INFERNATIONAL Iso
STANDARD 9223
Firat editton
1002.02.15
Corrosion of metals and alloys — Corrosivity of
atmospheres — Classification
Corroston des métaur ef alliages — Corrosivité dos atmospheres —
Classification
Refaranise numbar
Is 9223:199246)
CopmrgMt bythe Intentional Urganization Por Standardization
Sal fu D4 15-58 200 150 9293:1992(E)
Foreword
ISO (tho Intornatlonal Organizaton for Standardvation is a workowiee
federation of national standards bodies (ISO "nomber bodies). Tha work
of prepariag inlernalional Standards is normally carried out through {60
technical committees. Each mamber body inlorested In a subject for
which a technical committee has been established has the right ta be
represented on that committee, Intornatlersl organizallons, gevorn
mental and ron-govammettal, Ii ilzlson wilt (SC, also take part in the
work, ISG collaborates tlosely with the Intemational Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all mallers of clectrotechnicat standardization.
Draft International Standards adopled by lie iechnical committees are
circulated to tho member bodies for voting. Publication as an Inter-
national Standard requires approval by al least 75% of the member
bodies casting a vole.
Intornalional Standard 180 9223 was prepared by Technical Committer
IBOITC 188, Corrosion of metals and alfoys.
Annex A lorms an Integral part of this International Standard. Annex B
ig for information only,
© 130 19%
Ail rlghts reserved, No part of Pris puldlelun trey be repronnied or ullizedin ary fora
fr by any meane, electronic oF mecharleal, eluding sfietacopying arl ty crotiin, wlihout
FParerlanton In ting frarn the publisher
Intemational Organization for Standardization
(Caee Potala S6® CIt1241 Geneve 20» fullzarinel
Fined In Gwitzarland
Copyright bythe Intcnational Grganization Por Standardization
Sal do 04 16-02 200 ISO 9228:1992(6)
Introduction
Motals, alloys and mataille coatings may suffer almeaphatie corrosion
when their Surlarcs are wetted. The nature and rate of the aitack will
depend upcn the properties of surface-formed electrolytes, particularly
vith regard to the level and type of geseotts and particulate pollutants
in the aimosphere and te tha duration of thoir action on the metallic
surface.
Bala on the corrosivity of the atmosphere are essential for the devel-
opment aad specification of optimized corrosion resistance far mantl-
factured product
Thove are two ways of determining the corrasivity estegary of a given
location according to thls International Standard (see figure 0.4)
Tho corrosivity catogorioe ore definod by the corrosien effects on etan-
dard specimens ex shccified in ISO 9226. The corrosivily categories may
be assessed in terms cf the most significant atmospheric factors {ufli-
eneing the corrosion of motals and alloys Le. lime af welnoss and pol
lution level
‘The corrosivity category is a technical characteristic whieh provides a
hasis for the selection of mintorlats and protective measures In almos-
pheric envitonmonts subject to the demands of the specific applleation,
particularly wilh rogard to service Ife
This International Standard doos nol take into consideration the design
and mode of operstion of the product which can influenée Ils corrosion
resistance, since these effects are highly apecife and cannot be gener
allzet
CopmrigMt bythe Intentional Urganization Por Standardization
Sal fo 04 16-05 200 ISO 9223:1892(E)
CLags'Featton af afmaspherte carsoshtty
ve mettods)
080 9223)
sof welness and elton
wvtronmentel elaselticatfen in ferme ot na
lanetfieatien Beeaden corvanfonrate
rmeanrenert ard standard metel epecinans
Conrostvty cotegortes
Ws09270
ulna values
for speciflemetals
tisos2ze)
sf cerrasfonrate tor each cetegory
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609225
Mecsurenent of poltuon
Dstermination ef cerroslon
atoaf standard specinant
‘aso 9726)
Figure 0.1 — Classification of atmospherle corrostvity
Copyright bythe Intcenational Urganization Por Slandardastion
Sal fo 04 16-05 200 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
180 9223:1992(E)
Corrosion of metals and alloys — Corrosivity of atmospheres
— Classification
4 Scope
JA This International Standard specifies the key
factors in the atmospheric corrosion of metals and
alloys. These are the time of wetness (ri, pollution
by sulfur dioxide (80) (P) and sir-horne salinity
(8. Corosivily categores {C), which are defined en
the basis of these three faciors, sre used for the
classification of atmospheres.
1.2 The classification given in this International
Standard can be uscd directly Ia evaluate the
correalvily of almospheres for meta's and alloys
under known coniliticns of time of wetness, pallaticn
by sulfur dioxide (80,) and/or airhorna salinity,
This International Standard does not characteriza
the corrosivity of specific service atmospheres. ¢.4
atmospheres in the chemical or metallurgical in
dustries, The poliuiion and {Ine of weiness cherac-
ferization of these environments cannot be
neneralived
The classitied pollution and corvosivily calarories
eon be directly used for technical and economical
analyses. cf corrosion damage and for a rational
hofce of protection measeres.
Aanox 4 summarizes the technical content of this
Inlernationat Standard In en easily read form,
2 Normative references
The following standards contain provisions which,
through reference in this tex, constilule provisions
of thia Inlerational Standard, At the time ef publl-
cation, the editions indicated wore valid. All stan-
dards’ are subject to ravision, and parties to
agreements based on this Infernational Standard
are cncauraged 10 investigate the possibility of ap
plying the most recent editions of the slandards in-
1) See 180 8044;1209, cubciouse 2.18,
CopmrigMt bythe International Urganization Por Standardization
Sal fo 04 16-05 200
Aicated below, Members of IEC and 180 maintain
registers of currently valid Internatonat Standards,
180 8044-1888, Corroston of metals and alloys - Vow
cabulary,
180 9224:1902, Corrosion of metals and alioys —
Corrosivity of atraspherés — Guiding valties fer te
corresivity categories,
ISO 92281992, Corrosion of metais and alfoys —
Carrnsivity of atmospheres — Measurenient of pole
lution
180 9298:1992, Corrosion of metals and alloys —
Corrasteily of atmospheres — Determination of cor
resion rata of standard spocimeas ior the evaluation
of corrosivity.
3 Definitions
For tha purposes of this tnlemationat Standard, the
{cllowing definitions apply.
34 corrostvity" of the atmosphere: The sbillly of
the almusphore to cause corrosion ina given col
fasion system (e.9. atmospheric corrosion of a given
metal or alloy)
32 time of wetness: The period during which a.
metallic surface is covered by adsorpilve and/or
quid fils of clecttolyte that ave capable of causing
almesphotie cortosion
32,1 calculated time of wetness: The tma of
wetness estimaled from the temperature-humidiy
complex (see 5.2},
3.2.2 experimental tlme of wetness: The time of
wetness indicated diractly by various measuring
systems {s3e 5.3), 1S0 9228:1992(6}
3.3. pollotion catagory: A numbered rank based on
quantitative measurements of specific chemically
aellve substances, corrosive gasos or alinpanded
patticles in the air (both natural and the result of
human activity) thal are different from the normal
components of the air.
34. type of atmosphere: Characterization of the at-
mosphere ot the basis of appropriate classification
eriterla other than corrosivity (Industrial, marine,
etc) or of complementary opcrational factors
(chemical, etc.)
2.8 tampersture-humidity complex: Tha combined
effect of temporaturo and relative humidity on the
corrosivity of the atmosphere,
3.8 category of tocatlon: Conventionally defied
‘ypleat exposure condiors of a component or
structure, e.g. in the open air, under shelter. in a
closed space ete.
Symbols and abbreviations
+ Tima of wetnass
? Pollution category with sulfur compounds
hased on suliar dioxide (80, levels
& Pollution eatepory baeed on aithorne salinity
contamination
© Altpospherle corrosivity category
# — Alr temperature
Ma Hours per year
Fearr COrTOsION Fale for the first year of almespherle
exposure
‘atmaspherle exposure
Tily Steady state corrosion rate detived fiom long
term atmospheric exposure
5 Characterization of the atmoephere In
relation to Its corrosivity
5.1 For the purposes of this Intemational Standard,
the Koy corrosion fectors of the atmosphere for
moials and alloys are time of wetnass, and sulfur
dloxide (80,) and chloride poiluiécn tovels.
4.2 Tho wolling of susfaces is caused by many
faciors, for axample, dew, rainfall, metting snow anti
a high humidity level. The length of time when the
relative humidity is greater than 80% at a lom-
perature (@) greater than 0 °C is used to esimate
Copmralt bythe Intcnstional Urganization Por Slandardastion
Sal fo 04 16-05 200
Averape corroston rate for the firs! 10 years oF
the cafculated time of watness (1) of corroding sur-
faces (see note 1)
3.3 Tho exparimontal tine of wetness can be de-
termined directly by various moasuring systems
{see note 2)
5.4 Tho most important (actor within a particular
category of time of wetness la the poltulon level
caused by sulphur dioxide or alrborne salinity.
5.5. The pollution lovet shall be measured in 3c
pordance with the specifications of ISO 9225
5.6. Other kinds of pollution can alsa exert an effect
[oxides of nitrogen, (NO,) and Industrial dust ir
populated and Industrial Zonea]] or the specific op-
eratlonal and. technological pollution of mlcroctl-
mates [chloride. (Cl). hyyrogen sultida, (H,S)
organics acids and de-leeing agents), These types of
pollution have not been used as classification ctl-
teria
According to this International Standard, Ihe olher
Kinds of pollution should be considered as a
companying ones [for example: oxides of nitrogen
(NQ,) in urban atmospheres] or specific operalionat
ones (Tor evample: vapours of acids Ip operattonal
microclimates}.
Notes
1. The time of wetness calculated by this method does
not necessarily correspond with the actual time of a:
posure ta watnass, kocause wetness Ig Influenced by. the
type of metal, the shape, mass and orientation of the ob-
inet. the quantity of corrasion pratkiet, the nnlure of
potlutanls on the surface and other Factars. Thesa con-
siderations may morease or decrease tha actual time of
walness. Howover, this criterion ts usually auffofentty ac-
urate far the characterlzatlon of atmospheres. The rel.
ovance of the time of watness dacrezsos with the degree
ft shetteriog.
2. Tha Indicated time may depend ypon the wpe of “tr
Strument and the sensor user. The tlmos of weiness ind
ented ky various ayclama are not slreelly cemparasle and
ara convertibie only within a limited extent of tempera
ture-humicity characteristics,
@ Classification of flme of wetness
6.1 The time of wetness (according to 5.2 and 53
depends upan te macroclimetic zone and the cat-
egoty of the loration.
@.2 The classification of Hime of wetness for at-
iospliares is piven in table 4. The olassified values
are tased on tho long term characteristics of
‘macroclimatic zongs for typleal condllians of the fo-
cation categories. 150 9223:1992(2)
6.3 The calculated times of wetness and selected For times of wetness. 7,, almost no conden-
climatoiogical characteristics of the mactoclimatic —_ sation #8 expected, For r,, the probability of liquld
zones of the Earth are shown inannex Bae genoral forming on the metallle autface is low. Thnss
08 + | \a i Bie ris 2 sis|swe]sly| + [aise] roe [ucla] cor faejs| 1 | commence 4 eo>%e>or Fie elt . r e t se 5 Pe >DL fd ee > aL eis|ree|s)r| c friv| coelejis] + folio z e. 4 Opa "3 ase Te 7 | g} ale 2) gg) ef se} gale] stg) alee i a nf aE aL BSP a] & ! al 2} S Ba 4) a) os} €) a] Spal apape al ale neal wal «| 2) ¢ (qu) oa nt tale 28 28 g| 8 18 gE g & seesuopadeg | Kusbaney woneauacung s : | z tetes|telis te[te ts] [| te Sts] os 5s | es] 's | Fos) eppoin ayn fe ysbomeed esp e [(e,u):5u] ayes porsedan apuoH 2 vp AMUN aueeure ls i a E Leginmeoas | 29 5 | Sos yor +3 a : soon fy 2) > ocr 55 Ee spas | spaispawenvmun | sjedist sau One a> OF 23 = papiniann | semana speus paxsuman | cues ul exo ae 13 z vpuuna seu | stesstue pies | stu acu En clmpul sioorne | steocmg | unui siomno |" au"eieapu| Ea Caen) Create) |B seer) Gaon ‘lasses sboreo EE ass<> | ooss>=zoee | oogzz2>0% | oses>e: ae: ee ES 2A 3.040% 02-4114 GWA GnoN Uy road yeromoM Jo Ou eS :1992{E) Iso 9229: Table A.2 — Derlvation of corrosivity of atmospheres for zine “amass ts 0108 &85 (y (escixa 9 enue Wie ul ed pahie9 aes LorSDL40 BIS ABBEIS] #27 OBES gmce1 925 (2 vara 985 it ore 928 — (1/8 pra | RULES oH ON MANbaNE ANTSELID ey Jo USE ERAT eID SE HOSSGIOKS 1 AnnISEH09 — ALON ¢ ¢ s| | ser jp jo a ‘ we Be SOE fa gz = °y > 06 (le z s| cmp |s} | toe ris e ufoo one ose %s oe aor = ! s> Eee orp teat: sel eme|s)r] « ‘ sf orste Woe =) ol ela > wie zie) 1 BB) el ef sf 8 a ne Sj ala SpA) G) Sf als $ og a] ey 6 2) Z| 8 e| & a els (pu) yen Al gis ‘lg 8 g| 2 fen) g & ret uonsedeg | Above - uoqenuraueg tels| sls [ts [5 | a eit |e |e £08) opmele aie Ka yuorrwod verre [je1) ou] ete vorrsadap epuerso Ane ewecey sevear ume 2 spew euerueN wa piace 89 “Tate & buen 5 set Ut secur zemsgo | “eens $3 epoye eooue sptonun | eqnacsy sep tasce | soe Zo oo poisson Sceuie | a: sacs peeron sori fos 13 splunysesmus | saodus, ene arsioopet | UL giouninD 2h feels core: | owseit hee wma | ics) fobs $ s ‘yng Len) 2, 0< #'% 09e fee] « fefSl i | omsenm | o> Uren ' ® t | : + z sur is |e] ewe ls [aol ¢ Boel ems fete ‘ bes eee a > Er Or ie; vi I ® z | sexta 46 oer eh sis|emejs|s| 6 | eel oe Jealous ; = vt 2 i oa ha 8g ae a g gle] elu: gl gi gle] «| gi ef ele tT : Salata es a] el ap 8B) a) a] a e poglal ie el Rea) | 2) SER) Od gor Lele S S gpey 8 ‘lers] [4] 3,3 eh : s & 3 z| = zs] & 8 8 8 & & aye: uayssodag Kase | woneausag ts[ | 5 | | fs] *s | ‘sos | | % tsi ts|ts| is | tits] zs |'s|'s Fos} sppoip aps Ke omnrued eicenety {[(e.u}\0)] ops wooden apu0K9 ve Aes ouegny Sie barn | 2 eet 3 somucn someone Taos 33 spas | spave poteuanun sa semize0 23 attic peri eur are dos 28 8 conan ‘soiou | steed momo | ronan ane duspti secre | Srsmerno | sGeuiswamo | ou-cop (eae Cues) Chaser a ser) sep) | tie) avbate> aasex3 | cose >s>ons2 | oasz>+>one | ose spo ! ws wwese9 : epeauonoateg " e é B E ISO 9223:1999(6) ‘Table 4.4 — Derivation of corrosiuty of atmospheres for aluminum Zea 395 ‘pene was 1eunscek suoudscL Ae Ifuo} Uo.) 99%149p aie! UOISOHIon BIE APA) 4225 98, SOS ‘gerne 60s Peige1 ses OIGoI Ser {DEMIR | iauemes ani apon LioFaes Aynpeounes ayn ye spd pean 2 se RaReE cS 61 Ane tee — SOK ie @| bei ¢ i ye! es sisjem+|e]>|rmelSle! «¢ i+] zor fe 2; 1 | owenase % cess 07 e 1? joie] ! Sez" HOE td Gh > Bh é e| 2] oe to | me a] oi xf also fy & eal aye £ i | ef) Sf ere) % sl sl Sale] & iba os a] [algal lag eal s| |e eo | g g | a gi ammuessodea | auctor | wsmeuenun if. seltsfestes|sits|ts | ts] ssl fos tel ist isls [ts] [sles] Cosienpop rye 9 goatee erent [(6,0)/6u)] oe eonpoden souoera tne ue i : eouees | oes i 32 ayou sag seme | ro come votirmn | comek | cous | pet SStntluc| © Se | ears aeons | Gosee | 3B satiption | REIS | yacecromian | aun sns eit oa 3 cata, | actly | UEGRSE™ SEMEN | awe auep secur | uiswonno | “persona | “ou'snops | ouewre waco eta! fea jee Wace) (es sez) sem ¢h sse) fore ows} tng) puters Set ote he| one etoe | ete | OS : are [end 3, 6-20 % €8- You might also like
