Table of Contents

Page

Section 1 Introduction

1.1 Purpose of This Volume 3

1.2 Effluent Discharge Standards and Requirements 4
1.3 Who Should Use This Volume 4
1.4 Related Reference Material 5

Section 2 General Guidelines

2.1 Initial Consultation 9

2.2 Where a Public Sewer is Available 9
2.3 Where No Public Sewer is Available 9
2.4 Homestead Developments 10
2.4.1 Single Development up to 30 Units or 150 PE 10
in Total
2.4.2 Single Development Over 30 Units in Total 10
With Average Housing Density Greater Than
Five Units per Hectare
2.4.3 Single Development Over 30 Units in Total 10
with Average Housing Density Less Than
Five Units per Hectare
2.4.4 Individual Development Outside Local 11
Authority Areas

Section 3 Design Guide

3.1 General 15
3.2 Planning 16
3.2.1 Site Selection 16
3.2.2 Maintenance Vehicle Access 17
3.2.3 Safety Requirements 18
3.2.4 Desludging Works 18
3.2.5 Location of Septic Tank within Premise 18
of Property
3.2.6 Inspection Chamber 19
3.2.7 Septic Tank Drawings 19
3.2.8 Future Connection to Public Sewers from Proposed/ 20
Existing Septic Tank
 3.3 Design
3.3.1 Volumetric Capacity 21
3.3.2 Compartmentalization 22
3.3.3 Inlet and Outlet 23
3.3.4 Effluent Discharge 24
3.3.5 Head Room 24
3.3.6 Covers 25
3.3.7 Construction 25
3.3.8 Principal Dimensions for Cast In-Situ Septic Tank 26
3.3.9 Principal Dimensions for Prefabricated Septic Tank 26

3.4 Non-proprietary Systems 27

3.5 Proprietary Systems 27

3.5.1 Tank Material 28
3.5.2 Tank Fabrication and Construction 29
3.5.3 Inspection Chamber and Septic Tank Covers 29
3.5.4 Ventilation, Inlet and Outlet Pipes 29
3.5.5 Filter Chamber and Filter Media 30
3.5.6 Marking/Labelling 30
3.5.7 Base of Septic Tank 31
3.5.8 Installation 31
3.5.9 Testing of Septic Tanks 32

Section 4 Septic Tanks Located in Sensitive Receiving Watercourses

4.1 General 35
4.2 Further Treatment Methods For Achieving Higher Effluent 35
Quality
4.3 Disinfection 36
Appendices

Appendix A Recommended Population Equivalent 39

Appendix B Effluent Discharge Standards to Malaysian Inland Waters 42

Appendix C Typical Layout Using Rear Access 43

(Bungalow and Factory)

Appendix D Typical Layout Using Rear Access 44

(Terrace House, Shop House and Commercial Building)

Appendix E Typical Layout Using Front Access 45

(Terrace House, Shop House and Commercial Building)

Appendix F Layout showing Bypass to Public Sewer 46

(for all applicable developments including Terrace Houses)

Appendix G Details Showing Bypass to Public Sewer 47

Appendix H Typical Concrete Septic Tank Diagram (PE ≤ 12) 48

Appendix I Typical Concrete Septic Tank Diagram (12 < PE ≤ 30) 49

Appendix J Typical of a Proprietary Septic Tank 50

Appendix K Typical Bed System for Soil Absorption 51

Appendix L Typical Mound System for Soil Absorption 52

Appendix M Typical Buried Intermittent Sand Filters for Effluent Polishing 53

Appendix N List of References on Further Treatment Methods 54

Appendix O Typical Layout for Homestead Unit With Septic Tank & 55
Further Treatment Facilities