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  • Brain Parts and Functions Chart Key

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    The document describes key regions of the brain including their locations and functions. The cerebrum forms the bulk of the brain mass and is responsible for higher mental functions. It contains the cerebral cortex and four main lobes - frontal, parietal, occipital and temporal. The cerebellum coordinates complex movements while the brainstem regulates vital functions. Specific areas carry out motor control like Broca's area or language processing like Wernicke's area. Sensory and motor information passes through the thalamus and basal ganglia while the hypothalamus maintains homeostasis.

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    The document describes key regions of the brain including their locations and functions. The cerebrum forms the bulk of the brain mass and is responsible for higher mental functions. It contains the cerebral cortex and four main lobes - frontal, parietal, occipital and temporal. The cerebellum coordinates complex movements while the brainstem regulates vital functions. Specific areas carry out motor control like Broca's area or language processing like Wernicke's area. Sensory and motor information passes through the thalamus and basal ganglia while the hypothalamus maintains homeostasis.

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    2K views2 pages

    Brain Parts and Functions Chart Key

    Uploaded by

    bhihi jkgug;u
    The document describes key regions of the brain including their locations and functions. The cerebrum forms the bulk of the brain mass and is responsible for higher mental functions. It contains the cerebral cortex and four main lobes - frontal, parietal, occipital and temporal. The cerebellum coordinates complex movements while the brainstem regulates vital functions. Specific areas carry out motor control like Broca's area or language processing like Wernicke's area. Sensory and motor information passes through the thalamus and basal ganglia while the hypothalamus maintains homeostasis.

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    of 2

    Brain Region Location Function

    Dura Mater Part of the meninges forming the Encapsulates the brain and contains the
    outer connective layer CSF (Cerebrospinal fluid)
    surrounding the brain.
    Cerebrum Forebrain. Forms the bulk of the Sensory, motor and higher mental
    brain’s mass. functions.
    Cerebral Cortex Thin layer of gray matter on the Contains 75% of the neural cell bodies.
    exterior of the cerebrum. Cortex includes the convolutions of the
    gyri.
    Frontal Lobe Anterior brain. Includes the 2 Concentration, planning, problem-solving,
    hemispheres of the cerebrum. cognition, frontal eye fields.
    Parietal Lobe Posterior to frontal lobe Understanding speech, using grammar and
    word organization.
    Occipital Lobe Posterior of cerebral hemispheres. Combines visual images and visual
    recognition of objects and shapes.
    Temporal Lobe Inferior to frontal and parietal Sensory interpretation. Memory of visual
    lobes. and auditory patterns.
    Broca’s area Deep, frontal lobe Motor speech area.

    Wernicke’s area posterior section of the superior


    temporal gyrus in the dominant perception and language processing
    cerebral hemisphere (which is the
    left hemisphere in about 90% of
    people).
    Cerebellum Posterior / inferior Mostly white matter. Reflex for sensory
    information. Coordinates complex skeletal
    movements.
    Spinal Cord Inferior brain into spinal column. Connect the body to the brain.
    CNS superhighway.
    Medulla Oblongata Extends from pons (brain stem) Vital visceral functions like cardiac,
    into the foramen magnum of the vasomotor (change in vessel diameter), and
    cranium. respiratory functions.
    Pons Anterior bulge on underside of Neural connection between the cerebrum
    brain stem. and cerebellum.
    Pituitary Gland Attached to the base of the brain.. Regulates hormonal control

    Infundibulum Located behind the optic Attachment point for the pituitary gland.
    chiasma.
    Hypothalamus Located in Diencephalon Maintains the body’s homeostasis.
    Regulates visceral activity and is the
    primary link to the endocrine /hormonal
    system.
    Thalamus Located in the midbrain within Relay station for ascending sensory
    the diencephalon region. impulses incoming from the CNS.
    Corpus Callosum Inferior to cerebral hemispheres. Forms the neural connection between the
    right and left cerebral hemispheres.
    Limbic System Located within the Diencephalon. Regulates emotional responses including
    Includes the thalamus, sex drive, elation, happiness, anger,
    hypothalamus and basal nuclei. frustration.
    Pyramidal Tract Found within the medulla Path for descending information of efferent
    oblongata of the brain stem. nervous pathway.
    Optic Tract Found within the diencephalon Passage of visual sensory stimulus from the
    eyes to the brain.
    Optic Chiasma Crossing of optic nerve fibers on The point of optic nerve fiber crossing as
    the underside of the brain. information passes from sensory receptors
    in the eye to the brain.
    Optic Nerve Connects eyes to the brain. Passageway of visual stimulus.

    Olfactory Nerve Underside of brain. Olfactory (smell ) stimulus link between the
    nose and the parietal lobe.
    Olfactory Bulb Forebrain Extensions of cerebral cortex below the
    frontal lobe.

    Brainstem: consists of the midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata.

    Diencephalon: 3rd ventricle region of the midbrain that includes the thalamus and
    hypothalamus.

    The Brain: is divided into 3 main regions: The Cerebrum, Cerebellum and Brain Stem.

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