GRAM POSITIVE BACTERIA

Name Common Disease Cause Prevention Treatment

Name
Staphylococcus S. aureus  Bloodstream infections: When People can help  Antibiotics
Aureus a catheter that is inserted in a prevent the  Sometimes
spread of these
vein has remained in place for a surgical removal
bacteria by
long time of infected bone
always
 Endocarditis: When people thoroughly and/or foreign
inject illegal drugs or have an washing their material
artificial heart valve or when a hands with
catheter inserted in a vein is soap and water
or applying an
infected
alcohol-based
 Osteomyelitis: When Staphyloco
hand sanitizer.
ccus aureus spreads to the bone
from an infection in the
bloodstream or from an infection
in nearby soft tissue, as may occur
in people with deep pressure
sores or foot sores due to
diabetes
 Lung infection
(pneumonia): When people have
had influenza (particularly) or a
bloodstream infection, when
people are taking corticosteroids
or drugs that suppress the
immune system
 (immunosuppressants), or when
they are hospitalized because
they need tracheal intubation and
mechanical ventilation
(called hospital-acquired
pneumonia)

Bacillus Subtilis  hay B.subtilis is non-pathogenic but can DISINFECTIO The organism was
bacillus or  contaminate food and be considered an N sensitive in vitro to both
grass opportunistic pathogen among the B. penicillin and
bacillus immuno-compromised. They are used on subtilis endospo streptomycin in
seeds, vegetables, and plants as a res serve as one concentrations
fungicide because of their ability to of the models obtainable in
produce antibiotics. B.subtilis inhabits for evaluating vivo. Treatment with
the root system of the plant completing the effectiveness penicillin (815,000
with disease causing organisms. Some B. of sporicides units total dosage) was
subtilis strains are capable of producing and sterilants. successful. Penicillin is
toxins for insects. These strains are used suggested in
by farms to protect their crops. the treatment of B. subti
lis infections.
Streptococcus Lactococc endocarditis caused by L. You can reduce Initial empiric therapy
Lactis us lactis lactis subsp. lactis (formerly Streptococc the risk of in patients with
us lactis)  Endocarditis is an infection of bacterial endoca suspected endocarditis s
the endocardium, which is the inner rditis by hould include
lining of your heart chambers and heart practicing good vancomycin or
valves. Endocarditis generally occurs oral hygiene ampicillin/sulbactam
when bacteria, fungi or other germs from habits every (Unasyn) plus an
another part of your body, such as your day. Good oral aminoglycoside (plus
mouth, spread through your bloodstream health is rifampin in patients
and attach to damaged areas in your heart generally more with prosthetic valves).
effective in Valve replacement
reducing your should be considered in
 risk of selected patients with
bacterial endoca infectious endocarditis.
rditis than is
taking preventiv
e antibiotics
before certain
procedures.
Coccus  cocci The Gram-positive cocci are the leading Apply recognised Ampicillin is the drug
pathogens of humans. It is estimated that hygiene measures of choice if the isolate
they produce at least a third of all the is susceptible. For
bacterial infections of humans, penicillin allergic
including strep throat, pneumonia, otitis patients or in patients
media, meningitis, food poisoning, with ampicillin-
various skin diseases and severe types of resistant strains,
septic shock. The Gram-negative cocci, vancomycin would be
notably the neisseriae, the first line therapy.
cause gonorrhea and meningococcal For bacteremia caused
meningitis. by vancomycin-
resistant enterococci
(VRE), the choices
include daptomycin
and
quinupristin/dalfoprist
in.