2018-Oct-Nov-4 Physics

Cambridge International Examinations
Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education
PHYSICS 0625/11
Paper 1 Multiple Choice (Core) October/November 2018
45 minutes
Additional Materials: Multiple Choice Answer Sheet
Soft clean eraser
*2777991637*
Soft pencil (type B or HB recommended)
READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST
Write in soft pencil.

Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid.
Write your name, Centre number and candidate number on the Answer Sheet in the spaces provided
unless this has been done for you.
DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.
There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions. For each question there are four possible
answers A, B, C and D.
Choose the one you consider correct and record your choice in soft pencil on the separate Answer Sheet.
Read the instructions on the Answer Sheet very carefully.
Each correct answer will score one mark. A mark will not be deducted for a wrong answer.
Any rough working should be done in this booklet.
Electronic calculators may be used.
Take the weight of 1.0 kg to be 10 N (acceleration of free fall = 10 m / s2).
The syllabus is approved for use in England, Wales and Northern Ireland as a Cambridge International Level 1/Level 2 Certificate.
This document consists of 16 printed pages.
IB18 11_0625_11/2RP
© UCLES 2018 [Turn over
2
1 A pendulum is set in motion and timed. The time measured for 20 complete swings is 30 s.
What is the time for one complete swing of the pendulum?
A 0.67 s B 0.75 s C 1.5 s D 3.0 s
2 The diagrams are distance-time graphs for four bodies.
Which body is moving with an increasing speed?
A B
distance distance
0 0
0 time 0 time
C D
distance distance
0 0
0 time 0 time
3 A runner runs 300 m at an average speed of 3.0 m / s. She then runs another 300 m at an average
speed of 6.0 m / s.
What is her average speed for the total distance of 600 m?
A 2.0 m / s B 4.0 m / s C 4.5 m / s D 8.0 m / s
4 Which quantity is measured in newtons?
A energy
B mass
C weight
D work
© UCLES 2018 0625/11/O/N/18

3
5 Four identical steel blocks are placed on a balance. The reading on the balance is 220 N.
What is the mass of one steel block?
A 5.5 kg B 22 kg C 55 kg D 88 kg
6 A liquid has a volume of 0.040 m3 and a mass of 30 000 g.
What is the density of the liquid?
A 0.075 kg / m3 B 7.5 kg / m3 C 750 kg / m3 D 7500 kg / m3
7 The unstretched lengths and extension-load graphs are shown for each of four different springs.
Which spring is the longest when a load of 5.0 N is hung from each spring?
A B
unstretched length 65 mm unstretched length 90 mm

100 100
extension 90 extension 90
/ mm 80 / mm 80
70 70
60 60
50 50
40 40
30 30
20 20
10 10
0 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
load / N load / N
C D
unstretched length 105 mm unstretched length 110 mm

100 100
extension 90 extension 90
/ mm 80 / mm 80
70 70
60 60
50 50
40 40
30 30
20 20
10 10
0 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
load / N load / N
© UCLES 2018 0625/11/O/N/18 [Turn over

4
8 A car moves along a level road.
The diagram shows all of the horizontal forces acting on the car.
800 N
air resistance
2000 N force
500 N from engine
friction
Which statement is correct?
A The car is slowing down.

B The car is speeding up.
C The car is moving at a constant speed.
D The car is moving backwards.
9 Which force and distance produce the smallest moment about a pivot?
A a 6.0 N force at a perpendicular distance of 4.0 m from the pivot

B a 7.0 N force at a perpendicular distance of 6.0 m from the pivot
C a 10 N force at a perpendicular distance of 4.0 m from the pivot
D a 12 N force at a perpendicular distance of 3.0 m from the pivot
10 Which device is designed to convert chemical energy into kinetic energy?
A an a.c. generator
B a battery-powered torch
C a car engine
D a wind-up mechanical clock
11 A man climbs a ladder.
Which two quantities can be used to calculate the useful power of the man?
A the weight of the man and the time taken only

B the weight of the man and the vertical distance moved only
C the work done by the man and the time taken only
D the work done by the man and the vertical distance moved only
© UCLES 2018 0625/11/O/N/18

5
12 A manometer is used to measure the pressure of gas inside a metal container.
gas
metal
container liquid
What is the pressure inside the container?
A equal to the atmospheric pressure

B greater than the atmospheric pressure
C less than the atmospheric pressure but greater than zero
D zero
13 A manometer is used to measure the pressure of a gas supply.
manometer
connection
to gas supply
h
liquid
Which change gives a greater value of height h ?
A using a less dense liquid

B using a more dense liquid
C using a narrower tube
D using a wider tube

6
14 During evaporation of a liquid, the more energetic molecules escape. The temperature of the
remaining liquid changes.
Which row identifies where these molecules escape from and describes the temperature change?
molecules temperature of
escape from the remaining liquid
A body of the liquid decreases

B body of the liquid increases
C surface of the liquid decreases
D surface of the liquid increases
15 Diagram 1 shows apparatus being used to observe smoke particles.
Diagram 2 shows how a smoke particle moves randomly.
diagram 1 diagram 2
eye
random
movement
microscope
air molecules
light and
smoke particles
Why do the smoke particles move randomly?
A They are hit by air molecules.

B They are less dense than air.
C They are moved by convection currents.
D They gain energy from the light.
© UCLES 2018 0625/11/O/N/18

7
16 The distance between two electricity pylons is 60 m. An engineer fits a cable of length 62 m
between the pylons.
Why does the engineer choose a cable that is longer than the distance between the two pylons?
A to allow for contraction of the cable in cold weather

B to create a slope in the cable for electrons to flow down
C to keep the current low and the voltage high
D to reduce magnetic fields around the cable
17 Some ice is slowly heated and its temperature is measured. A graph is plotted of temperature
against time.
100
temperature / °C
X
0
–10 time
Which row describes what happens to the thermal energy and to the temperature in section X?
thermal energy temperature of ice
A gained by ice rises

B gained by ice stays the same
C not gained by ice rises
D not gained by ice stays the same

8
18 Some of the Sun’s radiation passes through a prism. The diagram shows the spectrum of the
radiation.
Which point on the screen does the infra-red radiation reach?
prism
radiation
from the
Sun
not v
isi
red ble
A
e B
ibl C
no v vis
t v iole
isi t
ble
screen D
19 On a cold day, a shiny metal rod feels colder to the touch than a black plastic rod.
Which statement explains this observation?
A The metal rod is a better absorber of infra-red radiation than the plastic rod.
B The metal rod is a better thermal conductor than the plastic rod.
C The metal rod is a worse absorber of infra-red radiation than the plastic rod.
D The metal rod is a worse thermal conductor than the plastic rod.
20 A boat moves up and down repeatedly as a water wave passes it.
Which name is given to the number of up-and-down movements of the boat per unit time?
A amplitude
B frequency
C speed
D wavelength
© UCLES 2018 0625/11/O/N/18

9
21 Plane water waves travel from a shallow region into a deeper region. They travel more quickly in
the deeper water.
shallow water
boundary
wave
direction
deep water
Which diagram shows the wave pattern in the deeper water?
A B C D
22 A parallel beam of light is incident on a plane mirror.
Which diagram shows how the beam is reflected by the mirror?
A B
C D
spectrum

10
23 The diagram shows a parallel, cylindrical light beam of diameter d incident on a thin converging
lens. A screen is placed a distance equal to two focal lengths 2f from the lens.
2f
beam of light screen

lens
Which diagram shows the size of the spot of light seen on the screen?
A B C D
d d 2d
2
24 Different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum are used for different purposes. Below are four
statements about parts of the spectrum.
statement 1: Infra-red waves are used in television remote controllers.

statement 2: Radio waves are used to transmit television pictures from satellites to Earth.
statement 3: Ultraviolet waves are used for intruder alarms.
statement 4: X-rays are used for security checks.
Which statements are correct?
A 1 and 2 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 3 and 4
© UCLES 2018 0625/11/O/N/18

11
25 A woman hears the first note produced by a clarinet.
She then hears a second note that has a higher pitch and is quieter.
Which row compares the frequency and the amplitude of the two notes?
first note second note
A higher frequency larger amplitude

B higher frequency smaller amplitude
C lower frequency larger amplitude
D lower frequency smaller amplitude
26 The diagram shows a bar magnet and four plotting compasses.
Which compass shows the direction of the magnetic field due to the magnet?
D S N B
27 Iron is used for the core of a transformer and steel is used to make a bar magnet.
Which statement explains these uses of iron and of steel?
A Iron is a magnetic material and steel is a non-magnetic material.

B Iron is a permanent magnetic material and steel is a temporary magnetic material.
C Iron is a temporary magnetic material and steel is a permanent magnetic material.
D Iron is a non-magnetic material and steel is a magnetic material.

12
28 A negatively charged plastic rod P is placed above a positively charged plastic rod Q.
P
– – – – –
Q
+ + + + +
What are the directions of the electrostatic forces on rod P and on rod Q?
electrostatic force electrostatic force

on rod P on rod Q
A downwards downwards
B downwards upwards
C upwards downwards
D upwards upwards
29 The diagrams show the scales of three ammeters.
2 3 2 3 4 6
1 4 1 4 2 8
10
0
A A A
ammeter 1 ammeter 2 ammeter 3
Which ammeters show the same current reading?
A all three ammeters

B ammeter 1 and ammeter 2 only
C ammeter 1 and ammeter 3 only
D ammeter 2 and ammeter 3 only
30 The resistance of a component in a circuit is found using an ammeter and a voltmeter.
How are the ammeter and the voltmeter connected?
A the voltmeter and ammeter in parallel with the component

B the voltmeter and ammeter in series with the component
C the voltmeter in parallel with the component and the ammeter in series with the component
D the voltmeter in series with the component and the ammeter in parallel with the component
© UCLES 2018 0625/11/O/N/18

13
31 The diagram shows a circuit with a power supply and four components.
+ –
What is component N?
A fixed resistor
B fuse
C thermistor
D variable resistor
32 Two lamps are connected in parallel.
S1 S2
S3
Which switches must be closed so that both lamps light?
A S1 and S2 only
B S1 and S3 only
C S2 and S3 only
D S1, S2 and S3

14
33 The circuit diagram shows a variable potential divider.
P Q
slider
The slider is moved from P towards Q.
What happens to the reading on the voltmeter and to the brightness of the lamp?
reading on brightness
voltmeter of lamp
A decreases decreases
B decreases increases
C increases decreases
D increases increases
34 Either a fuse or a circuit-breaker can be used to protect electrical cables from large currents that
could cause overheating.
X cable
live
electrical Y appliance
supply
neutral
cable
When a fuse is used, where should it be connected, and when a circuit-breaker is used, where
should it be connected?
position position of
of fuse circuit-breaker
A X X
B X Y
C Y X
D Y Y
© UCLES 2018 0625/11/O/N/18

15
35 Which electrical device uses the turning effect produced by a current-carrying coil in a magnetic
field?
A a.c. generator
B d.c. motor
C relay
D transformer
36 A wire is placed in a strong magnetic field. When a current is passed through the wire it moves
upwards, as shown.
movement
N
The current is reversed.
In which direction does the wire move?
A downwards
B towards the north pole
C towards the south pole
D upwards
37 Which diagram represents the structure of a neutral atom?
A B C D
key
– – – –
neutron
++ ++ + proton
+ ++
+ – electron
– – –

16
38 Each nucleus of nuclide X contains 10 protons and a total of 22 nucleons.
Which notation is correct for this nuclide?

22 22 12 10
A 10 X B 32 X C 10 X D 22 X
39 The diagram shows the paths of three different types of radiation X, Y and Z.
2 mm of 10 mm of 50 mm
plastic aluminium of lead
Which row correctly identifies X, Y and Z?
X Y Z
A α-particles β-particles γ-rays

B β-particles α-particles γ-rays
C β-particles γ-rays α-particles
D γ-rays α-particles β-particles
40 A sample of a radioactive isotope emits 9600 α-particles per second.
After 40 hours the rate of emission has fallen to 600 α-particles per second.
What is the half-life of this isotope?
A 4.0 hours B 8.0 hours C 10 hours D 20 hours
Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.
To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
International Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at
www.cie.org.uk after the live examination series.
Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local
Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.
© UCLES 2018 0625/11/O/N/18

PHYSICS 0625/21
Paper 2 Multiple Choice (Extended) October/November 2018
45 minutes
Additional Materials: Multiple Choice Answer Sheet
Soft clean eraser
*8207631209*
Soft pencil (type B or HB recommended)
Write in soft pencil.

Write your name, Centre number and candidate number on the Answer Sheet in the spaces provided
unless this has been done for you.
There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions. For each question there are four possible
answers A, B, C and D.
Choose the one you consider correct and record your choice in soft pencil on the separate Answer Sheet.
Read the instructions on the Answer Sheet very carefully.
Each correct answer will score one mark. A mark will not be deducted for a wrong answer.
Any rough working should be done in this booklet.
The syllabus is approved for use in England, Wales and Northern Ireland as a Cambridge International Level 1/Level 2 Certificate.
IB18 11_0625_21/2RP
2
1 The diagram shows part of a micrometer screw gauge.

45
012 40
mm
35
30
What is the smallest reading that can be achieved using this micrometer screw gauge?
A 0.0001 mm B 0.01 mm C 0.1 mm D 1 mm
2 A small, light ball is dropped from the top of a tall building.
Which graph shows how the speed of the ball changes with time?
A B
speed speed
0 0
0 time 0 time
C D
speed speed
0 0
0 time 0 time
3 A runner runs 300 m at an average speed of 3.0 m / s. She then runs another 300 m at an average
speed of 6.0 m / s.
What is her average speed for the total distance of 600 m?
A 2.0 m / s B 4.0 m / s C 4.5 m / s D 8.0 m / s
© UCLES 2018 0625/21/O/N/18

3
4 A helium balloon is tied to a top-pan balance. A metal block of mass 100 g is placed on the
balance. The reading on the balance is 91 g.
helium balloon
metal block
91 g
Which statement can be deduced from this experiment?
A The balloon exerts a downward force of 0.09 N on the top-pan balance.

B The helium has a mass of –9 g.
C The helium has a mass of +9 g.
D The resultant downward force on the top-pan balance is 0.91 N.
5 A liquid has a volume of 0.040 m3 and a mass of 30 000 g.
What is the density of the liquid?
A 0.075 kg / m3 B 7.5 kg / m3 C 750 kg / m3 D 7500 kg / m3
6 A resultant force of 4.0 N acts on an object of mass 0.50 kg for 3.0 seconds.
What is the change in velocity caused by this force?
A 4.0 m / s B 6.0 m / s C 12 m / s D 24 m / s
7 Which quantities are both vectors?
A acceleration and force

B acceleration and pressure
C density and force
D density and pressure

4
8 A moving ball with a momentum of 25 kg m / s collides head-on with a wall.
wall
ball
It rebounds from the wall with the same speed but in the opposite direction. The time of collision
is 50 ms.
What is the average force exerted on the wall by the ball during the collision?
A 0.50 N B 1.00 N C 500 N D 1000 N
9 Which device is designed to convert chemical energy into kinetic energy?
A an a.c. generator
B a battery-powered torch
C a car engine
D a wind-up mechanical clock
10 An object, initially at rest, is dropped from a height of 12.0 m. The change in gravitational potential
energy when it falls to the ground is 565 J.
The frictional forces are negligible.
What is its speed when it hits the ground?
A 4.71 m / s B 15.5 m / s C 47.1 m / s D 240 m / s
11 A man climbs a ladder.
Which two quantities can be used to calculate the useful power of the man?
A the weight of the man and the time taken only

B the weight of the man and the vertical distance moved only
C the work done by the man and the time taken only
D the work done by the man and the vertical distance moved only
© UCLES 2018 0625/21/O/N/18

5
12 A manometer is used to measure the pressure of a gas supply.
manometer
connection
to gas supply
h
liquid
Which change gives a greater value of height h ?
A using a less dense liquid

B using a more dense liquid
C using a narrower tube
D using a wider tube
13 A washbasin has an exit pipe covered with a plug of area 12 cm2. A chain is attached to the
centre of the plug to assist in pulling the plug away from the exit hole. The washbasin contains
water to a depth of 0.080 m.
The density of the water is 1000 kg / m3.
chain
plug
What is the force acting on the plug due to the water?
A 0.96 N B 800 N C 9600 N D 80 000 N

6
14 Diagram 1 shows apparatus being used to observe smoke particles.
Diagram 2 shows how a smoke particle moves randomly.
diagram 1 diagram 2
eye
random
movement
microscope
air molecules
light and
smoke particles
Why do the smoke particles move randomly?
A They are hit by air molecules.

B They are less dense than air.
C They are moved by convection currents.
D They gain energy from the light.
15 The gas in a sealed container is compressed at constant temperature.
Which graph shows how the pressure of the gas changes with its volume?
A B
pressure pressure
0 0
0 volume 0 volume
C D
pressure pressure
0 0
0 volume 0 volume
© UCLES 2018 0625/21/O/N/18

7
16 The distance between two electricity pylons is 60 m. An engineer fits a cable of length 62 m
between the pylons.
Why does the engineer choose a cable that is longer than the distance between the two pylons?
A to allow for contraction of the cable in cold weather

B to create a slope in the cable for electrons to flow down
C to keep the current low and the voltage high
D to reduce magnetic fields around the cable
17 The diagram shows a liquid-in-glass thermometer.
bulb capillary tube
Which change increases the sensitivity of the thermometer?
A a narrower capillary tube

B a wider capillary tube
C thicker glass around the bulb
D thinner glass around the bulb
18 An object of mass 800 g and specific heat capacity 250 J / (kg °C) is heated. It absorbs 5300 J of
energy.
What is the increase in temperature of the object?
A 0.027 °C B 17 °C C 27 °C D 17 000 °C
19 On a cold day, a shiny metal rod feels colder to the touch than a black plastic rod.
Which statement explains this observation?
A The metal rod is a better absorber of infra-red radiation than the plastic rod.
B The metal rod is a better thermal conductor than the plastic rod.
C The metal rod is a worse absorber of infra-red radiation than the plastic rod.
D The metal rod is a worse thermal conductor than the plastic rod.

8
20 One end of a copper bar is heated to a high temperature.
Which mechanism is responsible for the transfer of thermal energy to the other end of the copper
bar?
A the lattice vibrations of copper ions only

B the lattice vibrations of copper ions and the movement of high energy electrons along the bar
C the movement of high energy copper ions along the bar
D the movement of high energy electrons along the bar only
21 Plane water waves travel from a shallow region into a deeper region. They travel more quickly in
the deeper water.
shallow water
boundary
wave
direction
deep water
Which diagram shows the wave pattern in the deeper water?
A B C D
22 Which statement about the image formed by a plane mirror is correct?
A The image is larger than the object.

B The image is smaller than the object.
C The image is twice as far from the mirror as the object.
D The image is virtual.
© UCLES 2018 0625/21/O/N/18

9
23 A ray of light is incident on a glass-air surface. The diagrams show the ray of light at different
angles of incidence in the glass.
air air air

glass glass glass
40° 44° 48°
What is the refractive index of the glass?
A 1.35 B 1.44 C 1.50 D 1.55
24 Different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum are used for different purposes. Below are four
statements about parts of the spectrum.
statement 1: Infra-red waves are used in television remote controllers.

statement 2: Radio waves are used to transmit television pictures from satellites to Earth.
statement 3: Ultraviolet waves are used for intruder alarms.
statement 4: X-rays are used for security checks.
Which statements are correct?
25 Iron is used for the core of a transformer and steel is used to make a bar magnet.
Which statement explains these uses of iron and of steel?
A Iron is a magnetic material and steel is a non-magnetic material.

B Iron is a permanent magnetic material and steel is a temporary magnetic material.
C Iron is a temporary magnetic material and steel is a permanent magnetic material.
D Iron is a non-magnetic material and steel is a magnetic material.

10
26 A sheet of ice floats on water. A source of sound S is positioned at the edge of the ice sheet.
Four microphones are placed equal distances from S.
Which microphone detects the sound from S first?
air
B
D S
ice
water
27 A bar magnet is placed inside a current-carrying coil. The diagram shows four different
experiments.
1 2
magnet slowly magnet slowly

removed removed
+ –
3 4
current in coil current in coil

slowly reduced slowly reduced
+ –
In which experiments is the magnet demagnetised?
© UCLES 2018 0625/21/O/N/18

11
28 The diagrams represent two different electric fields.
field 1 field 2
A single electron is located in each of the fields.
Which row gives the correct direction of the force on the electron and the field in which there is a
larger force on it?
direction of
larger force
the force
A ↓ field 1
B ↓ field 2
C ↑ field 1
D ↑ field 2
29 The resistance of a component in a circuit is found using an ammeter and a voltmeter.
How are the ammeter and the voltmeter connected?
A the voltmeter and ammeter in parallel with the component

B the voltmeter and ammeter in series with the component
C the voltmeter in parallel with the component and the ammeter in series with the component
D the voltmeter in series with the component and the ammeter in parallel with the component
30 The table gives data for four different electrical devices.
Which device develops the greatest power?
device voltage current
A car headlight 12 V 3.0 A

B cooling fan 110 V 0.40 A
C electric spark generator 400 kV 0.10 mA
D mains lamp 240 V 0.20 A

12
31 The circuit diagram shows a fixed resistor R and a thermistor T used in a potential divider circuit.
VR and VT are the potential differences across R and T respectively.
What happens to VR and to VT as the temperature of the thermistor decreases?
VR VT
A decreases increases
B increases decreases
C stays the same decreases
D stays the same increases
32 The circuit diagram shows a power supply connected to some circuit components.
In the diagram, P and Q are the terminals of the d.c. power supply.
P Q
R1
A
R2
Under which circumstances does the ammeter show a reading other than zero?
A when P is positive or negative

B the ammeter always shows a zero reading
C only when P is negative
D only when P is positive
© UCLES 2018 0625/21/O/N/18

13
33 The diagram shows a digital circuit with two inputs and one output.
input 1
output
input 2
What describes the action of the circuit?
A AND B NAND C NOR D OR
34 Either a fuse or a circuit-breaker can be used to protect electrical cables from large currents that
could cause overheating.
X cable
live
electrical Y appliance
supply
neutral
cable
When a fuse is used, where should it be connected, and when a circuit-breaker is used, where
should it be connected?
position position of
of fuse circuit-breaker
A X X
B X Y
C Y X
D Y Y

14
35 There is a current of 3.0 A in a conductor.
The current is changed to 6.0 A in the opposite direction.
Which effect does this have on the magnetic field around the conductor?
A It decreases and it acts in the opposite direction.

B It decreases and it acts in the same direction.
C It increases and it acts in the opposite direction.
D It increases and it acts in the same direction.
36 A wire is placed in a strong magnetic field. When a current is passed through the wire it moves
upwards, as shown.
movement
N
The current is reversed.
In which direction does the wire move?
A downwards
B towards the north pole
C towards the south pole
D upwards
© UCLES 2018 0625/21/O/N/18

15
37 Which diagram represents the structure of a neutral atom?
A B C D
key
– – – –
neutron
++ ++ + proton
+ ++
+ – electron
– – –
38 When a uranium-235 nucleus absorbs a neutron, it becomes unstable and undergoes fission.
The fission process produces a barium (Ba) nucleus, a krypton (Kr) nucleus and 3 neutrons.
The fission process is represented by the nuclear equation shown.
1 235 144 ...

0n + 92 U → 56 Ba + ... Kr + 3 01n
Which symbol represents the resulting krypton nucleus?

89 91 91 91
A 36 Kr B 34 Kr C 35 Kr D 36 Kr
39 The diagram shows the paths of three different types of radiation X, Y and Z.
2 mm of 10 mm of 50 mm
plastic aluminium of lead
Which row correctly identifies X, Y and Z?
X Y Z
A α-particles β-particles γ-rays

B β-particles α-particles γ-rays
C β-particles γ-rays α-particles
D γ-rays α-particles β-particles

16
40 A scientist measures the count rate of a radioactive sample in a laboratory over a period of
12 weeks.
The background radiation count rate in the laboratory remains constant at 20 counts per minute.
The table shows the scientist’s results before the background radiation count rate is taken into
account.
time count rate

/ weeks / counts per minute
0 100
2 80
4 65
6 54
8 45
10 39
12 34
In which range does the half-life of the radioactive isotope lie?
A between 4 and 6 weeks

B between 6 and 8 weeks
C between 8 and 10 weeks
D more than 12 weeks
To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
International Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at
www.cie.org.uk after the live examination series.
© UCLES 2018 0625/21/O/N/18

* 7 2 2 0 3 1 3 8 2 9 *
PHYSICS 0625/31
Paper 3 Theory (Core) October/November 2018
1 hour 15 minutes
Candidates answer on the Question Paper.
No Additional Materials are required.
Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
Answer all questions.

You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.
At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.
This syllabus is approved for use in England, Wales and Northern Ireland as a Cambridge International Level 1/Level 2 Certificate.
This document consists of 14 printed pages and 2 blank pages.
DC (NH/CGW) 151472/4
2
1 Fig. 1.1 shows a speed-time graph for a student who is running.
speed 4
m/s
3
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
time / s
Fig. 1.1
(a) (i) Describe the movement of the student, as shown in Fig. 1.1.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[2]
(ii) Calculate the distance travelled by the student between 80 s and 100 s.
distance travelled = .......................................................m [3]
(b) An athlete runs 630 m in 130 s on a flat section of a road and then 254 m in 40 s on a downhill
slope.
Calculate the average speed for the total distance run by the athlete.
average speed = ................................................... m / s [3]
[Total: 8]
© UCLES 2018 0625/31/O/N/18

3
2 Fig. 2.1 shows a raft floating on water.
raft
water
Fig. 2.1
(a) A force of 20 000 N acts on the raft in the direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 2.1.
(i) State the name given to the force shown in Fig. 2.1.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) Calculate the mass of the raft.
mass = ...................................................... kg [3]
(b) A sail is added to the raft, as shown in Fig. 2.2.
sail
800 N 1200 N
Fig. 2.2
Fig. 2.2 shows the horizontal forces acting on the raft at one moment.
Calculate the resultant horizontal force acting on the raft and state the direction of this force.
force = ............................................................ N
direction = ...........................................................[2]
[Total: 6]
4
3 A tower crane has a load W, as shown in Fig. 3.1.
8.0 m 5.0 m
counterweight
pivot
80 000 N
tower
load
Fig. 3.1
(a) The counterweight has a weight of 80 000 N. This acts at a distance of 5.0 m from the pivot, as
shown in Fig. 3.1.
Calculate the moment of the counterweight about the pivot. Give the unit.
moment = ...........................................................[3]
(b) The tower crane in Fig. 3.1 balances horizontally when holding the load W.
Calculate the weight of load W.
weight = ....................................................... N [3]
[Total: 6]
© UCLES 2018 0625/31/O/N/18

5
4 A student draws diagrams that represent three states of matter, as shown in Fig. 4.1.
Box B shows the arrangement of particles in a liquid.
box A box B box C
Fig. 4.1
(a) (i) In box A, draw the arrangement of particles in a solid. [1]
(ii) In box C, draw the arrangement of particles in a gas. [1]
(b) Write the correct term for each change of state below each arrow in Fig. 4.2.
solid liquid gas liquid
[2]
Fig. 4.2
(c) A wet beaker is in a warm room. After several hours the beaker is dry.
State and explain what happens to the water.
Use your ideas about molecules in your answer.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[3]
[Total: 7]

6
5 A tidal barrage (dam) produces electricity using tides. Fig. 5.1 shows a diagram of a tidal barrage
(simplified).
tide coming in tide going out
high tide
barrage low tide barrage
flow of
flow of water
water river river
ocean ocean
turbine turbine
Fig. 5.1
(a) The water behind the barrage (dam) is a store of energy. State the name of this stored energy.
...............................................................................................................................................[1]
(b) Explain how the tidal barrage (dam) produces electricity.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[3]
[Total: 4]
© UCLES 2018 0625/31/O/N/18

7
6 (a) Some materials are poor conductors of thermal energy (heat energy).
State the term that describes materials that are poor conductors of thermal energy.
...............................................................................................................................................[1]
(b) Some materials are good conductors of thermal energy.
Draw a ring around each material that is a good conductor of thermal energy.
air aluminium copper glass plastic water [1]
(c) A student has two rods made of different materials. The rods are the same size.
Describe an experiment to identify which material is the better conductor of thermal energy.
You may draw a diagram in the space below.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[3]
[Total: 5]

8
7 Fig. 7.1 shows the electromagnetic spectrum. One type of radiation is not labelled.
radio micro- infra-red visible gamma

X-rays
waves waves waves light rays
Fig. 7.1
(a) (i) On Fig. 7.1, add the label for the missing type of radiation. [1]
(ii) The arrow in Fig. 7.1 indicates a property that is increasing.
State the name of the property that is increasing in the direction of the arrow.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(iii) Compare the speeds of radio waves and visible light in a vacuum.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(b) (i) Describe how X-rays are used for security in airports.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[2]
(ii) Explain the properties of X-rays that make them useful in airport security.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[2]
[Total: 7]
© UCLES 2018 0625/31/O/N/18

9
8 (a) Fig. 8.1 shows a tuning fork and a wooden block.
tuning fork
wooden block
Fig. 8.1
(i) The tuning fork is hit against the wooden block and then makes a sound.
Describe how the tuning fork produces the sound.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) The tuning fork produces a sound with a frequency of 659 Hz.
State whether a healthy human ear can hear this frequency of sound. Explain your
answer.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[2]
(b) Fig. 8.2 represents the sound wave produced by a tuning fork.
time
Fig. 8.2
A second tuning fork produces a different sound.
Compared with the sound represented in Fig. 8.2, this sound is quieter and has half the
frequency.
On Fig. 8.2, draw the wave to show the sound produced by the second tuning fork. [2]
[Total: 5]
10
9 A student experiments with electric charge.
(a) The student uses a dry cloth to rub a plastic rod. The rod becomes positively charged.
Explain how the friction between the rod and the cloth causes the rod to become positively
charged.
Use your ideas about the movement of charge.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[2]
(b) The student suspends a balloon from an insulating thread, as shown in Fig. 9.1.
insulating thread
balloon
Fig. 9.1
The balloon has an electric charge.
Explain how the student can use a positively charged rod to determine the charge on the
balloon.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[3]
[Total: 5]
© UCLES 2018 0625/31/O/N/18

11
BLANK PAGE

12
10 (a) A student does an experiment to determine the resistance of a fixed resistor, R.
The student draws an incomplete diagram of the circuit, as shown in Fig. 10.1.
open
switch
variable
resistor
Fig. 10.1
(i) On Fig. 10.1, draw the missing circuit symbols. [3]
(ii) Describe how the student could use the circuit to determine a reliable value for the
resistance of R.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[4]
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13
(b) Fig. 10.2 shows a 20 Ω resistor connected to a power supply.
0.4 A
20 Ω
Fig. 10.2
A second 20 Ω resistor is connected in series with the first. State and explain how this affects
the current in the circuit.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[4]
[Total: 11]

14
11 (a) A student has a model electric railway. The model railway uses a step-down transformer.
The input voltage is 230 V. The transformer has 1710 turns on the input coil and 90 turns on
the output coil.
Calculate the output voltage of the transformer.
output voltage = ....................................................... V [3]
(b) A step-up transformer is used to increase voltage.
Step-up transformers and step-down transformers have different coil arrangements.
Describe the differences in the coil arrangement for the two types of transformer.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[2]
(c) Explain the advantage of transmitting electricity at high voltages, rather than at low voltages.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[2]
[Total: 7]
© UCLES 2018 0625/31/O/N/18

15
12 This notation represents the nucleus of a neutral atom of carbon-14.

14
6 C
(a) State the number of:
1. protons in the nucleus of an atom of carbon-14
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
2. electrons orbiting the nucleus of an atom of carbon-14
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
3. neutrons in the nucleus of an atom of carbon-14.
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(b) Carbon-14 is an isotope of carbon. Carbon-12 is another isotope of carbon.

Compare the nucleus of carbon-14 with the nucleus of carbon-12.
State the similarities and differences.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[3]
(c) Scientists use carbon-14 to estimate the age of wood that is very old.
A very old sample of wood contains 1.0 × 108 carbon-14 atoms.

When the sample was new, it contained 8.0 × 108 carbon-14 atoms.
The half-life of carbon-14 is 5 700 years.
Estimate the age of the sample of wood.
age of wood = ................................................ years [3]
[Total: 9]
© UCLES 2018 0625/31/O/N/18
16
BLANK PAGE
To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge International
Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at www.cie.org.uk after
the live examination series.
© UCLES 2018 0625/31/O/N/18

* 8 1 9 2 3 7 7 3 5 8 *
PHYSICS 0625/41
Paper 4 Theory (Extended) October/November 2018
1 hour 15 minutes

This document consists of 15 printed pages and 1 blank page.
DC (NH/SW) 151945/4
2
1 A train of mass 5.6 × 105 kg is at rest in a station.
At time t = 0 s, a resultant force acts on the train and it starts to accelerate forwards.
Fig. 1.1 is the distance-time graph for the train for the first 120 s.
5000
distance / m
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
time t / s
Fig. 1.1
(a) (i) Use Fig. 1.1 to determine:
1. the average speed of the train during the 120 s
average speed = ...........................................................[1]
2. the speed of the train at time t = 100 s.
speed = ...........................................................[2]
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3
(ii) Describe how the acceleration of the train at time t = 100 s differs from the acceleration
at time t = 20 s.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[2]
(b) (i) The initial acceleration of the train is 0.75 m / s2.
Calculate the resultant force that acts on the train at this time.
resultant force = ...........................................................[2]
(ii) At time t = 120 s, the train begins to decelerate.
State what is meant by deceleration.
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
[Total: 8]

4
2 Fig. 2.1 shows a uniform plank AB of length 2.0 m suspended from two ropes X and Y.
P Q
1.5 m
rope X rope Y
A B
0.5 m
W = 210 N
Fig. 2.1
The weight W of the plank is 210 N. The force in rope X is P. The force in rope Y is Q.
(a) State, in terms of P, the moment of force P about B.
...............................................................................................................................................[1]
(b) Calculate:
(i) the moment of W about B
moment = ...........................................................[1]
(ii) the force P
force P = ...........................................................[2]
(iii) the force Q.
force Q = ...........................................................[2]
[Total: 6]
© UCLES 2018 0625/41/O/N/18

5
3 (a) State what is meant by the principle of conservation of energy.
...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[1]
(b) Fig. 3.1 shows a girl throwing a heavy ball.
ball
Fig. 3.1
(i) State the energy changes that take place from when the girl begins to exert a force on
the ball until the ball hits the ground and stops moving.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[2]
(ii) The mass of the ball is 4.0 kg. The girl exerts a force on the ball for 0.60 s. The speed of
the ball increases from 0 m / s to 12 m / s before it leaves the girl’s hand.
Calculate:
1. the momentum of the ball on leaving the girl’s hand
momentum = ...........................................................[2]
2. the average resultant force exerted on the ball.
average resultant force = ...........................................................[2]
[Total: 7]
6
4 (a) Fig. 4.1 shows liquid in a cylinder.
cylinder
liquid
Fig. 4.1
The depth of the liquid is 10 cm and the radius of the cylinder is 3.0 cm. The weight of the
liquid in the cylinder is 2.5 N.
Calculate the density of the liquid.
density = ...........................................................[3]
(b) Fig. 4.2 shows a device that measures the pressure of a gas supply.
gas supply
liquid
Fig. 4.2
(i) State the name of the device. .......................................................................................[1]
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7
(ii) The difference h between the two liquid levels is 2.0 cm. The density of the liquid is
800 kg / m3.
Calculate the difference between the pressure of the gas and atmospheric pressure.
pressure difference = ...........................................................[2]
(iii) A similar device with a tube of smaller cross-sectional area is connected to a gas supply
at the same pressure.
State and explain any effect on the value of h.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[2]
[Total: 8]

8
5 (a) (i) In the space below, draw a labelled diagram of the structure of a thermocouple
thermometer. Include the device from which a reading is taken.
[3]
(ii) A thermocouple thermometer is used to measure the temperature of the flame of a small
candle.
State two reasons why the thermocouple thermometer is suitable for this application.
1. .......................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
2. .......................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(b) State and explain any effect on the sensitivity of a liquid-in-glass thermometer of:
(i) reducing the diameter of the capillary tube
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[2]
(ii) increasing the volume of the liquid-filled bulb.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[2]
[Total: 9]
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9
6 (a) State three factors that determine the rate of evaporation of water.
1. ...............................................................................................................................................
2. ...............................................................................................................................................
3. ...............................................................................................................................................
[3]
(b) A person climbs out of a swimming pool and stands in the open air.
Explain why evaporation of water from the surface of the person’s body causes the person to
feel cold.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[2]
[Total: 5]

10
7 (a) A laser produces a beam of monochromatic light. State what is meant by the term
monochromatic.
...............................................................................................................................................[1]
(b) A wave, in air, is incident on a glass block. Fig. 7.1 shows the wavefronts at the air-glass
boundary. The arrow shows the direction of travel of the wavefronts.
direction of
travel of
wavefronts
air
glass
Fig. 7.1
The wave undergoes reflection and refraction at the air-glass boundary.
On Fig. 7.1 draw:
(i) the wavefronts of the reflected wave [3]
(ii) the wavefronts of the refracted wave. [3]
(c) A transverse wave is produced in a long, horizontal rope. The rope is much longer than the
wavelength of the wave.
In the space below, sketch a diagram to show the appearance of the rope as the wave passes
along it. Label two important features of the wave.
[2]
[Total: 9]
© UCLES 2018 0625/41/O/N/18
11
8 A vibrating source on a ship produces a sound wave that travels through the ocean. The wave
produced is a longitudinal wave.
(a) Explain what is meant by the term longitudinal wave.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[3]
(b) The frequency of the sound wave is 800 Hz.
(i) The speed of sound in air is 330 m / s.
State a typical value for the speed of sound in a liquid.
...................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Using your value from (b)(i), calculate the wavelength of the sound wave in the ocean.
wavelength = ...........................................................[2]
[Total: 6]

12
9 Fig. 9.1 shows the symbol for a 12 V battery.
12 V
Fig. 9.1
(a) Two lamps are connected in parallel with the battery. On Fig. 9.1, using the correct symbols,
complete the circuit diagram. [1]
(b) One of these lamps has a resistance of 6.0 Ω.
Calculate, for this lamp:
(i) the current
current = ...........................................................[1]
(ii) the power.
power = ...........................................................[2]
(c) The power of the other lamp is 36 W.
Calculate the total energy delivered to this lamp in 20 hours.
energy = ...........................................................[3]
[Total: 7]
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13
10 A transformer consists of two coils of wire wound on a metal core. Fig. 10.1 represents the
transformer.
core
primary coil secondary coil
Fig. 10.1
(a) State the name of the metal from which the core is made.
...............................................................................................................................................[1]
(b) The primary coil of the transformer is connected to the output voltage of an a.c. generator
which supplies an alternating current.
(i) Explain why there is a voltage between the two terminals of the secondary coil.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[3]
(ii) There are 560 turns on the primary coil and 910 turns on the secondary coil of the
transformer. The voltage between the two terminals of the secondary coil is 78 V.
Calculate the voltage supplied by the a.c. generator.
generator voltage = ............................................................[2]
(c) Transformers are used to increase the voltage when electrical energy is transmitted in cables
across long distances.
Explain why power losses in the cables are lower when the voltage is high.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[2]
[Total: 8]

14
11 (a) Fig. 11.1 shows data about nine elements.
proton number element symbol

2 helium He
3 lithium Li
4 beryllium Be
5 boron B
6 carbon C
7 nitrogen N
8 oxygen O
9 fluorine F
10 neon Ne
Fig. 11.1
Carbon-14 is a radioactive isotope with a nucleon number of 14. It decays by emitting

β-particles.
Use any data you need from Fig. 11.1 to write down the nuclide equation for this decay.
[4]
© UCLES 2018 0625/41/O/N/18

15
(b) A radioactive sample is placed close to a detector. The radioactive isotope in the sample has
a long half-life. The detector records a count rate of 597 counts / s.
Fig. 11.2 shows the readings when different materials are placed between the radioactive
sample and the detector.
count rate
material
counts / s
a sheet of paper 602
a piece of thin aluminium 598
a piece of thin lead 510
Fig. 11.2
Explain whether any α-particles, β-particles or γ-rays are emitted by the radioactive sample.
α-particles .................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
β-particles .................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
γ-rays ........................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
[3]
[Total: 7]
© UCLES 2018 0625/41/O/N/18

16
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© UCLES 2018 0625/41/O/N/18

* 0 6 9 5 5 2 0 9 4 6 *
PHYSICS 0625/51
Paper 5 Practical Test October/November 2018
1 hour 15 minutes
Additional Materials: As listed in the Confidential Instructions.
Write your Centre number, candidate number and name in the spaces at the top of the page.

You are advised to spend about 20 minutes on each of questions 1 to 3, and 15 minutes on question 4.
For Examiner’s Use
Total
DC (NH/SG) 151996/4
2
1 In this experiment, you will determine the spring constant k of a spring by two methods.
Some of the apparatus has been set up for you.
Carry out the following instructions, referring to Fig. 1.1 and Fig. 1.2.
Method 1
(a) Measure the unstretched length l0 of the spring, in mm.
l0 = ....................................................mm [1]
(b) Hang the 300 g mass on the spring, as shown in Fig. 1.1.
clamp holding spring
spring
clamp holding cork mass
pin in cork
bench
Fig. 1.1
(i) Measure the new length l of the spring.
l = ....................................................mm [1]
(ii) Use the equation e = (l – l0) to calculate the extension e of the spring.
e = ....................................................mm [1]
F
(iii) Calculate a value for the spring constant k using the equation k = , where F = 3.0 N.
e
k = ............................................... N / mm [1]
© UCLES 2018 0625/51/O/N/18

3
Method 2
(c) Adjust the position of the lower clamp so that the pin is level with the bottom of the mass when
the mass is not moving. Pull the mass down about 1.5 cm and release it so that it oscillates
up and down. Fig. 1.2 shows one complete oscillation.
clamp holding cork

one complete oscillation
bench
Fig. 1.2
(i) Measure the time t taken for 10 complete oscillations. Start the stopwatch as the bottom
of the mass passes the pin.
t = ........................................................ s [1]
(ii) 1. Calculate the time T taken for one complete oscillation.
T = ............................................................. s
2. Calculate T 2.
T 2 = ...............................................................
[1]
0.040 m
(iii) Calculate the spring constant k using the equation k = , where m = 0.300 kg.
T2
k = ............................................... N / mm [1]

4
(d) State and explain briefly whether your two values for k are the same within the limits of
experimental accuracy.
statement ..................................................................................................................................
explanation ...............................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
[2]
(e) A student states that repeating Method 1 with different masses would improve the reliability of
the value obtained for k.
Suggest additional values for the mass m that you would use when repeating the experiment
to improve the reliability.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[2]
[Total: 11]
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5
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6
2 In this experiment, you will determine the resistance of a piece of wire.
power supply
l
P
sliding wire
contact C
V
Fig. 2.1
(a) (i) Carry out the following instructions, referring to Fig. 2.1.
• Switch on.
• Measure the current I in the circuit.
I = ...........................................................[1]
(ii) Place the sliding contact C at a distance l = 20.0 cm from P.
• Measure, and record in Table 2.1, the reading on the voltmeter.
• Repeat the procedure using l values of 40.0 cm, 60.0 cm, 80.0 cm and 100.0 cm.
• Switch off.
Table 2.1
l / cm V/V
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
100.0
[2]
© UCLES 2018 0625/51/O/N/18

7
(b) Plot a graph of V / V (y-axis) against l / cm (x-axis). Start both axes at the origin (0,0).
[4]
(c) (i) Determine the gradient G of the graph. Show clearly on the graph how you obtained the
necessary information.
G = ...........................................................[2]
Gk
(ii) Calculate the resistance R of each centimetre of the wire. Use the equation R = ,
I
where k = 1.0 V / cm and I is the current recorded in (a)(i). Include the unit.
R = ...........................................................[2]
[Total: 11]
8
3 In this experiment, you will determine the refractive index n of the material of a transparent block.
hole N
A F B
D G C
eye
Fig. 3.1
(a) Carry out the following instructions, using the separate ray-trace sheet provided. Refer to
Fig. 3.1 for guidance.
• Place the transparent block, largest face down, on the ray-trace sheet supplied. The
block should be approximately in the middle of the paper.
• Draw and label the outline of the block ABCD.
• Remove the block and draw the normal NL at the centre of side AB. Continue the normal
so that it passes through side CD of the block.
• Label the point F where NL crosses AB.
• Label the point G where NL crosses CD.

[2]
© UCLES 2018 0625/51/O/N/18

9
(b) • Draw the line EF at an angle i = 30° to the normal as shown in Fig. 3.1.
• Place the paper on the pin board.
• Place two pins P1 and P2 on line EF at a suitable distance apart for this experiment.
• Replace the block and look from the position of the eye shown in Fig. 3.1, to observe
the images of P1 and P2 through side CD of the block. Adjust your line of sight until the
images of P1 and P2 appear one behind the other.
• Place two pins P3 and P4 between your eye and the block so that P3, P4, and the images
of P1 and P2 seen through the block, appear one behind the other.
• Label the positions of P1, P2, P3 and P4.
• Remove the block and the pins.
• Draw a line joining the positions of P3 and P4. Continue the line until it meets the normal
NL.
• Label the point H where the line meets side CD. Draw the line FH.
[1]
(c) (i) Measure and record the length a of the line GH.
a = ...........................................................[1]
(ii) Measure and record the length b of the line FH.
b = ...........................................................[1]
0.50b
(iii) Calculate the refractive index n using the equation n = .
a
n = ...........................................................[2]
(d) Repeat the procedure in (b) using an angle i = 45º.
(i) Repeat the measurements in (c)(i) and (c)(ii) for i = 45º.
a = ...............................................................
b = ...............................................................
[1]
0.71b
(ii) Calculate the refractive index n using the equation n = .
a
n = ...........................................................[1]

10
(e) A student carries out this experiment with care and expects the two values of refractive index
n obtained in this experiment to be equal.
State two difficulties with this type of experiment that could explain any difference in the two
values of n.
1. ...............................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
2. ...............................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total: 11]
Tie your ray-trace sheet into this Question Booklet between pages 10 and 11.
© UCLES 2018 0625/51/O/N/18

11
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12
4 A student is investigating the relationship between the power produced by an electrical heater and
the time taken to heat a beaker of water. The power of the heater is given by the equation P = VI,
where V is the potential difference (p.d.) across the heater and I is the current in the heater.
Plan an experiment to investigate the relationship between the power produced by an electrical
heater and the time taken to heat a beaker of water.
You are not required to carry out this investigation.
The following apparatus is available:
ammeter
voltmeter
0–12 V variable power supply
250 cm3 beaker
heater
thermometer
stopwatch
The student can also use other apparatus and materials that are usually available in a school
laboratory.
You should:
• complete the diagram in Fig. 4.1 to show the circuit that you would use
• explain briefly how you would carry out the investigation
• state the key variables that you would control
• draw a table with column headings, to show how you would display your readings (you
are not required to enter any readings in the table)
• explain how you would use your results to reach a conclusion.
© UCLES 2018 0625/51/O/N/18

13
beaker
heater water
Fig. 4.1
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14
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......................................................................................................................................................[7]
[Total: 7]
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15
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© UCLES 2018 0625/51/O/N/18

16
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© UCLES 2018 0625/51/O/N/18

* 2 5 5 1 7 9 6 0 8 2 *
PHYSICS 0625/61
Paper 6 Alternative to Practical October/November 2018
1 hour

DC (SC/CGW) 152085/3
2
1 A student is determining the spring constant k of a spring by two methods.
Fig. 1.2 shows how the apparatus is used.
Method 1
(a) On Fig. 1.1, measure the unstretched length l 0 of the spring, in mm.
spring l0
Fig. 1.1
l 0 = ................................................. mm [1]
(b) The student attaches the spring to the clamp as shown in Fig. 1.2.
He hangs a 300 g mass on the spring.
spring
clamp holding
cork
300 g mass
pin in cork
bench
Fig. 1.2
He measures the new length l of the spring.
53
l = ...................................................... mm
© UCLES 2018 0625/61/O/N/18
3
(i) Calculate the extension e of the spring using the equation e = l – l 0.
e = ................................................. mm [1]
F
(ii) Calculate a value for the spring constant k using the equation k = , where F = 3.0 N.
e
k = ............................................ N / mm [1]
Method 2
(c) The student pulls the mass down a short distance and releases it so that it oscillates up and
down. Fig. 1.3 shows the time t taken for 10 complete oscillations.
min sec sec
00:03. 46
Fig. 1.3
(i) Record the time t taken for 10 complete oscillations.
t = ........................................................ [1]
(ii) 1. Calculate the time T taken for one complete oscillation.
T = .............................................................
2. Calculate T 2.
T 2 = .............................................................
[2]
(iii) Calculate the spring constant k using the equation k = 0.040 m, where m = 0.300 kg.
T 2
k = ............................................ N / mm [1]

4
(d) State and explain whether your two values for k are the same within the limits of experimental
accuracy.
statement ..................................................................................................................................
explanation ...............................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
[2]
(e) A student states that repeating Method 1 with different masses would improve the reliability of
the value obtained for k.
Suggest additional values for the mass m that you would use when repeating the experiment
to improve the reliability.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................. [2]
[Total: 11]
© UCLES 2018 0625/61/O/N/18

5
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6
2 A student is determining the resistance of a piece of wire.
Fig. 2.1 shows the circuit she uses.
power supply
P
sliding
contact C wire
V
Fig. 2.1
(a) Record the current I in the circuit, as shown on the ammeter in Fig. 2.2.
I = ........................................................ [1]
0.4 0.6 2 3
0.2 0.8 1 4
0 1.0 0 5
A V
Fig. 2.2 Fig. 2.3
(b) The student places the sliding contact C at a distance l = 20.0 cm from P. The voltmeter
reading is shown in Fig. 2.3. Record the voltmeter reading in Table 2.1 for l = 20.0 cm. [1]
© UCLES 2018 0625/61/O/N/18

7
(c) The student repeats the procedure using values of l = 40.0 cm, 60.0 cm, 80.0 cm and 100.0 cm.
The readings are shown in Table 2.1.
Complete the column headings in the table. [1]
Table 2.1
l/ V/
20.0
40.0 0.9
60.0 1.6
80.0 2.0
100.0 2.4
(d) Plot a graph of V / V (y-axis) against l / cm (x-axis). Start both axes at the origin (0, 0).
[4]

8
(e) (i) Determine the gradient G of the graph. Show clearly on the graph how you obtained the
necessary information.
G = ........................................................ [2]
Gk
(ii) Calculate the resistance R of each centimetre of the wire. Use the equation R = ,
I
where k = 1.0 V / cm and where I is the current recorded in (a).
Include the unit.
R = ........................................................ [2]
[Total: 11]
© UCLES 2018 0625/61/O/N/18

9
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10
3 A student is determining the refractive index n of the material of a transparent block.
Fig. 3.1 shows the outline ABCD of the transparent block.
A B
D C
P3
P4
eye
Fig. 3.1
© UCLES 2018 0625/61/O/N/18

11
(a) (i) On Fig. 3.1:
• draw a normal NL at the centre of side AB
• continue the normal so that it passes through side CD of the block
• label the point F where NL crosses AB
• label the point G where NL crosses CD. [1]
(ii) Draw a line EF at an angle i = 30° to the left of the normal and above side AB. [1]
(iii) Mark the positions of two pins P1 and P2 on line EF placed at a suitable distance apart
for this type of ray-tracing experiment. [1]
(b) The student observes the images of P1 and P2 through side CD of the block so that the
images of P1 and P2 appear one behind the other.
He places two pins P3 and P4 between his eye and the block so that P3, P4 and the images of
P1 and P2 seen through the block, appear one behind the other.
The positions of P3 and P4 are marked on Fig. 3.1.
(i) • Draw a line joining the positions of P3 and P4. Continue the line until it meets the
normal NL.
• Label the point H where the line meets side CD. Draw the line FH.
[1]
(ii) Measure and record the length a of the line GH.
a = ........................................................ [1]
(iii) Measure and record the length b of the line FH.
b = ........................................................ [1]
0.5b
(iv) Calculate the refractive index n using the equation n = .
a
n = ........................................................ [1]

12
(c) The student repeats the procedure using the angle of incidence i = 45°.
3.2
a = ....................................................... cm
6.9
b = ....................................................... cm
0.71b
Calculate the refractive index n, using the equation n = .
a
n = ........................................................ [1]
(d) The student expected the two values of refractive index n obtained in this experiment to be
equal.
State two difficulties with this type of experiment that could explain any difference in the two
values of n.
1. ...............................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
2. ...............................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
[2]
(e) A student suggests precautions to take in this experiment to obtain reliable results.
Tick one box to indicate the most sensible suggestion.
Carry out the experiment in a darkened room.
Use pins that are taller than the height of the block.
View the bases of the pins.
View the pins with one eye closed.

[1]
[Total: 11]
© UCLES 2018 0625/61/O/N/18

13
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14
4 A student is investigating the relationship between the power produced by an electrical heater and
the time taken to heat a beaker of water. The power of the heater is given by the equation P = VI,
where V is the potential difference (p.d.) across the heater and I is the current in the heater.
Plan an experiment to investigate the relationship between the power produced by an electrical
heater and the time taken to heat a beaker of water.
The following apparatus is available:
ammeter
voltmeter
0–12 V variable power supply
250 cm3 beaker
heater
thermometer
stopwatch
The student can also use other apparatus and materials that are usually available in a school
laboratory.
You should:
• complete the diagram in Fig. 4.1 to show the circuit that you would use
• explain briefly how you would carry out the investigation
• state the key variables that you would control
• draw a table with column headings, to show how you would display your readings (you
are not required to enter any readings in the table)
• explain how you would use your results to reach a conclusion.
© UCLES 2018 0625/61/O/N/18

15
beaker
electrical heater water
Fig. 4.1
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16
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..................................................................................................................................................... [7]
[Total: 7]
© UCLES 2018 0625/61/O/N/18

Cambridge Assessment International Education
PHYSICS 0625/11
Paper 1 Multiple Choice October/November 2018
MARK SCHEME
Maximum Mark: 40
Published
This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of the
examination.
Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report for
Teachers.
Cambridge International will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes.
Cambridge International is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2018 series for most
Cambridge IGCSE™, Cambridge International A and AS Level components and some Cambridge O Level
components.

0625/11 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2018
Question Answer Marks
1 C 1
2 D 1
3 B 1
4 C 1
5 A 1
6 C 1
7 C 1
8 B 1
9 A 1
10 C 1
11 C 1
12 A 1
13 A 1
14 C 1
15 A 1
16 A 1
17 B 1
18 A 1
19 B 1
20 B 1
21 C 1
22 B 1
23 C 1
24 B 1
25 D 1
26 D 1
27 C 1
28 B 1
© UCLES 2018 Page 2 of 3

PUBLISHED 2018
29 C 1
30 C 1
31 B 1
32 D 1
33 D 1
34 A 1
35 B 1
36 A 1
37 B 1
38 A 1
39 B 1
40 C 1

PHYSICS 0625/21
Paper 2 Multiple Core October/November 2018
MARK SCHEME
Maximum Mark: 40
Published
examination.
Teachers.
components.

PUBLISHED 2018
1 B 1
2 C 1
3 B 1
4 D 1
5 C 1
6 D 1
7 A 1
8 D 1
9 C 1
10 B 1
11 C 1
12 A 1
13 A 1
14 A 1
15 D 1
16 A 1
17 A 1
18 C 1
19 B 1
20 B 1
21 C 1
22 D 1
23 B 1
24 B 1
25 C 1
26 B 1
27 B 1
28 A 1

PUBLISHED 2018
29 C 1
30 D 1
31 A 1
32 D 1
33 C 1
34 A 1
35 C 1
36 A 1
37 B 1
38 A 1
39 B 1
40 A 1

PHYSICS 0625/31
Paper 3 Core Theory October/November 2018
MARK SCHEME
Maximum Mark: 80
Published
examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not indicate the
details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began, which would have
considered the acceptability of alternative answers.
Teachers.
components.

0625/31 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme October/November 2018
PUBLISHED
Generic Marking Principles
These general marking principles must be applied by all examiners when marking candidate answers. They should be applied alongside the
specific content of the mark scheme or generic level descriptors for a question. Each question paper and mark scheme will also comply with these
marking principles.
GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 1:
Marks must be awarded in line with:
• the specific content of the mark scheme or the generic level descriptors for the question
• the specific skills defined in the mark scheme or in the generic level descriptors for the question
• the standard of response required by a candidate as exemplified by the standardisation scripts.
Marks awarded are always whole marks (not half marks, or other fractions).
Marks must be awarded positively:
• marks are awarded for correct/valid answers, as defined in the mark scheme. However, credit is given for valid answers which go beyond the
scope of the syllabus and mark scheme, referring to your Team Leader as appropriate
• marks are awarded when candidates clearly demonstrate what they know and can do
• marks are not deducted for errors
• marks are not deducted for omissions
• answers should only be judged on the quality of spelling, punctuation and grammar when these features are specifically assessed by the
question as indicated by the mark scheme. The meaning, however, should be unambiguous.
Rules must be applied consistently e.g. in situations where candidates have not followed instructions or in the application of generic level
descriptors.

PUBLISHED
Marks should be awarded using the full range of marks defined in the mark scheme for the question (however; the use of the full mark range may
be limited according to the quality of the candidate responses seen).
Marks awarded are based solely on the requirements as defined in the mark scheme. Marks should not be awarded with grade thresholds or
grade descriptors in mind.

PUBLISHED
NOTES ABOUT MARK SCHEME SYMBOLS & OTHER MATTERS
B marks are independent marks, which do not depend on other marks. For a B mark to be scored, the point to which it refers must be seen specifically
in the candidate’s answer.
M marks are method marks upon which accuracy marks (A marks) later depend. For an M mark to be scored, the point to which it refers must be seen
in a candidate's answer. If a candidate fails to score a particular M mark, then none of the dependent A marks can be scored.
C marks are compensatory marks in general applicable to numerical questions. These can be scored even if the point to which they refer are not written
down by the candidate, provided subsequent working gives evidence that they must have known it. For example, if an equation carries a
C mark and the candidate does not write down the actual equation but does correct substitution or working which shows he knew the equation,
then the C mark is scored. A C mark is not awarded if a candidate makes two points which contradict each other. Points which are wrong but
irrelevant are ignored.
A marks A marks are accuracy or answer marks which either depend on an M mark, or which are one of the ways which allow a C mark to be scored. A
marks are commonly awarded for final answers to numerical questions. If a final numerical answer, eligible for A marks, is correct, with the
correct unit and an acceptable number of significant figures, all the marks for that question are normally awarded.
Brackets ( ) Brackets around words or units in the mark scheme are intended to indicate wording used to clarify the mark scheme, but the marks do not
depend on seeing the words or units in brackets, e.g. 10 (J) means that the mark is scored for 10, regardless of the unit given.
Underlining Underlining indicates that this must be seen in the answer offered, or something very similar.
OR / or This indicates alternative answers, any one of which is satisfactory for scoring the marks.
e.e.o.o. This means "each error or omission".
o.w.t.t.e. This means “or words to that effect”.
Ignore This indicates that something which is not correct or irrelevant is to be disregarded and does not cause a right plus wrong penalty.
Spelling Be generous about spelling and use of English. If an answer can be understood to mean what we want, give credit. However, do not allow
ambiguities, e.g. spelling which suggests confusion between reflection / refraction / diffraction or thermistor / transistor / transformer.
Not/NOT This indicates that an incorrect answer is not to be disregarded, but cancels another otherwise correct alternative offered by the candidate, i.e.
right plus wrong penalty applies.

PUBLISHED
ecf meaning "error carried forward" is mainly applicable to numerical questions, but may in particular circumstances be applied in non-numerical
questions. This indicates that if a candidate has made an earlier mistake and has carried an incorrect value forward to subsequent stages of
working, marks indicated by ecf may be awarded, provided the subsequent working is correct, bearing in mind the earlier mistake. This
prevents a candidate from being penalised more than once for a particular mistake, but only applies to marks annotated ecf.
Significant Answers are normally acceptable to any number of significant figures ≥ 2. Any exceptions to this general rule will be specified in the mark
scheme.
Arithmetic errors Deduct one mark if the only error in arriving at a final answer is clearly an arithmetic one. Regard a power-of-ten error as an arithmetic error.
Transcription Deduct one mark if the only error in arriving at a final answer is because previously
errors calculated data has clearly been misread but used correctly.
Fractions Allow these only where specified in the mark scheme.
Crossed out work Work which has been crossed out and not replaced but can easily be read, should be marked as if it had not been crossed out.
Use of NR Use this if the answer space for a question is completely blank or contains no readable words, figures or symbols.

PUBLISHED
1(a)(i) constant speed OR speed of 4 m / s (for 80 s) B1
(constant) deceleration OR speed decreases OR slows (down after 80 s) OR stops after 100 s B1
1(a)(ii) distance = area under graph C1
20 × 4 × 0.5 or area = ½ × base × height C1
40 (m) A1
1(b) (average speed =) total distance ÷ total time C1
(630 + 254) ÷ (130 +40) OR 884 ÷ 170 C1
5.2 (m / s) A1

PUBLISHED
2(a)(i) weight B1
2(a)(ii) W=m×g C1
m = 20 000 ÷ 10 C1
2000 (kg) A1
2(b) 400 (N) B1
forwards / to the right B1
3(a) Force × distance (from pivot) OR 80 000 × 5.0 C1
400 000 A1
Nm B1
3(b) c.w. moment = a.c.w moment OR moment of load = moment of counterweight OR 5.0 × 80 000 = load × 8.0 C1
400 000 ÷ 8.0 = load C1
50 000 (N) A1

PUBLISHED
4(a)(i) regular arrangement of atoms in LH box regular arrangement of atoms in LH box B1
4(a)(ii) few atoms with no pattern in RH box B1
4(b) melting below arrow on left B1
condensing / condensation below arrow on right B1
4(c) evaporate / evaporation seen anywhere in explanation B1
Any two from: B2

atoms (at the surface) gain KE
fastest molecules / molecules with most energy
(are able to) escape from surface
5(a) (gravitational) potential energy B1
5(b) Any 3 from: B3

water flows through tunnel / has kinetic energy
when tide coming in / going out
(moving) water causes turbines / (component) X to rotate / turn
(the turbine)turns a generator

PUBLISHED
6(a) insulator(s) B1
6(b) aluminium AND copper B1
6(c) (one end of both rods) placed in same (type of) heat source B3
means of detecting raised temperature e.g. wax covered rods OR pins attached to rods with wax
outcome explained e.g. wax melted further / first on better conductor
7(a)(i) ultraviolet (waves / radiation) B1
7(a)(ii) wavelength B1
7(a)(iii) (visible light and radio waves) / (they have) the same (speed) B1
7(b)(i) Any 2 from: B2

Checking bags or people or packages
For hidden objects
shadow / image on screen / monitor
7(b)(ii) Transmission (of X-rays) B2

through less dense materials owtte
OR
absorption (of X-rays)
by dense materials

PUBLISHED
8(a)(i) vibrates B1
8(a)(ii) Yes B1
(as within audible range of) 20 Hz to 20 000 Hz B1
8(b) line drawn with smaller amplitude B1
lower frequency i.e. fewer waves on screen B1
9(a) electrons B1
move / transfer from the rod OR move / transfer to the cloth B1
9(b) Any 3 from: B3

(idea of bringing) rod near balloon
if balloon repels
it is positively charged
as like charges repel

PUBLISHED
10(a)(i) correct symbols for:
ammeter B1
voltmeter B1
ammeter in series OR voltmeter in parallel B1
10(a)(ii) Any five from: B4

close switch
adjust / change variable resistor to give current in resistor / reading on ammeter
measure / record (pair of) readings on ammeter and voltmeter
description of any check for reliability
idea of adjusting variable resistor to give range of readings
plot a graph
suitable spacing of readings e.g. every 0.05A or 0.1 A
use of V= IR or R = V / I
repeat AND calculate average (value for R)
10(b) (circuit) resistance increases B1
BUT (circuit) resistance doubles / becomes 40 Ω (award two marks as assumes previous (1st) marking point) B1
(current) decreases B1
BUT(current) halves / becomes 0.2 A (award two marks as assumes previous (3rd) marking point) B1

PUBLISHED
11(a) (Vp / Vs) = (Np / Ns) in any form C1
230 / Vs = 1710 / 90 or Vs = (230 × 90) / 1710 OR Vs = 230 / 19 C1
12 (V) A1
11(b) In a step-down transformer there are fewer turns on secondary / output coil (than on primary / input coil) B2
In a step-up transformer there are more turns on secondary / output coil (than on primary / input coil)
11(c) less energy / power wasted (in cables ) / more efficient (transmission) B1
And any one from: B1

(because) smaller current (in transmission cables)
(and so) smaller heating effect (in transmission cables)
(and so) thinner cables can be used (which are cheaper)

PUBLISHED
12(a) 1. 6 B1
2. 6 B1
3. 8 B1
12(b) Any three from: B3

(nucleus has) same number protons or same atomic / proton number
same charge
different mass
different nucleon number
different number of neutrons
12(c) idea of 3 half-lives Or 8.0 → 4.0 → 2.0 → 1.0 C1
5700 × 3 C1
17 100 (years) A1

PHYSICS 0625/41
Paper 4 Extended Theory October/November 2018
MARK SCHEME
Maximum Mark: 80
Published
Teachers.
components.

PUBLISHED
marking principles.
descriptors.

PUBLISHED

PUBLISHED
NOTES ABOUT MARK SCHEME SYMBOLS & OTHER MATTERS
B marks are independent marks, which do not depend on other marks. For a B mark to be scored, the point to which it refers must be seen specifically
in the candidate’s answer.
M marks are method marks upon which accuracy marks (A marks) later depend. For an M mark to be scored, the point to which it refers must be seen
in a candidate's answer. If a candidate fails to score a particular M mark, then none of the dependent A marks can be scored.
C marks are compensatory marks in general applicable to numerical questions. These can be scored even if the point to which they refer are not written
down by the candidate, provided subsequent working gives evidence that they must have known it. For example, if an equation carries a
C mark and the candidate does not write down the actual equation but does correct substitution or working which shows he knew the equation,
then the C mark is scored. A C mark is not awarded if a candidate makes two points which contradict each other. Points which are wrong but
irrelevant are ignored.
A marks A marks are accuracy or answer marks which either depend on an M mark, or which are one of the ways which allow a C mark to be scored. A
marks are commonly awarded for final answers to numerical questions. If a final numerical answer, eligible for A marks, is correct, with the
correct unit and an acceptable number of significant figures, all the marks for that question are normally awarded.
Brackets ( ) Brackets around words or units in the mark scheme are intended to indicate wording used to clarify the mark scheme, but the marks do not
depend on seeing the words or units in brackets, e.g. 10 (J) means that the mark is scored for 10, regardless of the unit given.
Underlining Underlining indicates that this must be seen in the answer offered, or something very similar.
OR / or This indicates alternative answers, any one of which is satisfactory for scoring the marks.
e.e.o.o. This means "each error or omission".
o.w.t.t.e. This means “or words to that effect”.
Ignore This indicates that something which is not correct or irrelevant is to be disregarded and does not cause a right plus wrong penalty.
Spelling Be generous about spelling and use of English. If an answer can be understood to mean what we want, give credit. However, do not allow
ambiguities, e.g. spelling which suggests confusion between reflection / refraction / diffraction or thermistor / transistor / transformer.
Not/NOT This indicates that an incorrect answer is not to be disregarded, but cancels another otherwise correct alternative offered by the candidate, i.e.
right plus wrong penalty applies.

PUBLISHED
ecf meaning "error carried forward" is mainly applicable to numerical questions, but may in particular circumstances be applied in non-numerical
questions. This indicates that if a candidate has made an earlier mistake and has carried an incorrect value forward to subsequent stages of
working, marks indicated by ecf may be awarded, provided the subsequent working is correct, bearing in mind the earlier mistake. This
prevents a candidate from being penalised more than once for a particular mistake, but only applies to marks annotated ecf.
Significant Answers are normally acceptable to any number of significant figures ≥ 2. Any exceptions to this general rule will be specified in the mark
scheme.
Units Deduct one mark for each incorrect or missing unit from an answer that would otherwise gain all the marks available for that answer:
maximum 1 per question. No deduction is incurred if the unit is missing from the final answer but is shown correctly in the working.
Unless listed here or stated in the mark scheme for the question, do not accept derived units e.g. kg m / s2 for N is NOT acceptable.
The following are acceptable alternatives: N m for J, J / s or N m / s for W, N / m2 for Pa, N s and kg m / s are both acceptable for momentum
and impulse. Beware: J is NOT acceptable for moments.
Condone wrong use of upper and lower case symbols e.g. pA for Pa.
Annotate with U. For more than one unit error in a question, underline with a wavy line to indicate an error which has not been penalised.
Arithmetic errors Deduct one mark if the only error in arriving at a final answer is clearly an arithmetic one. Regard a power-of-ten error as an arithmetic error.
Transcription Deduct one mark if the only error in arriving at a final answer is because previously
errors calculated data has clearly been misread but used correctly.
Fractions Allow these only where specified in the mark scheme.
Crossed out work Work which has been crossed out and not replaced but can easily be read, should be marked as if it had not been crossed out.
Use of NR Use this if the answer space for a question is completely blank or contains no readable words, figures or symbols.

PUBLISHED
1(a)(i)1 (4800 / 120 =) 40 m / s B1
1(a)(i)2 (v =) gradient of any part of straight line C1
Value between 50 and 60 m / s A1
1(a)(ii) At t = 20 s, acceleration > zero / acceleration is taking place / greater acceleration than at 100 s B1
At t = 100 s, acceleration = zero / 0 B1
1(b)(i) (F =) ma OR 5.6 × 105 × 0.75 C1
4.2 × 105 N A1
1(b)(ii) Speed / velocity decreases (with time) OR slowing down B1

OR negative acceleration
OR Rate of decrease of speed / velocity
2(a) P × 1.5 B1
2(b)(i) (W × 1.0 OR 210 × 1.0 =) 210 N m B1
2(b)(ii) P × 1.5 = 210 OR P = 210 / 1.5 C1
140 N A1
2(b)(iii) P + Q = 210 OR 140 + Q = 210 OR Q × 1.5 = 210 × 0.5 OR Q = 210 × 0.5 / 1.5 OR P × 0.5 = Q C1
Q = 70 N A1

PUBLISHED
3(a) Energy cannot be created or destroyed B1

OR energy can only be transferred from one form to another
OR total energy remains constant
3(b)(i) Chemical (energy) to kinetic (energy) AND / OR potential (energy) B1
Any one of: B1

Kinetic (energy) to potential (energy) OR gravitational (energy)
Potential (energy) OR gravitational (energy) to kinetic (energy)
Kinetic (energy) to thermal (energy) OR heat (energy)
3(b)(ii)1 (momentum =) mv OR 4.0 × 12 C1
48 kg m / s or N s A1
3(b)(ii)2 (average force =) momentum change / time OR m(v – u) / t C1

OR (mv – mu) / t OR F = ma AND a = (v – u) / t OR 48 / 0.60
80 N A1

PUBLISHED
4(a) mass = 0.25 (kg) OR ρ = m / V C1
volume = (π × 0.032 × 0.1 = 2.8 × 10–4 (m3)) C1
density = (0.25 / 2.8 × 10–4) = 890 kg / m3 A1
OR
mass = 250 (g) OR ρ = m / V
volume = (π × 32 × 10 =) 280 cm3
density = (250 / 280 =) 0.89 g / cm3
OR
ρ = F / A = hρg
ρ = F / Ahg OR 2.5 / π × 0.032 × 0.1 × 10
= 890 kg / m3
4(b)(i) manometer B1
4(b)(ii) (P =) hdg OR 0.02 × 800 × 10 C1
160 Pa A1
4(b)(iii) Value of h stays the same M1
Difference in height not dependent on cross-sectional area of tube A1

OR Pressure of a liquid column depends only on values of h, d and g

PUBLISHED
5(a)(i) 2 different metals labelled B1
2 junctions between different metals B1
Correctly connected meter B1
5(a)(ii) Any two of: B2

Suitable for high temp measurement OR has wide range
Has low value of thermal capacity OR absorbs only a small
quantity of thermal energy / heat
Measures temperature at a point OR small size
Responds quickly
Can be used for remote sensing
5(b)(i) More sensitive B1
Thread moves further (for same expansion) B1
5(b)(ii) More sensitive B1
Greater expansion / more liquid (from bulb) B1

PUBLISHED
6(a) Any three from: B3

Temperature (of liquid / water)
Surface area (of liquid / water)
Draught / wind / movement of air (over surface)
Temperature of surroundings
Humidity (of surrounding air)
6(b) Any two from: B2

More energetic / faster molecules escape
Less energetic / slower molecules remain OR remaining
water is colder
Thermal energy / heat flows from body / skin to colder water
(and person feels colder)
OR (for one mark each)
(Evaporation requires) latent heat of vaporisation

Thermal energy / heat flows from body / skin

PUBLISHED
7(a) Light of a single colour / wavelength / frequency B1
7(b)(i) Reflected wavefronts:
In air, at least 3 wavefronts parallel to each other. B1
Same spacing as incident wavefronts B1
Reflecting at same angle with surface as incident wavefronts B1
7(b)(ii) Refracted wavefronts:
In glass, at least 3 wavefronts parallel to each other AND continuous with incident wavefronts, unless drawn to right of B1
incident wavefronts.
Smaller wavelength than incident wavefronts AND equally spaced. B1
At smaller angle with surface than incident wavefronts and rotated clockwise compared to incident wavefronts B1
7(c) Rope drawn with two of: B2

Amplitude labelled
Wavelength labelled
Crest and trough labelled

PUBLISHED
8(a) Particles / molecules / water / medium vibrate B1
Vibration is in the direction travel of the wave B1
Has compressions and rarefactions B1
8(b)(i) Value in range from 900 m / s to 2000 m / s B1
8(b)(ii) v = fλ in any form OR (λ =) v / f OR answer to (b)(i) / 800 C1
correct evaluation with unit (m) A1
9(a) 2 lamps with correct circuit symbol, in parallel, with correct connection to battery B1
9(b)(i) (12 / 6.0 =) 2.0 A B1
9(b)(ii) (P =) IV OR 2.0 × 12 C1
OR (C1)
(P =) I2R OR 2.02 × 6.0
OR (C1)
(P =) V2 / R OR 122 / 6.0
24 W A1
9(c) (E =) IVt OR Pt in any form OR 36 × 20 C1
= 36 × 20 × 60 × 60 C1
= 2.6 × 106 J A1

PUBLISHED
10(a) (soft) iron B1
10(b)(i) Alternating / changing magnetic field in primary (coil) B1
Alternating / changing (magnetic) field in core (and in secondary coil) OR (magnetic) field lines / flux link secondary B1
e.m.f / voltage induced (in secondary coil) B1
10(b)(ii) VP / VS = NP / NS in any form OR (VP =) VS × NP / NS C1

OR 78 × 560 / 910
48 V A1
10(c) Lower current B1
(Power loss from cables =) I2R so lower current means less power loss OR less heat loss B1

PUBLISHED
11(a) 14 B1
C on left-hand side
6
14 14 B1
on right-hand side (ignoring letter after or before )
7 7
14 B1
N after on right-hand side
7
0 0 B1
+ e on right-hand side OR – e on left-hand side
−1 −1
11(b) Not α because count-rate with paper increase B1
Not β because count-rate with aluminium increase B1
is γ because count rate reduces with lead only B1

OR does not reduce with paper or aluminium

PHYSICS 0625/51
Paper 5 Practical October/November 2018
MARK SCHEME
Maximum Mark: 40
Published
Teachers.
components.

PUBLISHED
marking principles.
descriptors.

PUBLISHED

PUBLISHED
1(a) l0 sensible value, in mm 1
1(b)(i) Sensible l greater than l0 1
1(b)(ii) Correct calculation of e 1
1(b)(iii) k calculated correctly 1
1(c)(i) t sensible 1
1(c)(ii) T = t / 10 and T2 present with unit s2 1
1(c)(iii) Correct k within 20% of previous value 1
1(d) Statement matches results 1
Idea of within (or beyond) limits of experimental accuracy explained, e.g. close enough, very close, too far apart 1
1(e) At least 3 additional values given 1
Values between 50 g and 600 g 1

PUBLISHED
2(a)(i) I to at least 2 dp and < 1 A 1
2(a)(ii) V values to at least 1 dp and < 4 V 1
V values increasing 1
2(b) Graph:
Axes correctly labelled and right way round 1
Suitable scales 1
All plots correct to ½ small square 1
Good line judgement, single, thin, continuous line 1
2(c)(i) Triangle method seen on graph 1
At least half of candidate’s line used and G present 1
2(c)(ii) R correct to 2 or 3 significant figures 1
Unit Ω / cm OR Ω 1

PUBLISHED
3(a) Ray-trace:
Normal through block 1
Normal at centre of AB 1
3(b) Ray-trace: 1
P1 and P2 at minimum distance apart of 5.0 cm
3(c)(i) a correct to ± 1 mm 1
3(c)(ii) b correct to ± 1 mm and both with correct unit 1
3(c)(iii) n correct, 2 or 3 significant figures with no unit 1
n = 1.35 to 1.64 1
3(d)(i) Second set of lines seen on trace in approximately correct positions and a and b recorded 1
3(d)(ii) n within 10% of value in (b) 1
3(e) Any two from: 2

Lining up the pins exactly / seeing pins clearly
Drawing accurate, thin lines
Getting pins vertical
Replacing block accurately on outline / outline larger than block / owtte

PUBLISHED
4 MP1 Workable, correct circuit diagram with power source and correct symbols for ammeter and voltmeter. 1
Method to include:
MP2 Measuring V and I 1
MP3 Repeating with at least two other values of V or power, and / or I 1
MP4 Measuring time to raise water temperature 1
MP5 Any ONE from: 1

Same starting temperature
Same finishing temperature
Same temperature difference
Same room temperature
Same volume / mass / amount of water
MP6 Table with clear columns for time, V and I, with appropriate units and P (or VI) 1
MP7 Conclusion: Plot a graph of power against time. 1

PHYSICS 0625/61
Paper 6 Alternative to Practical October/November 2018
MARK SCHEME
Maximum Mark: 40
Published
Teachers.
components.

PUBLISHED
marking principles.
descriptors.

2018-Oct-Nov-4 Physics

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Cambridge International Examinations

Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education

Soft pencil (type B or HB recommended)

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write in soft pencil.

Read the instructions on the Answer Sheet very carefully.

This document consists of 16 printed pages.

What is the time for one complete swing of the pendulum?

A 0.67 s B 0.75 s C 1.5 s D 3.0 s

2 The diagrams are distance-time graphs for four bodies.

Which body is moving with an increasing speed?

What is her average speed for the total distance of 600 m?

A 2.0 m / s B 4.0 m / s C 4.5 m / s D 8.0 m / s

4 Which quantity is measured in newtons?

© UCLES 2018 0625/11/O/N/18

What is the mass of one steel block?

6 A liquid has a volume of 0.040 m3 and a mass of 30 000 g.

What is the density of the liquid?

A 0.075 kg / m3 B 7.5 kg / m3 C 750 kg / m3 D 7500 kg / m3

unstretched length 65 mm unstretched length 90 mm

unstretched length 105 mm unstretched length 110 mm

© UCLES 2018 0625/11/O/N/18 [Turn over

8 A car moves along a level road.

Which statement is correct?

A The car is slowing down.

A a 6.0 N force at a perpendicular distance of 4.0 m from the pivot

10 Which device is designed to convert chemical energy into kinetic energy?

11 A man climbs a ladder.

A the weight of the man and the time taken only

© UCLES 2018 0625/11/O/N/18

12 A manometer is used to measure the pressure of gas inside a metal container.

What is the pressure inside the container?

A equal to the atmospheric pressure

13 A manometer is used to measure the pressure of a gas supply.

Which change gives a greater value of height h ?

A using a less dense liquid

© UCLES 2018 0625/11/O/N/18 [Turn over

A body of the liquid decreases

15 Diagram 1 shows apparatus being used to observe smoke particles.

Diagram 2 shows how a smoke particle moves randomly.

Why do the smoke particles move randomly?

A They are hit by air molecules.

© UCLES 2018 0625/11/O/N/18

A to allow for contraction of the cable in cold weather

thermal energy temperature of ice

A gained by ice rises

© UCLES 2018 0625/11/O/N/18 [Turn over

Which point on the screen does the infra-red radiation reach?

Which statement explains this observation?

20 A boat moves up and down repeatedly as a water wave passes it.

© UCLES 2018 0625/11/O/N/18

Which diagram shows the wave pattern in the deeper water?

22 A parallel beam of light is incident on a plane mirror.

Which diagram shows how the beam is reflected by the mirror?

© UCLES 2018 0625/11/O/N/18 [Turn over

beam of light screen

statement 1: Infra-red waves are used in television remote controllers.

Which statements are correct?

A 1 and 2 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 3 and 4

© UCLES 2018 0625/11/O/N/18

25 A woman hears the first note produced by a clarinet.

first note second note

A higher frequency larger amplitude