Scribdy Crypt

html
xmlns="http://www.w3.
org/1999/xhtml"
xml:lang="en"
lang="en"
xmlns:og="http://opengr
aphprotocol.org/schema
/"
xmlns:fb="http://www.f
acebook.com/2008/fbml
"><head prefix="og:
http://ogp.me/ns#
scribd-com:
http://ogp.me/ns/apps/sc
ribd-com#"><link
rel="preconnect"
href="https://s-
f.scribdassets.com/"><li
nk rel="preload"
crossorigin="anonymou
s" href="https://s-
f.scribdassets.com/webp
ack/assets/fonts/source_
sans_pro/regular/source
_sans_pro_regular.457e
d42e.woff"
as="font"><link
rel="preload"
s" href="https://s-
ack/assets/fonts/source_
sans_pro/semibold/sour
ce_sans_pro_semibold.c
a68ab24.woff"
as="font"><link
rel="preload"
s" href="https://s-
ack/assets/fonts/icons/ic
ons.e31e778d.ttf"
as="font"><script>
window.Scribd = window.Scribd || {};
window.Scribd.config =
{"js_logging_enabled":false,"raise_js_callback_errors":false,"session_d
omain":".scribd.com","csrf_token_url":"https://www.scribd.com/csrf_t
oken","facebook":
{"app_id":136494494209,"permissions":"email,public_profile","names
pace":"scribd-com","link_url":"/facebook_link"}};
window.Scribd.webpack_public_path = "https://s-
f.scribdassets.com/webpack/monolith/";
window.Scribd.AssetPath = "https://s-f.scribdassets.com/";
</script><style>.wrapper__text_button{font-family:Source Sans
Pro,sans-serif;background-color:transparent;border-
radius:0;border:0;box-sizing:border-box;cursor:pointer;display:inline-
block;color:#1e7b85;font-size:16px;font-weight:700;min-height:0;line-
height:normal;min-
width:0;padding:0}.wrapper__text_button:visited{color:#1e7b85}.wrap
per__text_button:hover{background-
color:transparent;border:0;color:#0d6069}.wrapper__text_button:active
{background-
color:transparent;border:0;color:#0d6069}.wrapper__text_button.negat
e{color:#fff}.wrapper__text_button.negate:active,.wrapper__text_butto
n.negate:hover{color:#fff}.wrapper__text_button.disabled,.wrapper__t
ext_button:disabled{background-
color:transparent;color:#57617a}.wrapper__text_button.disabled:visite
d,.wrapper__text_button:disabled:visited{color:#57617a}.wrapper__te
xt_button.disabled:hover,.wrapper__text_button:disabled:hover{backgr
ound-
color:transparent}.wrapper__text_button.disabled.loading,.wrapper__te
xt_button:disabled.loading{color:#e9edf8;background-
color:transparent}.wrapper__text_button.disabled.loading:hover,.wrapp
er__text_button:disabled.loading:hover{background-
color:transparent}@media (min-width:320px)
{.breakpoint_hide.at_or_above.b320{display:none}}@media (min-
width:450px)
width:550px)
width:700px)
width:950px)
width:1024px)
width:1141px)
width:1190px)
width:1376px)
width:321px){.breakpoint_hide.above.b320{display:none}}@media
(min-width:451px)
{.breakpoint_hide.above.b450{display:none}}@media (min-
(min-width:701px)
(min-width:1025px)
(min-width:1191px)
(max-width:320px)
{.breakpoint_hide.at_or_below.b320{display:none}}@media (max-
width:450px)
width:550px)
width:700px)
width:950px)
width:1024px)
width:1141px)
width:1190px)
width:1376px)
width:319px){.breakpoint_hide.below.b320{display:none}}@media
(max-width:449px)
{.breakpoint_hide.below.b450{display:none}}@media (max-
(max-width:699px)
(max-width:1023px)
(max-width:1189px)
width:1375px)
{.breakpoint_hide.below.b1376{display:none}}.wrapper__outline-
button{font-family:Source Sans Pro,sans-serif;transition:background .
1s ease-in-out,color .1s ease-in-out;-moz-transition:background .1s
ease-in-out,color .1s ease-in-out;-webkit-transition:background .1s
ease-in-out,color .1s ease-in-out;background-
color:transparent;border:1px solid #1e7b85;border-radius:4px;box-
sizing:border-box;color:#1e7b85;cursor:pointer;display:inline-
block;font-size:18px;font-weight:600;line-height:1.3em;padding:12px
24px;text-align:center}.keyboard_focus .wrapper__outline-
button:focus,.wrapper__outline-button.hover,.wrapper__outline-
button:hover{background-color:#f8f9fd;border-
color:#0d6069;color:#0d6069}.wrapper__outline-
button.activated,.wrapper__outline-button:active{background-
color:#f8f9fd;border-color:#0d6069;color:#0d6069}.wrapper__outline-
button.disabled,.wrapper__outline-
button.loading.disabled,.wrapper__outline-
button.loading:disabled,.wrapper__outline-
button:disabled{transition:none;-moz-transition:none;-webkit-
transition:none;background-
color:#e9edf8;border:0;color:#57617a;cursor:default}.wrapper__outlin
e-button.disabled:visited,.wrapper__outline-
button.loading.disabled:visited,.wrapper__outline-
button.loading:disabled:visited,.wrapper__outline-
button:disabled:visited{color:#57617a}.wrapper__outline-
button.disabled:active,.wrapper__outline-
button.disabled:hover,.wrapper__outline-
button.loading.disabled:active,.wrapper__outline-
button.loading.disabled:hover,.wrapper__outline-
button.loading:disabled:active,.wrapper__outline-
button.loading:disabled:hover,.wrapper__outline-
button:disabled:active,.wrapper__outline-
button:disabled:hover{background-color:#e9edf8}.wrapper__filled-
button{font-family:Source Sans Pro,sans-serif;transition:background .
1s ease-in-out,color .1s ease-in-out;-moz-transition:background .1s
ease-in-out,color .1s ease-in-out;-webkit-transition:background .1s
ease-in-out,color .1s ease-in-out;background-color:#1e7b85;border-
radius:4px;border:1px solid #1e7b85;box-sizing:border-
box;color:#fff;cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;font-size:18px;font-
weight:600;line-height:1.3em;padding:12px 24px;position:relative;text-
align:center}.wrapper__filled-
button:visited{color:#fff}.wrapper__filled-
button.activated,.wrapper__filled-button.hover,.wrapper__filled-
button:active,.wrapper__filled-button:hover{background-
color:#0d6069;color:#fff}.wrapper__filled-
button.disabled,.wrapper__filled-
button.loading.disabled,.wrapper__filled-
button.loading:disabled,.wrapper__filled-
button:disabled{transition:none;-moz-transition:none;-webkit-
transition:none;background-
color:#e9edf8;border:0;color:#57617a;cursor:default}.wrapper__filled-
button.disabled:visited,.wrapper__filled-
button.loading.disabled:visited,.wrapper__filled-
button.loading:disabled:visited,.wrapper__filled-
button:disabled:visited{color:#57617a}.wrapper__filled-
button.disabled:active,.wrapper__filled-
button.disabled:hover,.wrapper__filled-
button.loading.disabled:active,.wrapper__filled-
button.loading.disabled:hover,.wrapper__filled-
button.loading:disabled:active,.wrapper__filled-
button.loading:disabled:hover,.wrapper__filled-
button:disabled:active,.wrapper__filled-
button:disabled:hover{background-color:#e9edf8}.wrapper__filled-
button
.wrapper__spinner{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;right:0;bottom:0;displ
ay:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center}@keyframes
rotate{0%
{transform:rotate(0deg)}to{transform:rotate(1turn)}}.wrapper__spinne
r svg{height:30px;width:30px;animation-name:rotate;animation-
duration:.7s;animation-iteration-count:infinite;animation-timing-
function:linear;-ms-high-contrast-adjust:none}.wrapper__spinner.slow
svg{animation-duration:1.2s}.wrapper__spinner.large svg{background-
size:60px;height:60px;width:60px}.wrapper__button_menu{position:re
lative}.wrapper__button_menu .button_menu{background:#fff;border-
radius:4px;border:1px solid #e9edf8;box-shadow:0 0 10px
rgba(0,0,0,.1);position:absolute;z-index:2700;min-
width:220px}.wrapper__button_menu
.button_menu:before{background:#fff;border-
radius:4px;bottom:0;content:"
";display:block;left:0;position:absolute;right:0;top:0;z-index:-
1}@media (max-width:450px){.wrapper__button_menu
.button_menu:not(.no_fullscreen){position:fixed;top:0!important;left:0!
important;right:0!important;bottom:0!important;width:auto!
important}.wrapper__button_menu
.button_menu:not(.no_fullscreen)
.button_menu_arrow{display:none}.wrapper__button_menu
.list_heading{display:block}.wrapper__button_menu
.button_menu:not(.no_fullscreen) .button_menu_items{max-
height:100vh}.wrapper__button_menu
.close_btn{display:block}}.wrapper__button_menu .button_menu
.button_menu_arrow{border-width:6px;z-index:-
2}.wrapper__button_menu .button_menu
.button_menu_arrow:before{transform:rotate(45deg);box-shadow:0 0
10px rgba(0,0,0,.1);content:"
";display:block;height:10px;position:relative;width:10px}.wrapper__bu
tton_menu .button_menu .button_menu_arrow,.wrapper__button_menu
.button_menu .button_menu_arrow:after{border-
color:transparent;border-
style:solid;display:block;height:0;position:absolute;width:0}.wrapper__
button_menu .button_menu .button_menu_arrow:after{border-
width:5px;content:""}.wrapper__button_menu
.button_menu.top{bottom:calc(100% +
10px)}.wrapper__button_menu .button_menu.top
.button_menu_arrow{bottom:-6px;border-bottom-width:0;border-top-
color:#e9edf8}.wrapper__button_menu .button_menu.top
.button_menu_arrow:before{top:-12.5px;left:-
5px}.wrapper__button_menu .button_menu.top
.button_menu_arrow:after{content:" ";bottom:1px;margin-left:-
5px;border-bottom-width:0;border-top-
color:#fff}.wrapper__button_menu
.button_menu.bottom{top:calc(100% +
10px)}.wrapper__button_menu .button_menu.bottom
.button_menu_arrow{top:-6px;border-top-width:0;border-bottom-
color:#e9edf8}.wrapper__button_menu .button_menu.bottom
.button_menu_arrow:before{top:2.5px;left:-
5px}.wrapper__button_menu .button_menu.bottom
.button_menu_arrow:after{content:" ";top:1px;margin-left:-5px;border-
top-width:0;border-bottom-color:#fff}.wrapper__button_menu
.button_menu.left{right:-15px}.wrapper__button_menu
.button_menu.left
.button_menu_arrow{right:15px;left:auto}.wrapper__button_menu
.button_menu.left.library_button_menu{right:0}.wrapper__button_men
u .button_menu.right{left:-15px}.wrapper__button_menu
.button_menu.right .button_menu_arrow{left:15px;margin-
left:0}.wrapper__button_menu .button_menu
.close_btn{position:absolute;top:16px;right:16px;display:none}.wrappe
r__button_menu .button_menu_items{margin-bottom:10px;max-
height:400px;overflow-y:auto}.wrapper__button_menu
.button_menu_items li{padding:10px 20px;min-width:320px;box-
sizing:border-box}.wrapper__button_menu .button_menu_items li
a{color:#1e7b85}.wrapper__button_menu .button_menu_items li
.pull_right{float:right}.wrapper__button_menu .button_menu_items
li.disabled_row,.wrapper__button_menu .button_menu_items
li.disabled_row a{color:#e9edf8}.wrapper__button_menu
.button_menu_items li:not(.menu_heading)
{cursor:pointer}.wrapper__button_menu .button_menu_items
.menu_heading{text-transform:uppercase;font-weight:700;padding:4px
20px}.wrapper__button_menu .list_item{display:block;border-
bottom:1px solid #f3f6fd;padding:10px
20px}.wrapper__button_menu .list_item:last-child{border-
bottom:none;margin-bottom:6px}.wrapper__button_menu
.list_heading{font-size:20px;text-
align:left;display:none}.wrapper__button_menu .list_heading
.close_btn{position:absolute;top:14px;right:14px;cursor:pointer}.wrapp
er__app_store_buttons{line-height:inherit;list-
style:none;padding:0;margin:0}.wrapper__app_store_buttons li{line-
height:inherit}.wrapper__app_store_buttons
.app_store_img{height:40px}.wrapper__app_store_buttons
li{display:block}.wrapper__app_store_buttons li
.app_link{display:block;margin-
bottom:4px}.wrapper__app_store_buttons li .app_link
img,.wrapper__store_button{display:block}.wrapper__store_button
.app_link{display:block;margin-bottom:4px}.wrapper__store_button
.app_link img{display:block}.wrapper__store_button
.app_store_img{height:40px}.wrapper__checkbox{position:relative;tex
t-align:left}.wrapper__checkbox
label{cursor:pointer}.wrapper__checkbox
.checkbox_label{display:inline-block;line-
height:1.5em}.wrapper__checkbox .checkbox_label:before{font-
size:16px;border:none;box-
shadow:none;color:#8f929e;cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;font-
family:scribd;font-size:inherit;margin-
right:12px;position:relative;top:2px;vertical-
align:top}.wrapper__checkbox
.checkbox_label.checked:before{color:#017f70}.keyboard_focus
.wrapper__checkbox .checkbox_label.focused:before{outline:2px solid
#02a793;outline-offset:2px}.wrapper__checkbox .checkbox_label
.input_text{font-family:Source Sans Pro,sans-serif;font-
size:16px;color:#1c263d;display:inline-block;font-size:inherit;font-
weight:400;line-height:unset;vertical-
align:unset}.wrapper__checkbox .checkbox_label.focused
.input_text,.wrapper__checkbox .checkbox_label:hover
.input_text{color:#1c263d}.wrapper__checkbox
.checkbox_label.focused:before,.wrapper__checkbox
.checkbox_label:hover:before{color:#0d6069}.wrapper__checkbox
.checkbox_label.with_description .input_text{color:#57617a;font-
weight:700}.wrapper__checkbox .checkbox_label.with_description
.description{font-family:Source Sans Pro,sans-serif;font-
size:14px;color:#57617a;display:block;line-height:1.29em;margin-
left:28px}.wrapper__mobile_bottom_tabs{background-
color:#fff;border-top:1px solid
#e9edf8;bottom:0;display:flex;height:60px;left:0;padding-
bottom:env(safe-area-inset-bottom,12px);position:fixed;width:100%;z-
index:29}.wrapper__mobile_bottom_tabs ul{line-height:inherit;list-
style:none;padding:0;margin:0;display:flex;flex-direction:row;justify-
content:space-between;width:100%}.wrapper__mobile_bottom_tabs ul
li{line-height:inherit}.wrapper__mobile_bottom_tabs li{flex-
basis:0;flex-grow:1;padding:2px 1px;position:relative;max-
width:25%}.wrapper__mobile_bottom_tabs a{align-
items:center;color:#00293f;font-size:12px;height:100%;justify-
content:center;text-align:center}.wrapper__mobile_bottom_tabs a
.icon{display:block;font-size:24px;padding-bottom:2px;padding-
top:7px}.wrapper__mobile_bottom_tabs .title{white-
space:nowrap;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;padding:0
6px}.wrapper__mobile_bottom_tabs
li.selected:after{background:#a9085e;bottom:0;content:"
";height:2px;left:0;position:absolute;width:100%}.wrapper__mobile_b
ottom_tabs .selected a{color:#a9085e}.wrapper__static_stars
.star_label{font-size:12px}@keyframes Step{0%{left:-
200%}to{left:0}}@keyframes ShowFade{0%
{display:none;opacity:0}1%
{display:block;opacity:0}to{display:block;opacity:1}}.wrapper__anim
ated_content{display:flex;flex-
direction:column;padding:10px}.wrapper__animated_content
.contents,.wrapper__animated_content .steps{line-height:inherit;list-
style:none;padding:0;margin:0}.wrapper__animated_content .contents
li,.wrapper__animated_content .steps li{line-
height:inherit}.wrapper__animated_content .contents
.content{opacity:0;text-align:center}.wrapper__animated_content
.contents .content:not(.active)
{display:none}.wrapper__animated_content .contents
.content.active{animation:ShowFade .3s ease-
in;opacity:1}.wrapper__animated_content.above .contents{padding-
top:5px}.wrapper__animated_content.below .contents{padding-
bottom:5px}.wrapper__animated_content
.steps{display:flex;height:10px;align-items:center;justify-
content:space-around}.wrapper__animated_content .steps .step{border-
radius:5px;height:2px;margin-
left:5px;overflow:hidden;position:relative}.wrapper__animated_conten
t .steps .step:first-child{margin-left:0}.wrapper__animated_content
.steps .step.active
.progress{display:block;content:"";height:inherit;left:0;position:absolut
e;top:0;width:200%;animation-name:Step;animation-timing-
function:cubic-
bezier(0,0,1,.2)}.wrapper__animated_content.dark{background-
color:#00293f;color:#fff}.wrapper__animated_content.dark
.step{background:hsla(0,0%,100%,.2)}.wrapper__animated_content.da
rk .step.active .progress{background:linear-gradient(90deg,#fff
80%,hsla(0,0%,100%,.2))}.wrapper__animated_content.dark
.step.complete{background:#fff}.wrapper__animated_content.light{bac
kground-color:#fff;color:#1c263d}.wrapper__animated_content.light
.step{background:rgba(0,0,0,.1)}.wrapper__animated_content.light
.step.active .progress{background:linear-gradient(90deg,#8f929e
80%,transparent)}.wrapper__animated_content.light
.step.complete{background:#8f929e}.wrapper__text_input{margin:0 0
18px;max-width:650px}.wrapper__text_input label{display:block;font-
size:16px;font-weight:700}.wrapper__text_input label .optional{font-
weight:400;color:#57617a}.wrapper__text_input .help{font-
size:14px;color:#57617a;display:block}.wrapper__text_input
input,.wrapper__text_input input[type]{outline:none;border-
radius:4px;border:1px solid #8f929e;padding:8px
14px;width:100%;height:40px;box-sizing:border-
box}.wrapper__text_input input:focus,.wrapper__text_input
input[type]:focus{border-color:#02a793;box-shadow:0 0 1px 0
#017f70}@media screen and (-ms-high-contrast:active)
{.wrapper__text_input input:focus,.wrapper__text_input
input[type]:focus{outline:1px dashed!important}}.wrapper__text_input
input.disabled,.wrapper__text_input input[type].disabled{background-
color:#f8f9fd}.wrapper__text_input input::-ms-
clear,.wrapper__text_input input[type]::-ms-
clear{display:none}.wrapper__text_input abbr.asterisk_require{font-
size:120%}.wrapper__text_input.has_error
input[type=email].field_err,.wrapper__text_input.has_error
input[type=password].field_err,.wrapper__text_input.has_error
input[type=text].field_err,.wrapper__text_input.has_error
textarea.field_err{border-color:#b31e30;box-shadow:0 0 1px 0
#f2dede}.wrapper__text_input
.input_wrapper{position:relative;margin-
top:4px}.wrapper__input_error{color:#b31e30;font-size:14px;margin-
top:6px;text-align:left;font-weight:400}.wrapper__input_error
.icon{margin-
right:5px;position:relative;top:2px}.wrapper__breadcrumbs{margin-
top:16px;margin-bottom:16px;font-size:14px;font-
weight:600}.wrapper__breadcrumbs .breadcrumbs-list{line-
height:inherit;list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0;display:flex;flex-
wrap:wrap}.wrapper__breadcrumbs .breadcrumbs-list li{line-
height:inherit}.wrapper__breadcrumbs .breadcrumb-item
.disabled{cursor:auto}.wrapper__breadcrumbs
.icon{position:relative;top:1px;font-size:13px;color:#caced9;margin:0
8px}@font-face{font-family:scribd;src:url(https://s-
f.scribdassets.com/webpack/assets/fonts/icons/icons.54eec5fb.eot);src:u
rl(https://s-
f.scribdassets.com/webpack/assets/fonts/icons/icons.54eec5fb.eot#iefix
) format("embedded-opentype"),url(https://s-
f.scribdassets.com/webpack/assets/fonts/icons/icons.e31e778d.ttf),url(h
ttps://s-
f.scribdassets.com/webpack/assets/fonts/icons/icons.e5fcf9b9.woff),url(
https://s-
f.scribdassets.com/webpack/assets/fonts/icons/icons.eb305562.svg#scri
bd) format("svg");font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-
display:block}[class*=" icon-"],[class^=icon-]{font-family:scribd!
important;speak:never;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-
variant:normal;text-transform:none;line-height:1;-webkit-font-
smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale}.icon-
ic_podcasts_filled_24:before{content:"\e9f9"}.icon-
ic_podcasts_outline_24:before{content:"\e9fa"}.icon-
ic_podcasts_filled_16:before{content:"\e9fb"}.icon-
ic_podcasts_outline_16:before{content:"\e9fc"}.icon-
ic_note_multiple:before{content:"\e9e7"}.icon-
ic_note_single:before{content:"\e9e8"}.icon-
ic_series_16:before{content:"\e9f8"}.icon-
ic_eye_hide:before{content:"\e9e1"}.icon-
ic_eye_show:before{content:"\e9e2"}.icon-
ic_linespacing_1:before{content:"\e9e3"}.icon-
ic_linespacing_2:before{content:"\e9f3"}.icon-
ic_linespacing_3:before{content:"\e9f4"}.icon-
ic_play_32:before{content:"\e9f6"}.icon-
ic_series_24:before{content:"\e9f7"}.icon-
ic_apple_24:before{content:"\e9f2"}.icon-
ic_facebook_24:before{content:"\e9f5"}.icon-
ic_circle_large:before{content:"\e9f1"}.icon-
ic_notification_fill:before{content:"\e9ed"}.icon-
ic_notification_line:before{content:"\e9ee"}.icon-
ic_history_left:before{content:"\e9ef"}.icon-
ic_history_right:before{content:"\e9f0"}.icon-
ic_caraudio_large:before{content:"\e9eb"}.icon-
ic_caraudio:before{content:"\e9ec"}.icon-
ic_responsiveweb:before{content:"\e9ea"}.icon-
ic_zoomtofit:before{content:"\e9e9"}.icon-
ic_copy_large:before{content:"\e9e5"}.icon-
ic_email_large:before{content:"\e9e6"}.icon-
ic_toptobottom:before{content:"\e9e4"}.icon-
ic_language:before{content:"\e9e0"}.icon-
ic_finished_fill:before{content:"\e9df"}.icon-
ic_globalnav_snapshot_fill:before{content:"\e9db"}.icon-
ic_globalnav_snapshot:before{content:"\e9dc"}.icon-
ic_small_snapshot_fill:before{content:"\e9dd"}.icon-
ic_small_snapshot:before{content:"\e9de"}.icon-
ic_copy:before{content:"\e9d9"}.icon-
ic_copy_small:before{content:"\e9da"}.icon-
ic_clock_small:before{content:"\e9d7"}.icon-
ic_pages_small:before{content:"\e9d8"}.icon-
ic_clock:before{content:"\e9d5"}.icon-
ic_pages:before{content:"\e9d6"}.icon-
ic_globalnav_topcharts:before{content:"\e9d4"}.icon-
ic_small_songbook:before{content:"\e91f"}.icon-
ic_small_audiobook:before{content:"\e920"}.icon-
ic_small_magazine_fill:before{content:"\e921"}.icon-
ic_small_magazine:before{content:"\e996"}.icon-
ic_small_articles:before{content:"\e9c7"}.icon-
ic_articles_fill:before{content:"\e9c8"}.icon-
ic_articles:before{content:"\e9c9"}.icon-
ic_audiobook_fill:before{content:"\e9ca"}.icon-
ic_audiobook:before{content:"\e9cb"}.icon-
ic_book_fill:before{content:"\e9cc"}.icon-
ic_book:before{content:"\e9cd"}.icon-
ic_document_fill:before{content:"\e9ce"}.icon-
ic_document:before{content:"\e9cf"}.icon-
ic_magazine_fill:before{content:"\e9d0"}.icon-
ic_magazine:before{content:"\e9d1"}.icon-
ic_songbook_fill:before{content:"\e9d2"}.icon-
ic_songbook:before{content:"\e9d3"}.icon-
ic_finished:before{content:"\e91c"}.icon-
ic_finished_small:before{content:"\e91e"}.icon-
ic_book_outline_small:before{content:"\e919"}.icon-
ic_audiobook_play_small:before{content:"\e91a"}.icon-
ic_small_book:before{content:"\e91b"}.icon-
ic_accountsettings_fill:before{content:"\e91d"}.icon-
ic_availablesoon_small:before{content:"\e918"}.icon-
ic_remove_download_small:before{content:"\e912"}.icon-
ic_warning_small:before{content:"\e913"}.icon-
ic_follow_star_small:before{content:"\e914"}.icon-
ic_followed_star_small:before{content:"\e915"}.icon-
ic_follow_star:before{content:"\e916"}.icon-
ic_followed_star:before{content:"\e917"}.icon-
ic_small_checkbox_fill:before{content:"\e910"}.icon-
ic_small_checkbox_outline:before{content:"\e911"}.icon-
ic_openinnewwindow_8:before{content:"\e90e"}.icon-
ic_openinnewwindow_small:before{content:"\e90f"}.icon-
ic_refine_24:before{content:"\e90d"}.icon-
ic_save_for_later_2px:before{content:"\e90b"}.icon-
ic_saved_for_later_2px:before{content:"\e90c"}.icon-
ic_minus_circle:before{content:"\e909"}.icon-
ic_questionmark:before{content:"\e90a"}.icon-
ic_calendar_24:before{content:"\e906"}.icon-
ic_storedoffline_24:before{content:"\e907"}.icon-
ic_articles_24:before{content:"\e908"}.icon-
ic_checkmark_circle_outline:before{content:"\e905"}.icon-
ic_success:before{content:"\e903"}.icon-
ic_warning:before{content:"\e904"}.icon-
ic_checkmark_bold:before{content:"\e902"}.icon-
ic_scribd_badge_logo:before{content:"\e901"}.icon-
ic_scribd_social_logo:before{content:"\e900"}.icon-
ic_share_web:before{content:"\e9c6"}.icon-
ic_menuclosed:before{content:"\e922"}.icon-
ic_slide_fwd:before{content:"\e9c5"}.icon-
ic_page_vertical_arrow:before{content:"\e97e"}.icon-
ic_zoom_out_default:before{content:"\e97f"}.icon-
ic_zoom_in_default:before{content:"\e980"}.icon-
ic_nightmode:before{content:"\e981"}.icon-
ic_sepiamode:before{content:"\e982"}.icon-
ic_daymode:before{content:"\e983"}.icon-
ic_vertical_reading:before{content:"\e984"}.icon-
ic_horizontal_reading:before{content:"\e985"}.icon-
ic_checkmark_outline_circle:before{content:"\e986"}.icon-
ic_edit_pencil:before{content:"\e987"}.icon-
ic_apple_mark:before{content:"\e988"}.icon-
ic_android_mark:before{content:"\e989"}.icon-
ic_heart:before{content:"\e98a"}.icon-
ic_close_circle_fill:before{content:"\e98b"}.icon-
ic_warn:before{content:"\e98c"}.icon-
ic_email:before{content:"\e98d"}.icon-
ic_upload_with_line:before{content:"\e98e"}.icon-
ic_twitter:before{content:"\e98f"}.icon-
ic_facebook:before{content:"\e990"}.icon-
ic_pinterest:before{content:"\e991"}.icon-
ic_linkedin:before{content:"\e992"}.icon-
ic_embed:before{content:"\e993"}.icon-
ic_radiobutton_empty:before{content:"\e994"}.icon-
ic_radiobutton_filled:before{content:"\e995"}.icon-
ic_reader_bookmark_on:before{content:"\e997"}.icon-
ic_reader_bookmark_off:before{content:"\e998"}.icon-
ic_print:before{content:"\e999"}.icon-
ic_download_with_line:before{content:"\e99a"}.icon-
ic_globalnav_upload:before{content:"\e99b"}.icon-
ic_web_player_volume_3:before{content:"\e99c"}.icon-
ic_web_player_volume_2:before{content:"\e99d"}.icon-
ic_web_player_volume_1:before{content:"\e99e"}.icon-
ic_web_player_volume_0:before{content:"\e99f"}.icon-
ic_badge_audio_old:before{content:"\e9a0"}.icon-
ic_fullscreen_collapse:before{content:"\e9a1"}.icon-
ic_fullscreen_window:before{content:"\e9a2"}.icon-
ic_read_circle:before{content:"\e9a3"}.icon-
ic_popular_circle:before{content:"\e9a4"}.icon-
ic_chat_circle:before{content:"\e9a5"}.icon-
ic_user_circle:before{content:"\e9a6"}.icon-
ic_music_jam:before{content:"\e9a7"}.icon-
ic_music_hits:before{content:"\e9a8"}.icon-
ic_music_classics:before{content:"\e9a9"}.icon-
ic_music_broadway:before{content:"\e9aa"}.icon-
ic_slide_back:before{content:"\e9ab"}.icon-
ic_cart:before{content:"\e9ac"}.icon-
ic_toc_list:before{content:"\e9ad"}.icon-
ic_share:before{content:"\e97d"}.icon-
ic_checkbox_outline:before{content:"\e923"}.icon-
ic_checkbox_fill:before{content:"\e948"}.icon-
ic_displaysettings:before{content:"\e95a"}.icon-
ic_checkmark_circle_fill:before{content:"\e971"}.icon-
ic_globalnav_saved_fill:before{content:"\e924"}.icon-
ic_thumbsdown_fill:before{content:"\e925"}.icon-
ic_thumbsup_fill:before{content:"\e93e"}.icon-
ic_store_offline_small:before{content:"\e926"}.icon-
ic_right_caret_alt:before{content:"\e927"}.icon-
ic_thumbsdown_outline:before{content:"\e928"}.icon-
ic_thumbsup_outline:before{content:"\e929"}.icon-
ic_overflowmenu:before{content:"\e930"}.icon-
ic_audiobook_pause:before{content:"\e938"}.icon-
ic_save_for_later_1px:before{content:"\e93a"}.icon-
ic_saved_for_later_1px:before{content:"\e93b"}.icon-
ic_globalnav_saved:before{content:"\e945"}.icon-
ic_right_arrow:before{content:"\e946"}.icon-
ic_back_arrow:before{content:"\e947"}.icon-
ic_add_circle:before{content:"\e970"}.icon-
ic_audiobook_pause_large:before{content:"\e92a"}.icon-
ic_audiobook_play_large:before{content:"\e92b"}.icon-
ic_audiobook_back:before{content:"\e92c"}.icon-
ic_audiobook_forward:before{content:"\e92d"}.icon-
ic_audiobook_skipback:before{content:"\e92e"}.icon-
ic_audiobook_skipfwd:before{content:"\e92f"}.icon-
ic_audiobook_sleepoff:before{content:"\e931"}.icon-
ic_audiobook_sleepon:before{content:"\e932"}.icon-
ic_star_large_fill:before{content:"\e933"}.icon-
ic_star_large_halffill:before{content:"\e934"}.icon-
ic_star_large_outline:before{content:"\e935"}.icon-
ic_abouttitle:before{content:"\e936"}.icon-
ic_accountsettings:before{content:"\e937"}.icon-
ic_addtolist:before{content:"\e939"}.icon-
ic_align_center:before{content:"\e93c"}.icon-
ic_align_justify:before{content:"\e93d"}.icon-
ic_align_left:before{content:"\e93f"}.icon-
ic_align_right:before{content:"\e940"}.icon-
ic_audiobook_play:before{content:"\e941"}.icon-
ic_audiobook_rewind:before{content:"\e942"}.icon-
ic_audiobook_skipback_24:before{content:"\e943"}.icon-
ic_audiobook_skipfwd_24:before{content:"\e944"}.icon-
ic_checkmark:before{content:"\e949"}.icon-
ic_close:before{content:"\e94a"}.icon-
ic_create_note:before{content:"\e94b"}.icon-
ic_delete:before{content:"\e94c"}.icon-
ic_down_arrow:before{content:"\e94d"}.icon-
ic_download_cancel:before{content:"\e94e"}.icon-
ic_download_queue:before{content:"\e94f"}.icon-
ic_filter_active:before{content:"\e950"}.icon-
ic_filter:before{content:"\e951"}.icon-
ic_globalnav_browse_fill:before{content:"\e952"}.icon-
ic_globalnav_browse:before{content:"\e953"}.icon-
ic_globalnav_home_fill:before{content:"\e954"}.icon-
ic_globalnav_home:before{content:"\e955"}.icon-
ic_globalnav_profile_fill:before{content:"\e956"}.icon-
ic_globalnav_profile:before{content:"\e957"}.icon-
ic_highlight:before{content:"\e958"}.icon-
ic_minus:before{content:"\e959"}.icon-
ic_note:before{content:"\e95b"}.icon-
ic_notebook:before{content:"\e95c"}.icon-
ic_pagegrid:before{content:"\e95d"}.icon-
ic_plus:before{content:"\e95e"}.icon-
ic_private_line_open:before{content:"\e95f"}.icon-
ic_private_line:before{content:"\e960"}.icon-
ic_private:before{content:"\e961"}.icon-
ic_remove_download:before{content:"\e962"}.icon-
ic_removefromlist:before{content:"\e963"}.icon-
ic_righttoleft:before{content:"\e964"}.icon-
ic_scrubber_back:before{content:"\e965"}.icon-
ic_search:before{content:"\e966"}.icon-
ic_star_medium_fill:before{content:"\e967"}.icon-
ic_star_medium_halffill:before{content:"\e968"}.icon-
ic_star_medium_outline:before{content:"\e969"}.icon-
ic_storeoffline:before{content:"\e96a"}.icon-
ic_tableofcontents:before{content:"\e96b"}.icon-
ic_text_message:before{content:"\e96c"}.icon-
ic_topauthor:before{content:"\e96d"}.icon-
ic_up_arrow:before{content:"\e96e"}.icon-
promo_credits:before{content:"\e96f"}.icon-
promo_unlimited:before{content:"\e972"}.icon-
ic_adjustbrightness_thin:before{content:"\e973"}.icon-
ic_arrow_small_left_1px:before{content:"\e974"}.icon-
ic_arrow_small_left_alt:before{content:"\e975"}.icon-
ic_arrow_small_up_1px:before{content:"\e976"}.icon-
ic_arrow_small_up_alt:before{content:"\e977"}.icon-
ic_close_small:before{content:"\e978"}.icon-
ic_dropdown_1px:before{content:"\e979"}.icon-
ic_dropdown_alt:before{content:"\e97a"}.icon-
ic_highlight_small:before{content:"\e97b"}.icon-
ic_input_clear:before{content:"\e97c"}.icon-
ic_note_small:before{content:"\e9ae"}.icon-
ic_right_caret_1px:before{content:"\e9af"}.icon-
ic_search_small:before{content:"\e9b0"}.icon-
ic_small_articles_fill:before{content:"\e9b1"}.icon-
ic_small_audiobook_fill:before{content:"\e9b2"}.icon-
ic_small_audiobook_old_fill:before{content:"\e9b3"}.icon-
ic_small_author_fill:before{content:"\e9b4"}.icon-
ic_small_book_fill:before{content:"\e9b5"}.icon-
ic_small_collection_fill:before{content:"\e9b6"}.icon-
ic_small_document_fill:before{content:"\e9b7"}.icon-
ic_small_document:before{content:"\e9b8"}.icon-
ic_small_song_fill:before{content:"\e9b9"}.icon-
ic_small_songbook_fill:before{content:"\e9ba"}.icon-
ic_small_user_fill:before{content:"\e9bb"}.icon-
ic_small_user:before{content:"\e9bc"}.icon-
ic_star_small_fill:before{content:"\e9bd"}.icon-
ic_star_small_halffill:before{content:"\e9be"}.icon-
ic_star_small_outline:before{content:"\e9bf"}.icon-
ic_storedoffline:before{content:"\e9c0"}.icon-
ic_thumbsdown_fill_small:before{content:"\e9c1"}.icon-
ic_thumbsdown_outline_small:before{content:"\e9c2"}.icon-
ic_thumbsup_fill_small:before{content:"\e9c3"}.icon-
ic_thumbsup_outline_small:before{content:"\e9c4"}body{font-
family:Source Sans Pro,sans-serif;margin:0;color:#1c263d;font-
size:16px;-webkit-font-
smoothing:antialiased}body.dragging,body.unselectable{user-
select:none;cursor:default}body.fixed_min_width{min-
width:996px}body.has_header_shadow:before{content:"";position:fixe
d;background:transparent;top:0;right:0;left:0;height:62px;z-
index:2;transition:all .25s ease-in-out;-moz-transition:all .25s ease-in-
out;-webkit-transition:all .25s ease-in-
out}body.has_header_shadow.show_header_shadow:before{backgroun
d:rgba(0,0,0,.15);height:65px}body.header_overlay_open{overflow:hid
den}body :focus{outline-width:0}body.keyboard_focus
:focus{outline:2px solid #02a793}@media (max-width:450px)
{body{padding-bottom:60px!
important}}input:not([type]):focus,input[type=date]:focus,input[type=d
atetime-
local]:focus,input[type=datetime]:focus,input[type=email]:focus,input[t
ype=month]:focus,input[type=number]:focus,input[type=password]:foc
us,input[type=search]:focus,input[type=tel]:focus,input[type=text]:focu
s,input[type=time]:focus,input[type=url]:focus,input[type=week]:focus,
textarea:focus{outline-width:2px}input[type=search]{-webkit-
appearance:textfield}button,input,select,textarea{font-
size:100%}legend{border:0;padding:0;white-
space:normal}.pseudo_link,.pseudoLink,a{color:#1e7b85;text-
decoration:none;cursor:pointer;transition:color .2s ease-in-out;-moz-
transition:color .2s ease-in-out;-webkit-transition:color .2s ease-in-
out}.pseudo_link:hover,.pseudoLink:hover,a:hover{color:#0d6069}h1,
h2,h3,h4{line-height:normal}h1{font-
size:42px;color:#000514}h1.book_title{font-size:40px;line-
height:1.15;font-weight:400;color:#1c263d}h2{font-
size:32px;color:#000514}h2 .book_title{font-size:38px;line-
height:48px;color:#1c263d}h3{font-size:28px;color:#000514}h3
.book_title{font-size:26px;line-height:32px;color:#1c263d}h4
.book_title{font-size:18px;line-height:22px}p{line-
height:1.5}ol,p,ul{margin:0 0 24px}ol li,ul li{line-
height:1.8}fieldset{border:none;padding:0}.header_spacer{display:non
e;height:60px}.responsive
.header_spacer{display:block}.clearfix{zoom:1}.clearfix:after{content:
".";display:block;height:0;clear:both;visibility:hidden}.hidden{display:
none!
important}.global_wrapper{overflow:hidden;background:#f8f9fd}.full
_width .global_wrapper{background:#fff}.divider{margin:0
1px;border-top:1px solid #e2e4e5}.divider .divider_bottom{border-
top:1px solid #cfd2d3;margin:1px 3px 0}.divider.brown,.divider.brown
.divider_bottom{border-top-color:#e9edf8}.tab_nav{white-
space:nowrap;margin:30px 0}.tab_nav.center_tabs{text-
align:center}.tab_nav.center_tabs .tab{margin-right:20px;margin-
left:20px}.tab_nav .tab{user-select:none;display:inline-
block;transition:all .4s ease;-moz-transition:all .4s ease;-webkit-
transition:all .4s ease;border-bottom:3px solid transparent;text-
transform:uppercase;font-size:14px;color:#57617a;vertical-
align:top;margin-right:40px;cursor:pointer;letter-
spacing:.08em}.tab_nav .tab a{color:inherit;padding:0 0
2px}.tab_nav .tab:hover{color:#0d6069}.tab_nav .tab:hover
a{color:#0d6069}.tab_nav .tab.current{color:#1e7b85;border-
color:#1e7b85}.tab_nav .tab.current a{color:#1e7b85}.tab_nav
.tab:last-child{margin-right:0}.tab_nav.disabled{user-
select:none;cursor:default;border-color:transparent}.tab_nav.disabled
.tab{cursor:default;color:#e9edf8}.tab_nav.disabled
.tab.current{border-color:#e9edf8}.tab_nav.disabled
.tab:hover:not(.current){border-color:transparent}.form input.text,.form
input[type=email],.form input[type=password],.form
input[type=search],.form input[type=tel],.form input[type=text],.form
textarea,form input.text,form input[type=email],form
input[type=password],form input[type=search],form
input[type=tel],form input[type=text],form textarea{box-sizing:border-
box;font-family:Source Sans Pro,sans-serif;border-
radius:4px;height:45px;padding:8px 14px;border:1px solid
#e9edf8;line-height:1.5;color:#1c263d;font-size:16px}.form
input.text::placeholder,.form input[type=email]::placeholder,.form
input[type=password]::placeholder,.form
input[type=search]::placeholder,.form
input[type=tel]::placeholder,.form input[type=text]::placeholder,.form
textarea::placeholder,form input.text::placeholder,form
input[type=email]::placeholder,form
input[type=password]::placeholder,form
input[type=search]::placeholder,form input[type=tel]::placeholder,form
input[type=text]::placeholder,form
textarea::placeholder{color:#57617a}.form input.text ::-webkit-input-
placeholder,.form input[type=email] ::-webkit-input-placeholder,.form
input[type=password] ::-webkit-input-placeholder,.form
input[type=search] ::-webkit-input-placeholder,.form input[type=tel]
::-webkit-input-placeholder,.form input[type=text] ::-webkit-input-
placeholder,.form textarea ::-webkit-input-placeholder,form
input.text ::-webkit-input-placeholder,form input[type=email]
::-webkit-input-placeholder,form input[type=password] ::-webkit-input-
placeholder,form input[type=search] ::-webkit-input-placeholder,form
input[type=tel] ::-webkit-input-placeholder,form input[type=text]
::-webkit-input-placeholder,form textarea ::-webkit-input-
placeholder{color:#57617a}.form input.text :-moz-placeholder,.form
input[type=email] :-moz-placeholder,.form input[type=password]
:-moz-placeholder,.form input[type=search] :-moz-placeholder,.form
input[type=tel] :-moz-placeholder,.form input[type=text] :-moz-
placeholder,.form textarea :-moz-placeholder,form input.text :-moz-
placeholder,form input[type=email] :-moz-placeholder,form
input[type=password] :-moz-placeholder,form input[type=search]
:-moz-placeholder,form input[type=tel] :-moz-placeholder,form
input[type=text] :-moz-placeholder,form textarea :-moz-
placeholder{color:#57617a}.form input.text ::-moz-placeholder,.form
input[type=email] ::-moz-placeholder,.form input[type=password]
::-moz-placeholder,.form input[type=search] ::-moz-placeholder,.form
input[type=tel] ::-moz-placeholder,.form input[type=text] ::-moz-
placeholder,.form textarea ::-moz-placeholder,form input.text ::-moz-
placeholder,form input[type=email] ::-moz-placeholder,form
input[type=password] ::-moz-placeholder,form input[type=search]
::-moz-placeholder,form input[type=tel] ::-moz-placeholder,form
input[type=text] ::-moz-placeholder,form textarea ::-moz-
placeholder{color:#57617a}.form input.text :-ms-input-
placeholder,.form input[type=email] :-ms-input-placeholder,.form
input[type=password] :-ms-input-placeholder,.form
input[type=search] :-ms-input-placeholder,.form input[type=tel] :-ms-
input-placeholder,.form input[type=text] :-ms-input-placeholder,.form
textarea :-ms-input-placeholder,form input.text :-ms-input-
placeholder,form input[type=email] :-ms-input-placeholder,form
input[type=password] :-ms-input-placeholder,form
input[type=search] :-ms-input-placeholder,form input[type=tel] :-ms-
input-placeholder,form input[type=text] :-ms-input-placeholder,form
textarea :-ms-input-placeholder{color:#57617a}.form
input.text.field_err,.form input[type=email].field_err,.form
input[type=password].field_err,.form
input[type=search].field_err,.form input[type=tel].field_err,.form
input[type=text].field_err,.form textarea.field_err,form
input.text.field_err,form input[type=email].field_err,form
input[type=password].field_err,form input[type=search].field_err,form
input[type=tel].field_err,form input[type=text].field_err,form
textarea.field_err{border-color:#f2736e;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px
#f2736e}.form input.text.default,.form input[type=email].default,.form
input[type=password].default,.form input[type=search].default,.form
input[type=tel].default,.form input[type=text].default,.form
textarea.default,form input.text.default,form
input[type=email].default,form input[type=password].default,form
input[type=search].default,form input[type=tel].default,form
input[type=text].default,form textarea.default{color:#999}.form
input.validate_error,.form textarea.validate_error,form
input.validate_error,form textarea.validate_error{border:1px solid
#f2736e}.form textarea,form
textarea{height:auto}.notification_bar{color:#fff;background-
color:#85878a}.notification_bar.positive{background-
color:#82cc9c}.notification_bar.negative{background-
color:#f2736e}.notification_bar.success{background-
color:#82cc9c}.home_container{background:#fff;box-shadow:0 0 4px
rgba(0,0,0,.1);border-top:1px solid #fff;border-bottom:1px solid
#fff}.home_container .padded_content{padding:0 48px 10px}.ie6
.home_container,.ie7 .home_container,.ie8
.home_container{border:1px solid #ccc}.home_container
.page_header{border-bottom:1px solid #e9edf8;padding:0
48px}.home_container .page_header h1{white-
space:nowrap;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;margin:35px 0
0}.home_container .page_header
h2{background:red}.home_container .page_header
h2:before{content:"use h1 in header please"}.home_container
.notification_bar{padding:15px 48px;margin-
top:1px}.home_container .bottom_menu{zoom:1;padding:15px
48px;border-top:1px solid #e9edf8;margin-top:30px;line-
height:44px}.home_container
.bottom_menu:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}.home_contain
er,.open_container{text-align:left;width:auto;margin:45px
auto}.loader{display:none;vertical-
align:middle;background:url(https://s-
f.scribdassets.com/webpack/assets/images/shared/spinner_30.90f9064b.
gif);width:30px;height:30px}.toolbar_notification{padding:0
45px;background:#57617a;color:#fff;height:64px;line-
height:66px;text-align:center;white-
space:normal}.toolbar_notification .renew_btn{margin-
left:20px}.toolbar_notification.renewal_nag
.renewal_form{display:inline}.scribd_blue_long_logo,.scribd_white_lo
go{width:117px;height:26px}.scribd_logo_badge{height:36px;width:3
6px}.lightbox_overlay,.modal_overlay{z-
index:2999;position:fixed;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;background:rgb
a(0,0,0,.498039)}.visually_hidden{border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0
0);height:1px;width:1px;margin:-
1px;padding:0;overflow:hidden;position:absolute}@media (max-
width:450px){.visually_hidden_on_narrow{border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0
0);height:1px;width:1px;margin:-
1px;padding:0;overflow:hidden;position:absolute}}.interest_pills{font-
size:0;overflow:hidden;padding:0;margin:0}.interest_pills
.interest{display:inline-block;box-sizing:border-box;word-
spacing:normal;background:#fafbfd;font-
size:16px;color:#57617a;padding:3px 15px;border-
radius:5px;border:1px solid #e9edf8;max-width:100%;white-
space:nowrap;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;margin:8px 8px
2px 2px}.interest_pills
.interest:hover{background:#dde4f4}.interest_pills
.interest:active{background:#d9e2f9}.interest_pills li{display:inline-
block;line-height:inherit}.text_btn_alt{color:#a9085e!important;font-
weight:700;font-
size:16px}.text_btn_alt:active,.text_btn_alt:hover{color:#87064b!
important}.text_btn_alt:disabled{color:#57617a!
important}#loading_lb{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-
content:center}#loading_lb .content{border:0}.type_display{font-
size:36px;font-weight:700}@media (max-width:550px)
{.type_display{font-size:34px}}.type_display_body{font-
size:22px;font-weight:400}@media (max-width:550px)
{.type_display_body{font-size:20px}}.type_header1{font-
size:42px;font-weight:700}@media (max-width:550px){.responsive
.type_header1{font-size:32px}}.type_header2{font-size:36px;font-
weight:700}@media (max-width:550px){.responsive
.type_header5{font-size:18px}}.type_title{font-size:18px;font-
weight:700;line-height:1.3}.type_title_small{font-size:16px;font-
weight:700}.type_subtitle{font-size:18px;font-weight:700;font-
style:italic;line-height:1.3}.type_copy{font-size:18px}@media (max-
width:550px){.responsive .type_copy{font-
size:16px}}.type_copy_small{font-size:16px}.type_caption{font-
size:14px}.type_footnote{font-size:12px}.type_caps{font-
weight:700;text-transform:uppercase;letter-
spacing:.06em}.type_quote{font-size:18px;font-
style:italic}.availability_info{display:flex;flex-direction:row;font-
weight:700;font-size:14px;font-weight:600;line-
height:1.3em}.availability_info .icon{line-height:1.3em;margin-
right:5px}.availability_info.is_unavailable{color:#000}.availability_inf
o.is_expiring{color:#57617a}.availability_info.is_available_soon{color
:#3c763d}.new_items_indicator{background-color:#ed8f02;border:1px
solid #e47b01;border-
radius:50%;height:6px;position:absolute;width:6px}.flex_row{display:
flex;flex-direction:row}.flex_col{display:flex;flex-
direction:column}.unstyled_link{color:#1c263d}.global_side_nav
.global_wrapper{padding-left:180px}@media (max-width:700px)
{.global_side_nav .global_wrapper{padding-left:0}}.global_side_nav
#flash_container{position:relative;z-index:31px}@media (min-
width:700px){.global_side_nav #flash_container{margin-
left:180px}}.global_side_nav.no_scroll{overflow:hidden;position:relati
ve}.body_container{margin-
top:3.75em}.body_container.no_header{margin-top:0}@media (min-
width:700px){.body_container.full{margin-top:0}}.unstyled_list{list-
style:none;padding:0;margin:0}.unstyled_list,.unstyled_list li{line-
height:inherit}@font-face{font-family:Sofia Pro;font-weight:400;font-
style:normal;font-display:fallback;src:url(https://s-
f.scribdassets.com/webpack/assets/fonts/sofia_pro/light/sofia_pro_light.
9d72de6b.eot);src:url(https://s-
9d72de6b.eot?#iefix) format("embedded-opentype"),url(https://s-
5ccb7fe0.woff) format("woff"),url(https://s-
1b3fb62f.ttf) format("truetype"),url(https://s-
2cec5f57.svg#sofia_pro_light) format("svg")}@font-face{font-
family:Sofia Pro;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-
display:fallback;src:url(https://s-
f.scribdassets.com/webpack/assets/fonts/sofia_pro/medium/sofia_pro_
medium.0abf642d.eot);src:url(https://s-
medium.0abf642d.eot?#iefix) format("embedded-
opentype"),url(https://s-
medium.e812de53.woff) format("woff"),url(https://s-
medium.e763f8a5.ttf) format("truetype"),url(https://s-
medium.2a829073.svg#sofia_pro_medium) format("svg")}@font-
face{font-family:Sofia Pro;font-weight:200;font-style:normal;font-
f.scribdassets.com/webpack/assets/fonts/sofia_pro/extralight/sofia_pro_
extralight.addee6ed.eot);src:url(https://s-
extralight.addee6ed.eot?#iefix) format("embedded-
extralight.400f145e.woff) format("woff"),url(https://s-
extralight.bfc2fb31.ttf) format("truetype"),url(https://s-
extralight.05cd29d4.svg#sofia_pro_extralight) format("svg")}@font-
face{font-family:Livory;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-
f.scribdassets.com/webpack/assets/fonts/livory/regular/livory_regular.a
5fa5a5a.eot);src:url(https://s-
f.scribdassets.com/webpack/assets/fonts/livory/regular/livory_regular.a
5fa5a5a.eot?#iefix) format("embedded-opentype"),url(https://s-
f.scribdassets.com/webpack/assets/fonts/livory/regular/livory_regular.9
8fd91c9.woff) format("woff"),url(https://s-
f.scribdassets.com/webpack/assets/fonts/livory/regular/livory_regular.d
43ded74.ttf) format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:Livory;font-
weight:400;font-style:italic;font-display:fallback;src:url(https://s-
f.scribdassets.com/webpack/assets/fonts/livory/italic/livory_italic.3715
1bfe.eot);src:url(https://s-
f.scribdassets.com/webpack/assets/fonts/livory/italic/livory_italic.3715
1bfe.eot?#iefix) format("embedded-opentype"),url(https://s-
f.scribdassets.com/webpack/assets/fonts/livory/italic/livory_italic.724ef
dd8.woff) format("woff"),url(https://s-
f.scribdassets.com/webpack/assets/fonts/livory/italic/livory_italic.73dbc
5c8.ttf) format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:Source Sans
Pro;font-display:fallback;font-style:normal;font-
weight:400;src:url(https://s-
f.scribdassets.com/webpack/assets/fonts/source_sans_pro/regular/sourc
e_sans_pro_regular.4efe3ec2.eot);src:url(https://s-
e_sans_pro_regular.4efe3ec2.eot?#iefix) format("embedded-
e_sans_pro_regular.1a5fb71a.svg#sourcesanspro)
format("svg"),url(https://s-
e_sans_pro_regular.457ed42e.woff) format("woff"),url(https://s-
e_sans_pro_regular.73ae3a58.ttf) format("truetype")}@font-face{font-
family:Source Sans Pro;font-display:fallback;font-style:italic;font-
f.scribdassets.com/webpack/assets/fonts/source_sans_pro/italic/source_
sans_pro_italic.e417b7e8.eot);src:url(https://s-
sans_pro_italic.e417b7e8.eot?#iefix) format("embedded-
sans_pro_italic.91952dc7.svg#sourcesanspro)
sans_pro_italic.252e5612.woff) format("woff"),url(https://s-
sans_pro_italic.2012918f.ttf) format("truetype")}@font-face{font-
family:Source Sans Pro;font-display:fallback;font-style:normal;font-
f.scribdassets.com/webpack/assets/fonts/source_sans_pro/semibold/sou
rce_sans_pro_semibold.f3ce76cc.eot);src:url(https://s-
rce_sans_pro_semibold.f3ce76cc.eot?#iefix) format("embedded-
rce_sans_pro_semibold.5c5262db.svg#sourcesanspro)
rce_sans_pro_semibold.ca68ab24.woff) format("woff"),url(https://s-
rce_sans_pro_semibold.1f6134fb.ttf) format("truetype")}@font-
face{font-family:Source Sans Pro;font-display:fallback;font-
style:italic;font-weight:700;src:url(https://s-
f.scribdassets.com/webpack/assets/fonts/source_sans_pro/semibold_ital
ic/source_sans_pro_semibold_italic.e79c8f67.eot);src:url(https://s-
ic/source_sans_pro_semibold_italic.e79c8f67.eot?#iefix)
format("embedded-opentype"),url(https://s-
ic/source_sans_pro_semibold_italic.7786736a.svg#sourcesanspro)
ic/source_sans_pro_semibold_italic.a5be0628.woff)
format("woff"),url(https://s-
ic/source_sans_pro_semibold_italic.502ff88d.ttf)
format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:Source Sans Pro;font-
display:fallback;font-style:normal;font-weight:200;src:url(https://s-
f.scribdassets.com/webpack/assets/fonts/source_sans_pro/light/source_
sans_pro_light.8dee00a8.eot);src:url(https://s-
sans_pro_light.8dee00a8.eot?#iefix) format("embedded-
sans_pro_light.f374d082.woff2) format("woff2"),url(https://s-
sans_pro_light.57b9c430.woff) format("woff"),url(https://s-
sans_pro_light.8cb6c5e7.ttf) format("truetype"),url(https://s-
sans_pro_light.17c38f1f.svg#SourceSansPro) format("svg")}@font-
face{font-family:Source Sans Pro;font-style:normal;font-
weight:800;font-display:fallback;src:url(https://s-
f.scribdassets.com/webpack/assets/fonts/source_sans_pro/bold/source_s
ans_pro_bold.95e99b9f.eot);src:url(https://s-
ans_pro_bold.95e99b9f.eot?#iefix) format("embedded-
ans_pro_bold.05c98ea7.woff2) format("woff2"),url(https://s-
ans_pro_bold.23321710.woff) format("woff"),url(https://s-
ans_pro_bold.d22d7cde.ttf) format("truetype"),url(https://s-
ans_pro_bold.05a2891f.svg#SourceSansPro) format("svg")}
</style><script type="text/javascript">
!function(){if('PerformanceLongTaskTiming' in window){var
g=window.__tti={e:[]};g.o=new PerformanceObserver(function(l)
{g.e=g.e.concat(l.getEntries())});g.o.observe({entryTypes:
['longtask']})}}();
</script>
<script>
var c_matches = navigator.userAgent.match(/Chrome\/(\d+)/)
var ff_matches = navigator.userAgent.match(/Firefox\/(\d+)/)
var polyfill = /Trident|MSIE/.test(navigator.userAgent) || (c_matches
&& c_matches[1] < 51) || (ff_matches && ff_matches[1] < 54)
if (polyfill) {
var polyfill_script = document.createElement("script");
polyfill_script.src = "https://s-
f.scribdassets.com/webpack/doc_page/polyfill.0e7b06f44ed619f81b23.j
s";
document.write(polyfill_script.outerHTML);
}
</script>
<title>Introduction To Chemical Engineering</title><meta http-
equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8"><meta http-
equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><meta
property="og:site_name" content="Scribd"><meta property="og:title"
content="Introduction To Chemical Engineering"><meta
property="fb:app_id" content="136494494209"><meta name="yandex-
verification" content="0ed66f497fbf9765"><meta name="naver-site-
verification"
content="8a1986b0a4079515076ba34125d27de19b41887c"><meta
name="google-site-verification"
content="GynhMUSITpW_pWiKif7wsGGlMOFA2TYQKkvOAqu-
qiM"><meta name="google-signin-client_id" content="491264573595-
hs5hu9ijbfl9g6khnkn2retrfr6lcua7.apps.googleusercontent.com"><met
a name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-
scale=1,minimum-scale=1.0"><meta name="description"
content="Introduction To Chemical Engineering - Free ebook
download as PDF File (.pdf) or read book online for free. By Salil K
Ghoshal, Shyamal K Sanyal, Siddhartha Datta."><link rel="image_src"
href="https://imgv2-2-
f.scribdassets.com/img/document/393765199/original/f01a00a661/1601
775886?v=1"><meta property="og:type" content="scribd-
com:document"><meta property="og:url"
content="https://www.scribd.com/document/393765199/Introduction-
To-Chemical-Engineering"><meta property="og:title"
property="og:description" content="By Salil K Ghoshal, Shyamal K
Sanyal, Siddhartha Datta."><meta property="og:image"
content="https://imgv2-2-
775886?v=1"><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary"><meta
name="twitter:url"
content="https://www.scribd.com/document/393765199/Introduction-
To-Chemical-Engineering"><meta name="twitter:title"
name="twitter:description" content="By Salil K Ghoshal, Shyamal K
Sanyal, Siddhartha Datta."><meta name="twitter:image"
content="https://imgv2-2-
775886?v=1"><meta name="twitter:site" content="@Scribd"><meta
name="twitter:site:id" content="14167997"><link rel="alternate"
hreflang="x-default"
href="https://www.scribd.com/document/393765199/Introduction-To-
Chemical-Engineering"><link rel="alternate" hreflang="en"
Chemical-Engineering"><link rel="alternate" hreflang="es"
href="https://es.scribd.com/document/393765199/Introduction-To-
Chemical-Engineering"><link rel="alternate" hreflang="pt"
href="https://pt.scribd.com/document/393765199/Introduction-To-
Chemical-Engineering"><link rel="alternate" hreflang="fr"
href="https://fr.scribd.com/document/393765199/Introduction-To-
Chemical-Engineering"><link rel="alternate" hreflang="id"
href="https://id.scribd.com/document/393765199/Introduction-To-
Chemical-Engineering"><link rel="alternate" hreflang="de"
href="https://de.scribd.com/document/393765199/Introduction-To-
Chemical-Engineering"><link rel="alternate" hreflang="it"
href="https://it.scribd.com/document/393765199/Introduction-To-
Chemical-Engineering"><link rel="alternate" hreflang="ru"
href="https://ru.scribd.com/document/393765199/Introduction-To-
Chemical-Engineering"><link rel="alternate" hreflang="ro"
href="https://ro.scribd.com/document/393765199/Introduction-To-
Chemical-Engineering"><link rel="icon"
href="https://www.scribd.com/favicon.ico?v=4" type="image/x-
icon"><link rel="search"
href="https://www.scribd.com/opensearch.xml"
type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" title="Search
Scribd"><script
type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":
"CreativeWork","additionalType":"Product","name":"Introduction To
Chemical Engineering","image":["https://imgv2-1-
f.scribdassets.com/img/document/393765199/149x198/2153e19d7b/15
99075842?v=1","https://imgv2-1-
f.scribdassets.com/img/document/393765199/298x396/d5eec5a975/159
9075842?v=1"],"aggregateRating":
{"@type":"AggregateRating","ratingValue":2.5,"ratingCount":5},"isAc
cessibleForFree":"False","hasPart":
{"@type":"WebPageElement","isAccessibleForFree":"False","cssSelec
tor":".blurred_page"}}</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://s-
f.scribdassets.com/webpack/doc_page/app.6e45b75ccd1964b76e0e.css"
type="text/css"><link rel="preload" href="https://s-
f.scribdassets.com/webpack/doc_page/vendors_app.80dd48355453c770
a600.js" as="script"><link rel="preload" href="https://s-
f.scribdassets.com/webpack/doc_page/app.2ffaf122690deb2ee1c3.js"
as="script"><link rel="canonical"
Chemical-Engineering"><script type="application/javascript">
window._translations = {"en-US":{"translation":{"account_settings":
{"show":{"restart_membership":"Restart membership"}},"app":
{"components":{"BundlesPage":{"StaticStars":{"StaticStars":
{}}}},"helpers":{"category_icons_helper":
{"audiobooks":"Audiobooks","books":"Books","documents":"Docume
nts","magazines":"Magazines","news":"News","sheet_music":"Sheet
Music","snapshots":"Snapshots"}}},"chrome":{"flash":
{"close_notification":"Close
notification","error":"Error","notice":"Notice","success":"Success"},"fo
oter":{"about":"About","about_scribd":"About
Scribd","accessibility":"Accessibility","back_to_top":"Back To
Top","contact_us":"Contact
Us","copyright":"Copyright","footer_menu":"Footer
Menu","gifts":"Gifts","help_faq":"Help / FAQ","invite_friends":"Invite
Friends","join_our_team":"Join our team!","join_today":"Join
today","legal":"Legal","our_blog":"Our
blog","press":"Press","privacy":"Privacy","publishers":"Publishers","pu
rchase_help":"Purchase help","scribd_-
_download_on_the_app":"Scribd - Download on the App
Store","scribd_-_get_it_on_google":"Scribd - Get it on Google
Play","social_media":"Social
Media","support":"Support","terms":"Terms"},"footer_links":
{"browse_books":"Browse
Books","copyright_copy_time_now_year_scribd_inc_html":"Copyright
\u0026copy; {{time_now_year}} Scribd Inc.","site_directory":"Site
Directory","site_language":"Site Language:"},"renewal_nag":
{"click_here_to_become_a_member":"Click here to become a
member","click_here_to_renew_it":"Click here to renew
it","click_here_to_resume_it":"Click here to resume
it","click_here_to_update_it":"Click here to update
it","resume_membership":"Resume
membership","update_now":"Update Now","update_payment":"Update
Payment","you_canceled_your_free_trial":"You canceled your free
trial.","your_account_is_at_risk":"Your account is at risk. Update your
payment information immediately to avoid losing access to your
subscription.","your_credit_card_information_is_invalid_":"Your
credit card information is
invalid.","your_membership_is_on_hold":"Your membership is on hold
because of a problem with your last
payment.","your_membership_is_paused_until_paused_until_date":"Y
our membership is paused until
{{paused_until_date}}.","your_payment_is_overdue":"Your payment
is overdue. Fix your billing information to ensure continuous
service.","your_paypal_information_is_invalid":"Your Paypal
information is
invalid.","your_scribd_gift_membership_has_ended":"Your Scribd gift
membership has
ended.","your_scribd_membership_has_expired":"Your Scribd
membership has
expired.","your_scribd_membership_was_canceled":"Your Scribd
membership was canceled."},"social_buttons":{"scribd_blog":"Scribd
Blog","scribd_on_facebook":"Scribd on
Facebook","scribd_on_pinterest":"Scribd on
Pinterest","scribd_on_twitter":"Scribd on Twitter"},"user_menu":
{"document_stats":"Document Stats","join":"Join","sign_in":"Sign
In","upload":"Upload"}},"content_types":
{"audiobooks":"Audiobooks","books":"Books","documents":"Docume
nts"},"doc_page":{"account_creation":
{"to_continue_reading_please_sign_in":"To continue reading, please
sign in","trial_duration":{"access_document_free_days":"Access this
document and millions more. Free for {{trialDuration}} days. Cancel
anytime."}},"app_promo_interstitial":{"continue_for_free":"Continue
For Free","trial_duration":{"unlock_full_access_to_the":"Unlock full
access to the world’s largest digital library with a {{trialDuration}} day
free trial."},"upload_your_documents_or_subscribe":"Upload your
documents or become a Scribd member to unlock full
access."},"between_page_interstitial":
{"title_copy_subscribe_only_trial_duration":"Unlock full access (pages
{{startPage}}-{{endPage}}) with a {{trialDuration}} Day Free
Trial","unlock_full_access":{"page_number_trial_duration":"Unlock
full access (page {{props_currentrange}}) by uploading documents or
with a {{trialDuration}} Day Free
Trial"},"upload_or_subscribe_pages":"Upload your documents or
become a Scribd member to unlock full access (pages {{startPage}}-
{{endPage}})."},"between_page_upsell":{"trial_duration":
{"try_scribd_strong_free_for":"Try Scribd
\u003cstrong\u003eFREE\u003c/strong\u003e for {{trialDuration}}
days to access over 125 million titles without ads or
interruptions!"}},"between_pages":{"referral_banner":
{"get_30_free_days_when_you_invite_friends":"Get 30 days of free
Scribd membership when you invite your
friends.","invite_friends":"Invite
Friends","invite_friends_to_join_scribd":"Invite friends to join
Scribd","know_someone_else_who_could_use_doc_gift_60_free_days
":"Know someone else who could use this document? Gift them 60
days of free Scribd membership.","read_free_30_days":"Read free for
30 days.","share_knowledge_with_friends":"Share knowledge with
friends."}},"blur_promo":
{"become_member_for_full_access":"Become a Scribd member for
full access.","trial_duration":{"start_your_trial":"Start Your
{{trialDuration}} Day FREE Trial"}},"day_zero_lightbox":
{"browse":"Browse our most popular topics:","did_you_know":"Did
you know that you can read full-length books on
Scribd?","included_in_subscription":"Included in your subscription at
no additional cost!"},"exit_modal":{"browse_related_categories":"Or
browse related categories","enjoy_popular_books_more":"Enjoy
popular books, audiobooks, documents, and
more.","learn_more_about_scribd":"Learn more about
Scribd","looking_something_else_explore_popular_titles":"Looking for
something else? Explore popular
titles.","looking_something_else_explore_related_titles":"Looking for
something else? Explore related
titles.","more_for_you_to_explore":"Scribd has more for you to
explore","related_searches":"Related
searches","related_searches_colon":"Related
searches:","search_for_similar":"Search for something
similar","search_millions_documents_more":"Search millions of
documents, books, audiobooks, and
more","suggestions_explore_popular_titles":"Looking for suggestions?
Explore popular titles.","suggestions_explore_related_titles":"Looking
for suggestions? Explore related
titles."},"fixed_viewport_bottom_components":
{"check_out_these_free_titles":"Check out these free
titles"},"flag_document":{"flag_for_inappropriate_content":"Flag for
Inappropriate Content"},"flash":{"rating_not_saved_try_again":"Rating
not saved, please try again"},"incentivized_upload":
{"to_access_this_document_trial_duration":"To access this document,
upload one of yours, or subscribe with a {{trialDuration}} day free
trial. Cancel
anytime.","to_access_this_document_trial_duration_plural":"To access
this document, upload {{count}} of yours, or subscribe with a
{{trialDuration}} day free trial. Cancel anytime."},"mobile_metadata":
{"collapse_full_title":"Hide full
title","collapse_text":"Less","expand_full_title":"Show full
title","expand_text":"More","visually_hidden_collapse_text":"Show
less description","visually_hidden_expand_text":"Show more
description"},"modals":{"go_to_survey":{"start_survey":"Start
Survey"}},"page":
{"preferred_language_set_to_url_params_language_settings_changed":
"Preferred language set to
{{url_params_language_settings_changed}}"},"ratings":
{"mark_as_not_useful":"Mark this document as not
useful","mark_as_useful":"Mark this document as
useful","no_ratings":"0 ratings","num_votes":"({{count, locale}}
vote)","num_votes_plural":"({{count, locale}}
votes)","page_count":"{{count, locale}}
page","page_count_plural":"{{count, locale}}
pages","percent_found_document_not_useful":"{{percentage}}%
found this document not
useful","percent_found_document_useful":"{{percentage}}% found
this document useful","press_again_undo":"Press again to
undo.","sign_up_to_rate_this_title":"Sign up to rate this
title","you_marked_as_useful":"You marked this document as
useful","you_marked_not_useful":"You marked this document as not
useful"},"shared":{"components":{"modals":{"download":
{"download_as":"Download as:"}}}},"sharing_buttons":
{"link_copied_private_document":"Link Copied! \u003cspan
class=\"link_copied_private_doc\"\u003eNote: Sharing a public link to
a document marked private will allow others to view
it.\u003c/span\u003e","not_supported_for_private_documents":"This
feature is not supported for private documents. If you want to share,
select Copy Link, and send the link to others."},"truncate_promo":
{"read_and_download_full_documents":"Subscribers can read and
download full documents.","restart_membership":"Restart
membership","trial_duration":{"scribd_members_can_read":"Scribd
members can read and download full documents. Your first
{{trialDuration}} days are
free!"},"unlock_full_access_when_subscribe":"Unlock full access
when you subscribe"},"upload_banner":{"copy":"Get this download for
free with an upload. Learn more below.","copy_plural":"Get this
download for free with {{count}} uploads. Learn more
below."}},"get_app_modal":{"link_sent_email":"Link sent! Please
check your email."},"helpers":{"document_meta_tags":
{"scribd_is_the_world_s_largest_social":"Scribd is the world's largest
social reading and publishing site."}},"landing_pages":{"price_offer":
{"unlimited_terms_html":"*Access an unlimited number of full length
books, audiobooks, and other content. Restrictions on some titles may
apply, see \u003ca
href=\"{{termsUrl}}\"\u003eterms\u003c/a\u003e."}},"lib":
{"lightbox":{"close_dialog":"Close Dialog"}},"mobile":{"apps":
{"kindlefire":{}}},"my":{},"pdfs":{"doc_search":
{"close_search":"close search","page":"page"},"lightboxes":
{"download_lightbox":{"download_document":"Download
document","resume_membership":"Resume
Membership","resuming":"Resuming","your_membership_is_currently
_paused_until":"Your membership is currently paused until
{{state_nag_next_payment_due}}. Would you like to resume your
membership now to download"},"embed_lightbox":
{"autosize":"Autosize","beginning_of_document":"Beginning of
document","copy_link":"Copy Link","current_page":"Current
page","custom":"Custom","customization_options_available_below":"
Customization options available
below","embed":"Embed","embed_this_in_your_website":"Embed this
in your
website","format":"Format","fullscreen":"Fullscreen","generate_a_link
":"Generate a Link","height":"Height:
","html":"HTML","link_options":"Link Options","link_to_the":"Link
to
the","options":"Options","preview":"Preview","scroll":"Scroll","size":"
Size","slideshow":"Slideshow","start_at_page":"Start at
page:","style":"Style:","sup_sup_the_code_will_be_updated":"\u003cs
up\u003e*\u003c/sup\u003e The code will be updated based on your
changes.","width":"Width:
","wordpress":"Wordpress"},"flag_doc_lightbox":
{"cancel":"Cancel","if_you_are_the_copyright_owner_html":"If you
are the copyright owner of this document and want to report it, please
visit the \u003ca
href='{{faq_urls_copyright_infringement}}'\u003ecopyright
infringement notice\u003c/a\u003e page to submit a
report.","please_tell_us_reason_s_for_reporting":"Please tell us
reason(s) for reporting this
document","submit":"Submit"},"print_lightbox":
{"cancel":"Cancel","download_and_print":"Download and
print","in_order_to_print_this_document_":"In order to print this
document from Scribd, you'll first need to download
it.","print_document":"Print document"}},"redesign_elements":
{"actions":
{"embed":"Embed","print":"Print","share":"Share"},"metadata_section
":{"full_description":"Full description","related_titles":"Related
titles"},"more_info_module":{"document_information":"Document
Information"}},"show":{"related_interests":"Related
Interests","sign_in_to_flag_this_title":"Sign in to flag this
title","you_re_reading_a_preview":"You're Reading a
Preview"},"sidebar":{"available_formats":"Available
Formats","click_to_collapse_document_information":"click to collapse
document
information","click_to_expand_document_information":"click to
expand document
information","copyright":"Copyright:","copyright_no_colon":"Copyrig
ht","description":"Description:","description_no_colon":"Description",
"document_useful_message":"Did you find this document
useful?","download_or_read_formats":"{{extensions}} or read online
from Scribd","is_this_inappropriate_content":"Is this content
inappropriate?","isbn":"ISBN:","isbn_no_colon":"ISBN","report_this_
document":"Report this
Document","share_or_embed_document":"Share or Embed
Document","strong_download_strong_as_available_extensions_map_u
pcase_join_or_read_online":"\u003cstrong\u003eDownload\u003c/stro
ng\u003e as {{available_extensions_map_upcase_join}} or read online
from Scribd","uploaded_by":"Uploaded by","view_more":"View
More","written_by":"Written by"},"toolbar":{"exit_fullscreen":"Exit
fullscreen","fullscreen":"Fullscreen","of_numberformat_props_docume
nt_total_pages":"of
{{numberformat_props_document_total_pages}}","search_document":
"Search
document","showing_strong_1_strong_result_for_query":"Showing
\u003cstrong\u003e1\u003c/strong\u003e result
for","showing_strong_num_results_strong_results_for_query":"Showin
g \u003cstrong\u003e{{num_results}}\u003c/strong\u003e results
for","you_are_on_page_props_current_page":"You are on page
{{props_current_page}}","zoom_in":"Zoom in","zoom_out":"Zoom
out"},"upvote":{"not_useful":"Not
useful","sign_up_to_vote_on_this":"Sign up to vote on this
title","this_document_is":"This document
is...","useful":"Useful"}},"plans_page":{"competitor_matrix":
{"audiobooks_from_major_publishers":"Audiobooks from major
publishers","books":"Books","magazines_and_news":"Magazines
\u0026 news","price_per_month":"Price per
month","sheet_music":"Sheet music","unlimited_access":"Unlimited
access"}},"receipt":{"download":
{"choose_document_format_type":"Choose document format
type:","document":"Document","download_iframe":"Download
iframe","downloading":"Downloading","retry_download":"Retry
download","view_in_saved_list":"View in your Saved list"}},"search":
{"input":{"show":{"no_search_results":"No search
results.","props_items_length_result_s_are_available_use_up":"{{prop
s_items_length}} result(s) are available, use up and down arrow keys to
navigate.","search":"Search"}}},"shared":{"account_creation":
{"already_have_an_account":"Already have an
account?","back_to_sign_in":"Back to Sign
In","creating_your_account":"Creating your
account...","disclaimer":"By signing up with Scribd, you agree to our
\u003ca href=\"{{terms_href}}\" target=\"_blank\"
tabIndex=\"0\"\u003eTerms of Service
{{opens_in_new_window}}\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca
href=\"{{privacy_href}}\" target=\"_blank\"
tabIndex=\"0\"\u003ePrivacy Policy
{{opens_in_new_window}}\u003c/a\u003e","errors":
{"connection_successful_no_email":"We've successfully connected
your {{account_type}} account but didn't get your email. Please
provide your email so we can finish setting up your
account.","email_registered":"This email address is already registered
with Scribd. Please enter your password to sign
in.","email_taken":"That email is taken by another user, please try
again.","invalid_character_in_name_please_remove":"Invalid character
in name. Please remove any special
characters","please_enter_a_name":"Please enter a
name","please_enter_a_password_that_is":"Please enter a password
that is at least 6 characters","please_enter_a_valid_email":"Please enter
a valid email","that_doesn_t_appear_to_be_a":"That doesn't appear to
be a valid email address. Please try again."},"facebook":
{"error":"Sorry, we are unable to log you in via Facebook at this
time.","sign_in":"Continue with Facebook","sign_up":"Sign Up with
Facebook"},"forgot":{"enter_email":"Enter your email address and
we'll send you an email with a link to reset your
password.","weve_sent_email_html":"We've sent an email to
\u003cstrong\u003e{{escape_validated_email}}\u003c/strong\u003e
with instructions to reset your password. If it doesn't show up soon,
check your spam folder and then read this \u003ca
href=\"https://support.scribd.com/hc/articles/210134406-What-do-I-do-
if-I-ve-lost-or-forgotten-my-password-\"\u003eHelp Center
article\u003c/a\u003e."},"forgot_password":"Forgot
password?","google":{"error":"Google sign in
failed","sign_in":"Continue with Google","sign_up":"Sign Up with
Google"},"logging_you_in":"Logging you in...","not_you":"Not
you?","now_bringing_you_back":"Now bringing you
back...","one_more_thing":"One more
thing...","people_browsing_scribd_html":"\u003cspan\u003e{{count,
locale}} person\u003c/span\u003e browsing Scribd right
now","people_browsing_scribd_html_plural":"\u003cspan\u003e{{cou
nt, locale}} people\u003c/span\u003e browsing Scribd right
now","recaptcha_disclaimer":"This site is protected by reCAPTCHA
and the Google \u003ca href=\"{{privacy_href}}\"
target=\"_blank\"\u003ePrivacy Policy
{{opens_in_new_window}}\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca
href=\"{{policy_href}}\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eTerms of Service
{{opens_in_new_window}}\u003c/a\u003e
apply.","remember_me":"Remember me","reset_password":"Reset
Password","send_me_updates_from_scribd":"Send me updates from
Scribd","sign_in":"Sign In","sign_in_successful":"Sign In
Successful","sign_in_to_scribd":"Sign In to
Scribd","sign_in_with_email":"Sign In with Email","sign_up":"Sign
Up","sign_up_or_sign_in":"Sign Up or Sign
In","sign_up_successful":"Sign Up
Successful","sign_up_with_email":"Sign Up with
Email","use_another_email_address":"Use another email
address"},"carousels":{"carousel_next":"Carousel
Next","carousel_previous":"Carousel Previous","skip_carousel":"Skip
carousel"},"common":{"back":"Back","close_dialog":"Close
Dialog","email_address":"Email Address","errors":
{"could_not_complete_request":"We couldn't complete your
request","please_try_again_later":"Please try again later."},"forms":
{"at_least_6_characters":"(at least 6
characters)","email":"Email","error":"Error","invalid":"Invalid","name"
:"Name","password":"Password","please_enter_an_email":"Please
enter an
email","required":"(required)"},"hide":"Hide","new_to_scribd":"New
to Scribd?","opens_in_a_new_window":"opens in a new
window","or":"or","send_email":"Send
Email","show":"Show","success_exclamation":"Success!","welcome_b
ack":"Welcome back","welcome_back_exclamation":"Welcome
back!","worlds_largest_digital_library":"The World’s Largest Digital
Library","worlds_fascinating_library":"The world's most fascinating
library"},"competitor_matrix":
{"no":"No","scribd_vs_other_subscriptions_html":"\u003cstrong\u003e
Scribd\u003c/strong\u003e vs. other
subscriptions","subscription_fee_per_month":"Subscription fee per
month","unlimited_audiobooks_from_major_publishers":"Unlimited
audiobooks from major publishers","unlimited_books":"Unlimited*
books","unlimited_magazines_and_news":"Unlimited magazines
\u0026 news","yes":"Yes"},"doc_download_modal":
{"check_out_these":"Check out these other great
titles","download_as":"Download
as:","download_document":"Download
document","download_started":"Your download has
started"},"doc_preview":{"views":"{{formatted_views}}
views"},"get_app_modal":{"enter_your_email":"Enter your
email","enter_your_phone_or_email":"Enter your phone or
email","get_the_app_to_read_and_listen":"Get the app to read and
listen anytime,
anywhere.","link_sent_please_check_your_mobile":"Link sent! Please
check your mobile device","listen_offline_with_app":"Listen offline
with the app","phone_or_email":"Phone or
email","read_offline_with_app":"Read offline with the
app","send":"Send"},"join":{"become_a_member":"Become a
member"},"login":{"join_lightbox":
{"email":"Email","we_couldn_t_complete_your_request":"We couldn't
complete your request"}},"mobile_bottom_navigation_tabs":
{"active":", active","home":"Home","quick_navigation":"Quick
navigation"},"navigation":{"enterprise_page":"Scribd for
Enterprise","header":{"header":
{"upload":"Upload","upload_a_document":"Upload a
document"}},"sidebar":
{"bestsellers":"Bestsellers","hi_this_props_username":"Hi
{{this_props_username}}!","home":"Home","saved":"Saved","selected
":", selected","sign_in":"Sign
In","upload":"Upload","your_profile":"Your profile"},"social_proof":
{"cancel_anytime":"Cancel anytime.","discover_everything":"Discover
everything Scribd has to offer, including books and audiobooks from
major publishers.","much_more_than_documents":"Much more than
documents.","start_free_trial":"Start Free Trial"}},"promos":
{"bundle_promo":{"module":{}},"get_app_modal":{"module":
{"an_error_occurred_please_try_again":"An error occurred please try
again","an_error_occurred_please_try_an":"An error occurred please
try an email","please_enter_a_valid_email":"Please enter a valid
email","please_enter_a_valid_phone_number":"Please enter a valid
phone number or
email","please_enter_a_valid_phone_number_":"Please enter a valid
phone number"}}},"react":{"forms":{"text_area":
{"invalid":"Invalid,"},"text_input":
{"error":"Error","required":"(required)"},"textarea":{}},"modals":
{"delete_item_in_list":
{"cancel":"Cancel","delete":"Delete","do_not_ask_me_again":"Do not
ask me again","removing_from_saved_will_also_delete":"Removing
from Saved will also delete the title from your
lists.","this_title_is_also_in_a":"This title is also in a
list."}},"save_button":{"failed_to_remove_title":"Failed to remove
title","failed_to_save_title":"Failed to save
title","remove_short_title_from_saved":"Remove {{short_title}} from
Saved","save_short_title_for_later":"Save {{short_title}} For
Later","sign_up_to_save":"Sign up to save this
title"},"sharing_buttons":
{"check_out_props_share_title_on_scribd":"Check out
{{props_share_title}} on
Scribd","i_m_reading_props_document_collection_name_on_scribd_pr
ops_document_collection_url":"I’m reading
{{props_document_collection_name}} on Scribd:
{{props_document_collection_url}}","read_props_document_collectio
n_name_on_scribd":"Read {{props_document_collection_name}} on
Scribd","share_on_facebook":"Share on
Facebook","share_on_facebook_opens_a_new":"Share on Facebook,
opens a new window","share_on_linkedin":"Share on
LinkedIn","share_on_linkedin_opens_a_new":"Share on LinkedIn,
opens a new window","share_on_pinterest":"Share on
Pinterest","share_on_pinterest_opens_a_new":"Share on Pinterest,
opens a new window","share_on_twitter":"Share on
Twitter","share_on_twitter_opens_a_new":"Share on Twitter, opens a
new window","share_with_email":"Share with
Email","share_with_email_opens_mail_client":"Share with Email,
opens mail client","sharing_options":"Sharing
Options"}},"reading_progress":{"base":
{"we_ve_moved_you_to_where_you":"We've moved you to where you
read on your {{progress_device_name}}"}},"save_button":
{"save":"Save","saved":"Saved"},"sharing_buttons":
{"hi_there_document_action_and_thought_you":"Hi there,
{{document_action}} and thought you might like it.
{{document_title}} by
{{document_author_or_publisher_name_or_login}} {{doc_url}}
Scribd gives you monthly access to books, audiobooks, and more - for
less than the cost of a paperback. Join today and
{{trial_cta_downcase}}. Find out more at:
http://www.scribd.com/","i_m_reading_document_title_on_suffix":"I’
m reading {{document_title}} on {{suffix}}"},"star_ratings":
{"clear_rating":"Clear Rating","i_didnt_like_it_at_all":"I didn't like it
at all","i_didnt_like_it_that_much":"I didn't like it that
much","i_liked_it":"I liked it","i_loved_it":"I loved
it","i_thought_it_was_ok":"I thought it was
OK","rate_as_rating_out_of_5":"Rate as {{value}} out of
5","rating_rating_to_display_out_of_5_stars":"Rating:
{{ratingToDisplay}} out of 5
stars","saved":"Saved!","selected":"(selected)","user_rating_star_rating
_saved":"{{userRating}} star rating saved"},"text_links":
{"all_categories":"All
categories","view_all_categories_in_category":"View all categories in
{{category}}","view_fewer":"View fewer"},"trial_duration":
{"first_days_free":"Your first {{trialDuration}} days are
free.","read_free_days":"Read free for {{trialDuration}}
days","upload_for_free_days":"Unlock full access (pages
{{startPage}}-{{endPage}}) by uploading documents or with a
{{trialDuration}} day free trial"},"user_menu":{"menu":
{"account_settings":"Account
Settings","close_user_settings_menu":"Close user settings
menu","document_uploads":"Document
Uploads","help":"Help","hi_this_props_user_name":"Hi
{{this_props_user_name}}","invite_friends":"Invite
Friends","options":"Options","public_profile":"Public
Profile","read_for_free":"Read for Free","sign_out":"Sign
Out","upload_a_document":"Upload a
Document"}}},"subscribe_banner":
{"books_audiobooks_and_more":"Books, audiobooks, and
more.","completely_ad_free":"Completely ad-
free.","exclusive_offer":"EXCLUSIVE OFFER","read_offline":"Read
offline.","save_your_favorites":"Save your
favorites.","try_scribd_for_free":"Try Scribd for
Free","unlimited_reading":"Unlimited* reading."},"webpack":
{"doc_page":{"src":{"App":{"Page":{"BetweenPageInterstitial":
{"BetweenPageInterstitial":{"continue_for_free":"Continue for
Free","you_re_reading_a_preview":"You're reading a
preview"}},"BetweenPageUpsell":{"BetweenPageUpsell":
{"cancel_anytime":"Cancel Anytime.","start_free_trial":"Start Free
Trial"}},"BetweenPageUserRating":{"BetweenPageUserRating":
{"dismiss_user_rating_prompt":"Dismiss user rating
prompt","improve_your_experience":"Improve Your
Experience","rating_will_help_us_to_suggest":"Rating will help us to
suggest even better related documents to all of our
readers!"}},"BlurPromo":{"BlurPromo":
{"become_a_scribd_member_to_read":"Become a Scribd member to
read and download full documents.","cancel_anytime":"Cancel
anytime","continue_for_free":"Continue for
Free","continue_reading_with_trial":"Continue Reading with
Trial","or":"Or","update_payment":"Update
Payment","update_payment_for_full_access":"Update payment for full
access.","upload_to_download":"Upload to
Download","upload_your_documents_to_download":"Upload your
documents to download."}},"Body":{"Body":
{"share_this_document":"Share this document"},"Document":
{"mappings":{"thank_you_for_your_rating":"Thank you for your
rating!"}},"FixedViewportBottomComponents":{"CollapseButton":
{"CollapseButton":{"click_to_collapse_related_titles":"Click to
collapse Related Titles","click_to_expand_related_titles":"Click to
expand Related Titles"}},"ViewInStorePromo":{"ViewInStorePromo":
{"get_our_free_app":"Get our free
app","get_scribd_for_your_mobile_device":"Get Scribd for your
mobile device."}}},"Metadata":{"Extra":{"Extra":
{"original_title":"Original Title:","original_title_no_colon":"Original
Title"}}},"ShareRow":{"SharingButtons":{"mappings":
{"link_copied":"Link copied!"}}},"SharingButtonsList":
{"SharingButtonsList":{"copy_link":"Copy
Link","share_on_facebook":"Share on
Facebook","share_on_linkedin":"Share on
LinkedIn","share_on_pinterest":"Share On
Pinterest","share_on_twitter":"Share on
Twitter","share_via_email":"Share via Email"}},"StaticPromoStudy":
{"StaticPromoStudy":{"anytime_anywhere_any_device":"Anytime.
Anywhere. Any device.","cancel_anytime":"Cancel
Anytime","everything_you_want_to_read":"Everything you want to
read.","no_commitment_cancel_anytime":"No Commitment. Cancel
anytime.","read_for_free":"Read For
Free","reward_your_curiosity":"Reward Your Curiosity"}},"Toolbar":
{"Toolbar":{"jump_to_page":"Jump to Page"}},"TruncatePromo":
{"TruncatePromo":{"continue_reading_with_trial":"Continue Reading
with Trial"},"helpers":{"constants":
{"unlock_the_full_document_with_a":"Unlock the full document with
a free trial!"}}}},"annotations":{"AnnotationPopover":
{"AnnotationPopover":{"add_note":"Add
Note","annotation_text_page_annotation_page_nread_more":"\"{{anno
tation_text}}…\" (page {{annotation_page}})\\nRead
more:","delete":"Delete","highlight":"Highlight","share_quote":"Share
Quote"}},"NoteEditor":{"NoteEditor":{"add_note":"Add
Note","cancel":"Cancel","delete_note":"Delete
note","note":"Note","note_note_group_notes_indexof_active_note_id_
1_of_note_group_notes_length":"Note
{{note_group_notes_indexof_active_note_id_1}} of
{{note_group_notes_length}}","save":"Save","write_a_note":"Write a
note…"}}},"explain_scribd_test_copy":
{"trusted_by_over_1_million_members":"Trusted by over 1 million
members"},"modals":{"AppPromoInterstitial":
{"AppPromoInterstitial":
{"continue_reading_with_free_trial":"Continue Reading with Free
Trial","get_instant_access_to_this_document":"Get instant access to
this document","opens_scribd_app":", opens Scribd
app","or":"OR","read_free_in_the_app":"Read Free in the
App","sign_up_to_download":", sign up to download"}},"Description":
{"Description":{"document_information":"Document
Information"}},"LanguagePicker":{"LanguagePicker":
{"cancel":"Cancel","language_options":"Language
Options","save":"Save","select_your_preferred_language":"Select your
preferred
language","we_ll_translate_site_navigation_and_tailor":"We’ll
translate site navigation and tailor your personal recommendations
where possible to match your preferred language
selection.","we_ll_translate_site_navigation_to_match":"We’ll translate
site navigation to match your preferred language
selection."}},"LockShockRoadblockModal":
{"LockShockRoadblockModal":
{"later":"Later","problem_with_your_last_payment":"Problem with
your last payment","update_payment":"Update
Payment","your_membership_is_on_hold_please":"Your membership
is on hold because of a problem with your last
payment."}},"SeoLightbox":{"SeoLightbox":
{"cancel_anytime":"Cancel anytime."}},"ShareQuote":{"ShareQuote":
{"loved_this_quote_i_read_on":"Loved this quote I read on
@Scribd","page_page":"(page {{page}})","share_quote":"Share
Quote"}}}}},"body":{"sidebar":{"date_uploaded":"Date
uploaded","on_created_at":"on {{created_at}}"},"toolbar":
{"search_inside_document":"Search inside document"}},"modals":
{"flag_document":{"hateful_or_offensive":"Hateful or
offensive","please_select_an_option":"Please select an
option","porn_adult_content":"Porn adult
content","spam_or_junk":"Spam or junk"}},"shared":{"actions":
{"modals":
{"redirecting":"Redirecting...","unable_to_unpause_account_please_try
":"Unable to unpause account. Please try again"}},"base_page":
{"an_error_occurred_please_try_again":"An error occurred please try
again"},"carousels":{"recommender_carousel":{"skip_carousel":"Skip
carousel"}},"components":{"ButtonMenu":{"ButtonMenu":
{"close_menu":"Close Menu"}},"DownloadButton":{"helpers":
{"getGeoLabel":
{"download":"Download","download_now":"Download
Now"}}},"MessagePromos":{"MessagePromo":{"MessagePromo":
{"dismiss_message":"Dismiss Message"}},"SignUpMessagePromo":
{"SignUpMessagePromo":{"find_your_next_great_read":"Find your
next great
read","read_personalized_recommendations_of_books_audiobooks":"R
ead personalized recommendations of books, audiobooks and more on
Home — at no additional cost.","tap_on_the_logo_to_explore":"Tap on
the logo to explore the best books, audiobooks, and more — included in
your membership at no additional cost."}}},"SearchInput":
{"SearchInput":{"close_suggestions":"Close
suggestions"}},"UserMenuButton":{"Menu":{"Menu":
{"scribd_perks":"Scribd Perks"}}},"flashes":{"Flash":{"Flash":
{"information":"information"}}},"modals":{"Download":
{"Download":{"also_added_to_your_saved_list":"Also added to your
Saved list","also_adds_to_your_saved_list":"Also adds to your Saved
list"},"Receipt":{"InfiniteScrollingBestsellers":
{"InfiniteScrollingBestsellers":{"at_no_additional_cost":"At no
additional cost","included_in_your_membership":"Included in your
membership!","load_more":"Load More"},"SaveOnlyCell":
{"SaveOnlyCell":{"your_document":"Your document"}}},"Receipt":
{"uploaded_by_this_props_document_author_name":"Uploaded by
{{this_props_document_author_name}}"}}}},"navigation":
{"GlobalNav":{"Language":{"Picker":{"Picker":
{"change_language":"Change Language","learn_more":"Learn
More","selected":", selected"}}}},"MembershipInfo":
{"MembershipInfo":{"learn_more_about_scribd_membership":"Learn
more about Scribd Membership"}}}},"download_button":{"button":
{"download":"Download"}},"footer":{"footer":{"quick_links":"Quick
links"}},"modals":{"download":{"download":
{"download_format_extension_touppercase_format_filesize":"Downlo
ad {{format_extension_touppercase}}
({{format_filesize}})"}}},"nway_test":
{"streamline_account_creation":
{"get_instant_access_to_this_document":"Get instant access to this
document and millions more with a free
account.","to_add_a_note_please_sign":"To add a note, please sign
up","to_add_a_note_please_sign_":"To add a note, please sign
in","to_download_please_sign_in":"To download, please sign
in","to_download_please_sign_up":"To download, please sign
up","to_flag_this_document_please_sign":"To flag this document,
please sign up","to_flag_this_document_please_sign_":"To flag this
document, please sign
in","to_highlight_this_document_please_sign":"To highlight this
document, please sign
up","to_highlight_this_document_please_sign_":"To highlight this
document, please sign in","to_rate_this_document_please_sign":"To
rate this document, please sign
up","to_rate_this_document_please_sign_":"To rate this document,
please sign in","to_save_this_document_please_sign":"To save this
document, please sign up","to_save_this_document_please_sign_":"To
save this document, please sign
in","to_share_this_quote_please_sign":"To share this quote, please sign
up","to_share_this_quote_please_sign_":"To share this quote, please
sign in"},"view_restricted_cta":
{"to_continue_reading_please_sign_up":"To continue reading, please
sign up"}},"search_input":{"input":{"recent_searches":"Recent
searches"}},"store":{"actions":{"modals":
{"subscribe_to_continue_reading":"Subscribe to Continue
Reading"}}}}}}}}}};
Scribd.knuckles_enabled = false;
</script>

<script>
(function(h,o,t,j,a,r){
h.hj=h.hj||function(){(h.hj.q=h.hj.q||[]).push(arguments)};
h._hjSettings={hjid:1620130,hjsv:6};
a=o.getElementsByTagName('head')[0];
r=o.createElement('script');r.async=1;
r.src=t+h._hjSettings.hjid+j+h._hjSettings.hjsv;
a.appendChild(r);
})(window,document,'https://static.hotjar.com/c/hotjar-','.js?sv=');
</script>

Scribdy Crypt

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Scribdy Crypt

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

html

You might also like