Model Question Paper - 1 B.E/B.Tech DEGREE EXAMINATION Air Pollution and Control Engineering (Regulation 2017) Time: Three Hours Maximum: 100 Marks Answer ALL Questions PART A-(10 x2 = 20 Marks) What are Secondary air pollutants? Give examples. (May/June 2012) (Nov/ Dec 2012) (May/June 2013) (Nov/Dec 2011). (May/June 2016) (Nov/Dec 201 2 Primary pollutants react with one another or with water vapour in the presence of sunlight forms, a new form of pollutant, called secondary pollutants. Ex: Sulphuric Acid (H,SO,), Ozone (O;) etc. What are the Emission Standards? (May/June 2012) (Nov/Dec 2017) Emission Standards are the limits, establish the permitted levels of emission from the specific groups of emitters and require that all members of these groups emit, not more than these permitted emission levels. Define Plume rise. (Nov/Dec 2011) (May/June 2014) (Nov/Dec 2015) Plume Rise is defined as the distance of the hot plume from the stack into the atmosphere, due to the buoyancy and momentum.~_~ M.Q2 Air Pollution ond Control Eng {, What are dispersion models? (May/June 2012) (Nov/Dec 2g 1% Dispersion models are mathematical simulation approaches made to the dispersion of pollutants to sy how air pollutants disperse inthe ambient atmosphere, State the objectives of using air pollution contro April/May 2015) (AprilMay 2017) (Nov/Dec 2017) The important objectives of the air pollution co trol are as follows, 1. Controlling of effects of air pollution on public 2. Protection of animals, plants, etc, 3. Protection of properties against pollutants attack 4. Providing the acceptable environment etc. What is the principle of Electrostatic precipitator? Wov/Dec 2011) (Nov/Dec 2018) ESP is working based on the principle that, the ESP uses the electrical forces to move the particulate matter, out of ‘the flowing gas stream and on to collector plats, 7. What is adsorption? (tay/June 2012) WowDec 2016) Adsorption is the physical process of collecting the Esssous, Higuid and solid air pollutants inthe air by @ surface, where they are concentrated and retained, 8 What is Bio-scrubber? Bio-scrubbers or Biological Scrubbers are the biological feactors, used 10 remove V olatile Organic Compounds pe gusion POPE a : (voce) and odorous molecules (Hike Hos MQ3 pases an sulphides) presen in industrial gaseous emi s ic ilding Syndrome. fine Sick Building is a Building Syndrome (SBS) or Tight a s a ‘ome is a medical condition, where peane ee paitding suffer from symptoms of illness or feel un ili vio ‘any specific reason or cause. 410. Define Sound Pressure Level. ar (May/June 2012) (Nov/Dec 2012) rail? ; vel is defined as Sound level or Sound Pressure Loe Se fei scale of measuring the intensity of sot sound of pressure and a reference standard pressure. = 65 marks) Part B (5x13 = 65 mar i ‘the atmosphere. (8) 11.) (@ Explain the elements of eee e 1.10 Refer Chapter 1.2.3. Page 1.10 (ii) Briefly discuss about the various types of gases allution. eo (8) (Nov/Dec 2017) Refer Chapter 1.6 Page 1.20 {OR} esrbe im detail the effects of air pollaton on oom beings vegetation and animals, ee (13) (Now/Dec 2016) Refer Chapter 1.8.1 1.82. and 1.83. page 1.30 and 138Mga Ar Poltation and Como Ergerng Mgt ert Entering 12, (a) On a summer afternoon with a wind speed of 3.29 sms the concentration of particulate matter Way found to be 1520 gin! ata potut 2 kr down wing and 0.5 km perpendicular 0 the plume centerline from a coal fired power plant. Determine the particulate emission rate of the power pla, ‘the following Stack Parameters Height 750m given Atmospheric Condition Pressure: 100 Kpa Diameter :1.80m Temperature : 28° C Exit Velocity: 12 mis Temperature: 322" C ‘Make any assumption, if found necessary. Wovec 2011) (May/June 2012) (Nov Dec 2012) Refer Example 2.1; Page 2.49, 10%) 4) Define Dispersion model and explain their types with its application. (13) (May/June 2013) (May/June 2014) (NowDec 2018) (Nov/Dec 2016) (Nov/Dec 2016, R- 013) (Aprit~May 2017) Refer Chapter 2.6; Page 2.53 13. a) @) List the factors influencing the choice of ait pollution control equipment (7)(May/June 2013) 2013) (Nov/Dec 2017) (May/June 2016) (Now’Dec 2015) (Nov/Dec 2016) Refer Chapter 3.1.3 Page 3,2 (@) Explain any three air pollution control measures. (6) (Nov/Dec 2018) Refer Chapter 3.2 and 3.3 Page 3.8 and 3.10 (ory M.Q5 sp weston Papers » does a bag house filter work? What are the peli and negatives of filtration process? (13) ‘Nov/Dec 2012) (13) (April/May 2017) (Nov/Dec 2017) Refer Chapter 3, Page 3.35 4. a) What is Bio-fitration? Explain the components Me ond working of Bi-ftation unis. Refer Chapter 4.8, Page 4.45 {OR} b) What are the approaches for controlling oxides of it iscuss the control methodology. nitrogen? Discuss Poe Refer Chapter 4.6.1. Page 4.27 ion and its control q Jain the Indoor pollution an me se (13) (Nov/Dec 2018) Refer Chapter 5.1. Page 5.1 108] 1b) Write short notes on, Ultra sound. & 3)(May/June 2012) (April/May 2017) Refer Page 5.19 ji) Noise Criteri a G) (May/June 2012) (April/May 2017) Refer Page 5.19 i) Wave Number. : (4) (May/June 2012) (4) (April/May 2017) Refer Page 5.19 (iv) Magnification factor (3) (April/May 2017) Refer Page 5.20~ MQs Air Polltion and Control Eng neering Part C (1x15 = 15 marks) 16. a) Explain about the buil late about the building related ai bri ig related air pollution (oR 5) How air pollution can be controlled tow seta plat of sn it plats ccna ggg eines MQ7 pe veton Papers Model Question Paper - Il B.EIB.Tech DEGREE EXAMINATION Air Pollution and Control Engineering (Regulation 2017) ‘Time: Three Hours ‘Maximum: 100 Marks ‘Answer ALL Questions PART A-(10 x2=20 Marks) 1 Brief the effect of Carbon Monoxide on human being. (May/June 2012) (Now/Dec 2012) (ow/Dec 2017) Carbon monoxide has a greater blood-affinity property and which has been affected by blood hemoglobin 200 times more than O,, This CO, replaces the O; present in the hemoglobin and forms Carboxy-hemoglobin, (COM). If the quantity of Carboxy-hemoglobin is less, it produces the litle headache, reduction in reaction time ‘etc, on human beings. 2. What are the sources of air pollution? (NowDec 2016) (NowDec 2016, R-2008) (Nov/Dec 2017) 1, Natural Sources 2, Man-Made Sources What is lapse rate? (Now/Dec 2016, R-2008) (NowDee 13016, R-2013) (Nov/Dec 2017) (April May 2018) ‘The le at which, the temperature changes with nereasing height of the atmosphere is called Lapse Rate of Temperature Lapse Rate.Mas 4 x AtcPlton ad Corl Engnecrng What is turbulence and how it is formed? (May/Iy, 2013) (April/May 2017) of Turbulence is defined as the gas (or a fluid) flow, ier by proper, changes with respect time, which is formed due to the rapid variation pressure, velocity ete. oi Define stokes law. (Nov/Dec 2018) Siokes's lw, sites the sting veloc , ing velotes of spherical particles in a fluid medium. = ‘The terminal setling velocity can be eale i the Stoke's law, i ieee What are pollution control equipments? (Nov/Dec 2012) (May/June 2012) (May/June 2016) : (WovDec 2016) Following are the important equipment used to contro! the particulate matter. 1. Gravitational Settling Chambers 2. Centrifugal Collectors (Dynamic precipitators, cyclone collectors, ete.) 3. Wet Scrubbers (or) Wet Collectors (Spray towers, Wet Cyclone Scrubbers, Venturi-Serubbers ete.) 4. ESP (Electro-Static Precipitators) 5. Fabric Filters How combustion proces brings alr pollution Control? Combustion or Incineration techniques oxi the: substances rpily through the combinaion of oxigen saul M.Q9 ope eave toe. “with a combustible material in the presence of heat. combustion is complete, the £25 stream is Jonverted into CO, and water vapour. fin ality Index. + pa (Nov/Dec 2011) (May/June 2012) (May/June 2012, ‘R-2004) (Now/Dec 2016) ‘Air Quality Index is defined as a scale or an indicator of ‘air quality, based on air pollutants that have adverse efreets on human health and the envionment. 9. Define Indoor air pollution Indoor sir pollution is defined as the degradation of indoor air quality by harmful chemicals and other materials and it can be up to 10 times severe effects than ‘outdoor ai pollution. 10, What are the various noise sources? (May/June 2013) (@tay/Sune 2016) (Nov/Dec 2017) (Nov/Dec 2017) (Nov/Dec 2014) 1, Traffic noises 2. Industrial noises 5, Other important sources (loudspeakers, sirens ee) Part B (S x 13 = 65 Marks) a) (0 Define air pollution and explain classification of air pollution with suitable examples. (7)(May/Sune2014)(Nov/Dec 2015) (16) (April/May 2017) ‘Refer Chapter 1.1 and’1.5 Page 1.1 and 1.18M.Qu0 Air Pollation and Control ( Explain the effect of air pollution tn global seat le (9) Wow fon, “ae 4) @) Explain the elements of the atmosphere. ) (Nowe x Refer Chapter 1.2.3. Page 1.10 ge (i) Explain the effect of cir pollution on plant (6) (Now/Dec 2 Refer Chapter 1.8.2. Page 1.34 9 12, @) Briefly discuss about th uss about the various metorl Parameters that influencing air pollution. ee ‘noe Refer Chapter 2.1.1. Page 2.1 sae’ 6) Whe oa tis Plame? Explain the deren ; iret lame with respctto the prevlinglepreratan Rete Cages 243. Pega 13, (What th prince of ESP? span le wi incite ee 7 factors influencing its performances? Sie sige (May/June 2016) (Nov/Dec 2016) (April/May 2017) (Nov/Dec 2017) (April/May 2018) Refer Chapter 3.9 Page 3.43 (6) What are inertial se i. i? St Epa tip oa abbr iste a ode Question POD Maul va) What x edsorption? Hw adsorgtion princes are used for air pollution control? (13) (May/June 2012) ((NowDec 2012) (Now Dec 2012 1p-2004) (May/June 2012) (May/June 2014) (May/June 2016) (April/May 2017) Refer Chapter 4.2 Page 4.2 oR} 4b) Write the working and design aspect of blo scrubbers. ‘Refer Chapter 47.1 and 4.7.2. Page 4.40 and 4.42 15.) What i Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) and explain- (3) Refer Chapter 5.2. Page 5.12 [oR] 1b) Explaln the Impact of noise pollution on humans ‘and how it can be controlled at source. (13) (April/May 2018) Refer Table 53. Effects of Noise on Human Beings and Chapter 5.7.1. Page 5.28 and 5.45 Part C (1x15 = 15 marks) 16 a) What are the Global effects of Environmental Pollution? Explain in Details. {OR} by How the noite pollution ix controlled effectively? goaMeteorology 2.61 = 1800 ug/hour Since 70% of lead present in the fuel is emitted as particulate aerosol, the lead aerosol released in air = 1800 pg/hk 0.8 = 1440 pg/hour Hence, 1440 ug/h of lead is released in air as particulate aerosol. TWO MARKS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 1. List out the meteorological factors in the context of air pollution. (May/June 2012) v Primary Parameters + Wind Speed and Direction «& Temperature #& Atmospheric Stability # Mixing Height ¥ Secondary Parameters # Rainfall and Precipitation * Humidity * Solar Radiation * Visibility 2. What is mixing height? (Nov/Dec 2011) Mixing height is defined as the height above the earth’s surface to which related pollutants will extend, Primarily through the action of atmospheric turbulence.4. 5. Pollution Management What is a 'Phisse'? (Now/ Dec 2012) wth and its extension in the Plume is defined as the as from a source. The source atmosphere of the emitted 4 is generally referred as stack. Define Plume 1 (Now/Dec 2011) (May/June 2014) (Nov/Dec 2015) Plume Rise is defined as the distance of the hot plume from the stack into the atmosphere, due to the buoyancy and momentum, Define atmospheric stability. (May/June 2012) (Nov/Dec 2012) Atmospheric stability is defined as the measure of atmospheric tendency to encourage or discourage the vertical motion and the vertical motion is directly related to the different types of weather conditions and its severity. What do you mean by inversion? (NowDec 2014) When the Reverse (or Negative) lapse rate occurs, a dense-cold stratum of air at ground level gets covered by lighter-warm air at higher levels. This concept is called inversions. Write the types of inversion. () Radiation Inversions (May/June 2016) (Gi) Subsidence Inversion Metearoloxy 263 4 Whatis lapse rate? (Nov/Dec 2016, R-2008) (Nov/Dec 2016, R-2013) (Nov/Dec 2017) (April/May 2018) ‘The rate at which, the temperature changes with increasing height of the atmosphere is called Lapse Rate ‘or Temperature Lapse Rate. 9. State adiabatic lapse rate. (Nov/Dec 2018) “The lapse rate of a parcel of dry air, when it lifts upwards in a hydrostatically-stable environment and expands slowly to the lower environment pressure without ‘exchange of heat is called Adiabatic Lapse Rate. 10. Write the plume rise computing formula suggested by IS: 88292 Maximum Concentration (C,) of pollutants on ground level is given as, ic Where, H ~ Height of the stack K ~ Constant (M — Mass of the pollutant gases discharged per unit time V ~ Volume of the pollutant gases discharged per unit time Ay ~ Difference in temperature of stack gases and surrounding aitdir Pollution stanagemet Yhat are wind roses? State uses. | Fe inet ane 014) (Nov/Dec 2014) (AprilMay 2015) (May/June ri : (NowDee 2015) (May/June 2016) (Nov/Dec 2016) {Nov/Dec 2016, R 2013) (Nov/Dec 2017) (April/May 2018) representation of distribution of wind direction at the tiven location over the observation period. Wind rose is used to show the prevailing wind direction. It is used to view how the wind speed and direction are typically distributed ata particular location, 12, What is turbulence and how itis formed? (May/June 2013) (April/May 2017) ‘Turbulence is defined as the gas (or a fluid) flow, differentiated by its properties, changes with respect to time, which is formed due to the rapid variation of pressure, velocity ete, 13. What isthe prime mechanism to disperse air pollution? (May/June 2012) When the air pocket, containing air pollutants, released to the atmosphere from a source, it gets dispersed into the atmosphere to various directions, depending upon the Prevailing winds, temperature and pressure conditions in the environment. condi Under the normal environmental ket of air (which is hotter and lighter than the surrounding air) is released to the atmosphere, then it tends to rise up and reaches a level at which its temperature and surrounding air. “ 18, When @ density becomes equal to the Meteorology 7m IS. 16, L What are dispersion models? (May/June 2012) (Nov/Dec 2012) Dispersion models are mathematical simulation or approaches made to the dispersion of pollutants to study how air pollutants disperse in the ambient atmosphere. Express Gaussian dispersion model, (Nov/Dec 2012) ‘The Gaussian model is the oldest and most commonly uused model type. It assumes that the air pollutant dispersion has a Gaussian distribution. It is for predicting the dispersion of continuous, buoyant air pollution plumes originating from ground-level or elevated sources. What are the applications of Dispersion Models? (NowDec 2017) Following are the applications of dispersion models. 1. Air Quality Assessment 2. Estimation of downwind ambient concentration of air pollutants 3. Calculation of toxins emitted from sources such as industrial plants, vehicular traffic or accidental chemical releases. 4, Estimation of predict future concentrations under specific scenarios (i.e. changes in emission sources). REVIEW QUESTIONS Briefly discuss about the various meteorological ‘parameters that influencing air pollution. a6) (Now/Dec 2017) (On)tir Rtn Managemen, —— eut the various meteorological parameter, ‘plain them. (16) (Apri Lis infleencing air pollution. 017) (or) f meteorological factory in pollution Explain the rote (NowDee 2011) studies. (on What are the meteorological factors influencing the air splain briefly. “) (Now Dee 2012) (May/June 2013) pollution? Es on Discuss im detail about the effect of metrotogics parameters on transport and diffusion of air pollutic (May/June 20149) or Chapter 2.1.13 Page 2.1 yplain the atmospheric stability process through (8) (NowDec 2018) temperature lapse rate. Refer Chapter (I) 2.1.2 Page 22 How does wind play a role in Air Pollution? xplain. (8) (May/June 2012) (8) (Nov/Dec 2017) Refer Chapter (I) 2.1.2; Page 2.2 With neat sketch, explain effect of lapse rate on plume behaviour. (16) (May/Sune 2012) (Apri/May2015) (April/May 2018) Refer Chapter 2.3; Page 2.12 | J aoonrbey ‘ i. 2 piscuss the various plume patterns for the different prevailing lapse rates. (8) owdec 2012) (on What ts a Plume? Explain the different plume pehaviour with respect to the prevailing lapse rates. (8) (May/June 2012) (8) (Now/Dee 2012) (on Explain the plume behavious from a stack for different imospherle stably conditions, (Nov/Dec 2011) (on Describe the behavior of plume for various atmosphere conditions with neat sketches, (8) (Nov/Dec 2018) (on Describe in detail about plume behaviour. (16) (Nov/Dec 2016) (8) (Nov/Dec 2017) (10) (Nov/Dec 2017, R- 2013) (on With neat sketch explain the types of plume. a (Atey/tune 2010) Refer Chapter 2.3.3 Page 2.18 Explain the meteorological factors that affect the wind rose diagram. dispersion of air pottution and dra ne (NowDec 2019) Refer Chapter 2.1 1nd 2.3.4, Page 2.100422? caer , ea note on facts infiuencit What ts plume rise? Mabe ante oH rine 13) ‘and its estimation. (7 (AprivMtay 2017) hh Refer Chapter Ill 2.3.7 Page 2312.08 ir Pollution Management 4 Explain the factors affecting dispersion of air pollutants. ay (Nov/Dec 2014) (May/June 2016) Refer Chapter 2.5.1; Page 2.44 9. Ona summer afternoon with a wind speed of 3.20 m/s the concentration of particulate matter was found to be 1520 g/m? at a point 2 km down wind and 0.5 km perpendicular to the plume centerline from a coal fired ‘power plant. Determine the particulate emission rate of the power plant, given the following ‘Stack Parameters Atmospheric Condition Height —:75.0m Pressure: 100 Kpa Diameter: 150m Temperature: 28° C Exit Velocity :12 m/s Temperature : 322° C Make any assumption, if found necessary. (Nov/Dec 2011) (May/June 2012) (Nov/ Dec 2012) Refer Example 2.1; Page 2.49, 10, Define Dispersion model and explain their types with its application. (9) (May/June 2013) (May/June 2014) (8) (Nov/Dec 2015) (16) (Nov/Dec 2016) (16) (Nov/Dec 2016, R-2013) (9) (April/May 2017) Refer Chapter 2.6; Page 2.53, IL. Explain Gaussian dispersion models with assumptions, merits and demerits. an (Now/Dec 2014) (16) (May/June 2016) Refer Chapter 2.61; Page 2.54 Meteorology 269 Meteorology 8 12, What do you understand by Dispersion Models? Explain about Gaussian Dispersion Model in detail. (Nov/Dec 2017) (16) (April/May 2018) Refer Chapter 2.6 and 2.62; Page 2.53 and 2.54 13, Derive the expression for ground level concentration of pollutant by assuming Gaussian Plume Dispersion for stack emission. (May/June 2012) (on Explain the Gaussian Dispersion Model and discuss the {factors involved in the prediction of ground level ‘concetitration of pollutants. (Nov/Dec 2012) Refer Chapter 2.6.2; Page 2.54 goo