Lesson 1:

Introduction

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Prepared by: Ms. Czarina Mae C. Legaspi
 Article II, Section 13 of the 1987
Philippine Constitution emphasizes
that women are a vital aspect of
nation-building, and their inclusion in
societal structures and processes are
key towards equality and development
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Prepared by: Ms. Czarina Mae C. Legaspi
 In 2016, the Philippines ranked 7th in the
World Economic Forum
world for gender equality by the World
Economic Forum. Global Gender Gap Report
The Global Gender Gap Index was first 16
introduced by the World Economic Forum 14
in 2006 as a framework for capturing the
12
magnitude of gender-based disparities and
tracking their progress over time. The index 10

Rank
benchmarks national gender gaps on 8
economic, education, health and political
6
criteria and provides country rankings that
allow for effective comparisons across 4
regions and income groups. The rankings 2
are designed to create global awareness of 0
the challenges posed by gender gaps and

2006
2007

2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014

2016
2017
2018
2020
2008

2015
the opportunities created by reducing them.

© 2019 | NOT FOR SALE

Prepared by: Ms. Czarina Mae C. Legaspi
Discrimination Today

© 2019 | NOT FOR SALE

Prepared by: Ms. Czarina Mae C. Legaspi
 Discrimination Today
In the reproductive sphere,
or in the household, childcare is a
primary task that has been left
mostly to women in a majority of
societies.

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Prepared by: Ms. Czarina Mae C. Legaspi
 Discrimination Today
Pay Gap – women earn less than men. In fact, in
the United States, for each one dollar ($1.00) a
man earns, a woman will only earn 80 cents
($0.80) even if they have the same qualifications,
and the same responsibilities.

Glass Ceiling – certain attitudes and beliefs about

women’s abilities limit the positions they can
attain in a company. Most likely, women will be
left to do menial jobs as compared to men of the
same qualifications – such discrimination is based
solely on them being women.
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Prepared by: Ms. Czarina Mae C. Legaspi
 Discrimination Today
Generally speaking, in most societies, women are
often perceived as the weaker sex.
In India and Pakistan, their traditional
communities prevents women from
obtaining education
The impoverished women of
Bangladesh are not generally
allowed to take loans or even
interact with development
workers who sought to organize
them in a savings coop
© 2019 | NOT FOR SALE
Prepared by: Ms. Czarina Mae C. Legaspi
 Discrimination Today
Generally speaking, in most societies, women are
often perceived as the weaker sex.
Women of Saharan Africa are still
subjected to female circumcision, or
genital mutilation, to control their
sexual desires

In East Asia, women without husbands are

deemed not valuable, such that they are
killed or forced to commit suicide when
they are without male guardians
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Prepared by: Ms. Czarina Mae C. Legaspi
 Discrimination Today
Discrimination against women may be
less obvious here in the Philippines.
Women in the country are recognized
as capable in many areas of life,
protected by numerous laws and
against discrimination due to sex.
Women in the Philippine culture are seen as
primarily responsible for childbearing, childrearing,
and keeping the family whole. This responsibility is
not in itself a problem; however, this belief excuses
or even excludes men from participating in the
nurturing of their children, and prevents women
from entering public domain, limiting women’s roles
as active partners in industry, nation-building, and
wealth creation.

In Philippine society, where human fullness is defined by production,

consumption, and wealth accumulation, reproductive roles in the home
are often ascribed to women

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Prepared by: Ms. Czarina Mae C. Legaspi
 Discrimination Today
The problem with being a woman in a
patriarchal society is that most women
cannot define themselves and free to
enact their full capabilities. Numerous
oppressive forces define the female
identity in ways that exclude women from
creative participation in their shared
communities, or in our case, the nation that
serves commerce
Women are not expected to have the capacity to
have the capacity to make complex decisions
regarding production schedules of large
corporations or understand the intricacies of military
strategy. They are thought to be inadequate for the
complexities of governance of the civil or religious
government because of their supposed docile
nature and weak temperament
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Prepared by: Ms. Czarina Mae C. Legaspi
 Discrimination Today
If women are considered subordinates
of men and powerless in the society
they live in, the injustices against women
abound because, in whatever
endeavors, women are still living in a
world shaped by male values.
Discrimination perhaps is the first and most
important problem that women face. Women are
meant to flourish in a world defined by men and
male priorities. Although women are possibly
different in their way of doing things, what they
value, what they feel, and how they learn, they are
still assessed according to men’s standards and
defined by men’s systems. Thus, women have a
difficult time realizing their potentials and excelling
because their ways are not the norm that defines
our creative functioning in society.
© 2019 | NOT FOR SALE
Prepared by: Ms. Czarina Mae C. Legaspi
 Thanks!
Any questions?
You can email them at clegsapi.coa@tip.edu.ph

© 2019 | NOT FOR SALE

Prepared by: Ms. Czarina Mae C. Legaspi