë`mZ§Va amÁ` cmoH godm Am`moJmMm gXñ` Ë`mM amÁ` cmoH godm Am`moJmMm AÜ`j qH dm BVa H moUË`mhr
amÁ` cmoH godm Am`moJmMm AÜ`j qH dm H| {Ð` cmoH godm Am`moJmMm AÜ`j qH dm gXñ` åhUyZ H m`© H aVm òB©c; na§Vw H moR ohr
gaH mar ZmoH ar H aVm òUma Zmhr.

cmoH godm Am`moJmMo gXñ`Ëd hr AË`§V _hÎdmMr OmJm Amho. `m OmJoMm \ m`Xm KoD Z ^mdr H mimV Amncm cm^ ìhmdm
`mgmRr gXñ`mZo H moUmdahr _ohoa~mZr H ê Zò; cmoH godm Am`moJmÀ`m {e\ maetZm _hÎd Am{U à{VîRm àmßV ìhmdr Am{U ^«îQmMma
Qmimdm `mgmRr hr VaVyX H aÊ`mV Amcr Amho.
H| Ðr` cmoH godm Am`moJmMm X¡Z§{XZ IM©, gXñ`m§Mo _mZYZ dm doVZ, ^Îmo BË`mXr IM© g§KamÁ`mÀ`m g§{MV {ZYrVyZ Ho cm
OmVmo; Va amÁ` cmoH godm Am`moJmMm X¡Z§{XZ IM©, gXñ`m§Mo _mZYZ dm doVZ, ^Îmo BË`mXr IM© amÁ`mÀ`m g§{MV {ZYrVyZ Ho cm
OmVmo.
(g§X^© : ^maVr` amÁ`KQZm Am{U amOH s` ì`dhma - Sm°. {d. _m. ~mMc/Ho 'gmJa
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (Zddr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« . 296)
92. J«m_n§Mm`VrÀ`m gan§Mm~m~VÀ`m Imcrc {dYmZm§Mm {dMma H am.
(1) Vmo J«m_n§Mm`VrMm H m`©H mar à_wI AgVmo.
(2) J«m_n§Mm`VrÀ`m ~¡R H s ~mocmdVmo d AÜ`jñWmZ ^yf{dVmo.
(3) J«m_n§Mm`VrÀ`m Ramdm§Mr d {ZU©`m§Mr A§_c~OmdUr H aVmo.
(4) AH m`©j_Vm, A`mo½` dV©Z d ^«îQmMma `m H maUm§dê Z {Oëhm n[afXoMr ñWm`r g{_Vr Ë`mcm nX^«îQ H ê eH Vo.
darcn¡H s H moUVo/H moUVr {dYmZo ~amo~a AmhoV?
(A) Ho di 1 (~) Ho di 2 Am{U 3
(H ) Ho di 1, 2 Am{U 3 (S) darc gd©
J«m_n§Mm`VrÀ`m gan§MmMr _hÎdmMr H m`} nwT rcà_mUo hmoV–
(1) J«m_n§Mm`VrÀ`m g^m ~mocm{dUo.
(2) J«m_n§Mm`VrÀ`m gôMo AÜ`jñWmZ ^yf{dUo d Ë`m gôMo gyÌg§MmcZ H aUo.
(3) J«m_n§Mm`VrZo g§_V Ho coë`m Ramdm§Mr Am{U KoVcoë`m {ZU©`m§Mr A§_c~OmdUr H aUo.
(4) J«m_n§Mm`VrÀ`m ZmoH adJm©da XoIaoI d {Z`§ÌU RodUo.
(5) J«m_gôMr ~¡R H ~mocm{dUo.
(6) J«m_gôÀ`m ~¡R H sMo AÜ`jñWmZ ^yf{dUo d {VMo gyÌg§MmcZ H aUo.
(7) H m`ÚmVrc VaVwXr§Zwgma Amdí`H Agcoco Ahdmc, AmamISo d VŠVo V`ma H adyZ KoUo.
(8) A{Y{Z`_mÝdò qH dm Ë`mImcr Ho coë`m {Z`_mÝdò àXmZ H aÊ`mV òUmè`m AÝ` A{YH mam§Mm dmna H aUo.
gan§MmÀ`m J¡ahOoarV Ë`mÀ`m H m`m©Mr O~m~Xmar Cngan§M gm§^miVmo. VgoM gan§MmMo nX [aH m_o Pmë`mg ZdrZ gan§MmMr
{ZdS hmoB©n`ªV Cngan§M gan§MmMo A{YH ma dmnaVmo d Ë`mMr H V©ìò nma nmSVmo.
93. amÁ`mÀ`m _hm{YdŠË`m~m~V Imcrcn¡H s H moUVo {dYmZ ~amo~a Zmhr?
(A) Ë`mMr {Z`wŠVr g§~§{YV KQH amÁ`mÀ`m amÁ`nmcmH Sy Z hmoVo.
(~) Ë`mÀ`mH So gmon{dcoë`m ~m~r g§~§YmZo Vmo amÁ` gaH macm H m`Xoera gëcm XoVmo.
(H ) Oa Am{U Ooìhm JaO Agoc Voìhm Vmo amÁ` {d{Y_§S imnwT o ^mfU H ê eH Vmo.
(S) {d{Y_§S imÀ`m J¥hmV Vmo _VXmZ H ê eH Vmo.
amÁ`KQZoÀ`m H c_ 165 AZwgma àËòH amÁ`mgmRr EH _hm{YdŠVm (Advocate General) {Z`wŠV H aÊ`mMr VaVyX H aÊ`mV
Amcr Amho. Vmo amÁ` gaH maMm H m`Xo{df`H gëcmJma åhUyZ H m_ H aVmo; åhUOo H| Ð gaH ma_Üò _hmÝ`m`dmÚmMo Oo ñWmZ AgVo
VoM KQH amÁ`mV _hm{YdŠË`mMo AgVo.

_hm{YdŠË`mMr {Z`wŠVr amÁ`nmcmH Sy Z hmoV AgVo Am{U amÁ`nmcmMr _Ou Agon`ªVM Vmo Amnë`m nXmda amhVmo. Ë`mÀ`m
A{YH manXmMr _wXV {ZpíMV Racocr ZgVo; Ë`m_wio gm_mÝ`V: amÁ`mMo _§{Ì_§S i ~Xcco H s _hm{YdŠVmhr ~XcÊ`mV òVmo.
amÁ`nmc _hm{YdŠË`mMr {Z`wŠVr _§{Ì_§S imÀ`m gëë`mZoM H arV Agë`mZo àËòH _§{Ì_§S i Ë`mg hì`m Agcoë`m ì`ŠVrMr Ë`m
nXmda {Z`wŠVr H aÊ`mMr {e\ mag H aVo.
nmÌVm
Or ì`ŠVr CÀM Ý`m`mc`mMm Ý`m`mYre hmoÊ`mg nmÌ AgVo Ë`m ì`ŠVrMr _hm{YdŠVm åhUyZ {Z`wŠVr Ho cr OmD eH Vo;
åhUOo CÀM Ý`m`mc`mÀ`m Ý`m`mYrenXmgmRr Or nmÌVm Amdí`H AgVo, VrM nmÌVm _hm{YdŠË`mÀ`m nXmgmRrhr Amdí`H
g_OÊ`mV Amcr Amho. _hm{YdŠË`mcm amÁ`nmc RadyZ XoB©c Ë`mà_mUo doVZ {_iVo.
H m`©o
amÁ` gaH maZo _hm{YdŠË`mH So Á`m H m`Xo{df`H ~m~r gmon{dë`m AgVrc, Ë`m§g§~§Yr amÁ` gaH macm gëcm XoUo ho Ë`mMo
_w»` H m_ AgVo. Vmo amÁ` gaH maÀ`m dVrZo Ý`m`mc`mV CnpñWV amhV AgVmo. amÁ`nmcmZo doimodoir H m`Xo{df`H ñdê nmMr
Or H m_o _hm{YdŠË`mda gmon{dcr AgVrc Vr H m_ohr Ë`mcm nma nmSmdr cmJVmV. `m{edm` amÁ`mÀ`m H m`Xo _§S imÀ`m
g^mJ¥hmV ^mfU H aÊ`mMm qH dm g^mJ¥hmÀ`m H m_H mOmV ^mJ KoÊ`mMm A{YH mahr Ë`mg AgVmo.
(g§X^© : ^maVmMr amÁ`KQZm gmÜ`m-gmoß`m eãXm§V (ìhr. ~r. nmQrc)
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eZ, (AmRdr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« . 155)
94. Imcr {Xcoë`m n`m©`m§n¡H s ^maVmÀ`m gdm}ÀM Ý`m`mc`mZo {ZdSUyH à{H« òV gwYmaUm§g§X^m©V ZwH VoM H moUVo _hÎdnyU©
{ZU©` {Xco?
(1) BcoŠQ´ m°{ZH dmoQ tJ _erZMm dmna.
(2) EVM da Am{U _Vn{ÌHo da 'NOTA' (`mn¡H s Hw Urhr Zmhr) n`m©`.
(3) {ZdSUyH AmoiInÌ.
(4) JwÝhm/AnamY {gÕ Pmë`mÀ`m {XZm§H mnmgyZ g§gX gXñ` (ImgXma), amÁ` {d{Y_§S imMm gXñ` (Am_Xma) AnmÌ
RaVmo/AZh© RaVmo.
(A) \ ŠV 1 (~) 1 Am{U 4 (H ) 1, 2, 3 (S) 2 Am{U 4
95. ^y_r A{YJ«hU, nwZd©gZ nmaXe©H Vm Am{U `mo½` _mo~Xcm H m`Xm - 2013 _Yrc Imcrc VaVwXtMm {dMma H am.
(1) ^y_r A{YJ«hUmgmRr g§~§{YV gd© eoVH è`m§Mr g§_Vr Amdí`H Amho.
(2) A{YJ«hrV Ho cocr O_rZ nmM dfmªn`ªV dmnamV AmUcr Zmhr Va _yi _mcH mcm naV Ho cr OmB©c.
(3) nwZd©gZmZ§VaM ^y_r A{YJ«hU H aVm òB©c.
(4) J«m_rU joÌmV ^y_r _mcH mcm ~mOma^mdmÀ`m Mma nQrZo, Va ehar ^mJmV XþnQrZo _mo~Xcm {Xcm OmB©c.
darc {dYmZm§n¡H s H moUVo/H moUVr {dYmZo ~amo~a AmhoV?
(A) Ho di 1 Am{U 2 (~) Ho di 2 Am{U 3 (H ) Ho di 3 Am{U 4 (S) 2, 3 Am{U 4
(1) Sm°. ~r. Ama. Am§~oS H a ho _gwXm g{_VrMo AÜ`j hmoVo.
(2) EM. Oo. Im§S oH a ho `m g{_VrMo gXñ` hmoVo.
(A) 2 ~amo~a Amho. (~) 1 ~amo~a Amho.
(H ) 1 d 2 XmoÝhr ~amo~a AmhoV. (S) 1 d 2 XmoÝhr MyH AmhoV.
_gwXm g{_VrMr g§aMZm
(1) Sm°. ~m~mgmho~ Am§~oS H a (AÜ`j) (2) EZ. Jmonmcñdm_r Aæ`§Jma (gXñ`)
(3) AëcmXr H¥ îUñdm_r Aæà (gXñ`) (4) Sm°. Ho . E_. _wÝer (gXñ`)
(5) gB©X _mohå_X gmXþëcm (gXñ`)
(6) EZ _mYd amd (gXñ`) (~r. Ec. {_Îma `m§Zr amOrZm_m {Xë`m_wio Ë`m§À`m OmJr)
(7) Qr. Qr. H¥ îUm_mMmar (gXñ`) (Sr. nr. IoVmZ `m§Mo {ZYZ Pmë`m_wio Ë`m§À`m OmJr)
29 Am°JñQ, 1947 nmgyZ _gwXm g{_VrZo Amnë`m H m_H mOmg gwédmV Ho cr. `m g§X^m©V ~r. EZ. amd `m§Zr KQZmË_H
gëcmJma åhUyZ H m_ nm{hco; Va Eg. EZ. _wIOu `m§Zr _gwXm V`ma H aÊ`mV _hÎdmMr H m_{Jar ~Omdcr. \o ~«wdmar, 1948 _Üò
KQZm g{_VrZo V`ma Ho cocm _gwXm àH m{eV H aÊ`mV Amcm. g~§Y Xoeâ d¥ÎmnÌo, MMm©, g^m `m§Ûmam _gwÚmda g{dñVa MMm© KSy Z
Amcr.
(g§X^© : ^maVr` amÁ`KQZm Am{U amOH maU - gm_mÝ` AÜ``Z nona Xþgam - Ho 'gmJa
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (ghmdr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« _m§H : 17)
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"H° {~ZoQ {_eZ `moOZo' g§X^m©V OwiUr H am.
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(`) {ZdSmd`mMr EHy U gXñ`g§»`m (1) 292
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(a) g§ñWm{ZH -amÁ`m§Mo à{V{ZYr (2) 4
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(c) CÀM Am`wŠVm§Mo àm§V à{V{ZYr (3) 93
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(d) àm§Vm§Mo à{V{ZYr (4) 389
(A) `-4, a-3, c-2, d-1 (~) `-1, a-2, c-3, d-4
(H ) `-2, a-1, c-4, d-3 (S) `-3, a-4, c-1, d-2
H° {~ZoQ {_eZÀ`m {e\ maerZwgma V`ma H aÊ`mV Amcoë`m `moOZoÝdò Zmoìh|~a, 1946 _Üò KQZm g{_VrMr aMZm H aÊ`mV
Amcr.
`m `moOZoMr d¡{eîQço nwT rcà_mUo hmoVr_
(1) KQZm g{_VrMr EHy U gXñ`g§»`m 389 AgUma hmoVr. `m 389 gXñ`m§n¡H s 296 gXñ` {~«{Qeì`mßV ^maVmMo
à{V{Z{YËd H aUma hmoVo, Va 93 gXñ` g§ñWmZm§Mo à{V{Z{YËd H aUma hmoVo.
(2) CnamoŠV 296 gXñ`m§n¡H s 292 gXñ` _Ðmg, _w§~B©, CÎma àXoe, {~hma, _Ü` àm§V, Amo[agm (Amo{Sem), n§Om~, dm`ì`
gahÔ àXoe, qgY, ~§Jmc Am{U Amgm_ `m (JìhZ©g©À`m A{YnË`mImcrc) AH am àm§Vm§VyZ KoÊ`mV òUma hmoVo Va Mma à{V{ZYr
{Xëcr, Hw J©, AO_oa-_odmS, Am{U {~«{Qeì`mßV ~cw{MñVmZ `m (_w»` Am`wŠVm§À`m AIË`marVrc) àXoemMo à{V{Z{YËd H aUma
hmoVo.
(3) àËòH àm§Vmg Am{U g§ñWmZmg (qH dm g§ñWmZm§À`m JQmg) Ë`m§À`m cmoH g§»òÀ`m à_mUmV (gmYmaUV: Xhm cmI
cmoH g§»ò_mJo EH `m à_mUmV) à{V{Z{YËd {_iUma hmoVo.
(4) {~«{Qeì`mßV ^maVmVrc àm§Vmcm XoÊ`mV òUmè`m OmJm _wñcr_, erI Am{U gd©gmYmaU (_wñcr_ d erI gmoSy Z BVa
gd©) `m VrZ JQm§V cmoH g§»òÀ`m à_mUmV {d^mJÊ`mV òUma hmoË`m.
(5) àËòH O_mVrMo à{V{ZYr Ë`m O_mVrÀ`m àm§{VH {d{Y_§S imV Agcoë`m gXñ`m§H Sy Z {ZdSÊ`mV `md`mMo hmoVo.
(6) g§ñWmZm§Mo à{V{ZYr g§ñWm{ZH m§H Sy Z Zm_{ZX}{eV H aÊ`mV `md`mMo hmoVo.
(g§X^© : ^maVr` amÁ`KQZm Am{U amOH maU - gm_mÝ` AÜ``Z nona Xþgam - Ho 'gmJa
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (ghmdr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« . 16
^maVr` amÁ`KQZm - Sm°. {d. _m. ~mMc, Ho ' gmJa
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (Zddr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« . 43-42)
K'sagar
AmB©-d{S>cm§Zr Aä`mgcoco AZ²...
{dídmgmZo _wcm§À`m hmVmV gmon{dcoco g§X^©...
Ho$ 'gmJar` g§X^©
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CÔoen{ÌHo Mr Imcrc dU©Zo Am{U {dÛmZ `m§Mr OwiUr H am.
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dU©Zo
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{dÛmZ
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(`) amOH s` Hw§ Scr
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(a) H ë`mUH mar amÁ`mMr AM§{~V H aUmar VÎdo (2) E_. ìhr. nm`cr
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(c) CËH¥ îQ JÚ-H mì` (3) Ho . E_. _wÝer
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(d) Aem àH maMm Ho cocm EH gdm}Îm_ _gwXm (4) AmMm`© Oo. ~r. H¥ ncmZr
(A) `-3, a-4, c-1, d-2 (~) `-1, a-2, c-3, d-4
(H ) `-2, a-1, c-4, d-3 (S) `-4, a-3, c-2, d-1
`m àíZmÀ`m AZwf§JmZo Amnë`m A{YH _m{hVrgmRr Imcrc _m{hVr Aä`mgm.
(A) _mJ©Xe©H VÎdm§g§~§Yr VÁkm§Mr dŠVìò
(1) Ho . Qr. ehm : "ImË`mda n¡go O_m Zgcoë`m ~±Ho Mm MoH '
(2) Ho . gr. pìhAa : "H m`Xoera nmR~i Zgcocm OmhraZm_m'
(3) Sm°. Am§~oS H a : "AmYw{ZH cmoH emhr amÁ`mMm amOH s`, gm_m{OH Am{U Am{W©H joÌm§Vrc gd©ñneu H m`©H« _'
(4) Am`ìha OoqZ½O : _mJ©Xe©H VÎdm§À`m àH aUmVrc nmZmnmZm§_YyZ {gSZo Am{U {~«Q´ mBg do~ `m \o {~`Z g_mOdmÚm§Mo
^yV SmoH mdVmZm {XgVo.
(5) Zm{géÔrZ : _mJ©Xe©H VÎdo hr 2 OmZodmarcm _moS cr OmUmar enW Amho.
(~) _yc^yV hŠH m§g§~§Yr VÁkm§Mr dŠVìò
(1) cm°S © Sm`gr : H m`ÚmnwT rc g_Vm ho H m`ÚmÀ`m A{YamÁ` nÕVrMo EH _hÎdmMo cjU Amho.
(2) hoam°ëS cmñH s : g_mOmZo AWdm amÁ`mZo _mÝ`Vm {Xcoë`m _mJÊ`m åhUOo hŠH hmoV.
(g§X^© : ^maVr` amÁ`KQZm - Sm°. {d. _m. ~mMc
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (Zddr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« . 90,91 d 94)
99. J«m_gôg§~§YrÀ`m Imcrc {dYmZm§da {dMma H am.
(1) Vmo n§Mm`Vr amÁ`mVrc gdmªV H {ZîR ñVa Amho.
(2) 73 ì`m amÁ`KQZm XþéñVrZo {Vcm KQZmË_H XOm© àmßV Pmcm Amho.
(3) J«m_gôV, J«m_n§Mm`VrÀ`m joÌmV dmñVì` H aUmè`m gd© nmÌ _VXmam§Mm g_mdoe hmoVmo.
(4) {dÎmr` dfm©_Üò J«m_gôÀ`m Mma ~¡R H m ¿`mì`m cmJVmV.
darcn¡H s H moUVo/H moUVr {dYmZo ~amo~a AmhoV?
(A) Ho di 1 (~) Ho di 2 Am{U 3
(H ) Ho di 1, 2 Am{U 3 (S) darc gd©
Am`moJmZo gXa àíZm_Üò J«m_gôg§X^m©Vrc Mma {dYmZo {Xcr AmhoV Am{U Ë`mVrc H moUVo {dYmZ qH dm {dYmZo ~amo~a AmhoV,
Agm àíZ {dMmacm Amho. Am`moJmÀ`m A§V[a_ CÎmaVm{cHo V n`m©` H Ho di 1, 2 Am{U 3 ho CÎma {Xco Amho.
Am`moJmMo ho CÎma ~amo~a Amho. H maU amîQ´ r` ñVamda {dMma H aVm g§nyU© Xoemg cmJy Agcoë`m 73 ì`m KQZmXþéñVr_Yrc
VaVwXtZwgma {dÎmr` dfm©_Üò J«m_gôÀ`m 2 ~¡R H m KoUo ~§YZH maH Amho. hr VaVyX cjmV KoVm {dÎmr` dfm©_Üò J«m_gôÀ`m 4 ~¡R H m
¿`mì`m cmJVmV ho {dYmZ MwH sMo RaVo. AWm©V, _hmamîQ´ mnwaVm {dMma H aVm _hmamîQ´ J«m_n§Mm`V A{Y{Z`_mÀ`m H c_ 7 (1)
_Üò Ho coë`m XþéñVrZwgma amÁ`mV {dÎmr` dfm©V J«m_gôÀ`m {H _mZ Mma ~¡R H m KoUo A{Zdm`© H aÊ`mV Amcoco Amho.

g§~§{YV àíZ Ho di _hmamîQ´ mnwaVm _`m©{XV Zgë`mZo Ë`mMo gd©gmYmaU ñdê n cjmV KoVm Am`moJmMo CÎma ~amo~a RaVo, ho òWo
cjmV KoUo AJË`mMo Amho.
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (EŠ`mE|erdr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« . 100-101)
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amÁ`nmcmMo A{YH ma d A{YH ma àXmZ H aUmar H c_o `m§Mr OwiUr H am.
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(`) {dYmZgôV A±½cmo-B§{S`Z O_mVrÀ`m EH m à{V{ZYrMr
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{Z`wŠVr H ê eH VmV.
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(a) amÁ` gaH maMo dm{f©H A§XmOnÌH {dYmZ gônwT o gmXa (2) 207
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H aÊ`mg gm§JUo.
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(c) {dYmZgôV AW©{dYo`Ho _m§S Ê`mMr {e\ mag H aUo (3) 202
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(d) Ë`mcm "X`m XmI{dÊ`mMm {deofm{YH ma' Amho. (4) 333
(A) `-4, a-3, c-2, d-1 (~) `-1, a-2, c-3, d-4
(H ) `-3, a-4, c-1, d-2 (S) `-2, a-1, c-4, d-3
H c_ 333 : amÁ`m§À`m {dYmZg^m§_Üò A±½cmo-B§{S`Z O_mVrÀ`m EH m à{V{ZYrMr {Z`wŠVr H aÊ`mMm amÁ`nmcm§Zm A{YH ma
Amho. Ë`mZwgma Oa EImÚm amÁ`mÀ`m {dYmZgôV, A±½cmo-B§{S`Z g_mOmg n`m©ßV à{V{Z{YËd {_imcoco Zmhr Ago amÁ`nmcmg
dmQco, Va Ë`mg g_w{MV dmQVrc {VVHo Ë`m g_mOmMo à{V{ZYr {dYmZgôV {Z`wŠV H aÊ`mMm A{YH ma Ë`mg hmoVm. AmVm _mÌ
Vo{dgmdr KQZmXþéñVr, 1969 AZwgma Ë`m g_mOmMm EH à{V{ZYr {dYmZgôV {Z`wŠV H aÊ`mMm A{YH ma g§~§{YV amÁ`nmcmg
Amho.
H c_ 207 : KQZoVrc H c_ 199 (1) E Vo E\ n`ªV {d{Z{X©îQ Ho coë`m H moUË`mhr ~m~tH aVm VaVyX H aUmao {dYo`H
_m§S Ê`mnydu amÁ`nmcm§Mr g§_Vr KoUo Amdí`H AgVo; Ago {dYo`H {dYmZ n[afXoV _m§S Vm òV Zmhr.
H c_ 202 : `m H c_mZwgma amÁ`nmc g§~§{YV amÁ`mMo Ë`m dfm©Mo A§Xm{OV O_m d IM© `m§g§~§Yr Agcoco "dm{f©H {dÎmr`
{ddaUnÌ' amÁ`mÀ`m {dYmZ gôg_moa d Ë`m amÁ`mV {dYmZ n[afX Agë`mg XmoÝhr J¥hm§g_moa _m§S md`mg cmdVmV.
H c_ 161 : amÁ`mÀ`m amÁ`nmcmg, H m`©H mar A{YH mamÀ`m ì`mßVrV òUmè`m Aem ~m~ter g§~§{YV Agcoë`m H moUË`mhr
H m`Úm{déÕ Ho coë`m H moUË`mhr AnamYm~Ôc Xmofr Ra{dÊ`mV Amcoë`m H moUË`mhr ì`ŠVrcm, {ejo~Ôc j_m H aÊ`mMm, {ejog
VhHw ~r XoÊ`mMm, {ejog ñW{JVr XoÊ`mMm qH dm {ejoV gyQ XoÊ`mMm AWdm {ejmXoe {Zc§{~V H aÊ`mMm, Ë`mV gyQ XoÊ`mMm qH dm
Vmo gm¡å` H aÊ`mMm A{YH ma Amho.
_mÌ, amÁ`nmcmg cîH ar Ý`m`mc`mZo Ho coë`m {ejoV ~Xc H aÊ`mMm A{YH ma Zmhr. Vmo \ ŠV amîQ´ nVtZmM CncãY Amho.
VgoM EImÚmÀ`m _¥Ë`y{ejmXoemda j_m H aÊ`mMm A{YH mahr amÁ`nmcmg Zmhr. KQZoÀ`m H c_ 72 _Yrc VaVwXtZwgma \ ŠV
amîQ´ nVrM cîH ar Ý`m`mc`mZo {Xcoë`m {ejog VX²dVM _¥Ë`yÀ`m {ejog _m\ s XoD eH VmV.
(g§X^© : ^maVr` amÁ`KQZm Am{U amOH maU (_hmamîQ´ mÀ`m {deof g§X^m©V) (nona Xþgam) - Ho ' gmJa,
Ho 'gmJa npãcHo eÝg, (ghmdr Amd¥Îmr) n¥îR H« . 228 Vo 230)

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2 nmocrg Cn{ZarjH nyd© narjm

1. nwT rc KQZm Ë`m§À`m H mcH« _mZwgma {chm.

44 / PSI-STI-ASO nyd© narjm g§ñH [aV àíZn{ÌH m g§J«h

nmocrg Cn{ZarjH nyd© narjm - 18 _o, 2014 / 45

nmocrg Cn{ZarjH nyd© narjm - 18 _o, 2014 / 47

nmocrg Cn{ZarjH nyd© narjm - 18 _o, 2014 / 49

54 / PSI-STI-ASO nyd© narjm g§ñH [aV àíZn{ÌH m g§J«h

nmocrg Cn{ZarjH nyd© narjm - 18 _o, 2014 / 57

gZ 1986 nmgyZ àË`oH$ dfu n{hë`m `oUmè`m {dÚmÏ`m©Zo AZ²

OÝ_mÀ`m doiMo {ejUmMr {ejUmMr XaSmoB© ñWyc

nmocrg Cn{ZarjH nyd© narjm - 18 _o, 2014 / 59

nmocrg Cn{ZarjH nyd© narjm - 18 _o, 2014 / 63

66 / PSI-STI-ASO nyd© narjm g§ñH [aV àíZn{ÌH m g§J«h

(A) 5 (~) 7 (H ) 9 (S) 10

nmocrg Cn{ZarjH nyd© narjm - 18 _o, 2014 / 71

72 / PSI-STI-ASO nyd© narjm g§ñH [aV àíZn{ÌH m g§J«h

nmocrg Cn{ZarjH nyd© narjm - 18 _o, 2014 / 75

76 / PSI-STI-ASO nyd© narjm g§ñH [aV àíZn{ÌH m g§J«h

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