ECONOMICS PROTECT Detaihed Adidy on the South Asian Association her Regional Coopenation (SAARC) and 4h impact on Du Indian oa. Ka uceoh Somalinge we XT A (CommerceCERTIFICATE This in Lp Comtihy tho” Kaworin Aonadinganr AAbtolt J clos X1 row succes Comprel ed Ane puget on South Arian Auiocianon fox Rygional Cooparasnion (SAARC) Qual us aupoul on Indian economy LW Te reul a Econontes uncdr De furdance Of Mas. T, out cig ts £020 - Lt OP peu hath rd ud. Pett fou ant natan Achool Coen ficote Exanination. Infeunal Erousinon Exteunal Gaminoe Signaution Si nals Signoutne 4 Pastncined .ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ' umutol uke expsrtad Anew thanks & my Economics {Ga chow, Mus. T- Anjana. fer able guidance Qua Auipport wa Compiling TUL pacjedt I unoetel alio ike cxpaens mp quatinudte BD oun puincipal, Maw. M tl an fer Potting ar Opp wba Ly Ba emtoouk on Lhur projet wubdcr helpid ome Lown Alot 4, nou drag . host bur not fre Leoat, ‘woo. 6 ™ and who bout 0 ee neta ABuuce ¢ Aupporl aul UN anal Naw: Kaversh Cowalingouy Claas: K}-A (Lommerce)HOW PO HE Z INDEX Content Fage No. History and Inbeduection ty SAARC 4 Objecunes 4, SAARC a Economic Objeertued 3-4 Economie policies intvocuuced by SaARe SI SAPTA t& SAFTA 6 FDI & Intva-Saare Woe 4-9 Immpaur A SAARC on Dut Indion 10-1 econom India's tap trading portren 4 ABAS 1) Bovglodrah i) Nepat Wi) Sri Loawko Cort” afpaias § SAARC samo 46 Oppusine Moweut £ Woy Forward 14 rr SAARC Post Conia -19 oppur tunities 8 Chad.suagps paced by Sanne 19 _ Cn wuaion Ro Bildio graphy ralSAARC South Asian Association for Regional CooperationHistory Ano IntRopocTION Te thea of wxplowal coopeualion. in outh-ddia was four par forsoneal aA Moy 1980, The foreign. Fecuttanies of din Aevenr founding counties, WH Wee — Bayslocliel Brultow, mdia., Modolines,Nepat Pakidtan oul Sui harkor met ton so fmt ine Cotombo i April 1494. Tht commitue of Lhe Whole, with mat sn Qlombo in dupuor 1981, dducufied fim ducal Auras fr sp onod Coopruation . Mey On2RS g Coopruation wene actolel ur Lhe Tete ousoa cooperation tincude: *tHuman Resource Deve lopment aud Touxnam, + Apuiotite aul Runol Rewelopmeut + Knwironment, Nolusmal doosteur aud io techn top . + Keonomic , Txade and finance, » Socal iad. . Info um alton aud Pousti AUtation . Frege , Taanaport, Acienre awol Technology. “Eduction , Secs 44 Qn Curblioe ,Ostectines OF SAARC % promot se wit os sre guopss of Leute dua. Aud AD imp Hout aim quai ty of ify To accetaual economut gual, Joulal pron u0ae Oud cuttusiod dunctopmet in De sgion. p “O TO paromelt aud Abueugthen cobtotine aulf-nebance Omang Te Couurturisy 4 Aowr Aria. To promelt active collaboration aud mulial Bbrotance sn Me evonome, souial cubGrual , Heennical avd scientific prelds- To AL than COopmation among Ene amum due Counrturity cn yufeunational fosuuna on mation 4 bommun “urea. TO at tun to; On wen oh To coopusol wT wrernatonal augl est 0 7 ju Ln Liat Lou uns avd. aes. phyIW Me ls A DISCONNECTED REGION ‘TRADING WITHIN SOUTH ASIA COSTS MORE THAN TRADING OUTSIDE THE REGION — EVEN THOUSANDS OF NILES AWAY. 0 IT'S 20% CHEAPER FOR INDIA OT TRADE WITH BRAZIL THAN WITH ITS NEIGHBOR PAKISTAN. ‘IRCUITOUS ROUTES TO MARKETS | CONGESTED BORDER CROSSINGS WHY? ascauare 1eibe AGREEMENTS | LACK OF TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTUREEconoMic OssEC TIVE The maine economit Ageusa. SAARC in i Abrengtian Awd enone sit sa - ional coopmuation in AN Ore uta df tmodl, Linawee andl Mmveatomwul 40 0s 1 earahlidn on tr euatid Aouth Asian economy. Ouse frat fore, mem but Court wuts 4 AAARC hous Peraud to pour g tuade Lihwalisanen by eubOning UW autor ag aten end I onde st promot Luadt aud economic Cooperation uabthin SAARC nagion , kanuils Ceiaposur cutis) have hun pequeeaivey eon on prroduds sade ae Ln mambue COU Lud, The ultima objeetiue 4 SARK Lo 2 mower formend aud Musouols yur Guede among tie member ANGLO.SAARC how also taken another decaiue, Alip “moutig forwaud Lo tO sugional tuods &xpauaion awk economic Coopenation, Dut South Avion Paynotil Toadkng Aciaugemon CSAPTA) foteouring Le Lisccens 4 Guropian. burton EU), Nowth dmuuean Fur Tuade [tee CNAFTA) aud fai faut T. ren AFTA) | SAARC mum iwus suatiad taar usage Libeuisason aoe tepion Coop euation Quw0ng Lt mui eae NO ony Abaengthon Wa economic dud financial Ard Wa optivad unirisotin ¢ mabinal aud. human Lurcuses but QUO erhanees 7 pastical MabiLY Oud orial ud cubtusiat Coppenation bL@en membur nations. With O com bind population rasa 2 bition, SAARC how os pot : 2 bemused ay reatkes Aippifoud toadig blot, JotLowsed. by EU,NAETA and ASEAN.ee women SEQUINS FOP menmrsmmennnnmanannnnnaenin South Asian Preferential Trade Agreement SAFTA women SEAMS FOP nm South Asian Free Trade Area S Abbreviations.comECONOMIc PoLici€s INTRODUCED By SAARC SAPTA uahicn Come tute opmanion Jin 1995 hewall O Neus Chapin o economic co-opmation amo Ut SAARC commtsies. IT concrotcans St fissar atep APusauiols cxation a Luodt kine wn tne Louth Avion ton. Undru Gu SAPTA mechantine, One SAARC Cowutieito 5 brgisa with, owt subi pled BRE items for ex an keuit{ con coaaions ote tm 10% D s00%, India has apuued td © Cod if concessions on 106 itdins, ushile Baugladiah hag agused Lh ope touiff, concetons 12 cliny , Matolives om IT, Nepas 14, Pasia kom 35, Qui Muka 31 Aud Bruton 1 Out o Du 106 itn prod a pe Lun concerions 6.2 itis bso utd fox the Laat douwlopd usvurtiu'e dn Ihe SAARC. Foun sL0 unos 4 oagotiatipns west de ede SAPTA .SAPTA wood enuisaped poonon tye pour Ale fowouds oh Anuouaition 1 co. Sour Arion Punt Tuade Auta (SAFTA) bracing 7 doar quently Bywauds a Cratomo Waion , Acore of . axion by SAPTA wos dupeuodsd si meplnaal Pe an SNR, SAETA. Pucodlictl “op an obo quonsany eet Losi puspuaames vaagtSAPTA To Saeta The South Audu Fue Tuade Ato. (SAE TA) 9 eco meel Come ub force {ror Tidy 1 2006. The eoution SAPTA ostaby Abad tn 1995 hod Paved Gu win 15 SATA. The South Ao Curoloped couureuts que mull encod uth Adobo aud qaliual epee. Fuchu wth Mu opuuess ng mad AT Lud Ai atid. oud epaudon Of Labour, wirensine export, dncreret helping Sedu poussly , te auupion 4o guesaing eunational tad ulatond. Tt fuspo of OAETA is Di encourage audl CLL commbn contact among One “couat ue such a omedium aol dong contend. Cont noel sinuoluing toads opurotid ky, date , upp awd snfout! auuiance wn Sty pal utc clus. It cnuolue on Bo aon Lika nobionol divin cConcesaton avd non ~ toni ff CONLELLON .FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT And TntRA - SaaRc TRADE Thewt hos bron i nifiowl siccuroat dn FDI Au Int SAARC upton courtesy yu secur "The ADARL Lula SAARC Trade (export aud sip out) ticcsstaced. fem US $5-2 Ri wion dollaus JD Abour us $100 Or Luen. Fosuign Dowel fret” CFI) ale he SAARC OW tnureood US POG Rituion wn £000 US $50 Wi Wen un A015. FDI Guowth rooms & be ing US momontium . Ad economut growth in Inoia Don Aouued down, Rowen, concen haut cuaut aout dhowt - ADM porsapeda ua FOL sufdous Lb Aout Aaia, De Noutd Inueatonnut Repel” scuy. The global economic Artaation hos Coroted fuses Uncelaindee , Whellu coumbu'en in Tt uoplon can ousccome tok aud inep now puncture wad olywrd Lo a Jonge enti on, gourmet 't eue Sr Open Lup Lh Cconomioy avid demureThe United Nations Conpusence on Tuade auol Development CuNcTAd) hor Aard thot Ineua's Coonomy Could prone tre moit cuw'bient ia Aouth asian auol 20 motel will continue D actual moter seeking dnvoctonents JD Le COumEs Cun as iC expecta a duamalie dn Globat a Aimed” snucatment CFD!) . Howeurn, 2, Alueink. Ahouply. As UNCTAD, Inca 7’ B ninth dpot im £019 praia fumpaed. “P On tht Lak A Gobel Lap Fb! ARCpLELIS. fom Mo etftn Spot i 4A Old, Aut @ wu covid-i94 CHiaia glokal FO! Hows aut pout cat @ noardive by up Aor. sn 2020, prom Aha £014 value f 1-54 prittion doltows btu a FDI beteur 1 fiuiLtion dottans Dnt fiver Dine Aince 2006. FDI Lo projetred BD drorcagy O 5-10% tn LOR) Qua a wtto 7 Likely tn LO8R Auiol a Aight nectar BLULOOK. .FDI floats Cn Inalta out 1B 0n yew ion FILO mH uuord a $4947 biLtiOn compoureel ts $44.36 bittvon um £OI8- 19 In 2014 FDI flows a oe suugion declined 5%, ALA bi Lulon Aotlaus, drepite Gowe Aourn Cour duia Crina Anal Inala. FDI India hoy ber On Long. Lr guowth Puan . Fesitive eunr trop. a a Inuertmeuts in Inotin Que expected AD clecbine Ar L028 yar Lhe - MNE'e A due oy tu pat | Dn Powuoluuic. Bur it in @ wed LS tome bau us hormal Amu by Roda,cog 6 amily ip romwwos fe doeuy emg A a sh Flat ELAS Thad HAA DLAd S041 BOAd f0kd SOAS ac —_ ——— dread Isr] suORIM Ary PS yr saydune compe eg n poy eypuy SUOUEU UV VS Jato lyin ape serpyqmpact OF SAARC ON THE TNDIAN ECONOMY ndia's exports Lo SAARC uml sles wacrioard peer US $ 3-9 @idtion wn 2002-2003 1 oun US f 19 bittion sie 2016-17. dmongtt OM SAARC mombors, Sud houka , Nepal glodealr accounted for 84% o India's Lolo Cxportd to SAARC augion gu LO16-I7. The gd LPko ompdee tn India aud Avonl- Up India sonuarded buy Noda, Moole Gougsen mou au2e exproted wry bau a Ll of ranufpn ners JB tnolia. The bona Ni ono Ruroual Cuapoutgn. wile Rolo am creating O fawounibee eruironment™ fox 25 UN lenpbe DB caldlotah wolualnue - pul nud a moadeal” fase us ppeuarion SKARC comustries Gn bo Buin bupgoet bulb amos” Gude» houdex Duoole aud trun teed wa fou Livonid along vai & LOInctia's duup oslo Sha SAARC Lon. howe twesenard fron US$O6 Qittion 4m 2608-08 US fb-63 men wr 2006 ~ U7, ie, 4-9 tamu tnoucaao . Crnony Lit SAARC membeun , Sui Louea, Nepal Cursol Rowgtedate Actouutod 667. 5 Inclia's dup 0 from SAARC dugion in LO(6-17 . * Sut haat, Nepal cual Couple deal, dus Det uaduig postin both Lu Ampal aud Epos , Accounting fox R27 Inolia's Txoide Calupout” + export) six’ tole - 17 watt Du PAARL MBO. 41VIMY HAMS UENM FPO, spoMPU| iT noo] 24 Oracy HNuyoy | BL HOOTY HES bE WI HLBOK%9) LIbI9ST LI beGLI) G3‘0c0G1, Tpor | | a Yo'sBIbY ISCO oo°GeovE bI‘bscie LEaIbes 18°9LbbI PAL IMAL SP RHESe boar HI'eTEbT. Bl'Hb93l T0'RbOR cyrcogit — YY] | UW bee 99 ROLE H'aiByY TO'slor GB-aabs Bote S194) | { | bi-siog) 8l-hoy) Lj -910% eee SI-¥10% | p1-cioy AMO J | | | | | vormiw Isa YY amv,mal Tuacling, patisn trour tol tote diode boliveen India ond Anawc Lowmlies bad (omar lintly dincuaaecl pipm 2013-14 fo doe-K Gd Ah OUEN We Jt Toate Indian's Lads Comedy bawel Lo [pom South Guid io extenalue, uth vouutows commodi res both exposed aul Z ue ‘a! i ar 2018-19 eee Cuaopomto-tion mot aud machuinasey 0, minoual duo og acoubtirnal prods . ae jour exports un ebuoll cate, Ha, Sugar, Cuimay rast, uigerabus, past Qual consalr Total expos fuom India te sugion, tant West UF $5 9340, 82 miluen on L08-!9, Ca incuengl Wr “PTH dt you bfeue ft Genet) oul Teen d India's wld coco d 5 / Inbia't ngposuli conaia Lid f qguieuliimal prtdudd, textes aud engi i parodies — up), boals auol poatrng dbuictunt), Mo ouch Muli on Lung. aut yminouad fuse, dren aud ceo! ci od oe Aawe OMe oppor ups indus Po suatavd pusods cdo pl wets pee. India's SOL 5 wseue cor US$4, 363.02. Me IO i Seda. prem Ue yon eagore weUpaybnogy UTM POY ¥ OTPUY EU TPO| > T i t t \ ' bIILIS. OL'gtpk Ch'ail9 bL*LOeG aloesg 29° t39P TPO, GF 19201 bb‘bbtb bling ¥O°9TLI VE KROL 1815999 PL T'bleh FF'H193 lloys9 wh veag Le'IS+) 849919 sodx9 GO'G4O] G9°S39 89 ioL wSISPL Leieg PE P&pr - 3% g1-Gid@| Gl-v10%| F#I-ciag WO A | vor asa wr mn bl-3l0e — Sl-Lia®, Lt -910%_ Tnpia's Top TRADING PARTNERS [SAARC] + 4 BANGLADESH Bug dada. wor |ndials Lo goat todd , ao AntBh fuodt Hr 618-19, as tee phe 2. Theo pr ae dong dt Don AUREL irae expoute vy thou sr uwared 26-31% sn dOIt- IB aud 6:96 % aM AO1R-19 aud India's dnp orls tcl nding ey LAV tr ROIT- 18 aud Tr dnounatng extenaiuely by Salat in LOIB-19. Inaua's anports LA Tt AQwe covistad fuima ly tertiles enpinening priodutl awd ‘minal up, Toral supols by Indlio. pure wonth US$ 1044.90 miduon — am Jnor0eace 52+ 38% usm oe bapore ond maps 0-203 4 India's fics tuperd . Total expouli Inoea 25 vad worth us$ F210,06 mirllon wr ADIR-19 — or wrcreane hy 6-927, Jiu e ened eter 13qden WIM wOAXT YoOrEU) b0-097L Lge LID 4b 8009 I)-L9TB E-1GOL. tL 88g O9-€9LL 9b- 1199 bS ESHs 1G¢.€0g BF-8EF I'S bi- 3107 gi-nnoe,_p1- 910% Wit VG - be ele QL 40b¢ 6S OLY N-Giae seers q@ AOL Duroc, serait Lé +7908 on 89 “BIG GT TAI Lan i tese 0¢- PSE ayrodyg Ib*bED Eb*bkS moda GL rior, +1 Seay. Oh UONTIN ASA WY vamp,&. NEPAL The Coda Lradk betineen Inca ana Nepal hag tncreaard exten? fom AOI6-11 4p LOIR-19 OH Aheuwnr LA Tabte 3. Tio dni is fougtly dut BD an ineroaoe wn Moia's erpaset Nepal —2lr6 7. sn 018-18 auol M-AO/. in LOAF. INGA’ ciuposls durwenetd gy 1527. Ur LOM - 18 Qual Au oneaacc by 14.9607, dn lOrk-14 Inolia's expand t Nepal wn LO8- 14 Honugety conaisfid dy mineual Justo, civen aud ALL veriols mucha tarp, bustle auol plaatic crite . Tod expos usr Nepal pcm fnolia wwe wort US4 7766. 20-midon tn 4018-14, an Jtnovonan q 14-47 F, iV sions fares merge Inolia's vinapouli un Lae Acie a a pepo fot aut tay, Apices, U 4 Qual LKERO The 1 Uae Leper le Nepal by Inia ume worth US$ 608-14 Muon — an sincueaas by 10-42") ioral a bf peat 0-098 7. § Incuia't 14AOL OS GEM MPT LOMO «ge pop). Logue eaEF Sb-OlKe MbuLssy Se-Levg tigger 2 : : r p93] FE 189 bo bveG GE GIS) HS-¢G09 b3bSHL | 8¥: larg ie 9S 30Lb Fy-9Loe GI-Elbg Geog th-t0L9 GEFEsp yodaD €§-CLol L9-TLL 06-409 bL-THL Livgge £b-999 bi-gioy gi-nor H-919P -9)-gilae si v1) bI-ciay wp Gory USA ¥Y OpaSSR LANKA Tucadts prdeuno nual Iyol 1 tol Drode botiveen Inca auol Sub hauka ag inv. eaaea ex tena poem AOM- 18 L018 -19, an Anouwn, 4n Table A” Thio Adapt to dut 5 aw Morena a India's expo 0 Last hawker, bey 4-407 tin LOIT- 18 Quol 6-187. ain tk - 19, urnite Inala's wmposld ncweeraod 21-17. we LOM- 18 ud 10-41, aw 2018 - 19, Indua's expats a Sut homo, win LOR-19 Aovag ely conainted Orpen gotidls,minutile ead pisattca. The tote exports fuem Inolia uae Lusrth US fa, to. a! mitbon tu LOI8-(F-an incense *y SRL "fo a ‘ ing 4a Oe ‘£ va ee eg & India's up aut connala Prisons ty 4 food Out chee , wegen, AUnipd, bocus, cole Liaw aud Carrol + Tosol impor la by Inia wen worth 8 US$ 1.4% 40 mi Mien — aun ACEO Gat 64}. Joa” awa tp eanute YY eee naa" Xd aL Aiuperle | ‘t 15VIDEO CONFERENCE OF SAARC LEADERS on comearinc COVID-19 = ae t Silda)CORRENT AFFAIRS OF Sanec — £020 * On Tule 25 2026 fu Ree ou CAeucled 400 mnt Luby USD g cum lus th Sui howko. The cunuen Awap Pr a Loi, shu Neuse £080. “The cuuuen duro rey We extinded widiu tu onad Cosscenuy Ausop Frurowework. . Paiute Miniafin Nowwdlua Modi tad India. of a Confuene d att SAARC nations on Mouth, y JD chotk oul Q joint dtuati 2 fig URL coronquesus. d i The Indian oro L Lio ata Atpanodi Aion I bee clepato yeck 4 i Law fat gold on auk Mehowatou LF Ae Leal eouutuies boost copa biti. ties AT aol wai, Judaing Caw oF COPOMQU LLM. * India. also i haduio Unto QUA Quiol OL Ireclicines 15 hepa, Saute awd Boughdeal, | rag compptilg depaad om Ida fo 16OPPuRTUNE Moment AND WAY Forward For SAaRc South. Auta con howe Saewevolowgs % QU Ue evono iw ‘on how a. quent tap at on Wa gatas Coy, The tpicoutin 4, pokal economy da Jrasualy Ahifti + Lhwards As coal wlth Gu Cuatupence’ G China duudl Inolta ag te eur erondmues. Economic uate ra.- ten uuthin Soutn Auda sugion poauuey quot SRP 5 China's sUcluioir coun the tt a porrble Tro” Cina appiced. for obseuuey AOL wn Lt SAARC du LD treo peteutial . The cha e feu is bodeus §. SAARC mom bow south aon makeuialdo. Uu end mmous petoutial fer tre bettermeul- tne prople 4 Bu ton. Aouth Avia io tue ‘i ene the iat ec ion 2 the wort utr se ulna ~ sasgi oval Brod, Thut by a posing nud, fou a spuds Ld Aart alone § Ln South pria Fue Tuoctt Aguseneal” (SAFTA). ply,st Lockpown Ano Covin Opportunities for SAARC + Intua- Regionat 4 Uppy Choa: Quutiuies arrow DS word coal, mabeMoLUall Shel + Qusu-ueliauce On global duppiy chati aud Look dutsua - eploually.. Peal scepionol aud ub .egi¢nal CHOU Would “help achieue economics of Sale paeen ee ae. Crating Laks brliveew leur cost prrodicen, couutwuts or prouinces, The ut eo. - sagioval Cuppy chou courol wut be Heat boul” ama Envuilnwwoble 5 ae diauuptten Cound ky Aen tosued a4 Bre pouchwuit or secure OULW OWBide Cis ron. Gy iy 40, Ore Sour Avian Labug- oak Saad tout onreat $67 biuion, Lustead Q DM cum” $25 wisuion . : Stub-segionad SrARC: BA POX Lk grassy model, Mepoual sok io Lure proporionnl 15 TL aotaue beliveen two (Nees or Comes. Ts urns Ge idee bomind tine South Avian Aub- ionnl Ktonomic Compruration of Inolia. Banpladich, Nebat avd Oruau. thane. 6 mol. fut beter tiaction din maa's Jouthuw Atalis Khon UA the Jaren’ north aud the wert. In eonraaat, Pasaitan's Loot mute Bauglodiale Nepal, ava Mnutan, cwal India's tuooll with - \ Alar Omal Latur Lrtian Aarau UBuld wAuee More Lieu toler 0 oud ine Auuation Lusugh thoi a Borel with eau 0 : 48CHALLENGES Facey By Saarc If oe preutously muntiond ofpuuiiniti do net malent abige, Crug vac Comat Lie AD chatiwges AT adducar. Tut aut hin uleal prraiotiul pumdlle i ees tal Gy aacion., on Lop B whith come am taat. Yebngl it 4a snot fuat okeul Inia — PoRotOn; Daud in teas Blimey etiun South Poditical Con plice WL ere auotren: Aluwe4t cussuy Dent sig Has a wT Another comtuy ox al Aw od tea ai fo i bry, Cthuiidy, aud Ansin 2 kip uuth oubide powers. Toil aud Non - Tossiff bowers: Arrordiug LD % ROG World Bok Report, Mow g nu 4 Adin countuiy tuode with Su oulatde Yor Sd on “patter Lituu' hour with One motu haut more usport prod.cvoniol bowen, nutri Toe jon Dror witout. Neofetri how Au place 4 Luise omore uporl bout fpr Aoutn Avia hou for an sol” df the Word, HAtowobed bon 6 tus mere hede bowie auitun - 149CONCLUSION by Autcess completing sui jet | coun ‘onclucle Mine SAARC war waa With a posite apc 4} Autping amd supporting Tht waluidivetoped mations. sa toad ead a help Ge cual cluuttop conor Eogetbamn 4 Acting Oth ptr without doaatgn powens Howe tous old map : 7 ut LS be an Cony ay gine These rast mtn g RMON taut faced by Sonne oud ous $5 wit ER bao truer au t cach ote “a Pre tong Conftivls Ating Aoms 4 Shim. Mowing B ns eur on Indian Conon | SHARC hor hod a powtive awpaue on iu euonomy., Bute ia compan wa Ley trom Le Youutewea oubiole cabec. Mains Jcnoh: Atalio 40 Muth more hitter usth lout Cube SAARC. This I beluive in due J tu might MUThin Dat OMARC Couutuin | At toot ie cou be wudbuntdod by al tae fiidings Hear SAARC hoo A huge postal’ 1 be ont § ¢ oe ‘ep ional Aryodation an ue wertd, bt On one Longlition , webich ia burbeument aU 1u2lodidv).. 20BIBLIOGRAPHY + mea. gov. in . Curseatalied 0 «ood «in * WUW. adh. org, * Ceonomi tid aciabimes com unctad org Wwwu, Sad. eu . towwd.fPeS.org * www, Aictia . om org