The ORDER BY clause’s purpose is to sort the query result by specific columns.

The GROUP BY clause’s purpose is summarize unique combinations of columns values.

SELECT SalesOrderID,
ProductID,
OrderQty* UnitPrice As ExtendedPrice
FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail
ORDER BY SalesOrderID
ELECT SalesOrderID,
SUM(OrderQty* UnitPrice) As TotalPrice
FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail
GROUP BY SalesOrderID
INDEX
The index is usually defined on one or more columns of a table.
It has the ordered column and pointers to rows in the table. Indexes are the
fastest way to access DB2 data. Indexes reduce search-time.
A JOIN clause is used to combine rows from two or more tables, based on a related
column between them.
SELECT Orders.OrderID, Customers.CustomerName, Orders.OrderDate
FROM Orders
INNER JOIN Customers ON Orders.CustomerID=Customers.CustomerID;
The LEFT JOIN keyword returns all records from the left table (table1), and the
matched records from the right table (table2).
The result is NULL from the right side, if there is no match.
The RIGHT JOIN keyword returns all records from the right table (table2), and the
matched records from the left table (table1).
The result is NULL from the left side, when there is no match.

The PRIMARY KEY constraint uniquely identifies each record in a table.

foriegn key is aprimary key on another table (parent table)and that can be reffered
in child table with othe column/same column

A table can have only one primary key, which may consist of one single or of
multiple fields.