[Pilosoposis bedi] 26.

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filosofosis bedi

gardaicvala filosofosi merab mamardaSvili: didi filosofosi, inteleqtualuri dasavleTisa da

ruseTis mier aRiarebuli da dafasebuli. kaci, romelic mTeli Tavisi arsebiT, udidesi gonebrivi
intensiobiT organulad iyo CarTuli Tanamedrove msoflio azrovnebis daZabul pulsaciaSi, kaci, romliTac
iamayebda nebismieri didi da civilizebuli qveyana.
merab mamardaSvilisaTvis filosofia ar warmoadgenda kerZo, ganyenebul `sagans~, `codnaTa
sistemas~. misTvis filosofosad yofna _ iyo wilxvedri, bediswera anu `sxvagvaradyofnis SeuZlebloba~:
`yovelgvari saqme SeiZleba warmovidginoT rogorc aqtebis Tanmimdevroba. magram maT Soris aris
iseTi aqti, romelic arc erT maTgans ar emTxveva. es aris raRac pauzis, intervalis msgavsi, garegnulad
aranairi produqtiT rom ar vlindeba; raRac iseTi, grandiozul Sromas rom moiTxovs, mTeli adamianuri
Zalebis udidesi daZabvis wertils warmoadgens, da amave dros, araviTar praqtikul reaqciebSi, saqmis
keTebaSi, TviT emociebsa da vnebebSic ar gadaiRvreba da ar ganimuxteba...~. `Cveulebriv, adamiani
mrisxanebiT pasuxobs Seuracxyofas, sixaruliT _ sasurveli sagnis dauflebas. magram xom SesaZlebelia
sasurveli sagnis argamoyeneba da Seuracxmyofelis upasuxod datoveba, maSin TiTqos qvavdebi am
mdgomareobaSi, am pauzaSi... da mTavari isaa, Tu ra xdeba iq, sadac warmoiqmneba es sruliad
gansakuTrebuli, uecrad aRmocenebuli sivrce, sadac vimyofebiT, ar vmonawileobT ra reaqciaTa da
moqmedebaTa jaWvSi. rogorc Cans, aseTi pauza yvela qmedebas axlavs, yvela qmedebas, romelic ki
aRbeWdilia bedisweriT an monawileobs bedisweraSi~ (merab mamardaSvili. `filosofia _ rogorc
bediswera~). ai ase, sulis labirinTebSi gamotarebul-gamotanjuli, sulis uZrav intervalebSi gajerebuli da
azrad SenivTuli gancda, gamocdileba, intuicia, am yovelives gacema-gaziarebis unari da
moTxovnileba iyo merab mamardaSvilisaTvis f i l o s o f o s o b a .
batoni merabi sokrates tipis filosofosi gaxldaT: cxovrebaSi moqmedi, romelic akademiur kurss
ki ar `kiTxulobda~, aramed, romlis codnac niadag realizdeboda da amave dros, Tavad zustdeboda
cocxal komunikaciaSi, mowafe-maswavleblis urTierTobebSi, msmenelTa auditoriebSi, sadac
filosofosis saubari warmoadgenda azrovnebis cocxal, uSualo, spontanur process, romelsac safuZvlad
edo Rrma da Tanmimdevruli codna filosofiis, literaturis, kulturisa. azris cocxal nakadSi CarTuli iyo
Tavad msmenelic, romelsac uCndeboda gancda, rom TiTqos ki ar aswavlidnen, aramed Tavad
monawileobda azris SemoqmedebiT mdinarebaSi, axal-axal, moulodnel mignebebTan rom midioda.
aki merab mamardaSvilis naazrevis mniSvnelovan nawils msmenelTa mier Cawerili da
gaSifruli misi zepiri leqciebi, misi sajaro monologebi (rogorc Tavad uwodebs filosofias: `sajaro
azrovneba~) warmoadgens, romlebsac sakvirveli artistizmis wyalobiT mxatvrul-filosofiuri esses
xasiaTi aqvT, rac gapirobebulia filosofosis Rrma kavSiriT literaturasTan. m. mamardaSvilic im

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moazrovneTa rigs miekuTvneba, romlebic aRiareben, rom `filosofia yvelaze metad poeziasTanaa
axlos~.
merab mamardaSvili Rirseuli wevri gaxldaT Tanamedrove, humanuri da moazrovne
kacobriobisa, im sulieri saZmosi, romlis mTeli gonebrivi Widili da SemarTeba iseT urTules,
sabediswero saqmes xmardeba, rogoric pirovnebis Sinagani gaTavisuflebaa, radgan Seucvlelia
aqsioma: mxolod Tavisufali pirovneba SeiZleba iqces myar libo-saZirkvlad Tavisuflebis nebismieri
sazogadoebrivi Senobisa.
tragikulia es misia: radgan me-20 saukunis adamianis cnobiereba Soreul da uaxloes istoriaSi
aRmarTuli avtoritaruli, politikuri Tu yalbad gaazrebuli religiuri sistemebis damTrgunveli ideologiebiT
dawnexili da Sesabamisad, agresiis matarebeli aRmoCnda. misi fsiqika, zneoba, intimur-grZnobadi
cxovreba da misi qvecnobiereba sxvadasxva juris mbrZaneblur ideologiaTa, primitiuli, amdenad,
vitaluri kliSeebiT, StampebiT, stereotipebiT, saqmeebiT daRdasmul-daavadebuli warmoCinda.
xelovanTa, fsiqologTa da filosofosTa Zalisxmeva swored am moZalade sazogadoebriv-politikur
ideologiaTa fantomebis, qimerebis, aCrdilebis msxvrevas emsaxureba.
tragikulia es misia, radgan adamiani ise arafers ewinaaRmdegeba, rogorc Tavis Sinagan
marwuxebze yalb da `xelsayrel WeSmaritebebze~ uaris Tqmas.
Tu msoflios demokratiul da mowinave nawilSi mniSvnelovani nabijebi gadaidga am
mimarTulebiT, ris Sedegadac gvevlineba swored is demokratiuloba da mowinaveoba (Tavis mxriv,
Sinagani Tavisuflebisaken sazogadoebis Semdgom svlas rom apirobebs), msoflios sxva nawilSi _
upirovno usaxeo komunisturi partiebisa Tu romelime religiuri winamZRol-kerpis diqtaturebSi
adamianis Sinaganma dakabalebam ukiduresobas miaRwia. Sesabamisad, sazogadoebaSi dagrovda
agresiis uaRresad saSiSi moculobis fondi da avismomaswaveblad dairRva humanuri da antihumanuri
Zalebis Sefardeba.
doqtrinaTa xangrZlivi batonobis Sedegi ki is aris, rom rodesac iwyeba romelime avtoritaruli
ideologiis msxvreva, sazogadoebis didi nawili mas upirobo azrovnebas ki ar upirispirebs (ver
upirispirebs), aramed upirispirebs sawinaaRmdego ideologiis doqtrinebsa da kliSeTa sistemas, xolo
brZolis meTodebad iyenebs imas, rac icis, rac gamjdari aqvs, anu im meTodebs, riTac mas ebrZoda
gabatonebuli klasi. niSandoblivia, rom sajaro gancxadebebsa Tu programebSi opozicia aRiarebs uzneo
meTodebis principul miuReblobas, magram realurad misi didi nawili moqmedebs politikuri
makiavelizmis kanonebiT. am Segnebuli Tu uneblie gaorebiT grZeldeba zneobrivi safuZvlebis
Semdgomi gaqelva, rasac asgzis ufro saSiSi xasiaTi aqvs, radgan es xdeba diskreditebul xelisuflebas
dapirispirebuli Zalis mxridan, romelic moqmedebs maRali ideebis saxeliT.
ai, es procesi ganviTarda CvenSic. aq xom savaldebulo aTeizms savaldebulo religiurobas
(marTlmadideblobas) upirspireben. savaldebulo socializms _ savaldebulo, mbrZaneblur, viwrod
gagebul `erovnulobas~ (mitingebze aryofna _ antierovnulobad cxaddeboda), savaldebulo marqsizms _

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marqsizmis akrZalvas (`cecxliT unda amovSanToT, Zirfesvianad aRmovfxvraT marqsizmi~),
gansxvavebuli azris qonas _ acxadeben samSoblos Ralatad, raki sakuTar Tavs samSoblosTan
(WeSmaritebasTan qristesTan!) aigiveben.
cxadia, es yovelive gardamavali periodi aRmoCndeba im qveynisaTvis, romelsac saerTod
uweria Tavisi yovelmxrivi CamorCenilobis daZleva da msoflio civilizaciis magistralze gaRweva.
dRevandel msoflioSi ulmoblad moqmedi ekonomiuri kodi da qveynebis gansakuTrebuli ekologiur-
ekonomikuri damokidebuleba erTmaneTze _ TavisTavad ubiZgebs ama Tu im qveyanas demokratiuli
wyobisaken. magram dauSvebelia politikur-socialuri problemebis irgvliv humanitaruli azris
moduneba, romelic isedac nakleb sayovelTao da droSi gaxangrZlivebuli moqmedebis meqanizmia.
radgan myife aRmoCndeba yovelgvari demokratiuli wyoba, romelic kulturiT ar aris nasazrdoebi.
sabolood aseTi sazogadoebis zneobrivi anarqia gardauvalia.
magram Cveni humanitaruli sazogadoebis didi nawili dums. is pirovnebebic ki, romelTac ar
eSinodaT imperiis aSkara kritika, agresiuli opoziciis mimarT kritikuli SeniSvnis gamoTqmasac ki ver
bedaven. presa, iseve rogorc diqtaturis wlebSi, ar aireklavs umciresobis gansxvavebul azrs, amis
ZiriTadi mizezi presis daucveloba da amdenad misi mudmivi erTgulebaa realuri Zalis mimarT.
merab mamardaSvili ar dumda. swored imitom, rom misTvis filosofia bediswera iyo. mas ar
SeeZlo ar eTqva is, rasac fiqrobda. da miT umetes, ar SeeZlo ar efiqra im yvelaferze, rac mis Tvalwin
xdeboda. igi iseve akritikebda opoziciaSi gamovlenili Zaladobisa da uzneobis niSnebs, rogorc mTeli
cxovreba akritikebda xelisuflebasa da mis yalb ideologias. filosofosi merab mamardaSvili gaxda
mesityve sazogadoebis im nawilisa, romlis warmodgenebi zneobaze ukidures konfliqtSi movida
sazogadoebis meore nawilis, SeiZleba, umravlesobis saqcielTan. mesityve _ gansxvavebuli azrisa da
msoflgancdis mqone da swored amitom, terorizebuli umciresobisa. amave dros, SesaZlebeli
aRmoCnda misi dialogi Seurigebeli da radikaluri opoziciis erT nawilTan, romelmac gansxvavebuli
azrisadmi Semwynarebloba da vinmes devnisa Tu ciliswamebis miuRebloba gamoavlina.
zemoT vTqvi, rom sokrates tipis filosofosi iyo merab mamardaSvili: igi Tavis Tu sxvis
nawerebSi gansvenebuli suli ar gaxldaT, aramed, isic sokratesaviT `krazana~ iyo, romelic sityviT da
azriT `kbenda~ Tavis saxelmwifosa da qalaqs, raTa es qalaqi TviTkmayofilebisa da axali fantomebis
bangiT ar gabruebuliyo, aramed fxizlad Caexeda sakuTar TavSi. swored amitom SeimarTeba xolme
nebismieri `qalaqi~ masze miCenili gamomafxizleblis winaaRmdeg, ra mizeziTac ar unda SeiniRbos
misTvis gawvdili SxamiT savse fiala.
magram sokrateseul krazanad yofnis unarsa da uflebas mxolod ufarToesi ganaTlebuloba rodi
aniWebs adamians, aramed: samarTlianoba azrovnebisa. igi gansxvavebul azrs ki ar qolavs, aramed
ismens, aanalizebs da arqmevs im saxels, rac am movlenas hqvia filosofosis zneobriv da inteleqtualur
enaze. radgan gacnobiereba da saxeldebaa misi misia, anu bediswera.

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 me-20 saukuneSi maradiuli winaaRmdegoba pirovnebasa da masas (koleqtivs) Soris
ukiduresad gaizarda da filosofiis, sociologiis, fsiqologiisa Tu literaturis sagangebo Temad
Camoyalibda. pirovnebasa da umravlesobas Soris dapirispirebis umZafres arenad iqca politika.
politikuri lideris (partiis, jgufis) ideologia umetesad masobriv cnobierebazea gaTvlili, radgan
misTvis masa warmoadgens iaraRs. masebis praqtikuli, droSi daCqarebuli anu revoluciuri
amoZravebaa miznis miRwevis saSualeba. moazrovne, sulieri pirovneba ki individualizaciis,
adamianSi pirovnebis gaRviZebis, misi Sinagani gaTavisuflebis evoluciur gzas adgas. rom politikasa
da morals Soris realurad damkvidrebuli dapirispireba adreve iyo gacnobierebuli, amas mowmobs
Tundac i. g. herderis (me-18 s.) sityvebi: `politikisaTvis adamiani saSualebaa, moralisaTvis _ mizani~.
sulieri pirovnebisaTvis dauSvebelia adamianis msxverplad mitana politikuri kataklizmebis
gamosawvevad. gavixsenoT, rom m. mamardaSvilis pirovnebaSi 9 aprilis tragediam gamoiwvia ara
erovnuli dResaswaulisa da gamarjvebis, aramed Selaxuli Tavmoyvareobis, Secdomisa da sircxvilis
gancda. filosofosis es gancda daemTxva sazogadoebis erTi nawilis, maT Soris politikosebis (i.
WavWavaZis sazogadoeba) mier 9 aprilis xocva-Jletis aRqmas. am nawilisaTvis Rrma tramvad iqca
mamakacebis Tvalwin qalebis daxocva, maTTvis Ceqmebiani wixlebis cema mucelSi da bilwi
sityvebiT gineba. maTTvis es sasaklao iyo da ara brZolis veli. arsebobs da iarsebebs radikalurad
gansxvavebuli aRqma da xedva. dauSvebelia, rom gansxvavebuli aRqmis adamianebma erTmaneTis
Caqolva moiwadinon. de, azrobriv dialogSi moipovon gamarjveba da arsebobis ufleba sxvadasxva
poziciebma.
sulieri pirovneba uars ambobs araTu samSoblos, saxelmwifos, aramed mTeli samyaros
bednierebazec ki, romlis saZirkvelSi Cavardeba bavSvis Tundac erTi cremli. maSasadame, nebismieri
saxis Zaladoba, usamarTloba da upasuxismgebloba konkretuli adamianis sicocxlis mimarT _ rogorc
saSualeba misTvis miuRebelia TviT umaRlesi miznis gulisTvisac ki. ufro sworad, saSualeba, brZolis
meTodi gansazRvravs mizans (maradiulad gamarTlebulia mxolod qveynis TavdacviTi omi, rogorc
wmidaTawmida movaleoba. magram TviT aqac xdeba xolme pirovnuli moralis dapirispireba
sayovelTao, saxelmwifo movaleobasTan: romelime kerZo adamiani ar klavs romelime kerZo mters,
misadmi uecrad aRZruli sibralulis an pativiscemis gamo).
politikosi arsebiTad garegan Tavisuflebaze amaxvilebs yuradRebas: saxelmwifoebriv
damoukideblobasa da Zlierebaze (rac TavisTavad swori mizania. arasworia am miznisTvis pirovnebis,
konkretuli adamianis mimarT usamarTloba, upasuxismgebloba, zneobaze gadabijeba). igi aRiarebs
saxelmwifos primats pirovnebis winaSe. erTi wyobilebis meoreTi Secvla WeSmariti cxovrebis
upirveles garantad miaCnia, nebsiT Tu uneblied eyrdnoba Tezas: `yofiereba gansazRvravs
cnobierebas~. filosofosi xalxisaTvis ufro Znelad gasageb enaze laparakobs da orientirebulia upiratesad
Sinagan Tavisuflebaze, risTvisac iZulebuli da valdebulia adamians misi Sinagani dakabalebis mZime

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panorama da niuansebi gadauSalos. igi arasasiamovno, mZime simarTles ambobs da namdvili
cxovrebisaken mimaval Zalze Znel da grZel gzas usaxavs sazogadoebas.
diqtatoruli tipis politikuri lideri Cveulebriv mimarTavs maameblobas, pirmoTneobas masis
(xalxis) mimarT, mis qeba-didebas, misi sibrZnis, SorsmWvretelobis, rasobrivi da moraluri
gamorCeulobis aqcentirebas, raTa gaiyolos igi da daimorCilos. Semdeg ki xalxis erTi Seqebuli nawili
meores _ `cuds~, `uvargiss~, `xalxis mters~ daupirispiros da moaspobinos. sulieri, moazrovne
pirovneba amxels da aanalizebs ra adamianis, xalxis daavadebis farul Zirebs, advilad iricxeba `xalxis
mterTa~ rigebSi da motyuebuli masis Tavzardamcemad gulwrfeli sisastikis msxverpli xdeba (`Cvens
cuds ar malavs, es xom cxadi siZulvilia!~).
diqtatoruli tipis politikur liders sWirdeba xalxis infantilizmi. moazrovne, sulieri pirovneba ki
aaSkaravebs am infantilizms: xalxis mier diqtaturis damxoba xSirad namdvili Tavisuflebis wyurvili ki
ar aris, aramed ukve Camoyalibebuli midrekilebis, kompleqsis realizacia: erTi `mama-batonis~
mklavebidan meore `mama-beladis~ rkinis mklavebSi gadainacvlos, `sayvarel~ marwuxebSi
moipovos moCvenebiTi usafrTxoeba. filosofosi daJinebiT mouwodebs adamians sxvis, ufro Zlieris
(`mamis~, `mmarTvelis~) imedad ki ar iyos, aramed gaacnobieros Tavisi ontologiuri martooba, raTa
gaexsnas kategoriul imperativs, mas sakuTari Zalebis, unaris, niWis srul realizacias rom ubrZanebs.
winamZRolebis, qurumebis, beladebis dros wavida. da wavida swored imitom, rom dadges
individualuri TviTgamorkvevisa da cnobierebis xana.
merab mamardaSvili filosofiis enaze laparakobda da ambobda ara politikur, partiul, gnebavT
nacionalur simarTles, aramed samarTlianobiT, rogorc aseTiT, aRbeWdil simarTles _ RirebulebaTa im
universaluri Skalidan rom amoizrdeba, romelic elementaruli sagnebiT iwyeba da umaRlesi
RirebulebiT _ WeSmaritebiT anu RmerTiT mTavrdeba. eri, rogorc erT-erTi fundamenturi Rirebuleba,
swored am universalur Skalaze moiazreba da ara misgan mowyvetiT. ase rom, tyuilad iCemebs
erovnulobas is, vinc Tavisi Sinagani sivrciT samyaros moqalaqec ar aris (gazeT `literaturul
saqarTvelos~ erTxans devizad hqonda swored es Suaze gawyvetili aqsioma: naxevarsimarTle, rac
aviwroebs erovnulobis Sinaarss da Cveulebriv, nacionalizmiT avsebs mas: `Cemi xatia samSoblo~.
mxolod mere miumates: `saxate _ mTeli qveyana~). amitom aris, rom WeSmariteba (RmerTi),
samSobloze metia, radgan WeSmaritebaa samSoblos sazomi (am azris gamo karga xans esxmodnen
Tavs m. mamardaSvils). Tu qveyana WeSmaritebis gzas hkargavs, is veravis samSoblo veRar iqneba,
WeSmaritebis uarmyofelTa garda, xolo am marSma da lozungma `germania, germania, upirveles
yovlisa!~ _ e. i. upirveles WeSmaritebisa! _ sadamde miiyvana es erT-erTi yvelaze kulturuli eri,
yvelam kargad viciT. isic viciT, rom im kulturis gamgrZeleblebma da matareblebma erTianad datoves
samSoblo, radgan is maTi samSoblo aRar iyo.
faSizmi _ es aucileblad omi ki ar aris (omi SeZlebazea), aramed, upirveles yovlisa,
msoflmxedvelobaa, romelic udides tramvas ayenebs, sxvas rom Tavi davaneboT, Tavad am ideologiiT

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Sepyrobili xalxisa Tu individebis cnobierebas, didi xniT aqveiTebs maT sulier janmrTelobas, tovebs
xangamZle kompleqsebsa da laxvarCacemul prestiJs (`araviTari Sebraleba, araviTari demokratia, Tuki
dRes saqarTvelos gadasarCenad saWiroa faSizmi, unda iyos faSizmi!~ _ ase gahyviroda erT-erT
Tavyrilobaze opoziciuri moZraobis erT-erTi aqtivisti da, sxvaTa Soris, m. mamardaSvilis erT-erTi
oponenti).
faSizmis, nacional-bolSevizmisa Tu neobolSevizmis niSnebma aSkarad ifeTqes Cvens Tvalwin
(mitingi _ autodafe: inteligenciis Rvawlmosil warmomadgenelTa Caqolvis wyurviliT anTebuli
gaafTrebuli brbo, maTi wignebisa da kinofilmebis dawvis moTxovniT; mecnier-istorikosis wignis
dapatimreba; redaqciis darbeva terorist qalTa mier; sxvadasxva dawesebulebaTa darbeva; Senobebis
ZaliT dapyroba; mitingis organizeba politikuri oponentis _ Tan qalis _ saxlis win, misi dapatimrebisa
da gasaxlebis moTxovniT; mahmadiani mesxebis, dvaliZeTa dawiokeba da gasaxleba, sasikvdilo
sarecelze mijaWvuli politikuri lideris lanZRva-gineba, wyevla-krulva! da sxv. risi miCqmalvac surT
dainteresebul jgufebs. amas yvelafers uyureben bavSvebi da axalgazrdebi. mere gvikvirs: ratom imata
sisastikem da danaSaulma!).
aseTma movlenebma met-naklebi intensiobiT ruseTSi da sxva respublikebSic iCina Tvi.
magram riTac saqarTvelo gansakuTrebulad gamoirCa, es aris is arnaxuli jvarosnuli laSqroba sakuTari
inteligenciis winaaRmdeg, rasac erT-erTi politikuri dajgufeba axorcielebda opoziciuri moZraobis
dawyebidanve: inteligenciis swored Rvawlmosil warmomadgenelTa, cnobil xelovanTa da mecnierTa
sruli diskreditaciis, e. i. nebismieri sxva avtoritetis mospobis mizniT.
werilSi, romelic axlad gardacvlili adamianis sulis irgvliv trialebs, sasurveli iqneboda
amqveyniuri oromtrialis aRargaxseneba. magram swored es movlenebi iqca merab mamardaSvilis
sicocxlis bolo wlebis gansacdelad: swored imitom, rom igi bedisweriT iyo filosofosi _ ar SeeZlo ar
CarTuliyo am vnebaTaRelvaSi, da ar SeeZlo usafrTxoebis gamo sityva Caekla sakuTar TavSi, misi
amoTqma ufro momgebiani droisTvis gadaedo: `Tavad situacia, romelic badebs filosofosobis
moTxovnilebas, _ es `zemZlavri Zabvis~ zonaa, mTeli sasicocxlo Zalebis, gamocdilebis, intuiciis
koncentracia da is, rac am yovelivedan amoizrdeba, aris yvirili, romlis Sekavebac SeuZlebelia. es
yvirili, es ganaTeba Seexeba yvelafers, rac akavSirebs adamians samyrosTan, sxva adamianebTan~, _
merab mamardaSvili.
ori welia yvelas Tvalwin grZeldeboda merab mamardaSvilis winaaRmdeg gaCaRebuli
niSandoblivi darazmulobiT aRbeWdili kampania Cveni presis furclebze, mitingebze, sxvadasxva juris
Tavyrilobebze. ra sasargeblo da sasixarulo iqneboda yvelasaTvis, es rom kamaTi yofiliyo. Tundac
mZafri, ukompromiso, magram mainc kamaTi da ara lanZRva-gineba politikuri dajgufebisa da mis
mimdevarTa mxridan. jer mxolod is rad Rirs, msoflio mniSvnelobis moazrovnes im gazeTis furclebze,
romelic formalurad mainc unda icavdes azrovnebas, kulturasa da zrdilobas, `areuli azrebisa da carieli
gulis~ patronad rom naTlaven, mxolod imitom, rom kritikuli azris iyo im politikuri jgufis

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moRvaweobaze, romelsac xsenebuli statiis avtori miekuTvneba (samZimris depeSebi: estoneTidan,
safrangeTidan, somxeTidan, ruseTidan, amerikidan da sxv.: `...Caesvena Cveni filosofiur-humanitaruli
azris mze~, `...usazRvro mwuxarebas ganvicdiT saukunis didi moazrovnis sikvdilis gamo~,
`...SegvZra didi mecnieris, didi simamacis kacis sikvdilma...~, `es iyo azris giganturi samyaro~).
marTlac da gansacvifrebelia is RvarZli da gaboroteba, rac m. mamardaSvilis oponentTa
statiebsa da zepir gamosvlebSi SeimCneoda. amis mizezi, vfiqrob, ZalTa ukiduresi araTanabroba iyo.
erT mxares, udidesi ganaTlebisa da inteleqtualuri diapazonis kaci, romlis arsenalic msoflio azrovnebis
miRwevebs moicavda da meore mxares, uaRresad viwrod gagebuli erovnulobis unayofo aqsiomebi da
kliSeebi. samagierod, Tu filosofosi mxolod sakuTari Tavis amara idga am brZolaSi, misi oponentebi
zurggamagrebulni iyvnen Zlieri partiuli dajgufebiT, mravalaTasiani mitingebiT, monopoliiT masobrivi
informaciis saSualebebze, `imperiis agentis~ iarliyiT da mdedrobiTi sqesis aqtivistebiT, ukve ori welia
satelefono SantaJebiT sisxli rom gauSres inteligenciis warmomadgenlebs, maTTvis stresuli
mdgomareobis Sesaqmnelad.
m. mamardaSvilis zogi oponenti mSobliuri enis gramatikul codnas warmatebiT iyenebs
sakmaod mwiri azrebis, Skolaruli aqsiomebis gadmosacemad, xolo m. mamardaSvils, misi bed-iRbliT
gapirobebuli garkveuli gamanZileba qarTuli enisagan xels ver uSlida am enis siRrmidan didi,
originaluri azrebi amoetana da maSasadame, enis faruli potencia ganexorcielrbina. darwmunebuli var,
filosofosi m. mamardaSvilis zogi oponenti isev misi wyalobiT SeiZleba moxvdes sadme istoriis
sqolioSi, rogorc epizoduri figura, romelmac mainc moaxerxa didi moazrovnisaTvis sicocxle
gaemwarebina. iseve, rogorc meletma da anitem moipoves negatiuri ukvdaveba platonis nawerebSi,
rogorc sokrates gamwiravebma.
darwmunebuli var, ganaTlebul, humanur da demokratiul saqarTveloSi ufro meti axalgazrdoba
daewafeba m. mamardaSvilis uRrmes naazrevs, rac dRes sruliad auTvisebelia Cvengan, da swored
misiT nasazrdoebi win aRudgeba Zaladobis yovelgvar saxeobas. magram vera da ver damiviwyebia is
sisastike, riTac Tavs esxmodnen xnier, orjer infarqtgadatanil kacs (zogierTi misi yofili msmenelis,
SemdgoSi politikuri partiis wevris usityvo sanqciiT). ver damiviwyebia, rogor ramdenime TveSi
Camoiqca da gaiqela, namdvili erovnuli saunje, rasac ufros-umcrosobis kodeqsi hqvia, rasac
saukuneTa manZilze agebdnen da amkvidrebdnen Cveni winaprebi, rogorc saZirkvels cxovrebis
eTikuri wesrigisa (stvena, yvirili, `sukis agentis~ Zaxili, axalgazrda qalebis(!), qaliSvilebisa(!) da
kacebis mxridan xnieri, mamistola, Rvawlmosili adamianebisadmi: sxdomebze, yrilobebze,
mitingebze. da ukanaskneli didebuli magaliTi, ukve axali parlamentis pirvelsave sesiaze
gabrwyinebuli: axalgazrda deputati saxelganTqmul mecniers, lamis mamad rom ekuTvnis, sruliad
uwyinar SeniSvnaze pirSi miaxlis: `salaybod nu gadaaqcevT am parlamentso~). gansakuTrebiT ki is
mawerinebs am yvelafers, rom Tvalwin midgas Cveni inteligenciis warmomadgenelTa (amdeni
SeuracxyofiTa da ciliswamebiT) infarqtis rigSi Camdgari gulebi. maT xom ukve didi xania

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CamourigdaT sukis, imperiis, ruseTis, TviT TurqeTis(!) agentis sapatio wodebani! aki ar iklo am
Setevam d ager cota xnis win sami inteleqtualuri graciis neobolSevikuri paTosiT axali gaqaneba
SeiZina isev `literaturuli saqarTvelos~ furclebze, xolo uzenaesi sabWos meore sesiaze igive deputatma
bolos da bolos 70-wliani ubedurebis lamis mTavari damnaSave aRmoaCina: mecnieruli inteligencia!
mas Semdeg, rac sabWoTa sapyrobilis kari gaixsna, merab mamardaSvili Zalze xSirad iyo
xolme ucxoeTSi. miwveuli gaxldaT yvela mniSvnelovan filosofiur Tu kulturologiur simpoziumebze,
konferenciebze; leqciebis wasakiTxad dasavleTis universitetebSi. igi Tavis garSemo ikrebda
ganaTlebul, moazrovne, maZiebel pirovnebebs evropuli enebis brwyinvale mcodne, erTmaneTTan
aerTianebda da akavSirebda sxvadasxva qveynebis kulturebs, azrobriv monapovarT, xelovanT,
filosofosT. igi iyo inteleqtualuri saqarTvelos sruluflebiani elCi, misi warmomadgeneli umaRles
doneze: msoflios sulier saZmoSi misi pirovnebis magaliTze ganaTlebuli msoflio xedavda, rom
saqarTvelo mxolod diqtatorebis qveyana ar iyo, rom dResdReobiT ekonomikur-politikurad damcrobil,
msoflio civilizaciis konteqstidan amovardnil qveyanas SeeZlo diqtaturis winaaRmdeg mebrZoli
uZlieresi inteleqtiT warmdgariyo msoflio masStabis sulier TanamegobrobaSi.
merab mamardaSvili amerikidan moskovis gavliT TbilisSi brundeboda. is moskovis aeroportSi
gardaicvala. mis kubos misi moskoveli megobrebi, rusi filosofosebi Camohyvnen. Tbilisis aeroportSi
civi, gviani RamiT qarTveli filosofosebi da axloblebi elodebodnen. maT erTad igloves da erTad
miabares miwas didi adamianis cxedari

`...mdinares ukve gaupia yinulis kubo,

qris martis Tbili da bavSviviT jiuti qari.
me aq vtrialeb amindebis gzajvaredinze,
da mixaria...
magram Turme ukve reks zari...
meubnebian samyarodan: `Sen gelodebiT!~
veTanxmebi da Cems qalaqSi vbrundebi mkvdari...~

merab mamardaSvils guli gauskda.

es im Taobis gadaqanculi guli iyo, romelsac Tundac is CaeTvleba gmirobad, rom aRzevebul
mdabioTa ubir, barbarosul diqtaturaSi inteligentoba da Tundac mxolod amiT kulturis uwyvetoba
SeinarCuna.
(misma energiulma oponentma ki imisganac ver Seikava Tavi, rom swored maSin ar
gamosuliyo televiziiT kulturul problemebze optimisturad sasaubrod, roca m. mamardaSvili mkvdari
esvena Tavis binaSi, megobarTa viwro wreSi da Rrmadmoxucebuli, Svilmkvdari dedis moTqma
gulebs fatravda: `zneobrivi daltonizi~, merab mamardaSvilis mier Semotanili cnebaa).

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 magram Cveni sulierad gapartaxebuli droisa ra unda gagikvirdes, roca saukuneTa wiaRs rom
gavxedavT _ ara erTi devnili, wamebuli moazrovnisa Tu poetis aCrdils gadavawydebiT! ai, ra
mravlismetyvelia berZnul samyaroSi aRzrdili didi qarTveli filosofosis, TviT daviT aRmaSeneblis mier
saqarTveloSi mowveuli da misi mfarvelobis qveS myofi ioane petriwis namdvili godeba, romlis ukan
mTeli tragedia dgas gamorCeuli pirovnebisa:
iqiT berZnebi, aqeT qarTvelebi Tavs mesxmodnen SuriTa da veragobiTo. nacvlad imisa, rom
qarTvelebs eTqvaT: RmerTs es rCeuli kaci CvenTvis gamougzavnia, ukve xanSia Sesuli, modi,
gverdiT davudgeT, miveferoT, tkivilebi da snebani davuamoT, rom vinme Tavisi Semcvleli
aRgvizardoso, _ nacvlad amisa, suli gamimwares orgvari seniT: umecrebiT da TavianTi umecrebis
arcodniT. maTgan rom mcire Sewevna da siyvaruli mqonoda, did, namdvil RvTismetyvelebas
Sevqmnidi. ar damacales, rom mearistotelurao~. ar daacales! Tan vis _ TviT daviT aRmaSeneblis
mfarvelobis qveS myof adamians! (sxvaTa Soris, sul qarTuli enis ucodinarobas ukiJinebdnen).
da esec minda gavixseno: CemTvis mTel berZnul samyarosa da civilizacias tragikul refrenad
gasdevs misi demokratiis saWoWmano xasiaTis mamxilebeli, filosofosis bedisweris gamomxatveli
Zaxili _ Zaxili sokratesi Tavissave sasamarTloze: `me gTxovT, nu xmaurobT aTenelebo, Tundac
mogeCvenoT, rom raRac qedmaRlurad vlaparakob!~ `me gTxoveT: nu xmaurobT, aTenelebo!~,
`...darwmunebuli iyaviT, Tu Tqven iseTs, rogoric me var, damsjiT, amiT Tqvens Tavs ufro did zians
moutanT, vidre me... arc melets, arc anites ar SeuZliaT vneba momitanon, radgan me vfiqrob, rom
uaresi vnebas ver moutans ukeTess. ra Tqma unda, SeuZlia misi mokvla, gaZeveba anda Rirsebis
ayra~, `nu xmaurobT aTenelebo, Txovna amisruleT, rac ar unda vTqva, ar ixmauroT, aramed
momismineT~. ar mousmines! da Cveni mitingebisa da yrilobebis Rrianceli raRa gasakviria, sadac
kaci, gansxvavebuli azris gamo lamis moaSTon!
merab mamardaSvilis bediswera _ im sulieri pirovnebis bediswera iyo, niadag Tavisuflebis
bacilas rom avrcelebda da Tavad iyo qceuli Tavisuflebis sakvirvel sivrced diqtaturis katakombebSi.
magram es yvelaferi imaT ician, vinc icnobda mis naazrevsa da pirovnebas... aseTi pirovneba mudam
da yovelTvis devnilia: eg aris, rom arsebobs mdevarTa garegnuli saxesxvaoba da maTi perioduli
monacleoba. amitom msurs es werili davamTavro citatiT r. m. rilkes romanidan, romlis erT-erT
umTavres laitmotivs iseTi martosuli stoikosis, niadag dinebis aRma ganviTarebadi, Semoqmedi
pirovnebis bedi warmoadgens, rogoric gaxldaT merab mamardaSvili.
`...martosuli arasodes daunaxavT, is mxolod sZuldaT, isini kvalSi misdevdnen mudam, rogorc
nadirs mosanadirebels... da Tu man suli ar gaaqelina, ar daiSrita da ase daaRwia Tavi maT mtrobas,
maSin isini mis qmnilebas iTvalwunebdnen: sazizRrobaa, simaxinjeo _ gaiZaxodnen. da Tu is yurs ar
aTxovebda am Rriancels da Tavis saqmes ganagrZobda aumRvreveli, maSin isini daufarav mtrobas
uwevdnen: saxels utexdnen, xmebs uvrcelebdnen, qvebs esrodnen rogorc keTrovans, raTa saswrafod
garideboda iqaurobas. da arc acdunebdaT TavianTi Zveli instinqti, radgan is marTlac mteri iyo maTi

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odiTgan. magram Semdeg, roca is maT Rriancels arad agdebda, gons modiodnen, grZnobdnen, rom
am siZulvil-mtrobiT is ganamtkices Tavissave martoobaSi da daexmarnen, maT samudamod
ganSoreboda~.

gaz. `qarTuli filmi~ #48 (199), 5 dekemberi, 1990 w.

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