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    David

    Uploaded by

    jorgemelendez

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 10
    gues OF PHTAT er wwe msn) (eb dc ae sex a Shea ett aid the nana baa SP nd neck eae anol me see ms poe. wa Pay anand tor al ater kings and 8 inter 5 Ssetiaton Power 1 cats a 5M same is ede did or didn Heb did ta canoe ae sates Thc nme nese She a nen nee ceerseaeon ar eeaian we deh ee cae a, has cats etree imp or i eS en nt lther nt Seen! Na tg af Glen ve T Sd Pt line themes woul ve fen Lee ani 23) sea a a a kanal wich wisn 7 Sic coneed one ths ory Soe, er Ro S1°% Set 98 Sey ee ann ld Ln Ce 12 te hse has een ba tae ty alread ye Ce “aban ated WHC yo oe te Teg Se betel and Desh eee {ater pr for sting Da” a ie a come srl fm Machines ans i and pac” a tonne cc inca aa hen preg he wetweho te Ca ot Si 2 Family Da ts the youngest of at leat eight sons of Jesse of Ueber (1 Sam 1712-14), and he had at east two (ster, Algal and Zerit a wel (1 Chr 216). ils mate's name is-unknomn, unless was. Nahash (86Carer 2 Samad AB, 32, 894), Six of bis brothers are {ei the yenealogy in Che 2:13-15; one may have et mthout hes and this been omit ths Hi See Maree Samael AB 27) Qu revi ancesty found in Ruth 418-22 and 115,48 wll Mat 12-0 ad Lake 33138 bavi au ofthese gees shows hn ay deena from Dah wih pnt apse of sowing the com tye fda epg wt he eal feet pain Gey 1090 1 He ancestry wa pally ton Tsar Maiev Rh, ad Cant, ie tia Theloaly thew mlasons make the point hat VEIWI wav to bet gly ead y nationalistic ‘enncentc expectations it bee of Dav. Dei ha eight ives who are named n Serpe, seven fof wh rei cidren the other betng Mica Sauls ‘lauhter 2 Sam 1123) the most prominent were Abigail (1'Simnel 25) and Bathsebn (2 Samuel 11-12}. He aso hha many anamed peste concubines, who Ukewse Fre him dude 1 Chr 3:9 143). David had ons who ave named alongwith one Ataughter in addon to numeroas unnamed sons and laughter ee DAVID, SONS. OF), His line continued tinbroken among the kings of Judah, andthe NT traces this ne vs tutes, toss Matt 5-17. Lake 3.25 SI}, Diss prominence ot Laas greatest king ands ‘mmportance a8 thelogal symbol sce DAVIDIC COVE: NANT) sett forthe spec intrest in his ine 6. ise t Power : th ins ih is drama en rte tm hue begs nacre sheperd Wideroesttrhienss ing oe ah a ‘eis tmnapal run “rough al wee Taine fine nach ring inh ino cw), SANS as a Dalai sinrodced in 1h a eet Ka oe ph Sena ty ni Mineo iene ym heed {Win tween Sauls oneness Belden ifs a eke es Seon sho nets: see ma SHI Ce Sia itt Sheet Dt the youre wesc lds weree aren ese Heaton ong sess Vitae gin isfy ovae pl anal ache Ray Cour he ane ine hts op arin te pee king. a Ean SENT soy pn Rin (a TER yatnad ater oer mice he inate piel ane f poate Ts ep gs Sand Dan gehen ema ot Snel onses pon rvs i Sy dele Ba wx medred Ss cut tae Se thn ae ming he aby sae il sheet Acted ye eas Hebece er fee {Fmt ak penalise, Sas hose itn 1s 22) 3" David and Gla. We see Di on wih ap op perunty ts dense lary paige he Key ry tb numer neh Cla am 7. insecure any aes ita andere cn! Son WBC, 168-5 Bo tReet) The ory he ET. pees tefl cee the Psi re aly of hear Sah he Mian were epeemed by oot “Gola! Gah (74 9) no's an wh ha pavin sean pan ot te bers eee ad sega eatin eb the aa nt con ca elena al iret a i vn on ity established! beret Ste heal ca Foose si state That say aol hae De coat the vy Aenea 1975 Hon at ‘Hah Meena hay dest onersates renee Duvakas eyes aa Canaanized dso ‘havea Gwe sape ofthe cy ssn eel) stout tng explana shat the rote of cape wa UP ‘Tg te water sll alone by Chars Wave flow ef of eater cachet (MeCarter Tab Anderson 2 Stmued WBC, 81-85 inet DAVID. CLTY OF ihe sony ef David's se ends wi dhe note that present exe poston was due 10 "-YHWH the God of Fess D, Consolidation of Power ‘he renith of Davids story now folios. Things went veel for hun miliary. administratively, and especially {urualeistling, however, that this portion of bis ie Fvenes such beef treatment 1 Material Successes I (2 Sam 5:11-28) There iit breakin ehought ere from the comment in 3:10, for we ce David being favored by God and man (3-11-12) and becoming a prolific father (:15-10). Furthermore. he had Fira te mlitgry sucess agaist the Philitines: both Came by means of VHWETs ighung on is behall (@:17— 2 Spiritual Successes (2 Sam 6:1-7:29). David's rl sous densities are shown here via his desires to bring fhe exiled ark back to frvsem and to build a suitable house for ae The account of the ark’s return concludes Siena sorte aboot its fortunes (1 Sam 41-71) usualy Clletvely referred to as the “Ark Narra.” In this ‘count David ie sen a somewhat insensitive to tit Felgious conventions regarding the ark (cf. Num 4:15), fhtnevertheless well-intentioned and enthusiastic. The ark tentually was brought to the Cay of David amid much ‘ciebration (2 Sam 6.3, 12-19), Dass wife Michal was fnbarraned by his vigorous celebrations, and she ended Up barren as ares (616, 20-28, effectively ehminating the posbilty that a descendant of Saul would have any hereditary clam to David's throne. Davids fortunes reached their peak with dhe significant sual grant eowerant that YHWH made with him (Sam {ie 7) assuting hi that he imself woud have a descen (dant on the throne in perpetuity (see DAVIDIG COVE. NANT. Kaser 1974, 198) It came in response to David ddste to build YHWH a house: YHWH instead promised Daud s sure house” (ke, dynasty) forever and assured fm using the language of dane adoption (McCarter 2 Samuel i, 207, Anerson 2 Samuel WBC, 122), cha his Son would be VHWH's son (el. Pss 2:7, 8:27-28—Eng 0:26.27). Davids response was a praer of gratitude (718-28) Thischapter ha ply been aed “the theolog Neal highight of the Books of Samuel if not ofthe Deuteronomistic History as. whole” (Anderson, 112, Decause of ts sigficant content and a importance Tater text on 11 (2 Sam 8:1-18). Flowing this 4. Material Suecess ; . nest ve a rather mundane cata ol inode li cos, over Phistines and Ne Deva be fies 1-2) ram ars), al of hs 2 sa ay tne ee of Dav Aion 6h, Mb-19) TT che Mediterranean in the W the N presse: i tear ch of Tranyordan inthe E. and it ert inthe S00 ‘nth Sina leer pirates inthe N ch: 24 vig 8) domites(8:15-14) and ian by the hing of Hamath raher that VEWH was she the Eup 3 ame tn i einen 58 ler. he “ingame ty fa of Das ce adnate ebayer ce 8) Ang hse a Za ad Ae et (516-10. avd pret ate we see Zh lech ho rcpt (2025 cf MeCater2 Sma an Ard eles ne 365-671) Dads onsalso were "priests" (818), E, Decline “Theres of thet news ae tin ge flo eat etesset him Gee G2 bel) Toute nad: Mephibosheth. The early promises co Jotatean cee now flied David sought tos Kind Jonathan ere ndant of Sal's for the sake of his covenant ae aan (2 Sam 2-13: cL 1 Sam 20-14-17 te) smh Jonattacern was more than merely a personal one for ‘That int tae ou by the several references (0 the tn iba Sal sserant whe ater woul prove rea ds fs alii intestce Dv 10 ean kena Mephisto would ot have fo ae tare his throne tut cE. 16°) and David toot him 9. he Ammonite WarI. David had a series of ite enone ita ammonite Aramea coalition (2 Sa SnTetdscf 1226-31 andthe summary in 3-8) We se tin inating a rendy encounter with the Ammenite ting but beng rebuted (ih 1-3). after whi he sen an my against Ammonites, who by Unstime had ented runes help general fu ictry mas followed by dnotheratempl-ake unscesfl-—by the coalion 1 defeat Intact 0-619). The account crus to shone Dav making peace with the Arumeans (1019) and to set the Sage forthe sory of his great sine (11) 3 David and Bathsheba The “Bathseb Atl” (2 sam Tte1225, MeCarer 2 Soma AB. 177) forms Cri tuning pont im Davids ie. Peor 10 ths. e prospered greaiy afterward his personal frtunes mere say dined 3 emons unknown, Davi id ot go with his amy 10 doturther bate withthe Ammonites (111) is presence in rusalem afforded him an apport to notice Bah Sheba bathing and to dsre her. He set for her and onsummated his dest, after which she oncened (11 2- 5B cover his chon sent for her usd, i, who had been seth the army, howeer. Uriah refused 10 cer so Boe wef pan ae ea were away cogaged intl. so Dard arranged 10 base ‘hum killed (thereby achieving some personal Satisfaction peshaps, bat sll aot soln fs problem of paternity) tory of David concerns events in which ‘Toystander. After an auspicious “in following which numer eat oy Hk Math a bi ie 2 Meal ret sta se Naan the pc ye natant ate wan 2 seme IN Se tale seal an Win a de ate rosa tame theron aslo ean "peaeable) and" wo Alar VEWTEY TE BE 25) see yee Me thi rte mean “i ie “Ue Art hte Aten pal ad MANS ake tilly and wo le the ae ho heer didnot poe a threat o Isl sn ets Sone From he pepe of cs 3 oe cps Eng 2S ive to clarity the picture somewhat, since two of ie 0 cy" Amton and Abaco ied Ae eam the perspective of the story of Davi himself Me a eels sho no-one hese? aoe ee Pa weak np TOE cp AEE one BD) Me ie enue Soe sm ANSON sped hi al iner ce Me ato tr ABSALOM Dr td Arnona th ed oes he ote Mama oth ent Cale, were rot ean 18-383) pe eee ee che mys aa rh mung eo he I iw brought ek tough he cor eee Sd and epic, wo termed tne sae oe Ero manger’ ava brened mother aa eas his war threncd 2) oe reg mo cae i mere, te ve yaaa heehee a ingen Da ere Aan eae Mig mn cme mons one ie Baber an on fly ee ream he ome prec on Absa es) Stead meer, Abb Da ace ca sai cnn us ener 1) eo ‘cls be made Lng a Hebron, hae ad the ‘cuts faery acannon nga ear eH te an el sa wesc mal Stretton nuded te dtcion 0 hie of ie! Daal) Bea more ee em ruse, alg wi sz M hi he oe al in Stunt Dorie te gh, sd oe C82, 9), ad did work rather elect, at turbed owt) 0 “Sethi eon Hee i eater Sento ah sty (13128, wa ot the three ‘tenerals io ‘then led the successful battle Spi An 8) ede se pe atk ed ‘Matha o cum wath kt een (520 2 tsp wna ip 1932-2.) eked atv rene Ue etc Abels we ga ite 150) ee avi Me mer dem , Mc (12 9, Ha ee thew ah payer (113-1128) hes Saute eae a Bia one Ses, whe cuts nase UA) thet esos wl ah 117 ig 1184, ollncing Dans departure, Aa entered ruse Nem (115) Aopen to cost be est se ing aig he fas eee, wih Kredit 1620-2) He a couse lect sk that ‘ult Kil ny Daw [17-1) cour Athol nc, Dav agen Hh aie area ma {ton instead, nd Absalom tok ths ace. which frompled Apel to angst (179-18, 2, YitWits hand could be seem inchs ines Ashore! tad been god counsel (1714: the delay in eran ‘ied Ha send word David about sms Plans, ia the wo pest uns thin etn the age For hear contonain (17 1-2 “rhe confonauon took pace across the Jordan i the dense ores of Ephraim i Ged. Absalom es, un der Amacs, vere no mat for Diss seasoned floes, ter fab Asha and and many were 0 she Sword othe fore 18 1-8) Absa hea ie rab. and word of his death was brought o Baad 089- Sethe moving climax of the soy reached aorupy in Dandy ean ois son's death and is pong iaent (81g 183), 8 ils Reversion, Immediately following Abs lomis death (2 Sam 199 [Eng 101-2030), there was 2 poner vaca m fram and ome confsion owt Bids proper eins renowed nat since te ha 0 elec, ber depend asking ison. The ston was Sggraced by Deeds prolonged preoccupation with Ab ‘Elms death caer an wath vl fines ater Sharp rebate yf, Dard reo ake is etl place inate t bani (92-95 11-8) ‘ovdhsouth tenuothat had been vnble erin (chaps 23) now revue T he perv Isac Da oun the elders of his ow se Jah and yas mceped by them au hing upon hi return 0 Gordan Heal courted Amass,Abalos generl 10 the cucu of hs own general Joa (18-16-—Eng abs). hs appoinent by David of Anata commander of tis ary nas type ofthe magnanty and of the for. fread orc tie that sre prsented i connecon Sth Dads reurn. David ao fog Se. who ba Tend him eric, and be snared Mephisaheth of Hx for espe questions that had aren aout Bs va GEST eng 19.1680). Ben Zs, Sauls servant re (dined Dav fnor despite his devepuon_ 19:3)—EDg 9, cE LOLA, Dna ao meted Barat, who had Tele i hen be wn gh (1727-29 conan ween te fete Bara sent his on stead tlyeeite ag 9 31-40) ‘Whe Died fad been acimed in Judah, the men of Ine fle they had not been properly induded sis Hur (19 a-44—Eng 941-43). The discontent ee te bass forthe brie suces ofthe evo agus ow ; SS ica : ins foot seal ab Nei ah pa a elo 8 vee sae cn 2 ute 02S helical postion a ee meetin Ams vpned ae aoweval and SERENA Rae lle Wineaber ol a8 trot ate eae Wana a pn Ls ods Dai j alms Las Dee ine ina chap ot? Se Ho ds TS 278-77) A SNES cermin of sen of 0 Oe ‘erie here donpied det nH Fh weaknes particulary evident ‘hs weakness forme an appropriate leadin bipOeTT soa ea nhc TEE rece the ce or Pinos coe, The prose intra Sis cnermes: (and ot jost Saul as YVHWWH delivered him, rendering appropt Inelnaen ever aceoumts of thee Tine pn cloen (2:31) with 2 reference important Davie covenan ‘Masher pen allore wich we abo see a theoretic plas the-testament™ of David (281-7), Here David themes pln of Tara" abo i deemed the anointed rhe Gad of coh” (28:1), and the everlasting Devic Cyenant i once gin emphasized (23:5). The poe so Speaks the ideal rl, of which David was the Provorype (ch Pals 12) Annes kst of Davids heroes follows 23:8-89) The ist cry significa, wath Uriah, whom David had led {his abrupt reminder of a major blot on Davi’ record ‘eres eftectely tontroduce nother episode in which he 21 Summed (hap. 24). especialy sine he paral Tit of Ins herues in I Chr 1-25-47 occurs aeiferent context tnd sds sone I addtional names after Uriah “Another sory now follows (241-25) in which Dai, responding to 2 handing of YHWHs wrath, numbered the’ people in an apparent gesture of ck of faith, The puntthnent which David et allowed to choose—was a Jer plague upon the people. David then purchased the tina hat ulimately woud Serve a8 the ste ofthe vemple, and he offered sities there that averted VHWHs an ser The books of Samuel end with a note of VAWH's Fraciousnes for the ske ofthe land (2435: 2114) ‘Two Contentious Sons. David's hnal devine al de nse wete accompanied bya somewhat unacemly struggle forsucession between Mona his oldest suring so, ‘and Solon, Batseba fate (U Kgs 11-2512) The Tobe condition of David (1:14, 13} prompted Adon tivclam the trove and have hinsell acclaimed a king 5-10) His boldness was partly due to Daal’ falute ‘ones from te the pans bof his ile co the al 6 ef the similar com d om i et uy eh emped e sa Meise of Fe deeting D4 at pm ot nh, Hen ree Ng Bi Sm at sed of (38-33) 0 mi Prt hag 1-3) an | eed on char pr vest ws ed the Da gene 4090 eect San ite an after ot! Own Heart AM ce He DS a te Won As ahs” pero ra hn the godly Ling Cae tol 2 Sim cae shorn Fn ht a ENG and (more Amportantl) divinely chy. er amet ict a sae lot Tet eG ex fot hs Ammoite ames 2 el wh we iti, re es ramig David foal else ‘Sin a hi Ba ean ete pale (164-42), and a a to bn the epi of sata eel sai otra for fe a heepers of the teases, officer, Son aA tad of Dads lat mde to ono seve wbich he encouraged them vel ee en an ln 2 David that emerges in 1 Chronicles is cot al on ean a oa accion Gok ely «ae frees forthe ates ele ‘onc ei and Me pe Cas = int ad the nate ad mento) ioe! Mn amt elements in the book. The notice i meh al ore nd eee Chr 2928, 50 : sant Prophets Wiking ad te ane in the Bible, Dand is important not so. a dere ot nf soe or Se a i tool rata alt ae tts aver upon the notion ere DAVIN Sra wis cE the Later Prophets, David and. his cst tei apne hy peat sac ae nea ie end pt cae ae nthe fees Bo pen ac et ima hale pine 1 ie ern a i a iba pins a sunt tla ae Se ih nar 150 pe) Far eter pase Paes Depirenctt (ee 198 ake pn 1 te er Mey Ds Lgl ae NE eee ee aa pak theo anita gence 6. Sources and Methods forthe Study of David 1 tiey Soures Ieated in the Bible. The 1a tel ores for our knowledge of Did ae he Unset and Samuel and 1 Chronles The Be ao stam docaents hat o longer ex in which infor. Sant Dd nan conan the “Book of kr 4S 1 the “Chrome of Samuc he Seer the "ies f Nhu the Prophet" and he “Choices ‘UadineSe? (1 Che 3:2, eal ccs ha de much to the stay whi parla nan 2 Sec), where there ate (lst rans at tnany pois (NAT. Ulrich 1978 Mt Sed AB, B10) in addon, the recent eng the Cronies ance van ene ‘Sami Samuel and king alo has helped the 4 Ds Ack 477, Samer 198) st Bs Pe bavi Ssnees Not dis foe nen wre the bail vets forthe county Daas ie One apres the tent fa fan Sane) me ier sade ciferert shes with Aleve yes anal perspeetos(Wehasen 1871, but ‘sta ammo tay apres he dominant prac th vent has iene ton map dacamerte i Lan 2 Semel elated to David aint generally known a the Tlisory of David's Rise 0 ave Power” Samet 10-2 Samuel 3) ad the Swccessio orcas | Rrra” (2 Samuel 3-20, Kings 12) While Larger document have ben proposed suchas Carpalls “Prophetic Record” (1986) exh ‘Dewteronomatic History (NDA), and Fredman’s “Po snary History" UDBSp, 226.28) wo primary Dadi Mdcuments re seen aang een incorporate nto these lately unsure “The “History of Davis Rie” as fst named in, 1926 by Rowe (882 cf Lemche 1978; MeCarter ?Somt AB) il is purpose hasbeen seen to legate Davids hig ‘hip by reporting on his se to power in rosa from hhune beginnings a 2 shepher by, or by funetoning 2 an “apology defense against rious charges tha David aegitntely supe power fom Saul. Alou fenerly analaed as pole propaganda. is essential Tisonca sean tual as been accepted. Poste etalations ach ths partiult have applied to the second document, the "Sxcesion Narratne (aso Caled te "Cour Hino of Dave) (Ros 182; Wav the suceesion 0 Divide throne generally or a6 2 Sol Ionic apogee specbcly, Whe he politcal oF ther Jgendas have been suesed sisal” character as en prased at perhape the ones example inthe Hebrew Bible of "bj sorigeaphy. most likely writen by {cow observer ofthe cout. Een this nom questioned Ihonevee (Guns 1973: Hagan 1979" Whitelam 1084. Ack ‘rman 198. Nevertheless general hstonvcal orienta ‘on ands delightful Merary ast are no seriously ‘questaned 3: Literary Approaches. While the approaches just mentioned ate, ely speaking, “herary a third ap: preach has reer arten that focutes upon the rece tr final form of the texts rather than upon hypothetical “dcuments that may hat existed prio tothe text Binal venting or redaction Here, the approuches vary widely, gig Tom srutwal or foal treatments that te ppmanly descrip of literary techniques okkelmann TO 1986, Garsel 1985) or that go beyond thio identity larger narrate purposes or agendas (Guns 1978, 1980 Fosn 1989; Bowman fe) o patactaral oF dose ‘ont treatments that sce meaning as indeterminate (utter intentional Soo not) i any tex (Mal 1083, 47148 1080; Cun 1980. ing 1978: 4-25) ‘4 Archaeological Historical Approaches, Arche ‘logy has protled another. abet Tamted. svenie by Such to atdy David Here, the contnbuton i generally to provide an understanding of the various contexte sora, plies, conomie socologial—in whith he lined: Dai became king a the beginning ofthe Tron TL ‘Age (ea 1000-386 nc), whch eneompased the golden bavi yu at 1 Aske ean one seme 4 «hanks at pal ans 2) mena en Cie 12 KER na seta tg pis 8 US ins gas ta fate a scam ite ae ats, Soe pest sant Heese nt ei 8H 6) Dist ‘lta ave as peeps a EX etn hate LA ling apd ERT ssn oped toa the petal Proslone tern tr somtelate wih the lca da * Duna cha at gone expan! he mera see eo aa oe heap emparsst Mesto and xy ee aunt net hun Pat ale exten he des (oem ot elo gra ee ese hasan ace wih eet al Kilo de wth Tre Otherwise hs eration reheat eps wath the Pisin, "nh fay aunt no eta 182 1151 Tie 18 ote eration see i 7 {oe ei sn archeological aprons ae satin hol” apache Tee te tbe BO ‘apa n nature eral, coming the Mera a sme wah any amination en a an her Ta, Mel $C Himes many scree sepa abut the pov er seer tre pace ofthe ‘hs David Sogn TRE 1-68; Mer and Has | sai) 140-96) other Approaches. The ieriry approaches men sume 4 Nowe Bren dominant he 198, tor the cade has bute der “iene eee a es Hive semd ty te we of might rm nay eer

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