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‘AWS D17-10D17 1M¢2017-AMD2 L—. Ay a o fake ‘Base Metal Max Root Groowe Weld ‘Thickness [T } ‘Opening [R} Root Face [f] Angle [a] A een Taine farmnir (aegrees) cme | 0290-1000 251 seame7a | comors “35 | om paws | 00-1 000%6-28 xomon7a | cawrory 9E007F [op 7 t 710" GMAW | “ | +0,030 [0.76] = FAW 0.250-1000| soo 07 rca a2 era | eoeoriss “pero29 | sie * Aoplies io complete joint penetration groove welds only Roo! fae height for partial joint penetration groove welds ls governed by joint. sfengh requirements ° Backegouging to sound metal required before welding second side © Non-keyhola mode ony, Applicable fo ferrous, heat resistant, ane magnesium aloys. * Applicable to aluminum and ttanium alleys Figure A.1(f}—Double-Bevel-Groove Weld Joints AWS D17.17017.1M-2017-AMO2 Wad] Gavehvea Themes] Mar Root Opera Tetra ih Goon Process: {in (ren) {in fren) Gin men? Angie [a] caw | canton wan | Non-keyhole mode only. « Backgousing to sound metal roquired before welding second side. «Applicable fo erous, heat resistant alloy, and magnesium ays. * Appiicabe to Aluminum and THanum aloys, Figure A.1(g}—Double-V-Groove Weld Joints AWS 017 1D17.1M:2017-AMDZ A ‘Base Metal ‘Max Root | Groove vies | thmess tt | Openna ru Root Fe stat recews_| "tet | omeopaa | weoiora | oomora “2R2C78 | a I | oamrean 2O00 7S | cue | RGR [wes | comma -28007% | ay <1 | oman 20007, | eon s 1 ~o000'079 | gq HO Fiona caw [ -escopan | soaorara | orem “OBOE, | ar 7 | ozeorean OROETS, "Applies fo complete jint penetration groove welds only Root face height fer paral joint penetration oroove welds fs governed by joint strength requrements. ' Backgougig to sound meta required before welding cond sid. « Non-Keyhle mode only. Figure A.1(i)—Double-U-Groove Weld Joints 60 AWS D17.1/D17.1M:2017-AMD2 i mii lala ‘[ “TT Legend T= Thickness of thinner member R= Root opening < 0.010 in [0.25 mm] for T < 0,100 in [2.5 mm, < 0,030 in (0.78 mm] or T= 0.100 in (2.5 mm] Min. = 12°F oF 0.015 in 0.38 ml, whichever is greater Max = 21/27 or 0187 in 8.7 mm] whichever is lass Figure A.2—Two- and Three-Piece T-Weld Joints—Melt Through Welds Thekress (7 ‘Bend Radius [| nge Height Hi] In fevn Max (in rm (isi) 0016-0092 (9408) 041.0) 0080.12 (20-30 0.033—0.062 (08115) (0.06 15} 010-016 254.) 0.0680 100 (151=28) mr [orm eis 1 jure A.3 (a)—Flanged Joints 6 ‘AWS 017.4/017.1M12017-AMO2 a= ‘Base Metal Thickness [7] end Rada =] Sra I ac Meta en are) ‘men toon) ‘Commerialy Pure mail 40.005 013] mercatyPve | oo2-0040105—101 | oovriaimm | 72521 | oo oonopoai—1sa, ee = ~9005(0331 senmons_[oaeeosnsia | ona 772005103. | ogo 050081229] Not oma | costtsine | 12851 | oaoowioe1—a2m Figure A.3(b}—Flanged Edge Joints (Nonstandard) AWS D17.11D17.1M:2017-AMD2 ce fe s—a| = Skew angle Emin = 0.7077 x factor” Notes: 1. For comer or lap joints where ful throat thickness is required: $ min 2 For filet weld size factor see Tab At ‘min. where T equals thickness of thinner member. Figure A.4—Fillet Weld Details ‘AWS 017.11017.1M2017-AMD2 Table A.1 Equivalent Fillet Weld Leg Size | for Skewed T-Joints Dihedral Angle ‘Comparable Fillet Weld vw Size for Same Strength O71 076 ost 086 991 0.96 00 103 Los La 116 1s 138 131 ‘AWS 017.1017. 1M:2017-AMD2 Annex B (Normative) Bend Testing Criteria This annex is part ofthis standard and includes mandatory elements for use with this standard, BL. Scope. This annex covers the bend testing of groove and fillet welds. It provides the requirements for bend test specimen prepa ration, test parameters, testing procedures, bend radius requirements, and acceptance criteria, This annex shall be used ‘when bend testing isthe method to accept welder/operator qualification, B2. Criteria for Bend Testing. Bend testing may be used as an altemate to radiographic examination ifthe following conditions are met: (1) ‘The members of the test weld differ in thickness by less than 10 % of the thicker member, 2) For tube welds, the outside diameter is equal to or more than 2 in (50 mm] in or the wall thickness is equal to or more than 0.230 in (6.35 mm}. ()_Allloy is not included in Table B.1. Alloys listed in Table B. shall be metallographic or radiographic examined in lieu of bend testing. B3. Bend Testing. Bend testing is required forall fillet welds witha base metal thickness of more than 0,063 in (1.6 mm], except that metal- lographic examination maybe used as an altemate to bend testing. The bend radius requirements are in Tables B.2 and BOM. Bend testing of groove welds may be used as an altemate to radiographic examination as described in B.2. The bend test requirements for groove welds in tubes are in Table B.3 B4. Acceptance Criteria. 1 Groove ws we weld bend specimens having ects exceeding (or 1/8 in (3.2 mml, whichever is the lesser, on the convex surface are not acceptable, 2 Fillet w ‘weld bend specimens that os the root of the joint are not acceptable, Figure S.11 A illustrates the acceptable condition prior to bending and shall anply on the bend specimen, AWS D17.1/017.1€:2017-aMO2 Table B.1 Base Metals for Which Bend Testing is Not Applicable ‘Base Metal Group Unified Number I ‘Common Description tA Ko1122 SNi-sCo ste! ‘Carbon and Alloy Stels K91283 K91313 Kolar K92810 1SNi maraging steel B Treatable Alloy Stel au TA S63198 ‘Stainless Steels 363199 R015S 30590 41300 1B udenable Stainless Stel au 1B Prosipitation Hardening Nickel and al Nickel Base Alloys W "A03560 ‘Aluminum Atloss 92014 92219 Me ies all vi R54620 Titanium Alloys 36210 56260 Ti-6AL-28n-42e-6Mo 36520 ‘T6AL-6V-2Sn 38640 Ti-3AP8V-6Cr-4Mo-42r NA Tip ALL28n-222-2C-2Mo NA Ti15V-3Cr-3Mo-380 vit I Ss ‘AW D17./017.1M:2017-AMD2 Table B.2 Bend Specimen Thickness and Bend Radius (in) Bend Specimen Thickness? Unified Number (UNS) RENO T | Rsasio | Rs0400 | assoss Bend | 856320 | A96061 30580 495086 Radius, A 6100 ‘496063 52400 0250 A9S456 Otter int Foie Fas Fe3 0.070 ] 0.031 0.035 0.079 | 0.0350.039 0.0390.044 0.029003 | 0.0840.050 0.0330.037 | 0.0300.056 00370082 | 0.086 0.062 | 0.031033 | 0.0420.087 | 0.0620.070 | 00350039 | 00870052 | 0.070.078 0.0310.035_| 0.039004 | 0.0520.059_| 0.078 0.088 | 00350080 | 0.040.089 | 0.0590.066 | 0.080.099 | 0.010 0.08 | 90490085 | o.0660074 | 0.0990.111 | o.o4s0.0s0 | 00850062 | oo7s0083 | oti oz | ooar003s | 00800086 | 06007 | ooa30093 | aizs0.t40 0.03500.039_|_0.0560.063_|_ao70078_| _o.0s3o.108 | 0.1400.157 | 0.039008 | o08s0070 | o07s 008% | o1080.117 | 0.1870.176, | 90290033 | oos0.09 | o.o700079 | o.osso0% | 0.117031 | 01760197 0.0330037 | 0.490.055 | 0.070088 | ovo. | o1310.137 | 01970221 | 90370081 | o9sso062 | oasgao | ottiot2s | o.147ot6s | 02210288 o.osi046 | o.o620070 | ovo | 01240139 | o16so.is6 | 02480279 0460052 | 00700078 | atr0i25 | 01390136 | 01860208 | 02790312 0.520088 | oo7so0ss | 0.250140 | o1s60.175 | 02080234 | 03120351 0.0580.066 | 00880098 | 0.1300187 | 01750197 | o2340262 | 03510393 0.065007 | o.o9g0.110 | 0.1870.177 | o.ls70221 | 02620294 oo7s0083 | otto0i2s | o7ratss | 02210288 | 02980330 0080093 [01240139 | o980222 | 02480278 | 03300370 0.930.103 | 01390136 | 0222024 | 02780312 | o3700416 o4ogo.1i7 | 01860175 | 92490280 | 03120350 o.70131 | 0.780196 | 02800314 | 03800392 ousrais7 | 01960220 | 03140382 O47 016s | 02200247 | 03820395 o6so.iss | 02470277 o.ss0207 | 02770311 02070233 | 93110349 | | |_ 02330261 | 03490392 02610293 | ] | 02930329 | 0329 0369 | 0.369 0.814 | L “The body ofthe abe comin the bend specimen thickness) i inches. The olerance on bend radi Ais "0,01 imo #1". hover the lege

she ens r r Teeand TB | ote 1 155 AllObers fe | sbe o3s0__| ovo a como | (Nowe | Ss ons | eas | aed | Alotes | Soe o30_| evo | wed | Tt 496061 and 96063 of Base Metal Group 1V, "The maximum Fs the thickness esting From desing ofthe curve surface plane. The minim, i 9 times the maxima, "The maximum Ty the thcknes resulting fom dressing the curved surface to plane, of 000 in whichever the leet In the fie ca, the minimum T, i 09 times the maximum nthe second cae the minimum T 0.380 in "For wal thiknesses of 0.750 to 1.30 in, W sequal tT Fr wall hickneses of 150 in specimens may be cu ito approximately equal sis beeen 0.75 and 1.50 in wide for testing othe spacers maybe ent a al 3th cy AWS D17.1/017.1M-2017-aMO2 Table B.3M Bend Specimens for Groove Welds in Tube (mm) | Tbe Bend Test Specimen aan es Dinenstoas am Base Metal | Type Shown Diameter | Thickness, | Ress Mst | Type Show Ww mm nm Min [Max [Mins [Maw al All Radiographic Examination Required <6 all Radiographic Examination Reuired Tasos | Nowa | ToemdTer ] 29 ry 1 e ailotnes | TeeandTBt | web | oed | 19. | Te-eandtee | 29 3a BL | | votes, son soe 29 3a 1 <9519 TBemd TB | Woe | Woea | 19 mE Alloters or shes 89 10 1 1 Noes) SBa 29 3a T T All Others Soy a9 i0a 1 t zea al Radiogrphie Examination Required canes | Neca | Temi Ter | 29 3 38 3a - * All Others | TB-e and TB-f (Note b) (Note b) 38.1 39.4 | | teemdTer | 29 34 ser | 39a | Note» a | | >a sbe 29 aa | ot 29519 | TiemiTBi | Woe | Woea | 38] 3a | alloters or | sb a9 102 t 1 se | Woen SB-s 29 3a] Now OT AL Others she se | oa | Woe t 7 A906 an A663 of Bae Mal Grow V ‘Toe mdm stb lans ning hom digo te caved ufo pee. Te mine Tse mac The maximum se thcinss ling fom desing curved race ox pao 10s mm cheers thst ne est case. he inti Ts 09 ns the mia na sced ea te man 7 685m + Forwall hae f>195 10381 am W ise Feral cine of 78 mm, specimens my be in pprocimatyeq sips ‘twee forgo pesines ny eben fl i 70 AWS 017.1/017-1M:2017-AMD2 l | i —s 3 “2 i : i 2 eo Denar vem ee 4 A : er Hi * ) oe ae ene atone cee moran ree eencaes f | H fe tT TY z Li (©) SIDE BEND Figure B.1—Bend Specimens in Groove Welded Tube oe en HE bes 7 Ty T . NOTES: - Longitusinal comers of all specimens shall be rounded (oa rats not to excaed 10 percent of the finished — tress Dashed nes nso ‘machined sutaces, Where the members of the test wel ater in wall ticeness, {he finished dimensions ofthe ‘end speemen shal e based on ‘he thickness ofthe tiekee a member SIDE SEND (0) BEND SPECIMEN SECTION DETAILS Figure B.1 (Continued) —Bend Specimens in Groove Welded Tube AWS D17.11D17.1M:2017-AMO2 Annex C (Informative) Informative References This annex is not par of this standard but is included for informational purposes onl. Welding Society Standards QW IM, Specification or Shielded Metal Acc Wein Ww SM, ion for Low Are Weng WS AS.9/A5, fication for Bare Stank 2 al 273) Wilding Consumabies-W 2 Hiding OF Atumdoum |AS.12 (ISO 684 s Tungsten-Allov Electrodes for Arc and Cutings AWS AS.L4/AS.L4M, Spec , Nicke-AUlow Bare Welding Elect Ws iM, (1S0 24034:2010 Mi and Tanlum-Allov Welding Elect Rods: “AWSAS.20/05.2 Fl n IWS A5.29/A5,29M, Spectica Ww dc Weidin Ws ion for Consumable In WS AS.32M/AS.32. 2 s and Gas Mixtures for Fu AWS B4.0M, Standard Methods for Mechanical Testing of Welds, Metric Only, AWS C7.IMICT7.1, Recommended Practices for Electron Beam Welding. AWS C72, Recommended Practices for Laser Beam Welding. Curing, and Allied Processes, AWS C7.3, Process Specification for Electron Beam Welding aw: AWS DILU/DILIM, Structural Helding Code — Stee! AWS D1.2/D1.2M, Structural Heiding Code — Aluminum AWS DI.3/DI3M, Structural Welding Code — Sheet Stel AWS DI.SM/DI.4, Structural Welding Code — Reinforcing Bar AWS DILS/DLSM, Bridge Welding Code AWS DI.6/DI.6M, Structural Meiding Code — Stainiess Steel AWS D3.6M, Specification for Underwater Welding AWS D3.2, Standard for Welded Steel — Elevated Tanks. Standplpes. and Reservoirs for Water Storage, (American Waterworks Association (AWWA) Standard D100 AWS D9.IMIDB.L, See Metal Helaing Code AWS DILL/DIGIM, India and Ml Crane and Other Material Handling Equipment Spocicanon fr lang AWS DI4.3/D14.3M, Specification for Welding Earthmoving, Construction. and Agriculraral Equipment AWS DI44/D14.4M, Specification for Welded Joints in Machinery and Equipment AWS DI4.S/D14.5M. Specification for Welding of Presses and Press Components AWS DI4.6/D14.6M, Rovaring Elemenes for Equipment. Specification for Welding AWS DI4.7/D14.7M, Recommended Practice for Surfacing and Reconditioning of Industrial Mil Rolls AWS DI4.8M (ISO/TR 17844:2004 IDT), Standard Methods for the Avoidance of Cold Cracks AWS DIS.1/DIS.IM, Railroad Hiding Specification for Cars and Locomotives ‘AWS D17.1/D17.1M-2017-AMD2 2.412. u 1m Alloy BB-H-1168, Helium, Technicak MILeA-18455, Argon, Technical dation (CGA) document “GA G-1.1, Commodiy Specification for Ace CGA G13, Commodi Specification for Ovvgen, CGA 6-5, Commodi Specification for Hudrogen, (CGA G-6.2, Commodity Specification for Carbon Dioxide, A CGAG-10.1, Commodi Specification for Niroger and CGAG-1LL, Commodity Specification for Argon. ‘Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) documents; ‘SAEAMS 2680, Electron Beam Welding for Fatigue Critical Applications. SAE AMS 4191, AJuminum Allow. Wbiding Wire 6.3Cu — 0.30Mn ~ 0 18Z+ — 0.157) - 0.10 (2319) 9 cially Pure Envi Contrall v i zs SAE AMS 4956, Dianium Allov Wolding Wire 6Al 4V, Extra Low Interstitial Environmens Controlled Packagit esistant, Weldis 5Cr = 25,5Ni ~ 1.3Mo- 220 ~ =0.30V AE AMS 5 x = 1. 2Mo ~ 2 IT; = 0.0048 — 0.30V Vacuum Ie Melted. Environment led Ps 2 x 5Cr= LIN = 2. li Melted {AE AMS $824, Steel, Corrosion Resistant. Welding Wire, 17Cr~= 7.1Ni- 1LOAI 21 qi Wire L5Cr= 5.1 — 5 2, x SSN — 19Cr = 3.0Mo — - f= 0.504) - 18F Consumable Elac act M SAE AMS 5837, Nickel Alloy. Corrosion and Heat Resistant. Wblding Wire, 62N1 — 21.5Cr - 9.0Mo = 3.7CbINb) SAE AMS 5786, Nickel Alloy. Corrosion and Heat Resistant, Welding Wire 62 5Ni- 5 0Cr ~ 24,5Mp - 5 5F2 4 Se ‘AW D17.11017.1M:2017-AMO2 Annex D (Informative) Cross Referenced UNS numbers to [proprietary tradenames], ASTM, and AISI Designations This annex is not part of this standerd but is included for informational purposes only. Annex D (Informative) Material UNS numbers cross-referenced to common name, material grace or alloy type () or to proprietary trade name[] Grow (Cable 54) _ Materials in Treaiable Alley Steels + UNS G81300 (4130), 4 ), G1400 4140), G43400 (4340), G86300 (8630), K22925 (DAC), K44220 less Steals Austenitic Stainless Steels ‘+ UNS N08330 (330), $20100 (201), $20200 (202), $21900 ( 820400 (304) “UNS $30300 (308), $30800 (309), 8 34800 (348) “UNS $65198 (19-9DL), S63198 (19-9DX) 1-6-9), $30100 (301), $30200 (302), $30300 (303), 31000 (310), $31600 (316), $31700 (317), $32100 (321), $34700 (347), Feritc Stainless Stel: ‘+ UNS 40500 (405), $40600 (409), $42900 (429), $42000 430), $43400 (434), $43600 (436), $43035 (439), 44100 (441) “UNS $4200 (442), $2460 (446) ‘Matensitc Stainless Stel: + UNS $4300 (403), $1600 (410), $4400 (414), 841600 (416), $42000 (420), $42200 (422), $43100 431), ‘4002 («40A) = UNS $42003 (40), $4004 (400) Precipitation Harderable Sainles Siels + UNS 835000 (AM-350) a “UNS $35 500 (AM-385), $45000 (Custora@b4S0}, $45500 [Custom455], $66236 (A-286) iia Wickel and Nieeel Base Alloys +s UNS N02200 (Nickel 290), NO2201 (Wiekel 201), NOs400 [Monel® 400], NO6OO? [Hastelloy®X], NOGOO7 [Fasilley®6] INSNO6485 [Hastellay® C4], NO66O0 [Inconel 600], NO6E2S [Inconel 625], NO697S [Hastelloy® G2] + UNS No¥020 (Carpemtsh 20C3}, NO320 [Haynes® 20 Mod j, NOS800[Incoloy® 8C0), NO8BIO[Incoloy® 800H] 1N10C0! (Hasteloy® B], N1OD02 (Hestlloy’® C), N10003 [Hastelloy® N] ql iis PHD, $15700 (PH)S-7Mo), S17400 (17-4PH), 817700 (17-7PED, ‘AWS D17.11017.1M42017-aM02 imp Precipitation Hardening Nekel and Nickel Base Alloys: “= UNS NO5500 (Morel X500), NO680 | (Inconchb 601], NO7O041 [Rene 41, NO77L [Inconei®> 71], NO77S0 [inconels? X70] + UNS N09706 [InconeH 706}, N0890} {Inealoy® 901] Treatable Aluminum Alloys SUNS A91O60 (196th, A9T100 (1100), 493003 (3903), A9Z0C4 (3004), A95082 (505: (086) UNS A9SIS4 (51 Heat Trestable Alurinum Alloys: += UNS 03550 (335), A03560 (356), 103570 (357), A92014 (2914), A97219 (2219), A96051 (6061), A96053 (6063) Magnesitin Alloy 2), AOSO8® (5083), 495086 ), A9S254 (5254), ABSASE (5454), ABSA (5856), 498652 (3652) UNS MIO100 (AM 1004), MI 311 (AZ31), MI1610 (AZSLA), ML800 (AZSOA), MI1910 (A291), M11920 (azs2A) “UNS MI2330 (EZ53/\), M1210 (HM2LA), MI3310 (HK31.A), M1332 (HMB 1A), M13520 (HZ32), M1414] (Lataia) uw vir ‘SUNS R54520 (Ti-SAL-2.58r), R54620 (T!-6AI-28n-4Z1-2Mo, RS4810 (Ti-8AL-1Mo-1V), R56210 (Ti-SAA 2Cb-1Te-IMo) “+ UNS 55260 (Ti-6Al-2n-42+- 60), 56320 (Ti-3AL-2,5V), RS6400 (Tl-SAL-AV), R56520 (Ti-€AI-6V'~ “UNS 53640 (Ti-3AI-BV-6Cr-4Mo-41Zr) Cobalt Base Alloys UNS R30006 [Stelite® 6], 301065 [Stellte® 6), R30021[St-tiew 21), 230023 [Siete + UNS R30027 [SteliteB 27], R30039 [Stelite® 30}, R30031 [Stellite® 31] SUNS R39188 [Haynes 188], R30605)CaspentesP L-605), 3086 [5-816] 16 AWS D17 1/O17-1M:2017-AMD2 Annex E (Informative) Requesting an Official Interpretation on. an AWS Standard ‘This.2nnex. is not part of this standard, but js included for informational pumases only. tion ‘The following prosedures ee hereto assist tard users in submiting succesful requests for official internetations to athe. gsnsral aublic submitted 1, for. commnittes members thet co not follow these the sender manswered. AWS reserves the right 0 desline answering spesific-resuests. if AWS. reason to the individual why t declined, tations ‘The activities of AWS tec mical com mittee regandinginterrststisns are limited strc 4o the interprstation of provisions comunittees. Neither AWS staff ror de committees_are in a position to.o%fer interpretive or ‘consulting services on (L) specific enginecring problems, (2) requirements of stancards applied to fabrications outside the scope of the document, or G) points no. sprsifcally eovere| by the si such sass, the inquirer should seek ssistanee froma competcr engipcec experience in the parialar field of nest, re for all Reques ‘ESL Submission, All requests shall be sent to the Managing. Di stor of AWS Standards Development Division, For efficient handling. itis prefer that all cequests should Ibe submits electronically through stangards@ews.rg, Altematively, requests muy he mailed 0: Managing Director Standards Development 8669 NW 36 St. #130 Miami, EL 33166 E32 Contact Information, All inuiries s inguiter. E3.3 Scope, Fach inquiry shall address one single provision of | contain the name, address, email, phone nunber, and employer of the ‘more interrelated pro ‘The provision(s) shall be identi 2 of the request along with the edition of the standard (¢.g., D1.1:2005) hat eontsins the provision(s) the ouire. is addressing, i All ussts shall be stated in the form of « question that can be answered ‘ves’ or ‘no’, The request shall ii xs et ugh to enable the committes to understand the point of the issue in question. When the points not clearly defined. the request rumed for clerfication. Sketches should e used whenever appropriate and all paragraphs, figures, and tables (or annexes) that bar on te issue in question shall be cited, AWS D17 ¥/017-1M2017-4M02 ‘ERS Proposed Auswer(s). Tie inguiter shall provide proposed answer(s) to tet own question(s). E36 Background, Accitional information.on, the sopic_may_be provided but is not necessary. The question(s) and ‘proposes! answer(s) above shall staad on their cv without the need for additional background information. E4,_ AWS Policy on Interpretations ‘The American Welding Society (AWS) Board of Ditectors has adopted a policy whereby all official interpretations of ‘AWS standards are hence in ¢ formal manner. Linder this policy. all official inceepretations are approved by the techni- ‘cal commaittee shat is cespansible fo the stander, Communication concerning an official interpretation is directed through the AWS staff member who works with that technical committee. The policy requires thal all requests for an official interpretation he submited in writing. Such requests will be handled as expeditiously as possible. but due to the proce: ‘dures that must be followed, some requests for an official interpretation may cake considerable time to complete, WS Respoi st: ‘Upon anoroval by che committee, the interpretation is an official imerpretation ofthe Society, and AWS shall transmitthe response to the ingvirer, oublish it inthe HeMing Journe/, and post it on the AWS website E6. Telephone Inquiries ‘Telephone inguires 1o AWS Headquarters concsming AWS standards should be limits to euestions ofa general nature or toasters dicectl related tothe use of the standacd. The AWS Board! Policy Manua/ requires that all AWS sta mem= bers respond to a telephone request for an official interpretation of any AWS standgrd with the information that such an interpretation can be obtained. only dough a writen request, Headquarter: staft cannot provide consulting services, However the stafl can refer a caller to any of those consultants whose names a sat AWS Headquarters. 18 ‘AWS 017.11017.14:2017-4MO2 Its the intention of the Cornmictee on Welding in the Aircraft and Aerospace Industries to revise the commentary on regular basis so that commentery on changes to tie specification can be promptly supplied tothe user. In this manner, the commentary will always be current with the edition of the specification for fusion welding Aerospace structures with which itis bound, El. General Requirements ELI Scope ‘This specification provides general welding requicements applicable (0 aerospace welded structures. It replaces MIL- STD-2219, Fusion Welding for Aerospace Applications, and MIL-STD=1595, Qualification of Aircraft Missile and “Aerospace Fusion Welders, and is intended o complement any specification forthe design and construction of aerospace ‘and aircraf structures. When using this specifietion, customers and the Faginecring Authority should recegmize that not all provisions may be applicable or suitable to their pacticular structure Because of the diversity of the mission and systems criteria for aerospace structures, the specification committee allows, modification of the provisions when deemed necessary by the Engineering Authority and when supported ty engineering data, All modifieation of specification prov'sions should be clearly referenced in te contractual agreement between the customer and the Engineering Authority Evs.1. Ellght Hardware. tn the United States, nonmiltary light structures, including engines, use fo: commercial and gencal aviation ar subject tothe recuirerents set forth inthe Code of Fedral Regulations (CFR), Tile 14, The parts ofthe CFR most cirecly applicable to D1”. |D17.1M sre Pans 23, 25,27, 29, 33, ane 43 E112 Nonflight Hardware. Contract requirements in the aerospace industry may not distinguish between welding mended for Might hardware (evgines, structures, and flight systers) and weléing for support functions (nonfight stems, tooling, round suoport equipment, and related nonconvertcnal‘cilies). For this reason it was necessary to create Clause 9 EL2 Units of Measure. For historical purposes, the units of measure have been standardized on the US. Customary Units, with close equivalents in Intemational System Units. The engineering documentation nits should drive whic ‘measurement units are used during welding snd inspection, ELS Safety, This specification cannot adres all the safety and health regulations that apply-to welding in evers region where welding may occur. Therefore, some seference information is provided for the users to review for a_better Understanding ofthe risks of sing these provesses. But users need to review and gomply with the health and safety ‘regulations that apply.to-the region they are in. Some companies will institut.» health and safety regulations. Ed Classification. Aircraft and aerospace structures are classified according to structural integrity requirements, and welds in these structures commonly are subjectto the same classifications. However, when desien analysis cen demonstrate thatthe weld(s), of a portion of he welds) in the structure is/are not subject to the same structural integrity requirements or loads asthe rest of the structure, these welds ray cary different cessitications (MIL-STD-2219 provided the following nonmandatory clarification for the use of weld classifications A, B, and og stdigent equirements above Joes) Class A: Critical applications. Welds the single f2ilure of which would cause loss of system, joss of major component, loss of control, unintentional reiease of critical stores, o inability @ release armament stores, or endangering personnel. Class B: Semicritical application. Welds where a failure would reduce overail efficiency of the system, preclude the intended function or use of the equipment: but loss of the system or erclangering of personnel would not be experienced. Class C: Noneritical application. Welds where a failure would not affec: the elliciency of the system or endanger personne, In general, much of the weld design data for Class A and Class B welds used in the aircraft and aerospace industry wes derived from statistical analysis of data devived from test welds, and studies of weld defects. The extent ofthe testing may ‘ot be consistent from base metal/filler metal combination to base me‘al/base metal combination or gauge to gauge. Early industry databases generated in the 1950s end [960s established aecepiance standards that were related to workmanship standards and did not reflect the fracture toughness characteristics of the various materialfller metal combinations. 80 ‘AWS D17.1/017.1M:2017-AMD2 It's the intention of the Committee on Welding in the Aircraft and Acrospace Industries to revise the commentary on a regular basis so that commentary on changes to the specification can be promptly supplied to the user. In this manner, the commentary will always be current with the edition of the specification for fusion welding Aerospace structures with which it is bound. El. General Requirements ELI Scope ‘This specification provides general welding cequirements applicable to aerospace welded structures. It replaces MIL- STD-2219, Fusion Welding far Aerospace Apolicaticns, and MIL-STD-1595, Qualification of Airereft Missile and Aerospace Fusion Welders, and is intended to complement any specification forthe design and construction of aerospace and airerafl structures. When using this specificetion, cusiomers and the Engineering Authority shou!d recognize that not all provisions may be applicable or suitable to their panicular structure Because of the diversity of the mission and systems criteria for aerospace structures, the specification committee allows ‘modification ofthe provisions when deemed nevessary by the Engineering Authority and when supported by engineering data, Ali moditication of specification provisions should be clearly referenced in the contractual agreement between the customer and the Engineering Authority ELL. Blight Hardware. In the United Stetes, nonmilitary fight structures, including engines, used for commer and general aviation are subject to the requirements set forth in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Title 14. The parts of the CFR most directly applicable to D17.1/D17.1M are Parts 23, 25, 27, 29, 33, and 43, 1.1.2 Nonflight Hardware, Contract requirements in the aerospace industry may not distinguish between welding intended for flight hardware (engines, structures, and ‘light systems) and welding for support funcrions (nonflight systems, tooling. ground support equipment, and related nonconventional facilities), For this reason it was necessary to create Clause 9 EL2_Units of Measure. For bistorsel purposes, the nts of measure have been standardized on the U.S. Customary Units. with slose. equivalents in Intemational System Units, The enginesring documentation units should drive which ELS Safety, This specification cannot eddres ll the saz: and health regulations tha‘ apply to welding in every region where welding may occur. Therefore, some _cefe formation is provided for the users to revisw for a better understanding of the risks of using these processes, Bul, users need to ceview and comply with the health and safety regulations thet apply_tothe region iy. in, Some. companies will institu'e-moreswringent requirements above lal health and safety regulations. El.d Classification. Aireraft and aerospace structures exe classified according to structural integrity requirements, and welds in these sructures commonly sre subjec:tothe sere classificstions. However, when design analysis can demonstrate thatthe eld(s), o a postion ofthe weld(s) in the structure is/are not subject to the same structural integrity requirements or loads as the est ofthe structure, these welds may carry efferent classifications (MIL-STD-23 19 provided the following nonmandatory clarification forthe ue of weld classifications A,B, and C: Class A: Critical applications. Welds the single failure of which would cause lass of system, less of major component, loss of control, unintentional release of critical stores, or inability to release armament stores, or endangering personnel. Class B: Semicritical spplication Welds where a failure would reduce overail efficiency ofthe system, preclude the Intended function or ase of the equipment; but joss of the system or endangering of personne! would not be experienced. Class C: Noncritical application. Welds where a failure would not affect the efliciency ofthe system ar endanger personnel. In general, much of the weld design data for Class A and Class B welds used in the aircraft and aerospace industry was derived from statistical analysis of data derived from test welds, and studies of weld defeats. The extent ofthe testing may not be consistent from base metab/filler metal combination to base metal/base incial combination or gauge to gauge. Early industry databsses generated in the 1950s and 1960s established acceptance standards that were related to workmanship standarcs and did net reflect the fracture toughness charscteristics ofthe various material/filler metal combinations. AVIS O17 1/017.1M2017-AMD2. Consequently, there may be a degree of conservatism in the application of acceptance standards to welds in certain mate- rials, while in others the standarcs may be :oo liberal. When selesting the appropriate weld classification and the extent of inspeetion, the Engineering Authority should consider not only the strue-ural integrity requirements, but the sbility to inspeet, repair, cr replace during the design life of the structures ‘This specification recognizes that there are other factors that may enter into the selection of weld classifications and ‘consequently uses weld classifications to identify the level for inspection and the acceptance criteria, The reason for this, approach is that two identical welds may be exposed to differen: environments, heve diferent degrees of accessibility for ‘maintenance inspection during its design life, and be subject to different loading conditions (i... static versus dynamic). Iti incumbent on the Engineering Authority to establish the weld classification that is both cost effective and ensures the structural integrity of the welement for any given application. E2. Normative References Government standards orgenizations and industry standards organizations maintain their standards to be in line with eure rent practices, technology and regulatory requirements. Expect that there will be periodic changes to reference standards. Itis important to clearly understand the effective edition of any given reference standard. In the case of undated refer- ences, the contract or purchase order can explicitly define the effective date, whieh then controls the edition. When explicitly defined, it is typically the edition of the reference in effeet atthe date af the contract or purchase order rather than the latest edition in effect atthe time of faarication, {In some situations, the latest edition of 2 standard in effect may be a notice, The text within a supersession notice provides clear direction on the replacement standard to use. Carefully review the text within a cancellation notice to determine whether there is mandatory direction on the required replacement provisions. In the absence of mandatory direction, consult wich the Engineering Authority co determine suitable replecerent provisions. E3. Terms and Definitions ‘The purpose of the Terms end Definitions clause is to define terms that ‘or may have a meaning d fVetent tnan in other fabrication industries. unique to the sireraft and aerospace industry E4, Design of Welded Connections EAL Scope, The ability of a weld to achieve its purpose or mission starts with the design process. Neither fabrication prowess nor inspection detection capability can overcome a poor or inadequate design. The design process, ina lerge part, ‘will set the baseline for fabrication and life costs of the weldment. Weld joint selection and joint location play 8 major role in a weld's manufacturability and inspectability. Joint azeessinility far oth welding and inspection provide a good bis fora sound weld, Ibis important thatthe des sider fabrication esti secboiques nessssanvta produce an acccptable weld. E42 Weldment Design Data. The first step in the design precess should be to ensure that there is adequate data that reflect the performance of tie we'd zone under the anticipated leading conditions. This weld zone includes the weld metal and the adjacent parent metal, or beat-affected zone (HAZ). lof the components of the weld zone, not just the weld ‘metal, make up the we'd jon ‘The weld joint performance and properties are often affected by subsequent processing. Tis processing includes heat treatment, forming, or peening, to name s few. Consideration of weld discontinuities is part of sound design analysis. It is important to remember that fusion welding is an in-situ casting process and weld metal discontinuities often oceur. The presence of absence of weld reinforce-nent, or the use of Weld ands, determines which area of the weld zone drives performance’ the weld, the HAZ, or parent meta. Weld lands are sometimes used where tne join strength, o other prop- ‘erties, are less than the parent metal Shrinkage and the resulting residual stress are normal occurrences in fusion welding, The residual stress present will affect the performance of the weld zone. Under some loading conditions this effect will be deleterious. Steps may be ‘AWS D17-\uD17-1M-2017-AMO2 necessary 10 either reduce the residual stress in the weld zone with a postwelding treatment or to compensate for its effects by modifying the weld joint esign. In the case of shrinkage, prewelding joint details may include added material to allow the weldment to meet postwelding dimensional requirements E43 General Drawing Requirements F43.1 Drawing Information, There should be sufficient unambiguous information concerning the size, extent, type, location, and inspection requirements for the welds on ‘ie engineering drawing to allow the fabricator to produce the welds. The engineering drawing is ofien the sole mechanism by which the Engineering Authority communicates the weldment requirements to the fabricator and the inspactor. There are some cases where the standard symbols of AWS A2.4 do not adequately describe the required weld and inspections, In these cases the Engineering Authority should add enough additional information, often in the form of weld details, to the engineering drawing to provide reasonable assurance thatthe fabricator understands what type of weld to produce and how to inspect it E43.2 Groove Welds. Full penetration groove welds aro the default requirement. Full penetration welds donot have the built-in weld oot discontinuity that is alwys present na partial penetration weld joint. Ths, the internal examination of fll penetration groove weics for dscontiniies is more straightforward than tat for partial penetration groove welds. The effective eres ofa groove weld coupled with the wele metal strength indicates the load-carrying capacity ofthe weld metal. Weld reinforcement is not considered wien calculating th effective area of a groove weld for loading analysis, because einforcernent sof litle benefit to the load-carrying eapacity ofthe weld joint 4.3.3 Fillet Wolds. The typical practice in welding is vo specify the fillet weld size as a minimum with the maximum. size controlled by the governing fabrication secification. However, staing a specific maximum weld size is prudent when mechanical interference may-occur at higher ssserably level. The effective area ofa fillet weld coupled with the ‘strength ofthe weld filler metal in shear determines the strength of the fillet joint. Some filletwweld metals may have shear strength values that differ according to the direction of the applied shear stress. The principal shear stress directions are parallel or perpendicular (longitudinal or transverse) tothe length ofthe fillet weld In this specification the minimum distance from the design joint root to the face of the triangle representative of the fillet weld cross section for the minimum allowable size isthe effective throat. Tie definition here is consistent with that in AWS D1.1/D1.1M but cffers from AWS A3.0M/A3.0. Because fillet welds are triangular in cross section (often a right triangle), increasing the effective throat requires a disproporcionate amount of addtional weld metal. For example, chang ing the fille weld size from 1/8 to 3/16 in 3.2 to 4.8 mam] in a 90-degree equal leg fillet weld with no root gap increases the effective throat by a factor of 1.5 while weld metal volume increases by a factor of 2.25. This modest joint strength boost comes with a proportionally larger potential for distortion. F4.3.4 Essential Information. The eight listed categories provide the minimum drawing information sufficient to address most situations, Its ineurnbent upon the Engineecing Authority to add additional requirements to the engineering, documentation when warranted. The Engineering Authority has met its obligations when all essential information required to successfully perform the weld has len unambiguously documented. F435 Inspection Requiremeats. Itis important to establish both the appropriate inspections and aczeptance criteria for each weld joint or separate regions within the weld joint, based upon the service loading conditions. The weld joint classifications A, B, and C provide generally suitable levels of inspection and acceptance criteria. The Engineering Authority may tailor inspection and acceptance criteria for each weld to best suit the application and the loading conditions. Inspections and acceptance criteria applied generically 19 ¢ weldment may lead to under-inspection of some welds and over-inspection oF athers, Consider the practicality of mating the accepzance criteria chosen. Choosing acceptance cri- teria beyond the capability of the welding process may lead to numerous inspection rejections, increasing costs. Every inspection technique has i's own weld joint access requirements and detection limitations. Designs and/or the inspection process(es) selected may require reevaluation if the accepiance criteria are beyond the detection capability of the inspec- tion process(es). ES. Welding Procedure and Performance Qualification The fundamental porpose ofthe welding pmeedute and pecformance qualification cleuse of this specification isto pro- vide basie requirements epplicable to most stations. When necessary, it allows latitude forthe use of Engineering, Authority's judgment ‘Avis 017.1/017.1M20;7-AMD2 ‘This version of D17.1/D17.1M:2017 has mace significant changes to this section. In previous revisions, the main focus was performance qualification o' 1: personnel with much ef the procedure cuslification lef to the Engineering ‘Authority to specify, Currently, the subeommittee’s intent isto specify the exact requirements for procedure qualitication, which the Engineering Avthority cen use as is or make additions or exceptions to as necessary ESA General. As a ceminder, MIL-STD-1595A and MIL-STD-2219 were used as the basis for this clause. It continues to evolve with each revision ES2 Welding Procecure Data ans Qualification. All welds cequire a writen procedure. The required content wes specified in Table 5.1. As stated in 5.22, °WDSs for Class A and Bseelds shall have a supporting POR”. In other words, procedures for these welds will be qualified with data proving the ability to mest the Tequitements. WPSs for Class C welds do jggested format for WPSs and PORS is in Annex G. DIZUDUAM2017, a5 referenced above. has not waived the need for qualification of Class A and Class B welds. However, the requirement for settings on anual welds snot practical. The welder is unable to view amperage or voltage meter readings, or to accurately estimate travel speed. Aeresaace end Aircraft welder qualification/certfication require- iments often exceed structural welding qualification requirements. Consequently. the committe fas maved heyond the ‘old paradigm of specifying weld settings on manual operations. Other methods have been defined and vsed to capture and ‘maintain the necessary control, One method, when welding with GTAW. is to specify a single tungsten electrode size, ‘electrode tip presaration geometry, end shielding gas soting. Ths results in a more practical and measurable method for controlling the amperage rather than having to specify a specific amperage level. A certified welder is rained to recognize weld puddle benvior. ‘The weld variability can be reduced! by sualfying the qualification variables in 8 viritten weld procedure such as: type of as, AC or DC current, polarity, tungsien geometry, base metal alicy (and ganditian) filler type and diameter, torch size, cup size, leadlag angle, eporopriate fixturing, joint backup gas or other, shielding trailers, gas flow and most important “specifics” for successful welding of the given component, The basic rule is ifthe welder can control a welding variable uring the welding process (Hood Up), such as those listed above, they are to be spacified/qualified on the weld proce- dure specification’ weld schedule anc locked down to specific parameters. Welding variables that cannot be controlled by the welder when welding (Hlood Down) need not be listed on the weld procedure £5.36 E54 Pecforsmance Qualification. [nthissevision, litle hes changed for elder and welding operator performance ‘quilifcaton requirements, The changes ace pcimarily editorial, F6. Fabrication ‘EGA Seope. The fimndamestal purpose of the Fabrication clause of this specification is to provide basic requirements applicable to most sicuations. When necessary, it allows latitude for use of the engineering judgment by the Engineering Authority ‘£62 Welding Consumables. Duc tothe criticality of many aerospace weldments, the ientification, storage, and the use ofall welding ecnsumabies (including wices, ods, inserts, fluxes, gases, ee.) require proper controls. Many fallures have been attributed to using che incoxe lest Ths chenge nov-resogmizes various sas ofthe world were English may aot be the primary Janguage of the communication, ‘E7.2_Visual Weld Laspestion, Cleuse 7.2 in this revision his she requirement to inspect all welds visually the same as at Clase es 1M:2010, All welds shoulé be visually inspected prior to subjecting them to other 9 examination. Visual inspection should be for any surface defect easily discernible and acceptable or rejectable using cea par ‘and scales) as specified in Table 7.1 by the visual weld inspector (2.2, Jack of penetration, ‘rack, weld reinforeement, lle weld sizes, discoloration, and a3) other within Table 7.1) Thissause.howeves oes not explicitly requics the visual inspection of inaccessible oot surfaces. Its important for Enginesring to cecounize when the root side of the weld may not be accessible for ection. and, ifnseessary, specify swpnlemuetsl inspections such as borescony or radiography 9 vec fy the coot side quality ‘Requirements for inspection using penetcants ile td cadgzapis amination mead ace he same as those in AWS D17.1/D17.1M.2010, Reauisements for inspec ‘WSDIZVDIZ.IN(2010. 67.2.1 tough G26 mous uae: guidance on he use cic paar NDE mithod and assoriated csquirements in Table 7. F234 Penetrant Testing (PTD. All welds in nonferromagnetic materials (eg, aluminum, titanium, austenitic steels. copper) are required. this specification to be psnetrant testes This inspestion method only. detects flaws open to the surface and not to the subsurface, All defects detected by penetrant technique are required to be ‘valuatesland asseplec or rejcte on the basis of requiement Table 7.1 Class A or B welds in ferromagnetic materials (e.g. carbon end alloy stecls, martensitic and duplex stainless steels, and ‘most PH stainless steels)are not requiced to he subiected to penta testing unlesss9 required.on the engineering dravw= Jngoctythe Engnastiag Aittont Whe /hesgineringeau8sinapetion af etemaeet atl i pea, ‘testing, all defects detected by penetcant technique are required to be evaluated end accepted or reiek basis of requirement in Table 7 1 ‘Similacto visual weld inspection, oenetrsnt testing of inaccessible weld oot side surice is not explicitly required unless ‘he squicement is specified by the Enginssting Authority, In Leu of inspecting such inaccessible surfaces by penetrant ‘esting method, use any other method deemed appropriate by tae Engineering Authority, [ts important to get this waiver ‘oc approval when particular root surface is considered inacs: fabricator prior to inspection initiation. [for any reason, weld surfiges are ground, penetrant specifications requite those surfaces to be prepencteant etched prior to-subjesting the surface 'o penetvent testing methods, However, is immortan.to keep in min. tht etching solutions, when trapped and remained or dries up (especially. on root side of weld) without complete removal, can result in initiation ‘and propagation of carosion nits and sess corrosion cracking. ti important forthe fabricator to ceach an agreement with the Engineering Auority when to omit such prepensirant siching operations fora particular ‘Type L penetrant removable by any method! and sensitivity level 2 or better is required to be used in penetrant testing. tis important to understand requirements in. NDE. inspestion dosumenls snsctied.on.snginesrin or olbet acospase 85 ‘AWS 017.11017:1M2017-4M02 documents such 2s Departmsntof Defense documents (c.g, NDE Manual TO 33-511). Engineering specified or other documents may prohibit use of pariculac tunes of penetra materials (zg. water washable penetrants) 73.2 Magnetic Particle Testing (MT), All Class A and J welds in ferromagnetic materials (.g. carbon snd alloy steels, martensitic and duplex. stainless steels. and most PH stainless steels) are recuired by this specification to be ‘magnetic particle tested, ‘This inspection method is orin Discontiouities detested by pacicle testing are required to be evaluated and accepted or rejected onthe basis of require: ment in Table 2.1, ‘Similar to visual wel inspection, penetrant examination of inaccessible weld coot side surface is not exoliitly required aunless the requirement is snecified by the Engineering Awharity, E73. Radiographic Testing (RT. AllClss3 welds ace required by this specification to be radiographically tested. ‘This inspection method detects volumetric defects, The Jmitaion ofthis method of examination js the size ofthe defect ingelaion othe shiekness ofthe material being inspectes! All defects detected by dingraphic (esting are wo be evaluated and accepted or cejected on the ass of reauipcment for susurface laws in Table 7.1, whici is he reason that surface ‘examination techniques ar: perfonmned by methods other than radiographic-examnination. ‘Ensure shat ariten procedure shel. includes a cechnius datasheet is developed based on the pat geometry as specified ASTM E1742 and used during inspection of vie part ‘Class Bard Class C welds are not requited to be radiogcaphicaly tested unless specifically required by engineering, ‘When eaginesting docs not requite radiographic testing of Class Band Class C welds, neither subsurfacs-(volume ‘between face and root surface) flaw/defest criteria spesifiee in Table 7.1 apply. i or array (DDA), 0° sometimes refered to as dig should be used when so-approved as an altemats to ASTM £1742 or a3 rested by the Engincsring Authority. 7.34 Ultcasonie Testing (71). Ultrasonic esting may be used as an altemate co radiographic testing. tis performed ‘only when specifies on drawing, contrac o by the Engineering Authority, The default spevification for ultrasonic testing is ASTM El6s ‘Since the ultrasoniéexsmination technique is in lieu of or sltemate to radiographic-examination, it should be used to detect defects [ying below the surface. All facts detected by ulitasonie technique are required to be evalu: ated anc accepted or seized on to basis. of requirement for subsurface laws in Table 7. (Class B and Class C welds ate aot required to he ultrasonically tested, similar 1o radiographic testing, unless specifically equited by engineering When enginesring docs no} cequire ultrasonic testing. of Class B ancl Class C welds, neither subsurface (volume between face and root surface) flaw defect criteria specitied in Table 7.1 apply E73.5 Proof Testing (PRD, Froof testing i pssfrmied shen spesified en deawing or contract or when required by Engineering Authority. In sis cases, «pono! test should not commence un all required specimen configurations. test methods and procedures, and acceoiance criteria ae received from the Engineering Authority ra ae Requirement of Table 7.), Table 7.1 has besn revises shat inspectors have one single losation for agceptance exiteria, ‘Subsurave requirements in Table.7.sre-only applicable when radiographic (sce requicement in 7.3.3) or ultrasonic examination (se. cespicoment in 73, sen specified. ly used to detect dete F8. Repair of Existing Structures BBA Scope. The purpose behind the clause on cepa welding is to establish a consistent systems approach for in-service ‘weld repairs to aviation flight hardware. This will include all primary and secondary structures end component repairs. This systems approach will follow the general format ofthe main and subclases of D17.1/D17.1M for application of welding repair. In general, there are weld reais to in-service components permed every day at repair tations or other FAAcapproved facilities and this glause ofthe welging specification may or may not apply to those repairs. The decision 36 ‘AWS 017.4/017 1n2017-AMD2 to apply this clause resides with the Engincering Authority and the governmental regulating agency, as permitted by the Code of Federal Regulations (Title 14, Pars 43 and 145). The final authority forall approves for weld repair procedures resides solely with the governmental regulating agency. Note: When the weld repair becomes an integral part of ig. Generally, an overhaul manual approved by the governmental regulating agency will contain established weld repair procedures that are acknowledged and approved by the FAA for use by Repair Stations or the OEMs as permitted, without additional qualification or se-qualification of which are used for generic or common weld repairs. That distinetion is limited for weld repairs to figh: harcwere on structures which have limited or unsatisfactory weldability, such as Aluminum Alloy 7075-173. As corrosion and fatigue begin to affect the base metal in ertical areas, the Engineering Authority will need to investigate and develop economical means to repair welding. This will prompt the welding industry to develop new uses for current and future teciolozies £82 Design. Stress analyses performed to satisfy design requirements could vary froma performing qualitative engineering ‘assessment of Icading to a detailed finite element analysis of the repaired area. EB3 Welding Procedures. Originally, most weld procedures may not have been qualified or have had an adequately documented weld procedure. Where welds become an integral method of fabrication, the need and requirement for developing and documenting the weld procedure becomes an important aspect of weld repairs hardware a Jause 8 will apply, ‘This clause of the specification prohibits the weld repair application unless sufficient testing has been performed. The testing of the weld repair procedure must satisfactorily apply to the specific application. This will include weld repair procedures that may have been previously qualified for another application or base metal/weld metal combination. If sufficient data exists to suppoct another similar application, the Engineeting Authority may approve the weld repair pro» ‘cedure for additional uses ‘The actual application of the weld repair procedure must be the controlling factor when following previously qualified weld procedures. E84 Welder and Welding Operator Qualification, For quilification of nersonne! to perform repaicwelding on existing hardware the same recuirements a applied that would be use: to build new hercware, The same ability is necessary 9 obtain acceptable welds. E86 Weld Repair Inspection. In most cases, the currently specified inspection methods are adequate for welé repairs. ‘When the inspection is not normally used for the item because of limitations of the method, the Engineering Authority may authorize altemative inspection methods ifthe current method is not suffiient. Approval from the appropriate government agency is required. Each weld repair in areas noi normally inspected should have adequate Engineering oversight, ensuring the adequacy ofthe repair inspection ‘FBZ Grounding and Bonding. Welding on aircraft poses additional sisks Jo other hardware With the complex electronics and moving parts on the vehicle, the Engineering Authority needs to verify that there will not be damage to these other components fom the electrical path io workpiece lead. ‘ERS Repair Documentation. The use of welding to repair item's that are not normally welded is avery possible situation and the need to document te location ofthe weld repairs ertcsl wo track and monitor the repair in the event o failure. Weld repairs performed per this clause have inherent liability issues and documentation of the repair is important to provide a long-term record of the suggested welding variables listed inthis clause, The variables listed in Clause 8 are not all inclusive and may be changed by adding or deleting some of the welding variables depending on the welding procedure development. The documentation provides feedback to the extent the weld repeir was utilized and any corresponding corrective action taken is properly documented F9, Nonflight Hardware ‘This specification recognizes fundamental differences between welding flight and nonflight structures (which are often overlooked in contracts), and allows for their unique requirements to be covered by a single master specification. E21 Scope. The typical aerospace hardwate considered herein support the operations of manufacturing, transporting, receiving, handling, assembly, inspection, test, checkout, and se-vice of aieraf, missile and space vehicles and payloads, and the launching of stall or ballistic missiles, space vehicles, and payloads. ‘AWS D17-1/017.1M1:2017-AM02 F9.2 Exceptions and Additional Requirements. This clause is intended to establish uniform practices for the design, qualification, fabrication, and inspection of nontlight hardware. This goal is accomplished by combining the requirements fof consensus industrial welding codes with supplementary requirements as necessary. Supplementary requirements were ‘added in areas where the pertinent industrial cage either contained no requirements or contained requirements insufficient for aerospace applications. This approseh is consistent with the intended use of the referenced codes which typically establish minimum requirements, For example, even though AWS DI.1/D1.IM, Structural Welding Code — Steel, Contains requirements for NDE methods and neveptance criteria, NDE is not required unless specifically requested in the contract agreement (such a request would be separate from the general AWS D1.1/D1.1M callout and would have to ‘contain details on the desired methods and exient of exsmination). A normative annex in AWS D1.1/D1.1M contains ‘examples of how to write a specification that invokes some of the optional provisions of that code. ASME B31.3, Code for Pressure Piping — Process Pipiag, states that “The owner is also responsible for imposing requirements supplementary 10 those of the code if necessary to assure safe piping for the proposed installation.” Some additional examples of the supplementary requirements are the following: (1) data requirements for engineering drawings: (2) requirements for material certifications; (3) requirements for structural welding of nontraditional structural alloys: o ©) fa (6) requirements for visual inspection and NDE (including personnel qualification, methods, extent, and acceptance criteria) as well as rework. rovisions for verifieation of WPS and welder qualifications; ication techniques, including preheat and postweld heating requirements Excluded from the requirements of Clause 9 are pressure vessels for nonflight applications which should be fabricated in accordance with the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC). Supplementary requirements are not added to the ASME BPVC due to the fact thet the BPVC directly links weld design factors (e.g. joint efficiencies and allowable stresses) to the type aad extent of NDE performed, and also establishes extensive requirements for such subjects as weld categories, weld types, service restrictions, and fabrication details (including detailed requirements for postweld heat treatment). Furthermore, the ASME BPVC states that engineering judgment used in the application of the BPVC “. must never be used to overnule mandatory requirements or specific provisions of the Code.” 88 AWS 017.1017 1M12017-AMD2 Annex G (Informative) Samples of Welding Forms for WPSs, PQRs, and Welder Performance Qualifications ‘This annex js not pat ofthis standard but is included for informational purposes only, 89 AWS D17-1D17.1M2017-AMD2 SAMPLE WELDING PROCEDURE SPECIFICATION (WPS) (SMAW, GMAW, GTAW, FCAW, OFW, PAW) Company Name WPS No. Fen Ne “Date Tamaraaa by Bae ‘Supporing PRs) Fi Report Groove Weide Groove wie TT — arial Pen Groove Welds Filet Welds BrocestT Process Process 3 Backgousiag Meno LOA AMEN STOTT] | sketches, sroduction drawings, weksng symbols, or writen Temperature —

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