NOMENCLATURE OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS Mainly three systems are adopted for naming an organic compound : ~ @ Common Names or Trivial System @ Derived System (ai) TUPAC system or Geneva System COMMON OR TRIVIAL SYSTEM On the basis of Source Property Discovery Structure () On the basis of source from which they were obtained. a [er as 1, | CHOH Wood spirit or Methyl | Obtained by destructive distillation spirit lof wood. 2. | NH,CONH, Urea |Obtained from urine 3. | CH, Math gas (fire damp) It was produced in marsh places. 4. | CH,COOH Vinegar JObtained from Acetum - i.e. Vinegar 5. poor Oxalic acid JObtained from oxalis plant. cooH 6. | HCOOH Formic acid lObtained from formicus [Red ant] 7. | CH3-CH-COOH | Lactic acid Obtained from lactous (milk) ' on 8. | cH,-cooH Malic acid JObtain from Apple 1 ‘CH(OH)COOH 9 | ayercrcoon Butyric acid lObtained from butter. 10. | CHYCH,),COOH | Caproic acid lObtained from goats. | CHOH Grain alcohol |Obtained from baricy.Gi) On the basis of property 1. Glucose - Sweet in test 2. Glycol - Sweet poisnous 3. Glycerol - Sweet (Glycus - Sweet) (ili) On the basis of discovery 1, RMgx (Grigard Reagent) 2. RyZn (Frankland reagent) Gv) On the basis of structure [S.No [ No. of Carbon atom Alkyl halide Alkyl alcohol Alkyl thio aleohol Alkyl amine Dialkyl ether Dialkyl ketone Dialkyl amine Trialkyl amine Alkyl alkyl” ether Alkyl alkyl” ketone Alkyl alkyl’ amine Alkyl alley!" alley” amine R is termed as alkyl -GROUPS Atom or a group of atoms which possess any “free valency’ are called as Groups. If their are two structure of same molecular formula then some prefix (n, iso, neo) are used two differentiate them. Normal group : - (a) It is represented by *n’. (b) Groups having no branch (Straight chain). (©) Free bond will come cither on Ist carbon atom or on last carbon atom. n-butyl CH, - CH, - CH, ~ CH, - n-propyl CH, - CH, - CH, - Iso group : - When one methyl group is attached to the second last carbon of the straight carbon chain is named as iso group. H,C-CH- CH, -CH-CH, - CH, ~CH-CH, —CH, - eB cH, CH, Isopropyl Isobutyl Isopentyl Exception : CH; cH, I 1 CH, ~C-CH, ~CH=CH,~_y “CH; -C- CH=CH, — \ CHy, \ CHy, CH; CH; (i bo octyl (ii) Iso heptyl Neo group : - (@) When two methyl groups on second last carbon of a straight carbon chain is attached to other four carbon atom group is named as nco group. (b) _Itis represented by following structure - Cc c c-b-c for eg. C-b-C— Neo pentyl (©) There should be one 4° carbon and atleast three methyl group on 4° carbon. NOTE : (Optically Active) = Ifall valency are attached to different atoms. Amyl group : - oe ae Oe Ome Pe ope Active amyl Secondary amyl Active secondary amyl Active iso secondary amylSecondary group : — (a) The carbon having free valency attached to two carbon is called secondary carbon. (b) Itis represented by following structure. C-C-C-C 1 es.(i) CH,-CH-CH,-CH, (ii) CH,-CH-CH,~CH, -CH, (secondary butyl) (secondary pentyl) Tertiary group : - (a) The carbon having free valency attached to three other carbon . c (®) Itis represented by following structure - c-¢-c i cH, cH, 1 eg @CHs-C-CH; cH-C-cHt,-cH, (Tertiary butyl) (Tertiary pentyl) Alkyl group : — When a hydrogen is removed from Alkane (saturated hydrocarbon) then alkyl group is formed. ‘A bond is vacant on alkyl group on which any functional group”'may come. alkane —-> Alkyl - (Cage) oC Hae) eg. (i) CH, a CH Methane _ Methyl Gi) CH,- CH, => weet Ethane CH Nei, - (iil) CH, ons a gs CH; CHCl 'H, CH-CH-CH-CH,- tv) nana {es Butyl Butane CH,CH-CH,-CH, ‘Sec. Butyl [ct CH-cH- 9) CH-CH-CH, = a, a, iso-buty) iso-butane ' CH,C-CH, cH, tertiary: butylCH,-CH,-CH,-CH,-CH,- m-pentyl I (vi) CH,-CH-CH,-CH,-CH—" CH,-CH-CH,-CH,-CH, m-pentane active secondary amyl CH-CH-CH, secondary amy! CH,-CH-CH,-CH,- cH, iso-pentyl \ CH-C-CHECH, 4 cH, (i)CH-CH-CH-CH, tertiary-pentyl cH, isopentane C-CH-CHt ai, active amyl qc HA 'H-CH- cH,cH, Active isosecondary amyl oH, cn, (sil) CH-C-CH, —tcn,¢ cn, cH, cu, neo-pentane neo-pentyl Alkeay! group : - alkene —;-> Alkenyl - (CH) (CHa) CH,=CH- — CH,=CH-CH,- CH, - CH = CH - Vinyi Allyt Propenyl(1-propenyl) Cty C=C, Isopropenyl (I-methyl-l-ethenyl)Alkyny! group — alkyne —> Alkynyl - Cid (Cas) CH=C- CH =C-CH,- CH, -C=C- Ethyny! Propargy! (2-propynyl) Propyny! (1-propynyl) Alkylidene group — alkane ———"\ + Allylidene - Alkylene group alkane yee Alkylene - Position of double bond : — In an unsaturated hydrocarbon if the position of double bond is on I" or last carbon then it's prefix will be ot (alpha) if it is on 2 carbon it is termed as B (Beta) & the y (gamma) & 6 (delta) and so on. eg. H,C=CH-CH,-CH, a- butylene H,C-CH=CH-CH, —B - butylene H,C-CH,- CH=CH, a- butylene H,C = CH - CH, or H,C - CH/= CH,” (Both are same positions, propylenc) HyC-C=CH Isobutylene CH,-CH,-CH=CH-CH,-CH, —_y - hexylene CH,- CH,-CH,-CH=CH-CH,-CH,-CH, 5 - octylene COMMON - NAMING OF DIHALIDES (2) When two same halogen atoms are attached to the same carbon such compounds are called Gemdihalides. (&) Common names of such compounds are alkylidene halides I cucu Bury 7 om -Secondary- ‘Normal Valer EE 3C + (=) double bond = Acryl- 4 C + double bond = Croton- Tertiary-° ° * nen ct -b-0-4 Formaldehyde Acetic Acid ° ° ct, -cr -b-c1 ry -cr-b ny s Propionyl chloride Isobutyramide ° CHy bn Acetaldehyde NOMENCLATURE OF ESTER dor ‘The group which is attached to the oxygen is written as alkyl & the temaining Structure is named on the basis of Functional Group suffix. ° °o ° ee) H-d-o-c% (i) cry -o8b Ln Git) cr -b-0-4 Methyl formate ‘Methyl formate Acetic acid ° ° ° (ners -b-o-c ct -b-0-cit, cry (vi) City CH -b-0- cH city Methyl acetate Ethyl acetate Ethyl propionate ° oO (i) CH -cH-b 0-H cry (iy cn,-cu=cu-b-0-cn, Ethyl acrylate Methyl crotonate NOMENCLATURE OF ANHYDRIDE Rule : — Add the total number of carbon atoms & divide it by 2, the substract will give you the number of C - atom. Now name it according to suffix use for anhydride. 7S ~ substract = Number of C atom 42, 9 9 8.3 9 2 2 CH,-C-0-C-CH, 2 C.H-C-O0-C-CH, Acetic anhydride Propionic anhydrideIf R#R’, You need not to find out substract. a) & cHcotcn, Acetic propionic anhydride (right) Propionic Acetic anhydride (wrong) Divide it in two parts as above & name it by suffixing ic anhydride (alphabatically) 0 <= 8 8 CH-CH-C, CH -C-O-C-C.H, cui-ci-c/ cH,O Butyric propionic anhydride Isobutyric Secondary valeric anhydride 2 CH=CH-Cy, CHL=CIL ce? Acrylic anhydride SOLVED EXAMPLE Q.1_ Which of the following is not.a neo structure:— c, \ Q \ ce (ay ec B) ce -—C-C (CVF (D) c-c-C-C c cf e cf Aus. C Sol. Acarbon must be attached with four carbons. Q2 Acryl aldehyde is - (A)A saturated aldehyde (B) An alkene (C)Apotymer (D) An unsaturated aldehyde Am. D SeL CH, =CH-CHO unsaturated aldehyde. Q3 The common name of the compound CH2 = CH-C- CH=CH, is - (A) Divinyl ketone (B) Diallyl ketone (C) Both Aand B_— (D) None A CH, = CH - is called as vinyl group.Q4 Common name of CH;=CH-CN is : (a) acrylonitrile (b) vinyl cyanide (¢) allyl cyanide (d)ally!nitrile (A)abandd = (B) a and (C)onlyb (D) a,b and c An. B Q5 The number of possible alkyl groups of iso octane are - (Al (B)3 os (D)6 An. B CH, Sol. CH,-C-CH,-CH-CH, cH, CH, l+1+1=3 Q.6 Write the common names of the following compounds 1. CH, - CH, - CN 2. Cty -CH-CH)-1 3. 4. CHy -CH-CH-CH2-Cl 5. CHy -CHy= CH=CH, -OH 6. is 7. CH, = CH- SH 8. CH,-CH,-CH,-CH-NH, 9. cH, CHy 10. city -b-cH-SH Ne CHy-C=CH, 12, CH = C- CH, - Br ‘ANSWERS, 1. Ethyl cyanide 2. Isobutyl lodide 3. Active amyl fluoride 4. Isopentyl chloride 5. Active amyl alcohol 6. Tertiary hexyl amine 7. Vinyl thio alcohol 8. Active secondary amyl amine 9. Secondary amyl alcohol. 10. Neopentyl thio alcohol 1 | Asopropeny! amine 12. Propargyl BromideMCQ Which of the following are secondary radicals : Qs Q7 (a) CH,-CH-C,l, (b) CH, =C-CH, (A) a, bc, (B) adc Common name ofthe structure CH; -OH CH, -OH (A) Ethylene Glycol (B) Ethene dialcohol oO | Common name of the compound CH ~CHy-C--NH (A)Acetamide ——_(B) Propionamide The structure of 2-butenyl radical is : (A) CH,-CH-C,H, (€) CHy-CH,-C-CH, Which one is structure of Maleic acid oO n-c-d-on (A) HOE °° HO-CH-COOH © HO-CH-COOH (¢) CH,-CH- (&) (CH,),CH- Obed (D) a,b, d (©) Glycerol (D) Ethylene alcohol (©) Butyramide (D) Acetic amide (B) CH,-CH=CH-CH,- (0) CH; =CH, ~C-CH, (B) HO-CH-COOH Common name of the structure CH, ~C-O-CH =CH, is : ° (A) vinyl acetate Which is the structural formula of isoprene (B) acryle acetate (A) CH,-C=CH, Il CH a © cu, -¢-checn, (C) methyl acrylate (D) Vinyl ethanoate cH, | (B) CH, =C-CH=CH, (D) CH,-CH=CH-CH,Q8 The number of gem dihalides possible with the molecular formula C,H,X, and C,H,X, is given by the set : (A) 1,2 (B) 2,1 (C) 2,2 (D) 1,1 Q9 Common name of the compound C,H,CHO (A) Anisole (B)Benzaldehyde _(C) Salicylaldehyde (D) None of these ANSWERS Q.1D) Q.2(A) Q.3(B) Q4(B) Q5(D) Q6A) Q71B) Q8(A) QB) Q.1 Write down the structures of the following - 1. Diallyl amine 2. Trimethy! amine 3. Di isobutyl ether 4. Diisopentyl ketone 5. Di Active amyl amine 6. Dinormal propyl ether 7. Tri neopenty! amine Q2 Write down the common names of the following : Ans.(1) 1. CHy=CH-CH,-NH-CH,-CH=CH, 2. CHy-N-CHy 3.HyC -CH-CH, -O-CH2-CH-CHs 4.HyC-CH-CH2 -CH, ~C-CH -CH2 -CH-CHs Hy bay is Hy 5. CH ~CHz-CH-CH;-NH-CH,-CH-CH,-CH 6. CH;-CH,- CH,-O-CH,-CH,- CH, ‘Hy ‘Ans. (2) 1. Tertiary valero-isonitrile 2. Isobutyryl chloride 3. Secondary Valer amideDERIVED SYSTEM According to this system name to any compound is given according to the parent name of the homologous series. This system is reserved for the following nine homologous scrics. ‘Types of Ethylene:— (Symmietrical & Unsymmetrical) (2) Symmetrical : -In the given two alkyl groups one group is attached to the one carbon of ethylene & next of the next carbon. (>) Unsymmetrical : - When both the given groups are attached on the same carbon. Note : Symmetrical & Unsymmetrical : ~Terms are used only when two alkyl groups are given. Synmcticalitimest ctyieac Unermetia dime ene CH: a ons ‘ R- Alkane Ally! substiqent (CHayi2)— (CHaaes) eg. Alkane Ally IUPAC names a) CH, —CH, Methyl QC, “CH, Esty‘Naming of complex alkyl groups (Longest chain ina branch is selected starting from the same and where it originates from. (Numbering s started from the originating end of a branch. 6) GH, -CH,CH,CH, Propyl , Ath -CH. 1-M gu, lethyl ethyi @ Hye -C\H, éu,¢u,én,¢n,- Buyl cu,-du-du,-tny, 1-methy propyl q° sty H,¢-CH-CH Iametioh propyt ie Wer-cH, 1,1-dimethyipropyt cH, 4 6 Raper date 334% , CH, SATURATED BRANCHED CHAIN HYDROCARBONS Rules (1) Longest chain rule: Sclect the longest possible carbon chain as the parent chain or principal carbon chain. All other carbon chains will be considered as side chain or substituents. L =C f— Longest chain containing 6 carbon atoms (2) __Ifthere ismore than one longest chain possible then select the chain which contains maximum number of side chains f e-c-¢- Cue) c-c a Correct Incorrect6) @ @) © @ Lowest set of locant rule : The number given to the side chains locant. While numbering the chain, lowest set of locants rule needs to be followed. According to this rule, that set of ocants will be considered which has got a lower number at the first point of difference. 1=(2, 2,3,]6, 8) <— Correct W=(2, 2{ 4] 4, 5) <— Incorrect First point of difference First set will be considered in this case. AMY 2.4,6-Trimethyldecane (Correct) 1 wNUN 3,4,5-Trimethyldecane (correct) ‘Side chains are always writtcn in alphabetical order. ‘ pb 3-Ethy}2-methylpentane ii, tr, tetra etc. are not considered in Comparing alphabetical order. 3-£thyl-2, 4-dimethyl hexane Iflowest set of locants rule is not applicable then numbering is done according to alphabetical order. 2 4. 8 6.452 Oe I Locant-3, $ (correct) Locant-3, $ (incorrect) If Di tri, ttracte. are partof name of complex name then they considered in alphabetical order. 44(1,1-Dimethyl)-3, S-diethyheptane© Why S-Ethyl-3,4-bis( 1 -methylethyl)-2-methylheptane bis , tris, tetrakis are used for complex alkyl substituents ee w cH, en, tH-CH, CH, 3emethylpentane cu, 2 CH, CH FH-CH,-CH, 3-ethythexane “cH, e) cu,-ciyEn-CH,-Cr, 3-cthyl-2-methyipentane H,C-CH-CH, gig CH, 2cH—CHY () cHpChefi-cH,-cH, 3.3-diethy1-24-dimethyl-pentane Parent chain CH, - CH, - CH, 6 Ss 4 3 2 4 (CH, - CH=CH -CH-CH=CH, * cH,-cH,-cH, Rule-2 : Aprimary suffix is added tothe word root to indicate presence at double or triple bond in the parent chain. For one double bond = Word root + locant + ene For one triple bond = Word root + locant + yne In case the parent chain contains two or more double bonds, the prefixes di, tri, tetra, etc. are used before primary suffix. For two double bonds = Word root + locant + diene Fortwo triple bonds = Word root + locant + diyne Numbering of carbon chain : Rule-1 : Inbranched alkene, select that parenit chain which is containing maximum unsaturated double bond or triple bond and follow properly of lowest focant rule. 1 2 4, owe bu-du-8-8r Sr-8,-2h « op bn-bu-8-B 8-8-2, (Cyclohexyl eth -l-cne_ (4, 6-dimethy! hept-2-ene 12 B21 C=CH CH, -CH=CH, la 5 6 eg. CH, - CH, - CH, - CH, -C = CH- CH, Cyclohexyl eth -I-yne 4-Butythexa-1-4-diene Rule-2 : In branched alkene, if unsaturated double bond or triple bond is present in the cyclic ring, then ‘numbering is done from double bonded carbon of the cyclic ring and follow lowest locant rule properly. § 1. - CH, ee | - Multiple bonds > Substituents () _Ifchainending containing functional group is present then numbering starts from the'C of functional group these functional groups are known as DON category functional groups functional groups of this CH,-CH. IH, = OH category are shown below : - COOH -CN -C-0-C- I I - t 3 CHO - COOR -cocl - CONH, Rule 3: '¢ of primary suffix is dropped if secondary suffix stants froma vowel. Example of compounds having don category functional groups : 0 @ @ @) ™ Ww (wi) (iy CH, -CH, - CH, - COOH CH, -CH-CH, -CH, I COOH ° ‘ CH, -CH, -C-CH, -CH,=C-CT Il CH, o I c n7 \wu, CHO I CHO NC- CH, -CH,-CH, i H.N-C- CH, - CH - CH, - CH~CH, cH I CH, I CH, = CH-CH-C-CI -H,C-H,C-CH, Butanoic acid ‘2-methyl butanoic acid 4- alkyl alkanoate eR i 9 cu,-c-otcH, Methyl ethanoate i @ = H-C-0-CcH,-cH, ethyl methanoate ll (@@ — CH,-CH-CH,-C-O-CH, ‘methyl-4-chloro-3-methyl butanoate CH,-Cl t =~ cl-cH,£0-C-cH, chloromethykcthanoatc @) —-H,COOccH, methyl ethanoate ti CH, -C-0-CH, ~ H,C-H,C-CH-C-O-CH, methyl-2-ethyl butane-1.,4-dioate. Anhydride : Nomenclature of anhydride is done on the basis of the carboxylic acid from which itis obtained. ° cu-c HO me CH,C-OH + CH,-C- Ho, 0 " cH Gon cH-c~ ° i 0 ethanoic acid ethanoie anhydride oO ee Ho, cu-ton+cn, ~CH,- ¢-on He-cH,-¢~ 4 oOI butanedioie anhydride CH- ¢ - °o g Ory Benzene carboxylic ~P propanoic anhydride I 0 g N Benzene carboxylic-3-phenyl 2 propanoic anhydride N Benzene carboxylic anhydride so) Benzene carboxylic cyclohe OL carbocyclic anhydride 8 Example of compounds having functional group other than DON category : ou H,C-CH,—CH, ~-CH-CH-CH, (G-propytheptan-2-ol) H,C-CH, -CH, -CH, OH | CH= CH-CH,-CH-CH-CH, 3-butyl hex-S-en-2-ol H,C-H,C-H,C-CH,SH We-g-c-ch,-cH, 2-methylpent--ene-3-thiol cH, Mc cu,-CH-son heptane-2, 5-disulphonic acid cu, -CH-SOH bt Il CH-CH= CH-C-CH,-C-CH.CH, _ S-methyleneoct-6-n-3-one cH, CO, Ml 34{|-methyl butyl) pent-3-ene-I-sulphonic acid x 3-ethythexan-2-amine IH; CH,- CH, - CH-CH, -CH, anf Neethy! peritan-3-amine NIL-CH,-CH, “r x N-Chloromethyl-N—methyl pentan-2-amine 1 POLYFUNCTIONAL COMPOUNDS. Rule-1: If more than one functional groups are present then one is selected as principal functional group and represented by suffix. Other functional groups are treated as substituents & represented by prefix. Selection of principal functional group is done according to priority table ° U1 HS-CH, -CH-C-OH (3-mercapto-2-methylpropanoie acid) CH, oO A, chiloromethanoyichloride aa°o 3 amino methanomide (Urea) "WN NH, CN, CN 2-cthenyl+2-isocyano propanc-1,3-dinitrite 4 | ‘CN 5 3-0xo pentanal 2-hydroxy-3-oxo pentanoic acid 6 =H H 0, 1. NH, 2-amino ethanomide NH, Rule-II: When principal group is selected then there is no use of priority table. coor H-C-OH 3-amino-2-hydroxy butane — 1, 4-dioie acid (Incorrect) | 8 -C- H-C-NH, 2—amino - 3+ hydroxybutane -1, 4-dioie acid (Correct) boon Rale-II :Ifany DON functional group is presents sce. functional group then its’ isnot included in principal ‘c'chain except-CHO group. ° 9. NC-ES=HE=G}- on 3 -eyanopropanci acid ° Il CH,-C-OH 10. &u,-c-a 3-Chloro carbonylpropanoic acid12, wi 3-Ethylpent-4-yn--amide Rule-IV :As sccondary functional group, iC of -CHO group is included in percent chain then oxo is used 25 prefix, otherwise we use formyl group as prefix. B. oa cttyciy 2-08 4-oxobutanoic acid 9 14, 4-C-CH,-CONH, 2-formy! butane-1, 4-diamide CH, - CONH, 9 9 15. a-¢-ci,-GcH,-C-H 3, $-dioxopentanoyl chloride: TUPAC nomenclature if DON category functional group is present as principal functional group &its‘c’is not included in parent 'c’ chain —>Ans. ee CH,- COOH CH- CH; COOH 3-Carboxymethyl pentanc-1, $-dioic acid CH,- Coon ° I oN OL» Cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic anhydride I ° SOLVED EXAMPLES ‘The correct IUPAC name of the following compound is O=CH-CH, H-C=0 (A) 1, -diformy! propanal (B)3-formy| butancdial (©)2-formy| butanedial (D) 1,1,2-ethane tricarbaldehyde Ih ‘The principal functional group is -CHO/O=CH~CH, “CH- CHO CHO 11,2 ~ Ethanetricarbaldehyde ‘The correct IUPAC name of compound CH, -CH, -C— CH-CHO is: Oo CN (A)2-cyano-3-oxopentanal (B)2-formyl-3-oxopentanenitrile (C)2-cyano-1, 3-pentanediaone (D) 1, 3-dioxo-2-cyanopentane B Here the main functional group is—CN, which had nitrile suffix and CHO and CO are taken as substituents. én, -én,-¢—En-cHo (2-formy1-3-oxopentancnirile) o 'CN TheIUPACnameofcompound HO-C=0 CH, is CHy-C=C—C-H NH, Cr (A)2-amino-3-chloro-2-methyl-2-pentenoic acid“The principal functional group is carboxylic acid (COOH) Qa HO-'c=0 tc, ' CH, -7c= 3c — ‘cH 1 NH, CI 3-amino-4 chloro -2-methy!- 2+ pentenoi acid ° i IUPAC name of compound CH,CH,OCCH,CH,CH, is (A) Propyl propanoate (B) Ethyl butanoate (C)Propy! butanoate (D) Ethyl propanoate Aus. B Sol. ta a 4 CH, -CH, -O-C-CH, -CH, -CH, =" Qu Q2 Q3 Qs The IUPAC name of the compound having structure CICH,-CH,-COOHis : (A)3-Chloro propanoic acid (B)2-Chloro propanoieacid (©)2-Chloro ethanoic acid (D) Choro succinic acid ou The IUPAC Name of compouid’ CH, ~C-CHty—OH is: t cH, (A)2—Methyl-1, 2-propanediol (B) sobutylene glycol (C) 1-2-Dihydroxy-2-Methy! propane (D)2-Hydroxy methyl-2-propanol ge The IUPAC name of CH; -CH—C-CH; -CH,0H is- (A) I-Hydroxy-4-methyl-3-pentanone __(B)2-Methyl-S-hydoxy-3-pentanone (C)4-Methyt-3-ox0-1-pentanol (D) Hexanol-1-one-3 cI cH. Hy H, Br IUPAC name of CH;~ =~CH~ Sous Roe cH, (A)2-Chlore-3-methy!-7-bromo heptane (B)7-Bromo-2-chloro-3-methyl heptane (©)1-Bromo-5-methyl-6-chloroheptane _ (D) 1-Bromo-6-chloro-5-methyl heptane TUPAC name of CH,-CH-CH,-Clis: (A)Allylcloride (B) 1-Chloro-3-propene (€)3-Chloro-1-propene (D) Vinyl chlorideQ7 Q.0 Qu Qu2 13 ‘The comrect IUPAC name for CH,CH=C(COOH)CH,CH, is : (A)3-Carboxy-2-pentene (B)2-Ethylidene butanoic acid (©)2-Ethy!-2-butenoie acid (D)3-Ethy!-2-buten—4-oic acid ‘The number of carbon atoms in the principal chain ofthe given compound are : CH, -CH, -CH; -C-COOH OHC-C-CH,-CH, (A)? (Bs ©4 (D)6 The IUPAC name of CH,-CH,-NH-CH, is : (A)Mathy ethylamine (B) I-methy\ ethanamine (N-methyl ethan amine (D)N-cthyl methanamine ‘The name forthe structure Oca (A)Cyclohexanoyl chloride (B)Cyclohexane carbonyl chloride (©) I-Chloro cyelohexanal (D) Chioro cyclohexyl methanal 3-Methyl-2-pentanoneis ° CH, (A) CH, -C-CH-CH, -CH, (B) CH, ~CH=CH, ~CooH cH, (©) cHy=CH ESCH, -CHy ()CH,-CH,-CH-CH, cH, Thename of CIH,C-C=C-CH,CI aeconding to TUPAC nomenclature sysiemis: Br Br (A)2,3-Dibromo-1,4-dichloro-2-butene _ (B) 1.4-Dichloro-2,3-dibromobutene-2 (©)Dichloro dibromo butene (D) Dichloro dibromo butene ‘The systematic IUPAC name for CH, ~C- NH, and CH, ~C-Cl arc: ° (A) I-Amino-I-oxo ethane, 1-chloro ethanal_(B) !-Amono ethanal, acetoy chloride (©)1-Oxocthanamine, ethanoyl chloride (D) Fthanamide, Ethanoyl chloride The IUPAC name of the compound CH, -C=CH-C-NH, is: NH, OCH, O (A)4-Amido-2-methoxy-I-amino-2-butene (B)4-Amino-3-methoxy-2-butenamide (C)2-Methoxy-1,4-diamino-2-butenal (D)I-Amino-2-methoxy-3-amido propeneQi4 Qus Q.16 Q.17 Qs Quis H i Thecorstmame for [ "C—O: ‘OH (A)2-Hydroxy cyclopentanal (B)2-Formyl-1-hydroxy cyclopentane (C)2-Hydroxy cyclopentane carbaldehyde — (D) Cyclopentane-2-ol-I-al The TUPAC name of C1-C-OCH, is: oO (A)Ethoxy formyl chloride (B) Ethoxy methanoyl chloride (©Ethy! chloro methanoate (D) Ethoxy carbonyl chloride TUPAC name of CH, —CH-CH,-CH~CH, is: CH, cN (A)2-cyano-3-methy! hexane (B)3-methy!-5-ctabigexabe (©)2-4_Dimethy| pentanenitrile (D)2-cyano-3-methythexane Ho. PF beste UPAC name: (A)3.4-Dimethyl-I-penten-3-ol (B)Isopropyt-3-methyl vinyl carbinol (©)2.3-Dimethy!-4-penten-3-ol (D) None of the above Which ofthe following compound has wrong IUPAC name? (A) CH,CH, -CH,COO - CH3CH, (8) CH, -CH-CH, -CHO (El tno) Gu, (G- Methylbutanal) (©) CH, -CH-CH-CH, (0) CH, -CH-C-CH, -CHy OH CH, CH, O (2- Methyl -3- butanol) (2- Methyl — 3 - pentanone) TheTUPAC name ofthe compound is: (A) 1, I-dimethyt-3-cyclohexanol (B) 1, -dimethyt-3-hydroxy cyclohexane (©)3,3-dimethyl-1-cyelohexanol (D)3, 3-dimethy1-1-hydroxy cyclohexane a The IUPAC name of the compound is Br (A) 6-bromo-2-chlorocyclohexene (B)3-bromo-1-chlorocyclohexene (C) 1-bromo-3-chlorocyclohexene (D)2-bromo-6-chlorocyctohex-I-ene "ANSWERS QA) Q2(A) Q3(A) Q4(D) Q.5(C) Q.6(C) Q.7(B) Q.8(C) Q.9(B) Q.10 (A) Q.11 (A) Q.12(D) Q13(B) QI4(C) QIS(C) QU6(C) QI7(A) Q18(C) Q.19(C) Q20(B)NOMENCLATURE OF ALICYCLIC COMPOUNDS (A) Unsubstituted cyclocompounds: Prefix + word root + suffix Cyclo + no, of C+ ane /ene exam: _L\ O Cyclopropane —_Cyclobutane Cyclohexene (B) Substituted cyctic compound (closed + open chain saturated) Rule: o ‘If number of carbons in closed chain 2 no. of carbons in open saturated chain, then closed chain will be selected as parent chain. Example: A. oe of closed 2 chain) |-methyl cyclo propane Propyl cyclo pentane ir oer corr \ 1-{2-methyl propyl) cyclohexane). 1.(-niethy! butyl}-2-methyl cyclohexane (@__Ifnumber of carbons in open chain > closed chain => Open chain is parent chain 1 -tyclobuty! pentane 2-cyclopentyl-4-methyl hexane Y |-ethyl-2-methy! cyclobutane J-ethy!-1,1-dimethy! cyclopentane Rule: (Cyclic compounds with functional group is considered as parent chain : cool @ Cyclopropane carboxylic acid Cool COOH Cyclohexane-1.2-dicarboxylic acid21 CH.COOH CY Cyclohexyl ethanoic acid + IEFG (-COOH) present on both cyclic and non-cyclic then number of carbon atoms is considered. coon, CH,COOH | oT 3-carbaxymethyl cyclohexane carboxylic acid cyclopentyl cyclohexane ‘NH, J+cyclohexyl cyclopentune amine Af unsaturation (Multiple bond) present Rule: ‘Chain containing multiple bond is selected as parent chain 1 1 1 ~n~K{ Cy y 2 3-butyl cyclopropene —_I-cyclopentyyl ethene 3-cyclopentyl but-I-ene fring and non-cyelic side chain both containing double bond then check the number of C atoms and given parent chain. oy ! 2 3(prop-2-enyl) cyclo pent-I-ene Number of double bond is considered while selecting parent chain x 3 oY 3, 1-(cyclopent-2-enyl) buta-I,3-diene Incase of more than one multiple bond use suffix ‘a’ afler word root. Ch s 1 o S-propyl cyelohera-1, 3-dieneOr>g oO (Parent chain) Cyclobutyl cyclohexane carboxylate Lh {CH.CH,} O Cyclohexy| ethane carboxylate ~ Fil, *Curboxamide oO u 'NH-C- CH, -> N-Cyclohexyl ethanamide «(> W ee ° 45 OX] oro 2 OF ANS NOMENCLATURE OF BICYCLO COMPOUNDS Bicyclo compounds :Iftwo rings are fused at two common carbon atoms then compound are known as bicyclic compound. Bridge head ope | : ee . Two commonceten Bridge should be present © —_Unsubstituted bicyclo compounds Prefix. + | Numberingof + Suffix Bicyclo carbon atoms in each bridge in decreasing orderCO Biyclo (4.4.0) decane (Bridge head C not considered) “D Bicyclo [2.2.0] Hexane “<> Bicyclo [2,1,1] Hexane e( 1] Bicyclo (3,2,0] Heptane Substituted bicyclo (Bicycto with subtitution or functional group) In substituted bicyclic compounds numbering starts from a bridge head carbon atom and proceeds towards longest bridge then smaller bridge & then smallest bridge. 6 za sl 2-Chloro bicylo [2.2.1] heptane a 2s OJ bicylo [2.2.1] heptane-7-carboxy ie Bei + i og.

DOspiro carbon ay « be Name : Prefix + no. of carbon in bridges in increasing order + suffix. Spiro [2.4] heptane <<] Spiro [2.3] hexane % Spiro Spiro [4. 5] decane Rule for numbering :- In spiro compounds numbering starts from carbon of smaller ring which isnextto spiro carbon proceeds towards other carbon atoms of smaller ring then towards larger ring via spiro carbon atom. os Spiro [2.3] hexane-4-carborylic acid ‘Spiro [4'5] dec-7-&n-1-o1 e 2 NH, Ca 4 wm Cx Q) . ° Cement eine Orkber tase heaton id @G) v ro) 2-Chloro cyclopentane carboxylic acid (Cyclopent-3-ene-1-carboxamide(5) © Cyclopropy! cyclohexane ee. o ONE, ® y elopemne caboryc acd 2 ney ene eytochexaI-one 4 2 ; % I COOH ” (10) Ti 4-Cyclopenty! butanoic acid ‘$-Chioro cyclohex-2-en-amine j 1 $ ay a2 os Pata ee s 7 AR “ay 2 aay ‘Heal cyclopropene 1.2, 3ricyeto propyl cyclopropane oy ©, (16 $ ay x4 2-eyclopemy! eye pentanone Cyelot-2enecarbaldchyde (Cyclobexane-1, 3, $-rione Rule : - If more than one functional group is present at cyclic chain, then principal function group (PFG) is selected s ‘Ho % 2formyt cyclobutane carboryic acidWrite the IUPAC Nomenclature of following compounds : 0 OD 0G «OQ, a find 2 2) (10) 7 Y an wn LI a Coot ao ba, HL mes WOO mo bQ iol 5% ‘OOH iH, cHo g ANSWER (1) bicyelo[4.2.0] octane 2) bicyclo[4.3.0]non-7-ene 3) bicyelo [4.3.0] nonane-2-carboxylicacid (4) _bicyclo[4.2.0] octane-7-one (5) bicyelo [2.2.2] octane-2-carbmitrile (6) bicyclo[2.2.1] heptane-7- carboxylic acid (1) spiro [2.2.0] penta-1, 4-diene (8) spiro[4.5] decan-1-one (9) spiro [2.3] hexane (10) $-formy/ spiro 3.3] heptane-1-carboxylic acid (II) Boxo bicyclo [4.2.0] octane-2-carboxylic acid (12) &-methyl spiro [4.5] decan-I-amine (13) _-chloro spiro [5.5] undocane (14) 4-chloro spiro [4.4] nonan-I-ol (15) _-hydroxy spiro [2.5] octane-4-carboxylic acid(16) spiro [2.5] octan—l-one (17) _ bicyclo [3.2.0] hept-6-ene-2-carboxamide (18) 7-oxo spiro[4.4]nonane-I-carbaldehyde (19) _spiro[2.5] octane-1-carbaldchyde (20) bicyclo [2.2.0] hexan-2-one