A chemical hazard is a danger of chemicals derived from start in liquid, solid or gas at work

Health risks arise from exposure to various chemicals. Many chemicals that have toxic properties can
enter the bloodstream and cause damage to the body's systems and other organs that can enter the
body through three main ways, namely:

1. Inhalation (inhalation): By breathing through the mouth or nose, toxic substances can enter the lungs.
An adult at rest breathes about five liters of air per minute containing dust, smoke, gas or steam. Some
substances, such as fiber, can directly injure the lungs. Others are absorbed into the bloodstream and
flow to other parts of the body.

2. Digestion (swallowing): Chemicals can enter the body if you eat contaminated food, eat with
contaminated hands or eat in a contaminated environment. Substances in the air can also be swallowed
when inhaled, because it is mixed with mucus from the mouth, nose or throat.

3. Absorption into skin or invasive contact: some of which are substances that pass through the skin and
enter blood vessels, usually through the hands and face

SOP

The following are tips that can help supplement chemicals in the laboratory, complete a chemical health
plan, and support worker safety.

Use General SOP

Every chemical has potential hazards that need to be properly fixed to ensure worker safety.. Therefore
there is a need for SOP that discuss the use of proper protective equipment, safe handling and use of
chemicals, and correct storage of fuel, flip charts, signs, or other devices that can be used to help
workers from chemical hazards certain

Air flow

Air quality can quickly become disrupted in the laboratory, making ventilation an important factor in
minimizing exposure. When determining whether a local exhaust system is adequate, a good rule of
thumb is that the system must be capable of at least 8 to 10 air changeouts per hour when space is
occupied.

Housekeeping

1. keeping the floor clean and dry will help prevent workers from slipping and falling. Stocking absorbent
mat and wiper pads at hazardous spill locations helps employees clean up chemical spills quickly, so the
chance of slip-and-fall incidents is reduced and exposure can provide the right container for cleaning
material also helps to minimize exposure.
2.Cleaning work surfaces throughout the day keeps workspaces tidy, reducing the chance of reactions
and spills due to overcrowded desk space. Likewise, save excess chemicals in special spaces so workers
will have enough space to do their jobs properly.

3.Waste disposal procedures must also be established, with waste discharged from the laboratory to a
central storage area on a regular basis. Workers must be taught not to pour liquids into drains or use
face masks to get rid of volatile chemicals.

Warehouse Safety

An organized warehouse will support K3 workers more efficiently. Placing one person in charge from the
warehouse can help to facilitate the right organization and storage area. This person can also help to
ensure that the right level of inventory has been stored and expired chemicals have been properly
disposed of.

The person must also set a plan for new chemicals. Before chemicals enter the laboratory, there must
be a mechanism related to the plan for handling, storage and disposal.

Tool

Using broken glass can be as dangerous as using the wrong chemicals. Due to the potential for cracks
and chemical spills. Checking glassware and equipment before each use must be part of the SOP.
Workers must also know how to properly handle, and dispose of any damaged equipment so that it is
not reused or put back into service until it has been repaired.

Spill Response

Sometimes even experienced technicians can spill chemicals, so it's important to know how to properly
handle spilled chemicals. spill response plans must discuss spill prevention strategies, containment
procedures, proper ventilation, when to evacuate, how to get medical care, and reporting requirements.
Having a spill kit available in each laboratory will help workers to be trained to control spills faster,
further helping to minimize exposure.

Safety Equipment Container

signs and labels will strengthen safety and serve as reminders of special handling, use, and disposal
procedures. This is equally important for the maintenance and care of eye washers, fire extinguishers,
and first aid kits so workers exposed to chemicals can quickly access these devices in an emergency to
reduce the effects of chemical exposure.
Training

Training is needed for all workers before their work in the laboratory, but education should not stop
there. Annual presentations may not be enough to strengthen security; training must be a routine
activity that addresses various aspects of avoiding exposure.

Workers must know:

1. location of the chemical health plan

2.MSDS location

3.how personal protective equipment is chosen, the location of placement, how to use each part
correctly, and how to determine when it needs to be replaced

4. hazards presented by each chemical and procedure in the laboratory how to handle chemicals
properly to avoid exposure

5.how to label containers properly proper laboratory hygiene and behavior, such as never eating,
drinking, or chewing gum in a laboratory; limit loose hair and clothing; and avoiding rough and practical
jokes

6.how to use the "buddy system" to avoid working alone

7. how to evaluate procedures or so workers only take the amount of chemicals needed

8. how to deal with waste.