Database Management System 1

Data Manipulation Language

Lesson Objective
After completing this lesson, the student should be
able to:
 Insert new values in the table using the
INSERT statement.
 Modify existing values in the table using the
UPDATE statement
 Delete existing row using DELETE statement.
 Data Manipulation Language
 A DML statement is executed when you:
 Add new rows to a table using INSERT statement
 Modify existing rows in a table using UPDATE
statement
 Remove existing rows from a table using DELETE
statement
 What is a transaction
A transaction is consists of a collection of Data
Manipulation Language (DML) statements that
form a logical unit of work.
 INSERT statement
 Insert a new row containing values for each column.
 List values in the default order of the columns in the
table.
 Optionally, list the columns in the INSERT clause.
 Enclose character and date values within single quotation
marks.
 Add new rows to a table by using the INSERT statement:
 INSERT statement cont.
 Syntax:
INSERT INTO tbl_name values (column_list);
 In the syntax:
o TBL_NAME - Is the name of the table
o COLUMN_LIST - Is the name of the column in the table to populate
o VALUES - Is the corresponding value for the column
 Example:
INSERT INTO STUDENTS VALUES
(500,'REYES','ANNA','BSIS','1');
Inserting Rows with Null Values
1. Implicit method: Omit the column from the column list.
 Example:
INSERT INTO STUDENTS
(USN_ID,LASTNAME)
VALUES (502,'CUBAO');
2. Explicit method: Specify the NULL keyword in the VALUES clause.
 EXAMPLE:
INSERT INTO STUDENTS VALUES
(505,'ABIOG','SHIELA',NULL,NULL);
 Changing Data in a Table
 Modify existing values in a table with the UPDATE statement:

 Syntax:

UPDATE TBL_NAME
SET COLUMN = NEW VALUES
[WHERE CONDITION];
 In the syntax:
 Tbl_name - Is the name of the table
 set column - Is the name of the column in the table to populate
– new_value - Is the corresponding value or subquery for the column
– condition - Identifies the rows to be updated, should apply either
Comparison Condition, Logical Condition or apply a subquery.
 Changing Data in a Table cont.
 Example: 1 column
UPDATE STUDENTS
SET FIRSTNAME = 'MARVIN'
WHERE USN_ID=502;
• Updating two columns in one UPDATE statement.
– To update to or more columns in one UPDATE statement put a comma (,) after
each column called in the SET clause.

 Example:
UPDATE STUDENTS
SET YR_LVL='IRREG', LASTNAME = 'ABIOG'
WHERE USN_ID = 505;
 DELETE Statement

 You can remove existing rows from a table by

using the DELETE statement:
 Syntax:
DELETE FROM TBL_NAME
WHERE CONDITION;
 Example:
DELETE FROM STUDENTS
WHERE YR_LVL='1';
Lesson Summary:

In this lesson, you should have learned the

following.

 Insert into to add new rows in a table

 Update to modify existing values is a table

 Delete to remove specific rows in a table