Heart Failure and Pulmonary Edema

Predisposing Factors: Precipitating Factors:

 Age  Sedentary Lifestyle
 Gender  Environment Factors
 Hereditary  Nutritional status/Diet
 Congenital Problem  Activity/stress
 Racial background

There is increased in
systemic vascular s/sx:
resistance  Increase BP

Increases Cardiac Afterload

Increased Left ventricular

Contractions

Hypertrophy

Nursing Dx: s/sx:

Increase oxygen
 Activity intolerance
requirements
Hypoxia of Cardiac Tissue
 Difficulty of breathing
 Body malaise
 Unable to perform ADL
 Increase RR
 Decrease Left Ventricular
Contraction force

Increased End Diastolic

Nursing Dx: Volume
 Activity intolerance s/sx:
 Impaired gas exchange  X-ray result pulmonary
 Decreased cardiac Blood Regurgitate in lungs edema
output  Body malaise
 With productive cough
s/sx: PULMONARY EDEMA  Presence of phlegm
 Dyspnea  Dyspnea
 Hypertension
 Fatigue
Orthopnea Increase Pulmonary
Vascular resistance
Nursing Dx:
Needs for Oxygenation s/sx:
 Impaired gas
exchange  Tiredness
Blood back up to right  Dyspnea
side of the heart  Lack of
Increased CO2
appetite and
nausea
Increased Right Ventricular  Chest pain
s/sx: Decreased pH
Preload
 Weakness
 Confusion
 Flushed skin Respiratory Acidosis
 Headache HEART FAILURE

Respiratory Failure